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Glossary
This glossary includes terms and definitions from:
v American National Standard Dictionary for
Information Systems, ANSI X3.172-1990,
copyright 1990 by the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI). Copies may be
purchased from the American National
Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New
York, New York 10036. Definitions are identified
by the symbol (A) after the definition.
v The Information Technology Vocabulary,
developed by Subcommittee 1, Joint Technical
Committee 1, of the International Organization
for Standardization and the International
Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC
JTC1/SC1). Definitions of published parts of this
vocabulary are identified by the symbol (I) after
the definition; definitions taken from draft
international standards, committee drafts, and
working papers being developed by ISO/IEC
JTC1/SC1 are identified by the symbol (T) after
the definition, indicating that final agreement
has not yet been reached among the
participating National Bodies of SC1.
A
active. (1) Able to communicate on the network. A
token-ring network adapter is active if it is able to
transmit and receive on the network (2) Operational. (3)
Pertaining to a node or device that is connected or is
available for connection to another node or device. (4)
Currently transmitting or receiving.
adapter. (1) In the point-of-sale terminal, a circuit card
that, with its associated software, enables the terminal
to use a function or feature. (2) In a LAN, within a
communicating device, a circuit card that, with its
associated software and/or microcode, enables the
device to communicate over the network.
address. (1) In data communication, the
IEEE-assigned unique code or the unique locally
administered code assigned to each device or
workstation connected to a network. (2) A character or
group of characters that identifies a register, a particular
part of storage, or some other data source or
destination. (A) (3) To refer to a device or an item of
data by its address. (I) (A) (4) The location in the
storage of a computer where data is stored.
addressing. (1) The assignment of addresses to the
instructions of a program. (2) In data communication,
the way in which a station selects the station to which it
is to send data.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2005
alphanumeric. Pertaining to data consisting of letters,
digits, and usually other characters, such as punctuation
marks. (T) (A)
analog. (1) Pertaining to data consisting of
continuously variable physical quantities. (A) (2)
Contrast with digital.
application. (1) A collection of one or more programs
that work together to accomplish goals for a business.
(2) A set of executable files and data files required to
perform a desired function, which can consist of multiple
programs running on different workstations.
architecture. A logical structure that encompasses
operating principles including services, functions, and
protocols. See network architecture.
attach. (1) To connect a device physically. (2) To make
a device a part of a network logically. Compare with
connect.
attaching device. Any device that is physically
connected to a network and can communicate over the
network.
B
bit. Either of the digits 0 or 1 when used in the binary
numeration system. Synonymous with binary digit. (T)
bus. (1) In a processor, a physical facility on which
data is transferred to all destinations, but from which
only addressed destinations may read in accordance
with appropriate conventions. (2) A network
configuration in which nodes are interconnected through
a bidirectional transmission medium. (3) One or more
conductors used for transmitting signals or power. (A)
C
cash drawer. An optional I/O device attached to a
point-of-sale terminal. The cash drawer contains a till.
The cash drawer will open upon receiving a command.
See till.
circuit. (1) A logic device. (2) One or more conductors
through which an electric current can flow.
cluster. (1) A station that consists of a control unit (a
cluster controller) and the terminals attached to it. (2) A
group of APPN nodes that have the same network ID
and the same topology database. A cluster is a subset
of a NETID subnetwork. (3) In high-availability cluster
multiprocessing (HACMP), a set of iindependent
systems (called nodes) that are organized into a
network for the purpose of sharing resources and
communicating with each other.
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