Hammond Sk PRO Manual
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Hammond Sk PRO Manual

Organ voice section
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ORGAN
VOICE
SECTION

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  • Page 1 ORGAN VOICE SECTION...
  • Page 2 Drawbars, sometimes called Tonebars, are the heart and basis of the renowned Hammond Sound and have been used since the first Hammond Organ Model A introduced in 1935. An explanation of how to use these Drawbars is given later in this chapter of the Guide.
  • Page 3 ORGAN Voice Section DRAWBAR SELECT buttons These buttons allow you to use the Drawbars to control sounds for UPPER. LOWER and PEDAL Parts. If an LED above a button is lit, the Drawbars will control the tones represented by that button. Using the DRAWBAR SELECT buttons The following examples are designed to acquaint you with the DRAWBAR SELECT buttons.

  • Page 4: Please Read

    Hammond Organs with two manuals and pedals, there are two Drawbars for controlling the Pedal tones - one at “16'" pitch and the other at “8'” pitch. The SK PRO recreates this by using the Sub- Fundamental Drawbar (marked “16'”) and the Fundamental Drawbar (marked “8'”) to control the Pedal...
  • Page 5 ORGAN Voice Section PATCH EDIT - ORGAN This FUNCTION Mode Menu allows you to make various changes to the characteristics of the ORGAN Voice Section. Accessing the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode using the MENU/EXIT button: From any of the PLAY Mode screens, press the MENU/EXIT button to see the PATCH EDIT screen.
  • Page 6 ORGAN Voice Section Accessing the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode using a Shortcut: Press the UPPER and PEDAL DRAWBAR buttons together. Accessing the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode via the APP MENU: From any of the PLAY Mode screens, Press and Hold the MANUAL “ ” button. The Information Center Display should now look like this: The box “EDIT COMBINATION”...

  • Page 7: General Parameters

    ORGAN Voice Section Press the ENTER button. The Information Center Display should now look like this: You are now in the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode. You may now use the DIRECTION and PAGE buttons in conjunction with the VALUE knob to make various changes to the characteristics of the Drawbars.
  • Page 8 ORGAN Voice Section LOUDNESS This Parameter allows you to adjust the maximum level of the selected ORGAN Patch. Turn the VALUE knob to the right to increase the overall volume of the ORGAN Patch. Turn the VALUE knob to the left to decrease the overall volume of the ORGAN Patch. NOTE: The Loudness Parameter serves to set the maximum volume of the selected ORGAN Patch and works independently of the ORGAN VOLUME knob.
  • Page 9 ORGAN Voice Section PITCH BEND - MINUS DEPTH From the screen shown at the bottom of the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button. The Information Center Display should now look like this: The box to the right of “RANGE DOWN” should be highlighted. This Parameter allows you to set the amount by which the pitch will bend down using the Pitch Bend Wheel for the ORGAN Voice Section.

  • Page 10: Drawbar Registration

    ORGAN Voice Section DRAWBARS Parameters From the screen shown on the previous page, press the PAGE “ ” button. The Information Center Display should now look like this: This FUNCTION Mode Page allows you to: See the current Drawbar registration for the currently selected ORGAN Patch. Select the Organ Type for the UPPER and LOWER Parts.
  • Page 11 NOTE: The A-100, B-3 and C-3 Organ Types are traditional Tone-Wheel™ settings modeled from vintage Hammond Organs. You can customize each one of these Organ Types to your liking. This is explained in the CUSTOM TONE WHEEL section of this chapter of the Guide.
  • Page 12 WHAT IS “KEY CLICK?” On a tone-wheel Hammond Organ, each time a key is depressed with an active Drawbar registration, a Key Click (or Key Pop) is heard just before the note sounds. This is because, unlike other electrical or electronic musical instruments, the sound is always present at the key contacts.
  • Page 13 This Parameter allows you to adjust the total volume of the Leakage tone. WHAT IS “LEAKAGE?” In a vintage Hammond Organ, each tone-wheel rotates next to a magnet. These are mounted in separate bins to isolate them from each other and prevent the magnets from intercepting frequencies from neighboring wheels;...

  • Page 14: Pedal Type

    ORGAN Voice Section PEDAL TYPE From the screen at the bottom of the previous page, use the PAGE “ ” and DIRECTION buttons to move the cursor to the right side of the display so the Information Center Display looks like this: The box to the right of “TYPE”...
  • Page 15 ORGAN Voice Section PEDAL ATTACK & RELEASE ENVELOPE From the screen shown on the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button. The box to the right of “ENVELOPE” should be highlighted. This Parameter allows you to adjust the rate of Attack (when a pedal is depressed) and Release (when the pedal is released).
  • Page 16 ORGAN Voice Section PEDAL REGISTRATION From the screen shown on the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button. The box to the right of “PEDAL REG.” should be highlighted. This Parameter allows you to select the Custom Pedal Registration that you prefer. There are three Factory (“F”) registrations - F1, F2 and F3.
  • Page 17 ORGAN Voice Section CONTACTS OF A TONE-WHEEL ORGAN & VIRTUAL MULTI-CONTACTS As explained in the CUSTOM SETS chapter of this Guide, the basis for the “Hammond Sound” is the tone- or phonic-wheel generator. When a key is pressed on a tone-wheel Hammond Organ, it closes 9 small electrical switch contacts. These 9 contacts represent the 9 pitches provided by the Drawbars - the fundamental tone plus eight harmonics.

  • Page 18: Offset Time

    ORGAN Voice Section OFFSET TIME This Parameter allows you to control the amount of time the Virtual Multi-Contacts will take to make full contact after a key is depressed. You can select from -64 to +63 as well as 0. A higher value causes a longer Attack time and a shorter Release time.
  • Page 19 ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown at the bottom of the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button once. The box to the right of “MODE” should be highlighted. MODE This Parameter allows you to select how the VMC’s (Virtual Multi Contacts) will sound when keys are depressed.
  • Page 20 This characteristic can br highly variable from one vintage Hammond Organ to another, and the effect can be different on different organs built during different time periods and using components of slightly different values. These Parameter settings allow you to replicate the idiosyncrasies of different instruments.
  • Page 21 ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown on the previous page, use the PAGE “ ” and DIRECTION buttons to move the cursor to the right side of the display so the Information Center Display looks like this: The box to the right of “SUS UPPER” should be highlighted. SUSTAIN UPPER ON / OFF This Parameter allows you to turn Sustain “ON”...
  • Page 22 ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown at the bottom of the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button once. The box to the right of “SUS LOWER” should be highlighted. SUSTAIN LOWER ON / OFF This Parameter allows you to turn Sustain “ON” or “OFF” on the LOWER Part. Turn the VALUE knob to turn LOWER Sustain “ON”...

  • Page 23: Vibrato & Chorus

    (B-2, B-3, etc.) consist of two tilt tablets and a six-position rotary Rotary Control to the left of the Drawbars. The SK PRO uses a similar arrangement, except that it uses buttons instead of tilting tablets, and instead of a rotary Rotary Control there is a MODE button which accesses the same six...
  • Page 24 To turn the Vibrato or Chorus effect "ON" on the the Swell Manual of a vintage B-3 / C-3, press the UPPER Part of the SK PRO, press the UPPER button top of the VIBRATO SWELL tilt tab. "ON" (LED lit).
  • Page 25 ORGAN Voice Section Amount of Vibrato and Chorus To select the amount of Vibrato or Chorus, press the MODE button repeatedly until the orange LED next to the desired effect and amount lights. Each successive button press will rotate the LED’s clockwise. Vibrato V-1 (Small Vibrato) To select vibrato depth V-1, press the MODE button orange LED next to the legend, “V-1"...
  • Page 26 ORGAN Voice Section Chorus When the CHORUS effect is used, half of the tone is heard without Vibrato, and half of the tone is heard with Vibrato. C-1 (Small Chorus) To select chorus depth C-1, press the MODE button so that the orange LED next to the legend, “C-1"...
  • Page 27 ORGAN Voice Section VIBRATO & CHORUS FUNCTION Mode Page You can adjust the Vibrato & Chorus of the Tone Wheel Organs, Vibrato for the Transistor Organs, and Tremulant for the Pipe Organ from the VIBRATO & CHORUS FUNCTION MODE Page. Accessing the VIBRATO &...
  • Page 28 ORGAN Voice Section Press the PAGE “ ” button four times. The Information Center Display should now look like this: Accessing the VIBRATO & CHORUS FUNCTION MODE Page using the Shortcut: Press and hold any of the three VIBRATO & CHORUS buttons (UPPER, LOWER or MODE). After approximately 1 second, you will see the screen shown above.
  • Page 29 In this screen, the box to the right of “TYPE” should be highlighted. TYPE Hammond tone-wheel organs with Vibrato & Chorus were manufactured from 1949 through 1975. During that time, several different types of vibrato circuits were employed, particularly line boxes of different construction.
  • Page 30 This Parameter allows you to select whether you want Vibrato to also affect the Pedal Drawbar tones when the VIBRATO LOWER Press Tab is “ON.” This replicates the Vibrato function on a vintage Hammond Organ. Turn the VALUE knob to turn Vibrato On or Off for the Pedal Drawbar tones.
  • Page 31 ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown at the bottom of the previous page, use the DIRECTION buttons to move the cursor to the right side of the display so the Information Center Display looks like this: The box to the right of “RATE” should be highlighted. TR.ORGAN (Transistor Organ) RATE This Parameter allows you to adjust the Vibrato Rate for the Transistor Organs (Farf, Vx and Ace).
  • Page 32 Drawbars. Doing this imparts some unique characteristics to the sound which are part of the tonal characteristics of a Hammond tone-wheel organ such as the B-3. This feature reproduces these characteristics digitally.

  • Page 33: Drive Level

    ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown at the bottom of the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button once. The box to the right of “DRIVE LEVEL” should be highlighted. DRIVE LEVEL This Parameter allows you to set the saturation level of the Matching Transformer. You can select from 0 to 127.
  • Page 34 Hysteresis refers to the fact that all of the values of a given event can change at different rates (see the illustration below). In the case of a Hammond Organ, as discussed previously, each Drawbar has 8 degrees of volume. When a Drawbar is moved, not only the volume but the sound quality changes because of the artifacts introduced by the Matching Transformer.
  • Page 35 ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown at the bottom of the previous page, use the PAGE “ ” and DIRECTION buttons to move the cursor to the right side of the display so the Information Center Display looks like this: The box to the right of “ORGAN.UPPER”...
  • Page 36 ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown at the bottom of the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button once. The box to the right of “ORGAN.LOWER” should be highlighted. DEPTH - ORGAN LOWER This Parameter allows you to set the amount of the Matching Transformer modeling for the UPPER ORGAN Part.
  • Page 37 Speaker cabinet. In addition, the SK PRO can also be used with a variety of different Leslie Speaker cabinets. There is a full explanation of how to use the SK PRO with a Leslie Speaker cabinet starting on page 20.
  • Page 38 ORGAN Voice Section What Are “Horn” and “Bass?” The basic Leslie Speaker design, as represented by the 122 and 147 families of cabinets, divides the sound between “treble” (above 800Hz) and “bass” (below 800Hz). The treble frequencies are routed to a treble speaker or “driver,”...
  • Page 39 Pressing the BYPASS Press Tab "ON" (LED lit) will change the sounds produced by the Drawbars from the Leslie channel to the stationary channel. The effect is similar to the sound produced by a vintage Hammond Organ being played through a Hammond speaker cabinet.
  • Page 40 ORGAN Voice Section LESLIE Parameters You can select the LESLIE Parameters for the ORGAN Voice Section from the LESLIE FUNCTION MODE Page. Accessing the LESLIE FUNCTION Mode Page using the MENU/EXIT button: From any of the PLAY Mode screens, press the MENU/EXIT button once. The Information Center Display should now look like this: The “COMBINATION”...
  • Page 41 ORGAN Voice Section Press the PAGE “ ” button six times. The Information Center Display should now look like this: Accessing the LESLIE FUNCTION MODE Page using the Shortcut: Press and hold any of the three LESLIE buttons (BYPASS, STOP or FAST). After approximately 1 second, you will see the screen shown above.
  • Page 42 ORGAN Voice Section In this screen, the box to the right of “LESLIE ON REV” should be highlighted. LESLIE ON REVERB When an audio signal containing Reverb is sent to a Leslie Cabinet, the Reverb is modulated along with the main signal.
  • Page 43 ORGAN Voice Section From the screen shown on the previous page, press the DIRECTION “ ” button once. The box to the right of “CABINET” should be highlighted. CUSTOM CABINET This allows you to select a Custom Leslie Cabinet. Turn the VALUE knob to make your selection. NOTE: Please consult the CUSTOM SETS chapter of this Guide for complete information about Custom Leslie Cabinets.
  • Page 44 ORGAN Voice Section MULTI EFFECT 1&2, OVERDRIVE and EQUALIZER From the screen shown on the previous page, you can use the PAGE “ ” and “ ” buttons to move back and forth among the four remaining ORGAN FUNCTION Mode Pages. IMPORTANT NOTE: These FUNCTION Mode Pages are covered in the MULTI EFFECT / OVERDRIVE / EQUALIZER chapter of this Guide since each Voice Section has these Parameters.
  • Page 45 ORGAN Voice Section ORGAN TYPES In addition to traditional Hammond Drawbar tones, the Drawbars on the SK PRO can control a number of models of Combo Organs as well as different types of Pipe Organs. This Parameter allows you to select which type of organ sounds you want the Drawbars to control.
  • Page 46 You can now use the VALUE knob to select what type of organ sound will be associated with the Drawbars. The first four Drawbar Organ Types are traditional vintage Hammond settings. However, the last four Organ Types allow you to use the Drawbars to register other types of organ sounds. The Organ Types are explained starting below.

  • Page 47: Sound Groups

    ORGAN Voice Section Drawbars are divided into 3 groups of sound as well as 3 groups of color. We will first look at the 3 sound groups. Sound Groups You may think of these sound groups in terms of the three levels - The Sub being the deep pitches, the Foundation being the mid range of pitches and the Brilliance being the high pitches.

  • Page 48: Color Groups

    As you add each Drawbar, you will hear the addition of the same note an octave higher in each case. Black Drawbars The Black Drawbars on the Hammond Organ represent the dissonant (discordant) harmonics which are also necessary in building rich tone colors. The mellowness of a horn, the...

  • Page 49: Brown Drawbars

    With the Hammond Organ Drawbars, a Press of a finger is all that is needed to make the tone quality softer or more brilliant, richer in one harmonic or another.
  • Page 50 ORGAN Voice Section Typical Drawbar Registration Patterns For The Four Families Of Organ Sound Flute family (2 step pattern) Flute Tones Accompaniment Flute 8' I 00 8460 000 Accompaniment Flute 8' II 00 3220 000 Accompaniment Flute 8' III 00 8600 000 Chorus of Flutes 16' 80 8605 002 Orchestral Flute 8'...
  • Page 51 ORGAN Voice Section Diapason family (check mark pattern) Diapason Tones Accompaniment Diapason 8' 00 8874 210 Chorus Diapason 8' 00 8686 310 Diapason 8' 00 7785 321 Echo Diapason 8' 00 4434 210 Harmonic Diapason 16' 85 8524 100 Harmonic Diapason 8' 00 8877 760 Harmonic Diapason 4' 00 0606 045...
  • Page 52 There are many Drawbar combination which are not imitative of any instrument, but which are immediately recognized as "Hammond Sounds.” The basic Hammond Organ jazz sound is obtained with the first three Drawbars, such as 88 8000 000. When the last white Drawbar is used along with the first three Drawbars, a very pleasing effect is created.
  • Page 53 ORGAN Voice Section Organ Type - Vx The Vx Drawbar Organ Type allows you to use the Drawbars to register the sound of a vintage British combo organ. TRY THIS: If you have not already done so, access the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode. The quickest way to do this is to use the Shortcut shown below: Press the PAGE “...
  • Page 54 The type of combo organ replicated by “Vx” mode had drawbar-type controls, but they functioned differently from Hammond Harmonic Drawbars. The first four Drawbars control individual pitches, while the next three are “Mixture” Drawbars which cause multiple pitches to sound. “II,” “III” and “IV”...
  • Page 55 ORGAN Voice Section Organ Type - Farf The Farf Drawbar Organ Type allows you to use the Drawbars to register the sound of a vintage Italian combo organ. TRY THIS: If you have not already done so, access the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode. The quickest way to do this is to use the Shortcut shown below: Press the PAGE “...
  • Page 56 The above configuration follows the layout of the “Combo Compact” series of combo organ, which used rocker-type tilt tablets rather than Drawbars to turn voices “on” and “off.” On the SK PRO, the Drawbars are used to control the same sounds. To replicate the effect of tablets, simply pull the Drawbar(s) representing the tone(s) you want “out”...
  • Page 57 ORGAN Voice Section Organ Type - Ace The Ace Drawbar Organ Type allows you to use the Drawbars to register the sound of a vintage Japanese combo organ. TRY THIS: If you have not already done so, access the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode. The quickest way to do this is to use the Shortcut shown below: Press the PAGE “...
  • Page 58 The above configuration follows the layout of the “TOP7” combo organ, which used rocker-type tilt tablets rather than Drawbars to turn voices “on” and “off.” On the SK PRO, the Drawbars are used to control the same sounds. To replicate the effect of tablets, simply pull the Drawbar(s) representing the tone(s) you want “out”...
  • Page 59 ORGAN Voice Section Organ Type - Pipe The Pipe Drawbar Organ Type allows you to use the Drawbars to register authentic classical pipe organ tones. The Pipe Organ Type contains three (3) Custom Sets - Classic, Theatre 1 and Theatre 2. The following pages show how the Pipe Voices are allocated to the Drawbars for each Custom Set.
  • Page 60 ORGAN Voice Section Turn the VALUE knob so the Information Center Display shows the following: You may now use the Drawbars to control the voices of a classical pipe organ. The figure below shows how the Drawbars are allocated in this mode. F1 - Classic: IMPORTANT NOTE: When “Pipe”...
  • Page 61 ORGAN Voice Section Organ Type - “Pipe” (Theatre) This Organ Type allows you to use the Drawbars to register authentic theatre pipe organ tones. TRY THIS: If you have not already done so, access the PATCH EDIT - ORGAN FUNCTION Mode. The quickest way to do this is to use the Shortcut shown below: Press the PAGE “...
  • Page 62 ORGAN Voice Section Press the DIRECTION “ ” button three times. The box to the right of “SET” should be highlighted. Turn the VALUE knob so that “F2" displays in the box to the right of “SET.” You may now use the Drawbars to control the voices of a theatre or “cinema” pipe organ. Use the VALUE knob to select F2 Theatre 1 or F3 Theatre 2.
  • Page 63 ORGAN Voice Section F2 - Theatre 1: F3 - Theatre 2: IMPORTANT NOTE: When “Pipe” mode is activated, the Drawbars will function similar to the stop tablets on a theatre pipe organ - pulling a Drawbar “out” will turn the associated Pipe Voice “ON” while pushing the Drawbar “in”...
  • Page 64 *** THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK TO PRESERVE PAGE FORMATTING ***...

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