Appendices; About Midi - Korg Electribe EM-1 Owner's Manual

7. Appendices

About MIDI

1. MIDI channels
Similarly to a television, data can be received when the chan-
nel of the receiving device matches the channel on which the
data is being transmitted.
On the EM-1, the transmit/receive channels for synth part 1,
synth part 2, and all drum parts are set by the MIDI ch pa-
rameter of Global mode.
2. Note-on/off
When you strike a drum part key, the note number assigned
to that drum part key will be transmitted on the specified MIDI
channel. When you play the step keys using the keyboard func-
tion, a note-on message [9n, kk, vv] (n: channel, kk: note num-
ber, vv: velocity) will be transmitted on the MIDI channel speci-
fied for the part, with the note number assigned to each step
key, and a velocity corresponding to the force with which you
pressed the step key.
On the EM-1, the vv: velocity value is determined by the Ac-
cent level. When you release a pad, a note-off message [8n, kk,
vv] is transmitted. However, most devices do not transmit
note-off velocity, and neither does the EM-1. When note-on/
off messages for a note number assigned to a part are received,
that part will sound.
3. Switching patterns
When you switch patterns, Program Change and Bank Select
messages [Bn, 00, mm] (control change #00), [Bn, 20, bb] (con-
trol change #32) (mm: bank number upper byte, bb: bank num-
ber lower byte, together allowing 16,384 banks to be selected)
will be transmitted.
If a Program Change is received on the MIDI channel of the
EM-1, patterns will be switched within the same group (e.g.,
from A.01 to b.64). After a Bank Select has been received, the
next-received Program Change will be able to switch to a pat-
tern of a different group (e.g., from A.01 to C.01).
Transmission and reception of Program Change messages can
be controlled by the Global mode MIDI Filter setting.
Bank Select
Program Change
MSB LSB
00 00 0...127
00 01 0...127
4 Applying pitch bend
The EM-1 does not transmit pitch bend messages [En, vv, vv]
(vv, vv: lower and upper places of the value, together express-
ing a range of 16384 steps where 8192 [vv, vv=00H, 40H] is the
center value). However when the EM-1 receives pitch bend
messages, a pitch bend effect will be applied to the synth parts.
The range of the pitch bend can be specified by editing the
Global mode Pitch Bend Range parameter.
Pattern number
A.01...b.64
C.01...d.64
5. Using NRPN messages to edit
NRPN (Non-Registered Parameter Number) is a category of
messages for which each manufacturer is free to assign a func-
tion to a parameter number and use it as desired. NRPN mes-
sages are assigned to each knob and key of the EM-1's
Effect/Delay section (except for Delay Edit). To edit, first use
NRPN (LSB) [Bn, 62, rr] and NRPN (MSB) [Bn, 63, mm] (con-
trol change #98 and 99) (rr, mm: lower and upper bytes of the
parameter no.) to select the parameter. Then transmit Data
Entry (MSB) [Bn, 06, mm] and Data Entry (LSB) [Bn, 26, vv]
(control change #06 and 38) (mm, vv: upper and lower bytes
of the value, together expressing 16,384 steps) to set the value.
The EM-1 uses only the MSB value (128 steps) of the Data Entry
message.
6. If "stuck notes" occur
If for some reason a note fails to stop sounding, you can usu-
ally switch modes to stop the sound. If a note played via MIDI
fails to stop, you can simultaneously press the Shift key and
the Stop/Cancel key to perform a MIDI Reset.
7. About synchronization
Two or more sequencers can be connected via MIDI and made to
playback in synchronization. Messages used for synchronization
(realtime messages) include Timing Clock [F8], Start [FA], Con-
tinue [FB], and Stop [FC]. In a synchronized system, one synthe-
sizer (the master) will transmit these messages, and the other
sequencer(s) (the slave(s)) will receive these messages. The slave
devices will playback according to the tempo specified by the
Timing Clock messages transmitted by the master. Twenty-four
Timing Clock messages are transmitted for each quarter note.
When the EM-1's Global mode parameter Clock is set to INT, it
will be the master device, and will transmit these realtime mes-
sages. When Clock is set to EXT, it will be the slave device, and
will receive these realtime messages. However even when Clock
is set to EXT, the EM-1 will operate according to its own internal
clock if no Timing Clock messages are being received. The Start
message specifies when playback will begin. When the Start/
Pause key is pressed on the master device, it will transmit a Start
message. Slave devices that receive this Start message will syn-
chronize to the Timing Clock messages subsequently received,
and will begin playback from the beginning. If the Start/Pause
key is pressed on the master devices when it is paused, the mas-
ter will transmit a Continue message. When a slave device re-
ceives the Continue message, it will resume playback from the
point where it is currently stopped. If the Stop key is pressed
during playback, the master will transmit a Stop message. Slave
devices will stop playback when they receive a Stop message.
8. Synchronization in Song mode
In Song mode, the EM-1 can transmit and receive Song Select
and Song Position Pointer messages. When you switch songs,
a Song Select [F3 ss] message will be transmitted (ss: song num-
ber, where one of 128 songs can be selected. On the EM-1 you
can select 16 songs.) If the EM-1 receives a Song Select mes-
sage in Song mode, it will switch songs. Transmission and re-
ception of Song Select messages can be restricted by the MIDI
Filter settings of Global mode. If you change the current posi-
tion on the master device (i.e., the device whose Clock is set to
INT) when the song is stopped, a Song Position Pointer mes-
sage [F2 pp pp] will be transmitted. (pp: the number of MIDI
beats from the beginning of the song; i.e., the number of Tim-
ing Clocks divided by six.)
7.Data
49