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3 Installation
General
The installation must only be carried out by competent
personnel.
The supplied material is the minimum that is required
for use with normal installations, in special cases it may
need to be supplemented. If unsure, contact the sup-
plier. Before the installation and commissioning of the
solar panel system, information on the applicable
norms and regulations must be obtained. Only author-
ised installers may carry out installation of the solar
panels, and give notification to the mains electricity
provider. Note that the installation may not be put into
operation before the mains electricity provider has
given approval.
NOTE
Installation of a solar panel is an extensive in-
tervention on an existing roof. The roof cover-
ing, particularly on converted and inhabited
loft spaces or where the roof's minimum angle
is undersized (relative to the covering), may
require further measures against moisture
because of wind pressure and drifting snow,
this must be evaluated by the installer on a
case to case basis. The roof design must be
able to handle the wind and snow loading that
can occur in the region.
Static load
The installation may only be carried out on roof surfaces
or support constructions with sufficient carrying capa-
city and strength. The static load capacity of the roof
and roof construction must if necessary be examined
before the solar panels are installed. Great importance
should be placed on the condition of wood roof struc-
tures and the potential of screwing the mounting
devices for the solar panels to the structure. The roof
construction must be reinforced if necessary. Inspection
of the whole solar panel installation in accordance with
DIN 1055 part 4 and 5, or in accordance with country
specific regulations is required, in particular, in areas
with snow fall and strong winds. The characteristics of
the installation's location (prevailing wind direction,
whirl winds etc.) must also be included in the calcula-
tion/evaluation of whether these could mean increased
loads. The solar panels must be installed so that snow
drifts from snow guards or caused by special conditions
in the installation location cannot occur in the vicinity
of the solar panels.
The distance from the outer edge of the roof must be
at least 1 m at the sides of roofs and 0.2 m at ridges
and eaves, this is to reduce the risk of the wind ripping
the solar panels off.
The installation system according to DIN 1055 part 5
for snow zone II is intended for use up to 400 m above
sea level. If the installation is made on a tiled roof, it is
recommended that the snow is cleared if it reaches a
depth of more than 30 cm on the solar panels (NOTE!
If the snow has melted, been packed down and then
more snow has fallen and so the density has increased,
the snow may need to be cleared - even though it is
not 30 cm deep.)
8
Chapter 3 |
Installation
If there is a risk that the snow will slide down onto the
panels and in particular behind the rear of raised pan-
els, snow guards must be installed to prevent this.
Ensure that the material under roofs with roof tiles is
sufficiently stable to support the roof mounting points.
Otherwise the roof must be reinforced. The installer
must evaluate this and make a decision, if uncertain a
structural engineer should be consulted. We recom-
mend that the roof tiles are cut down so that there are
no point loads between the roof and the roof brackets.
The minimum distance between roof tiles at overlap
points and the underside of the brackets is 3 mm, this
is in order to allow for any movements in the mounting
system in reaction to the loads that occur.
Lightning protection
If external lightning protection is installed, the solar
panels and the roof structure must be integrated so
that the solar panel field is protected from a direct
lightning strike. The combined solar panel area must
be located within the protective area provided by the
lightning protection. A safety distance of 0.5 m in all
directions from the solar panels to the periphery of the
protected area must be observed.
Safety instructions
Applicable safety regulations for working on roofs
■
and similar constructions must be followed.
Barriers to protect against falling parts must be in-
■
stalled. This is particularly important for high build-
ings and locations where a lot of people pass below
the roof/under the building.
Personal safety equipment or scaffolding must be
■
used when working on roofs, according to the applic-
able.regulations.
Adequate measures must be taken during the install-
■
ation so that the solar panel does not come loose
and fall.
Observe the safety distance to the current conducting
■
cables.
PV Solar package
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