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CamNtech The Actiheart User Manual

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The Actiheart

USER MANUAL

Document Reference:
Issue Version:
Issue Date:
This equipment must be configured and operated in
accordance with these instructions and in conjunction with:
'The Actiheart Guide to Getting Started'
Actiheart User Manual 5.1.31 (Jun 2022)
30207
5.1.31
30/6/22
1

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  • Page 1: The Actiheart

    The Actiheart USER MANUAL Document Reference: 30207 Issue Version: 5.1.31 Issue Date: 30/6/22 This equipment must be configured and operated in accordance with these instructions and in conjunction with: ‘The Actiheart Guide to Getting Started’ Actiheart User Manual 5.1.31 (Jun 2022)

  • Page 2: Regulatory Information

    Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 2014/30/EU. RoHS2 Directive 2011/65/EU. WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU. Manufacturer: For assistance with set-up, use or maintenance of the Actiheart or to report any unexpected operation or events, please contact CamNtech using the details below or contact your local representative. CamNtech Ltd...

  • Page 3: Important Safety Information

    This symbol indicates that important operational Consult Instructions for Use information is contained in the user instructions (i.e. this user guide). The Actiheart is suitable for temporary immersion in water IPX7 Ingress Protection Rating (up to 1 hour at 1m).

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Contents THE ACTIHEART ..................................1 USER MANUAL ..................................1 DOCUMENT REFERENCE: 30207.............................. 1 REGULATORY INFORMATION ..............................2 ....................................2 UROPEAN NION : ....................................2 ANUFACTURER IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION ............................3 WARNINGS ..................................... 3 : ..........................3 EVICE AND ACKAGING YMBOLS AND ARKINGS 1 ACTIHEART DATABASES ................................
  • Page 5 3.5 P & P ............................ 28 REVIEWING RINTING 3.6 A ....................................29 LEAN 3.7 E HR ................................29 STIMATE LEEPING 3.8 S ....................................29 ELECT 3.9 C ..............................29 OPYING DATA TO THE CLIPBOARD 3.9.1 C ..................................29 OPY ALL DATA 3.9.2 C ..............................
  • Page 6 4.4.15 T .................................. 46 TILITIES 4.4.16 P ............................. 46 RINTING AND REVIEWING 4.4.17 C ................................. 47 OPYING ALL 4.5 T .................................... 47 4.5.1 O ....................................47 VERVIEW 4.5.2 S ................................47 ETTING 4.5.3 D ........................49 OWNLOADING ATA FROM THE CTIHEART 4.5.4 V ..........................
  • Page 7 7.2 B ....................................72 ATTERY 7.3 D ....................................72 ISPOSAL 7.4 EMC D ............................... 73 ECLARATION AND UIDANCE APPENDIX 1: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF THE ACTIHEART 5 ....................75 ................................75 CCELEROMETER PECIFICATION ................................75 CCELERATION EASUREMENT ....................................75 CTIVITY OUNTS ECG S ...................................
  • Page 8 IMPORTANT BATTERY CARE INFORMATION! The Actiheart device contains a miniature rechargeable battery which must be cared for correctly to maximise service life. Following any long recording, always ensure the battery is at least partly re-charged - do not leave it completely flat before storage. If the device is to be stored for an extended period then it should ideally be part-charged rather than left either completely fully or empty.

  • Page 9: Actiheart Databases

    1 Actiheart Databases The Actiheart uses two SQLite databases to store data and settings separately. Direct access to these is not required in order to record, read and analyse data. However if a user wishes to view the details of certain records which are not viewable through the user interface or if a user wishes to customise certain settings then these may be opened using any SQLite data viewer.

  • Page 10: Users Table

    1.1.2 Users Table This table contains User details many of which affect the calculation of energy expenditure. These are all entered from the Actiheart application and they are: • User ID: Any ID may be used, either an actual name or ID number.

  • Page 11: Energy Models

    The StepPAI table contains the PAI-HRaS regression equation obtained from the Step Test (see Appendix 4). StepPAI WARNING When creating new equations or varying any of the branched model values do not replace any of the default values but create a new record in the database.
  • Page 12 ActiheartPAI1 ActiheartPAI3 Precover ActiheartPAI2 ActiheartPAI4 ActiheartPAI6 StressComp ActiheartPAI5 ActiheartPAI6 Name UseStepCal UseHrCal HRpai1 UseActCal HRpai2 HRpai4 HRpai3 HRpai5 HRpai6 HRpai7 HRpai8 HRpai9 Actiheart User Manual 5.1.31 (Jun 2022)

  • Page 13: Settings And Utilities

    2 Settings and Utilities Clicking on the Utilities button from the main menu will display the Actiheart Utilities window as shown below. The utilities are divided up using the sections on the left hand side of the window. 2.1 General General settings relate to the software installation and user logging.

  • Page 14: Adding Or Changing Databases

    The currently selected database (and its location) are shown within the “Currently Selected Database” area. A listing of all users contained within this is shown in the “Users in this database” area. 2.2.1 Adding or Changing Databases To add a new blank database (no users or records), click on the New button. A Windows file dialogue box will be displayed where you can supply the name and location of the new database before clicking Open to save the database.

  • Page 15: Actiheart 5

    2.3 Actiheart 5 Clicking the Actiheart 5 tabs brings a number of functions for monitoring or maintaining the Actiheart 5 device. The “Read Actiheart” button will automatically attempt to read from the Actiheart connected, regardless of which section of the software the device was set up from.
  • Page 16 This will clear the large central list of diagnostic information which was collected by using the other functions. • Mem Check: This is an internal CamNtech test to report on the memory chips of the device. • Erase: This triggers a full erase of the device memory. It should only be performed if you are certain you wish to erase any recording data on the device.

  • Page 17: Activity And Heart Rate

    This can be useful, for example, when setting up a group of subjects together. The maximum start delay is 72 hours. The Actiheart will not begin recording until the start time is reached. All times are taken from the clock on the host PC.

  • Page 18: Downloading Ibi Monitoring Data From The Actiheart

    3.1.4 Downloading IBI Monitoring Data from the Actiheart Click on the Read button to download the data. This process is the same as for any other recording (for further details please see the Guide to Getting Started). The data is stored in the currently selected database ready for analysis.

  • Page 19: Analysing An Ibi Monitoring Recording

    button. Click “Export” to export the database; when this is complete, a confirmation message is shown. • File export: Exports a file in Tab or Comma Delimited text format, or in EDF+ data format for ECG analysis in external software. The default file name and location are shown and clicking Save will export the data.

  • Page 20: Heart Rate & Activity Graph Controls

    double click will reset the graph to show the full 24 hours of the chosen day. Analysis Results: Once a period has been selected for analysis, this area provides Overall Results with results in graphical and quantitative form of the entire period analysed as one, and an Analysis Results Table with epoch-by-epoch HRV measures.

  • Page 21: Analysis Results Table

    When the 5 minute analysis epoch is selected, the following further information is also displayed (otherwise these will be greyed out): • SDNN: The standard deviation of the normal to normal intervals. • SDANN: The standard deviation of the 5 minute average NN intervals. Histogram Plot: The upper graph of the Overall Results display shows a plot of the frequency of each IBI encountered over the analysed period.

  • Page 22: Ibi Analysis Settings

    On each row of statistics, there will be a note if too few valid IBI points were found to analyse, along with missing results. This indicates that whilst the analysis can selectively use only valid IBI in the case of small amounts of missing data, it will not do so where 50% or more of the time period is missing.

  • Page 23: Copying Ibi Monitoring Data To The Clipboard

    IBI Analysis Function The Actiheart 4 HRV System was constrained by the limits of the Actiheart 4’s internal data collection. This was limited to a maximum of 2000ms IBI, and carried no evaluation of whether each individual recorded ECG peak was likely correct on incorrect in relation to recorded beat sequence.

  • Page 24: Long Term Recording

    The long term recording mode is optimised for lower-resolution analysis of longer time periods of a week or more. When the Actiheart 5 is set up from here, it will track every single IBI and the acceleration waveforms as for IBI Monitoring mode, only the focus of the analysis window is different.

  • Page 25: Reading Long Term Data From The Actiheart

    Reading Long Term Data from the Actiheart Downloading a long term recording is the same as any other recording, using the Read button above. For further details please see the Guide to Getting Started. The data is stored in the selected database for analysis.

  • Page 26: Long Term Tools Tabs & Controls

    IBI Min and Max data: Shows the IBI min and max data (the average of the two lowest IBI figures and the two highest IBI figures per epoch respectively) for the recording displayed for each 15 second epoch. Lost data and ECG level: The level of ECG signal and the % of lost signal per epoch.
  • Page 27 Having selected the required period, the following functions may applied to the data: ▪ Mark: Selecting this function will cause the area highlighted to be marked. A comment associated with the marked area can be added. There are some stored comments which can be accessed via the drop down menu, or a user can enter a comment of choice.

  • Page 28: Previewing & Printing Long Term Data

    • Copy: Selecting the copy function will export the marked data to the clipboard from where it can be pasted into an external program e.g. Excel for further analysis. Removed data is copied as zero in the “Edited Activity” and “Edited BPM” columns respectively and the comments column will say “Removed”.

  • Page 29: Auto Clean

    3.6 Auto Clean The Auto Clean option may be accessed from the Data menu. This is intended for data from older recording devices. Actiheart 5 recording data is already processed to the best result during first opening and analysis. 3.7 Estimate Sleeping HR This function may be used to automatically determine the sleeping heart rate for the wearer.

  • Page 30: Energy Expenditure Analysis

    When using an Actiheart, any recording can be analysed using either Daily Energy Expenditure or Advanced Energy Expenditure. The “Setup” button in either may be used to start an IBI Mode recording using the Actiheart, which will maximise available recording time by recording every IBI rather than the full ECG waveform.

  • Page 31: Branched Model Adjustment In The Presence Of Recovered Data

    4.2.2 Branched Model Adjustment in the Presence of Recovered Data Appendix 4.2.3 Branched Model Adjustment in the Presence of Stress Appendix 4.2.4 Individual Calibration Individual calibration data can be used in the calculation of AEE instead of a group calibration. The individual calibration can be applied from either Daily Energy Expenditure or Advanced Energy Expenditure.

  • Page 32: Step 1: Cleaning

    lost data. In those epochs where recovery fails the AEE is solely based on Activity. There are three steps in the cleaning process: STEP 1: Cleaning This involves setting suspect values to zero according to the following criteria: • If HR < 30 or •...

  • Page 33: Daily Energy Expenditure

    AEE excluding the gaps. If selected the “Auto Fill” is automatically applied to all the days in the recording. In order to decide whether the Actiheart has not been worn the software searches for continuous periods of 2 hours or more of zero Activity.

  • Page 34: Steps In Performing An Analysis

    4.3.1 Steps Performing an Analysis • Set up, record and download the data as described in the Guide to Getting Started • Choose the desired Energy Model (see Section 4.3.2). • Set Sleeping Heart Rate (only possible from ‘Advanced Energy Expenditure’...
  • Page 35 of options. The meaning of options are described below: Adult ... (old): This describes models created from an earlier group calibration than the JAP2007 group above. These models are provided for backwards compatibility, but not recommended for new studies. Group Act vs Ind Act: Most models are provided with an activity calibration based on group measurements.

  • Page 36: Individual Calibration

    A recording is selected either by double clicking on it, or highlighting it and selecting Analyse. The message shown below may then be displayed if there are gaps in the Actiheart recording: Selecting Yes (to auto-fill) or No will lead to the daily overview window:...

  • Page 37: Gaps In The Data

    The top region of the screen provides the user details and allows the selection of display units in kCal or kJoules. It is also possible to select just to view the AEE component of energy expenditure rather than viewing all of the components. The lower section of the display shows the components of energy expenditure day by day.

  • Page 38: Previewing & Printing Data

    • HR limits • HR histogram To move between these, they can either be selected from the drop down menu “Analysis display” at the top of the screen, or they can be scrolled through by repeatedly right clicking on the required day in the bar graph. An example of the HR displayed data is shown below: This example shows the average distribution of AEE for all full days together with the HR histogram option.

  • Page 39: Analyse All

    Copy Hourly Energy Expenditure: Provides an export with header information and a breakdown of the energy expenditure into each day and furthermore into columns for each hour of each day. 4.3.10 Analyse All This is a batch processing function which appears on the main Daily Energy Expenditure screen.
  • Page 40 A recording and user are set up in the same way as previously documented. For further details please see Section 7 of the Guide to Getting Started. When the user is set up and the parameters are ready to be sent to the Actiheart, the screen on the following page is shown: This screen allows the user to select the required recording type.

  • Page 41: Setting Up A Recording - Delayed Start

    charged for the case of 2 week recordings. Both modes can be used for any Energy Expenditure analysis. 4.4.3 Setting up a Recording – Delayed Start For details on setting up a delayed start recording please see Section 3.1.3. 4.4.4 Downloading an Advanced EE Recording Downloading an Advanced EE recording is the same as any other recording,...

  • Page 42: Measured Rmr

    The individual calibration serves the following purposes: a. It allows an individual calibration for a given user to be saved in the database from where it will be called by the energy model and used as a basis for the calculation of energy expenditure instead of the group calibration.

  • Page 43: Sleeping Heart Rate

    4.4.8.2 Sleeping Heart Rate It is possible to enter a value for measured sleeping heart rate in this screen. Once saved this will overwrite whatever value was entered for that user in the database when the user was created. If required, the software can calculate this from an overnight recording and save that directly.

  • Page 44: Analysing An Advanced Energy Expenditure Recording

    Once all of the required parameters have been input into the individual calibration screen, clicking on Save will save these parameters for that user into the database. 4.4.9 Analysing an Advanced Energy Expenditure Recording Having selected the desired energy model and individual calibration data, if applicable, select the required recording for analysis from the list of available recordings, double clicking on the recording or highlighting it and selecting Analyse brings up the following screen (note you may see a message asking if...

  • Page 45: Viewing A Specific Point

    purpose of this calculation, REE is based on the Schofield equation. See Section 4.4.11 for details of the available measures and units. When METs are selected, this display will be colour-coded as follows: 1-3 METS Green 3-6 METS Orange > 6 METS NOTE: During periods where the unit is not worn the display will show only 1 MET based on AEE = 0.

  • Page 46: The Model Tab

    This is done using “Set Sleeping heart rate”. The following screen is displayed: To calculate SHR the Actiheart must be worn for at least one complete night. The SHR is set at the highest value of the thirty lowest minutes of HR readings during a 24 hr day.

  • Page 47: Copying All Days

    HR Max is known for the user, leave the HR Max field blank. The application will then use the Tanaka equation by default. During setup, you may choose to configure the Actiheart in Live Display mode, if your Actiheart was ordered with a Bluetooth module fitted for this purpose. This will allow monitoring of ECG and heart rate in real time during the step test.
  • Page 48 Actiheart in to USB and download the recording in order to analyse the result for calibration. Once the chosen parameters have been inserted and sent to the Actiheart, the screen below will be shown.

  • Page 49: Downloading Step Test Data From The Actiheart

    Actiheart is ready for reading. If at any time the user feels uncomfortable with the test, they should stop immediately and rest with the Actiheart on until the end of the test. The test can be stopped at any time by pressing the stop key. Pressing the Stop key twice will allow the unit to be read without waiting for the two minute count-down period.

  • Page 50: The Energy Regression Equations

    The central region of the screen shows the activity data as 15 second black blocks derived from the Actiheart accelerometer. The additional red line in the display is by default heart rate in BPM, but can also be selected to show the Heart Rate Variability per 15 second interval displayed either as max-min or the Root Mean Square of the beat to beat interval.

  • Page 51: Setting-Up Multiple Users

    There are a number of options for controlling the calculation of energy expenditure calibration from the step test observations. These are selectable options above the “Save” button. We recommend that for new projects the “JAP2007 – improved” option is chosen. The “Original” option refers to the calibration included with the first version of the Step test software.

  • Page 52: Analyse All

    4.5.12 Analyse All This is a batch processing function which places on the clipboard a summary row for all the step tests in the selected database. This function also provides the option of saving the individual calibration of each user. 4.5.13 Saving an Individual Calibration...

  • Page 53: Full Waveform Analysis

    5 Full Waveform Analysis The Full Waveform analysis window is designed to examine the ECG and 3-axis acceleration waveforms in detail. After initial loading and processing, fast navigation is supported for scrolling and zooming throughout the recording using the mouse. This allows a detailed overview of the full recording’s heart rate and movement together with rapid zoom and scrolling of the detailed high-resolution waveform.

  • Page 54: Waveform Viewer

    This is shown for an Actiheart 5 IBI Mode recording. It is shown as a flat line with vertical peaks drawn at the timings and magnitudes of ECG signal peaks recorded by the Actiheart 5. Note that it includes not just the QRS complexes identified by light blue lines as heart beats, but also a number of smaller noise peaks in order to allow more robust analysis and detection of the IBI and heart rate.
  • Page 55 • Accel XYZ: The acceleration is shown for all 3 measured axes. The X- axis is left-right on the body, Y is up-down, and Z is back-front oriented. These channels will typically consist of long regions of relatively “flat” data as the wearer is inactive, interspersed with much higher magnitude movement periods, then more “flat”...

  • Page 56: Ecg Average

    5.3 ECG Average The ECG Average function is reached through the tab near the top of the window, and allows the user to view the averaged ECG from a particular section of data for purposes of measurement. The average ECG waveform from a number of beats is then computed and displayed, along with [optionally] a faint trace of every ECG beat during that period which contributed to the average.
  • Page 57 outliers. This should normally only be enabled for a short selected period for performance reasons. An example viewing is shown below. Once selected, faint black lines are shown for every one of the ECG traces making up the average red line. This creates an overall visual impression of where the most commonly encountered waveform lies.

  • Page 58: Sleep Analysis [Research Only]

    6.0 Sleep Analysis [Research Only] 6.1 Overview The Actiheart for Sleep software can be used for analyses to aid the detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) and to identify the sleep stages. Note that this is an optional software module for research purposes only. It is not verified or guaranteed in any manner and all results should be treated with caution.

  • Page 59: Sleep Analysis

    6.2 Sleep Analysis Clicking on the ‘Sleep Analysis’ button on the main screen produces the screen below: From this window, the user can set up a new recording, read recorded data from an Actiheart or view a recording from the database. 6.2.1 Setting up a Sleep Recording...
  • Page 60 • Calculating a Spectrogram of the heart rate signal When you first attempt to open a multi-day Actiheart recording, the software will show a summary graph of the entire recording and prompt you to select a single 24-hour period from it. This allows the analysis window to then focus on a single night of sleep without the full length of recording.

  • Page 61: Viewing A Specific Data Point

    • RMSSD The root mean square of the successive differences of the IBI’s Clicking on ‘Calculate LF/HF’ calculates and displays the following frequency- domain parameters: • The low frequency component of the IBI, derived using an FFT • The high frequency component of the IBI derived using an FFT •...

  • Page 62: Previewing Data

    By left clicking on the screen and dragging left or right, it is possible to scroll through the recording. The default functionality of the left mouse button can be changed by clicking on the ‘Paints Marker’ radio button. This will allow areas of interest to be labelled.

  • Page 63: Sleep Staging

    6.4 Sleep Staging The software performs a two-stage analysis of the sleep record. The first stage involves measuring various characteristics of the heart beat record and uses them to derive an empirical measure of ‘sleep depth’ at 30 second intervals. In the second stage this measure is combined with the movement record to produce an approximate estimate of sleep stage.
  • Page 64 Moving the ‘To Bed’ and ‘Get Up’ sliders to the respective bed times and get up times and clicking on the white area produces the following result: The ‘Estimated Sleep stage’ window now contains the sleep stages for the period, with light sleep displayed in yellow, deep sleep displayed in green, and REM sleep in red.

  • Page 65: Previewing Data

    6.4.1 Previewing Data There are two ways of previewing data: a. Previewing General Statistics. This displays the window and beat to beat zoom data (if selected) as well as the histogram, triangular index and RMSSD for the recording, and is done by selecting first ‘Preview’ and then ‘General Statistics’...

  • Page 66: Apnoea Screening

    6.5 Apnoea Screening Clicking on the ‘Apnoea Screening’ tab automatically performs a frequency domain analysis of the cardiac inter-beat interval increment of the recording. This analysis extracts the Very Low Frequency components of the IBI as shown in the results below: The Apnoea screen is divided into three sections: a.

  • Page 67: Previewing Data

    6.5.1 Previewing Data It is possible to preview the window and beat to beat zoom data for the recording. This is done by selecting ‘Preview’ from the drop down menu. 6.5.2 Printing Data It is possible to print out the window data, the histogram, and the general statistics of the recording.

  • Page 68: Apnoea Search

    6.6 Apnoea Search Clicking on the ‘Apnoea Search’ tab produces the following screen: This screen is divided into three sections: a. Top section. This shows the parameters of the chosen recording namely those for the user and those for the start and finish times of the recording. b.

  • Page 69: Previewing Data

    The black vertical bars are estimated apnoeic periods during the night. By expanding the window with the beat to beat zoom, the periods identified as possible apnoeic events can be reviewed. An example of the zoom window with possible apnoeic events marked in black underneath the heart rate and activity data is shown below: 6.6.1 Previewing...

  • Page 70: Spectro- Gram

    6.7 Spectro- gram Clicking on the ‘Spectrogram’ tab, automatically performs a calculation of the frequency spectrum of the heart rate signal as shown below: The resulting spectrogram as shown in the screen below lines up with the heart rate recording above it and shows how the frequency components of the heart rate signal vary over time.

  • Page 71: Copying Data

    6.7.3 Copying Data Data can be copied from the software for pasting into an external program of the user’s choice. The selected data is exported to the clipboard and can then be pasted from there into, e.g. Microsoft Excel. There are three options: a.

  • Page 72: Safety And Handling Information

    Following any large download of data, always at least partially re- charge the Actiheart by leaving it connected. o Do not leave the battery completely flat before long-term storage. o As with all rechargeable batteries the capacity of the Actiheart battery will deteriorate with time/usage. 7.3 Disposal Waste Electrical &...

  • Page 73: Emc Declaration And Guidance

    Electromagnetic Emissions Guidance and Manufacturers Declaration – Electromagnetic emissions The Actiheart is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the Actiheart should assure that it is used in such an environment. Emissions...
  • Page 74 Guidance and Manufacturers Declaration – Electromagnetic Immunity The Actiheart is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the Actiheart should assure that it is used in such an environment. Immunity IEC 60601 Test...

  • Page 75: Appendix 1: Technical Specifications Of The Actiheart 5

    The digital output of this accelerometer is stored using lossless compression in the Actiheart 5. This means that where there is little movement and the signal is very steady, the output will be stored as a long sequence of small values, taking up less space.

  • Page 76: Ecg Specification

    3-axis acceleration waveform that the Actiheart be positioned on the chest so that the sensor is as horizontal as possible. See the Guide to Getting Started for further details on positioning the Actiheart.

  • Page 77: Sensor Calibration And Reproducibility

    Time Keeping The Actiheart time is set by the PC clock and elapsed time is marked in each unit by means of a crystal oscillator. This system is also used when any delays in the starting of recording are set.

  • Page 78: Appendix 2: The Branched Model, Calibration Equations And Other Equations

    Appendix 2: The Branched Model, Calibration Equations and Other Equations Estimating Energy Expenditure (EE) from Activity and Heart Rate Activity monitors use motion sensors (accelerometers) to provide an objective indicator of total body movement. They can be used to assess the frequency, intensity, duration and EE of physical activity.

  • Page 79: The Branched Equation Model For Estimating Aee From Simultaneous Activity And Hr

    an individual, due to physiological variations (stroke volume haemoglobin content etc.). Calibration curves of activity vary due to biomechanical factors and possibly to the activity mode too. It is more economical in terms of participant and researcher workload to use a group regression equation although individualized regression equations are more accurate.
  • Page 80 These have been derived by walking and running on a treadmill in studies conducted with the Actiheart (5) (6) (7) and are included in the Actiheart EE analysis. Actiheart User Manual 5.1.31 (Jun 2022)
  • Page 81 The equations below the flex points are derived using the flex point itself and the regression line above it. The HR is not set to zero at the Flex point as is normal for the reasons mentioned previously. The movement flex point is a relatively new concept (4) which serves to interpolate the intensity curve of activity in the region between rest (0, 0) and the slowest walking speed.
  • Page 82 CHILDREN Based on reference (6) PQ: PAI = 6.1*HRaS – 73.1 - 20.7*male sex +1.4*HRaS*male sex OP gradient = (6.1*23 -73.1 - 20.7*male sex+1.4*23*male sex) / 23 OP: PAI = OP gradient * HRaS HRaS Flex Point HRaS Above equation is based on that in (6) but modified for use with Sleeping HR instead of Resting HR.

  • Page 83: Default Parameter Values For The Branched Model

    Default Parameter Values for the Branched Model. The values below have been validated for walking and running and are believed to be reasonably valid for free living conditions. Formal validation of the values for the latter conditions is in progress. Therefore the values below are subject to minor changes as the branched model evolves and is validated for other activities.

  • Page 84: Activity Only Or Heart Rate Only Mode

    Individual calibration equations may be used in the Actiheart instead of the default group calibration ones. The user may derive these values in the usual way by means of a treadmill test as described previously.

  • Page 85: Customising The Equations And The Model

    Customising the Equations and the Model All of the calibration equations and the discriminants and the weighting factors of the Branched Model are held in a database and can be altered by a user. For a description of how to do this please refer to Chapter 1 of this manual. Branched Model Adjustment in the Presence of...
  • Page 86 Example In an epoch with good HR data which falls into Branch 1 the HR would normally be weighted by 90% and the Activity by 10%. However if the stress factor is set to 0.1 then the HR /Act weighting which is applied will be 10%/90%. In an epoch with recovered data which has a Recovery factor of 25 applied to it the HR would be weighted by 25% and the Activity by 75%.

  • Page 87: Appendix 3: The Schofield Equations

    Appendix 3: The Schofield Equations Schofield Equations Children and Adolescents Male Female <3 0.167W+1517.4H-617.6 16.252W+1023.2H-413.5 3-10 19.59W+130.3H+414.9 16.969W+161.8H+371.2 10-18 16.25W+137.2H+515.5 8.36W+465H+200 Wt = Kg; H = metres; RMR = kcal/day Adults Male Female 18-30 (0.063 x wt) + 2.896 (0.062 x wt) + 2.036 30-60 (0.048 x wt) + 3.653 (0.034 x wt) + 3.538...

  • Page 88: Appendix 4: The Step Test Calculations

    Appendix 4: The Step Test Calculations HR Calibration The built –in step can be used to derive an individual HR calibration equation without needing access to a laboratory and an oxygen analyser. Derivation of the Physical Activity Intensity (PAI) – HR calibration equation is a 4-step process. The recovery HR ...

  • Page 89: Activity Calibration

    *Tanaka H, Monahan KD, Seals DR. Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited. J `Am.Coll.Cardiol. 2001; 37(1):153-56. If individual calibration is based not on Step Test data but on measured HR and VO2 data e.g. in a laboratory the external data can be imported into the Actiheart analysis software. Activity Calibration...

  • Page 90: Appendix 5: Calculation Of Energy Expenditure

    Appendix 5: Calculation of Energy Expenditure Actiheart User Manual 5.1.31 (Jun 2022)

  • Page 91: Appendix 6: Validation Posters

    Appendix 6: Validation Posters The following posters are available from CamNtech, and may be found on the software CD: Søren Brage , Niels Brage , Paul Franks , Ulf Ekelund , Nicholas J Wareham Karsten Froburg Cross Validation of Intensity Prediction equations for treadmill walking and running.

  • Page 92: Appendix 7: Glossary Of Data Export Terms

    Appendix 7: Glossary of Data Export Terms This is a list of terms used in the Actiheart software and the data exports from it, to clarify the meaning of those items. Activity An empirical measure of the amount of movement within an epoch, in ‘counts’...
  • Page 93 Lost Secs This is the total amount of time during an epoch that the Actiheart could not adequately count as beat interval and was instead effectively ‘lost’ for the purposes of measuring heart rate. Max 1 The longest single IBI recorded during an epoch, in milliseconds.
  • Page 94 The maximum oxygen consumption rate of an individual. This is a measure of power output that is estimated by the Actiheart system from a step test, but not a core aim of that test. It is not used for the calculation of energy expenditure in daily living.

  • Page 95: Document Revision History

    01/12/19 Addition of Live Display notes for Step Test and Waveform setup, and flat battery guidance. 5.0.28 5.0.29 31/12/19 Updated CamNtech address, corrected document ref 5.0.29 5.1.11 24/02/20 Updated predicted recording lengths and description after testing of two- week recordings.

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