H3C S9500 Series Operation Manual
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H3C S9500 Series Operation Manual

H3C S9500 Series Operation Manual

Routing switches
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Operation Manual - MSTP
H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches
Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration .................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 MSTP Overview ................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1.1 Introduction to STP ................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1.2 Introduction to MSTP ............................................................................................ 1-11
1.1.3 Protocols and Standards....................................................................................... 1-18
1.2 Configuration Task List .................................................................................................... 1-18
1.3 Configuring the Root Bridge ............................................................................................ 1-19
1.3.1 Configuring an MST Region.................................................................................. 1-19
1.3.2 Specifying the Root Bridge or a Secondary Root Bridge ...................................... 1-21
1.3.3 Configuring the Work Mode of MSTP Device ....................................................... 1-23
1.3.4 Configuring the Priority of the Current Device ...................................................... 1-23
1.3.5 Configuring the Maximum Hops of an MST Region.............................................. 1-24
1.3.6 Configuring the Network Diameter of a Switched Network ................................... 1-25
1.3.7 Configuring Timers of MSTP................................................................................. 1-26
1.3.8 Configuring the Timeout Factor............................................................................. 1-28
1.3.9 Configuring the Maximum Transmission Rate of Ports......................................... 1-28
1.3.10 Configuring Ports as Edge Ports......................................................................... 1-29
1.3.13 Enabling the MSTP Feature................................................................................ 1-33
1.4 Configuring Leaf Nodes ................................................................................................... 1-34
1.4.1 Configuring an MST Region.................................................................................. 1-34
1.4.2 Configuring the Work Mode of MSTP ................................................................... 1-34
1.4.3 Configuring the Timeout Factor............................................................................. 1-34
1.4.4 Configuring the Maximum Transmission Rate of Ports......................................... 1-34
1.4.5 Configuring Ports as Edge Ports........................................................................... 1-34
1.4.6 Configuring Path Costs of Ports............................................................................ 1-34
1.4.7 Configuring Port Priority ........................................................................................ 1-37
1.4.10 Enabling the MSTP Feature................................................................................ 1-38
1.5 Performing mCheck ......................................................................................................... 1-38
1.6 Configuring the VLAN Ignore Feature ............................................................................. 1-39
1.6.1 Introduction to the VLAN Ignore Feature .............................................................. 1-39
1.6.2 Configuration Procedure ....................................................................................... 1-40
1.6.3 Configuration Examples ........................................................................................ 1-40
1.7 Configuring Digest Snooping ........................................................................................... 1-41
1.7.1 Configuration Prerequisites................................................................................... 1-41

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  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Table of Contents Table of Contents Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration ....................1-1 1.1 MSTP Overview ......................... 1-1 1.1.1 Introduction to STP ....................1-1 1.1.2 Introduction to MSTP .................... 1-11 1.1.3 Protocols and Standards..................1-18 1.2 Configuration Task List ....................
  • Page 2 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Table of Contents 1.7.2 Configuration Procedure ..................1-41 1.7.3 Configuration Examples ..................1-43 1.8 Configuring No Agreement Check ................... 1-43 1.8.1 Configuration Prerequisites................... 1-45 1.8.2 Configuration Procedure ..................1-45 1.8.3 Configuration Examples ..................1-45 1.9 Configuring Protection Functions..................

  • Page 3: Chapter 1 Mstp Configuration

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration When configuring MSTP, go to these sections for information you are interested in: MSTP Overview Configuration Task List Configuring the Root Bridge Configuring Leaf Nodes...
  • Page 4 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Configuration BPDUs, used to calculate the spanning tree and maintain the spanning tree topology. Topology change notification (TCN) BPDUs, used to notify concerned devices of network topology changes, if any.
  • Page 5 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Switch A Switch B Switch C Figure 1-1 A schematic diagram of designated bridges and designated ports As shown in Figure 1-1, AP1 and AP2, BP1 and BP2, and CP1 and CP2 are ports on Switch A, Switch B, and Switch C.
  • Page 6 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Designated port ID: formed by designated port priority and port name Message age: age of the configuration BPDU while it is propagating in the network Max age: maximum time that a received configuration BPDU can be maintained...
  • Page 7 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: Rules for configuration BPDU comparison: The configuration BPDU that has the lowest root bridge ID has the highest priority. For configuration BPDUs with the same root bridge ID, they will be compared by their root path costs.
  • Page 8 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Step Description The device compares the calculated configuration BPDU with the configuration BPDU on the port of which the port role is to be defined, and does the following according to the comparison result:...
  • Page 9 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Table 1-4 Initial state of each device Device Port ID BPDU of the port {0, 0, 0, AP1} Switch A {0, 0, 0, AP2} {1, 0, 1, BP1}...
  • Page 10 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration BPDU of the port Device Comparison process after comparison Port BP1 receives a configuration BPDU from Switch A (that is, {0, 0, 0, AP1}). As the received...
  • Page 11 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration BPDU of the port Device Comparison process after comparison Port CP1 receives a configuration BPDU from Switch A (that is, {0, 0, 0, AP2}). As the received...
  • Page 12 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration After the comparison processes described in the table above, a spanning tree with Switch A as the root bridge is stabilized, as shown in Figure 1-3. Figure 1-3 A spanning tree with Switch A as the root bridge...

  • Page 13: Introduction To Mstp

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration However, the newly computed configuration BPDU will not be propagated throughout the network immediately, so the old root ports and designated ports that have not detected the topology change continue forwarding data through the old path. If the new root port and designated port begin to forward data as soon as they are elected, a temporary loop may occur.
  • Page 14 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: In RSTP, a newly elected root port can enter the forwarding state rapidly if this condition is met: The old root port on the device has stopped forwarding data and the upstream designated port has started forwarding data.
  • Page 15 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Figure 1-4 Basic concepts in MSTP MST region An MST region is composed of multiple devices in a switched network and network segments among them. These devices have the following characteristics: All are MSTP-enabled.
  • Page 16 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: Multiple MST regions can exist in a switched network. You can use an MSTP command to group multiple devices to the same MST region. VLAN-to-MSTI mapping table As an attribute of an MST region, the VLAN-to-MSTI mapping table describes the mapping relationships between VLANs and MSTIs.
  • Page 17 Note: Currently, the S9500 series routing switches are not capable of recognizing boundary ports. When an S9500 series routing switch is connected to a third party’s device that supports boundary port recognition, the third party’s device may malfunction in recognizing a boundary port.
  • Page 18 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Figure 1-5 Port roles Figure 1-5, Devices A, B, C, and D constitute an MST region. Port 1 and port 2 of device A connect to the common root bridge.
  • Page 19 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Root Role Designated Alternate port/Master Backup port port port State port Discarding √ √ √ √ III. How MSTP works MSTP divides an entire Layer 2 network into multiple MST regions, which are interconnected by a computed CST.

  • Page 20: Protocols And Standards

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration TC-BPDU guard Support for hot swapping of interface cards and active/standby changeover. 1.1.3 Protocols and Standards MSTP is documented in: IEEE 802.1D: Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE 802.1w: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE 802.1s: Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...

  • Page 21: Configuring The Root Bridge

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Task Remarks Configuring an MST Region Required Configuring the Work Mode of MSTP Device Optional Configuring the Timeout Factor Optional Configuring the Maximum Transmission Rate of Ports...
  • Page 22 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter MST region view — stp region-configuration Optional Configure the MST region By default, the name of an...

  • Page 23: Specifying The Root Bridge Or A Secondary Root Bridge

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration II. Configuration example # Configure the MST region name to be info, the MSTP revision level to be 1, and VLAN 2 through VLAN 10 to be mapped to instance 1, and VLAN 20 through VLAN 30 to instance 2.
  • Page 24 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note that: Upon specifying the current device as the root bridge or a secondary root bridge, you cannot change the priority of the device. You can configure the current device as the root bridge or a secondary root bridge of an MSTI, which is specified by instance instance-id in the command.

  • Page 25: Configuring The Work Mode Of Mstp Device

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.3.3 Configuring the Work Mode of MSTP Device MSTP and RSTP can recognize each other’s protocol packets, so they are mutually compatible. However, STP is unable to recognize MSTP packets. For hybrid...

  • Page 26: Configuring The Maximum Hops Of An Mst Region

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Optional Configure the priority of stp [ instance instance-id ] the current device priority priority 32768 by default...

  • Page 27: Configuring The Network Diameter Of A Switched Network

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Optional Configure the maximum stp max-hops hops hops of the MST region 20 by default Note: A larger maximum hops setting means a larger size of the MST region.

  • Page 28: Configuring Timers Of Mstp

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: Network diameter is a parameter that indicates network size. A bigger network diameter represents a larger network size. Based on the network diameter you configured, MSTP automatically sets an optimal hello time, forward delay, and max age for the device.
  • Page 29 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Caution: The length of the forward delay time is related to the network diameter of the switched network. Typically, the larger the network diameter is, the longer the forward delay time should be.

  • Page 30: Configuring The Timeout Factor

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.3.8 Configuring the Timeout Factor After the network topology becomes stabilized, each non-root-bridge device forwards configuration BPDUs to the adjacent devices at the interval of hello time to check for faulty links.

  • Page 31: Configuring Ports As Edge Ports

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter User either command Ethernet interface interface-type Configured in Ethernet Enter interface interface-number interface view, the setting...

  • Page 32: Configuring Whether Ports Connect To Point-To-Point Links

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration I. Configuration procedure Following these steps to specify a port or a group of ports as edge port(s): To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view —...

  • Page 33: Configuring The Mode A Port Uses To Recognize/Send Mstp Packets

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter User either command interface interface-type Ethernet Configured in Ethernet Enter interface-number interface view interface view, the setting...
  • Page 34 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration packet format to be used by a port. After the configuration, when working in MSTP mode, the port sends and receives only MSTP packets in the configured format to communicate with devices that adopt the same format.

  • Page 35: Enabling The Mstp Feature

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.3.13 Enabling the MSTP Feature I. Configuration procedure Follow these steps to enable the MSTP feature: To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view...

  • Page 36: Configuring Leaf Nodes

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.4 Configuring Leaf Nodes Perform the following configurations for a device operating as a leaf node. 1.4.1 Configuring an MST Region Refer to section Configuring an MST Region.
  • Page 37 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Specify a standard for the Optional device to use when stp pathcost-standard The device uses the...
  • Page 38 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: In the calculation of the path cost value of an aggregated link, 802.1D-1998 does not take into account the number of ports in the aggregated link. Whereas, 802.1T takes the number of ports in the aggregated link into account.

  • Page 39: Configuring Port Priority

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration IV. Configuration example II # Configure MSTP to automatically calculate the path cost of Ethernet 1/1/1 based on the IEEE 802.1D-1998 standard. <Sysname> system-view [Sysname] interface ethernet 1/1/1...

  • Page 40: Configuring Whether Ports Connect To Point-To-Point Links

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: When the priority of a port is changed, MSTP will re-compute the role of the port and initiate a state transition. Generally, a lower configured value priority indicates a higher priority of the port. If you configure the same priority value for all the Ethernet ports on the a device, the specific priority of a port depends on the index number of that port.

  • Page 41: Configuring The Vlan Ignore Feature

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration MSTP has been configured to operate in MSTP mode or RSTP-compatible mode. II. Perform global mCheck Follow these steps to perform global mCheck: To do... Use the command...

  • Page 42: Configuration Procedure

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Figure 1-6 VLAN connectivity blocked by MSTP As shown in Figure 1-6, port A on Switch A allows VLAN 1 to pass, C allows VLAN 2 to pass;...

  • Page 43: Configuring Digest Snooping

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration II. Network diagram Figure 1-7 Network diagram for VLAN Ignore configuration III. Configuration procedure Enable VLAN Ignore on Switch B. # Enable VLAN Ignore on VLAN 2.
  • Page 44 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter Ethernet interface interface-type Enter interface interface-number Ethernet view interface or Choose either port group port-group { manual...

  • Page 45: Configuration Examples

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.7.3 Configuration Examples I. Network requirements Switch A and Switch B connect to a third-party’s device and all the devices are in the same region. Enable Digest Snooping on Switch A and Switch B so that the three devices can communicate with one another.
  • Page 46 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Both RSTP and MSTP switches can perform rapid transition operation on a designated port only when the port receives an agreement packet from the downstream switch. The differences between RSTP and MSTP switches are: For MSTP, the downstream device’s root port sends an agreement packet only...

  • Page 47: Configuration Prerequisites

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration In this case, you can enable the No Agreement Check feature on the downstream device’s port to perform rapid state transition. 1.8.1 Configuration Prerequisites A device is the upstream one that is connected to another vendor’s MSTP supported device via a point-to-point link.

  • Page 48: Configuring Protection Functions

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration II. Network diagram Figure 1-11 No Agreement Check configuration III. Configuration procedure # Enable No Agreement Check on Ethernet 1/1/2 of Switch A. <Sysname> system-view [Sysname] interface ethernet 1/1/2 [Sysname-Ethernet1/1/2] stp no-agreement-check 1.9 Configuring Protection Functions...
  • Page 49 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration ports are not supposed to receive configuration BPDUs. However, if someone forges configuration BPDUs maliciously to attack the devices, network may become instable. MSTP provides the BPDU guard function to protect the system against such attacks.

  • Page 50: Configuration Prerequisites

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration A device removes the corresponding forwarding entries upon receiving a TC-BPDU (a PDU notifying of a topology change). If a malicious user forges large amount of TC-BPDUs and sends them to a device in a short period, the device may be busy removing the forwarding entries, decreasing the performance of the switch and introducing potential stability risks.

  • Page 51: Enabling The Root Guard Function

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.9.3 Enabling the Root Guard Function Note: We recommend that you enable the root guard function. I. Configuration procedure Follow these steps to enable the root guard function: To do...

  • Page 52: Enabling The Tc-Bpdu Attack Guard Function

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter User either command Ethernet interface interface-type Configured in Ethernet interface Enter interface-number interface view, the...

  • Page 53: Displaying And Maintaining Mstp

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.10 Displaying and Maintaining MSTP To do... Use the command... Remarks View the MSTP status display stp [ instance Available in any information and statistics instance-id ] [ interface...
  • Page 54 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: “Permit:” beside each link in the figure is followed by the VLANs the packets of which are permitted to pass this link. III. Configuration procedure Configuration on Switch A # Configure an MST region.
  • Page 55 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration [SysnameB-mst-region] region-name example [SysnameB-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 [SysnameB-mst-region] instance 3 vlan 30 [SysnameB-mst-region] instance 4 vlan 40 [SysnameB-mst-region] revision-level 0 # Activate MST region configuration manually.
  • Page 56 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration [SysnameC] stp enable # View the MST region configuration information that has taken effect. [SysnameC] display stp region-configuration Oper configuration Format selector Region name :example Revision level...

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