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The primary differences between the two frequencies are the range (coverage) and
bandwidth (speed) that the bands provide. The 2.4 GHz band provides coverage at a
longer range but transmits data at slower speeds. The 5 GHz band provides less
coverage but transmits data at faster speeds.
The range is lower in the 5 GHz band because higher frequencies cannot penetrate
solid objects, such as walls and floors. However, higher frequencies allow data to be
transmitted faster than lower frequencies, so the 5 GHz band allows you to upload and
download files faster.
Your WiFi connection on a particular frequency band can also be faster or slower
because of interference from other devices. Many WiFi-enabled technologies and other
household devices use the 2.4 GHz band, including microwaves and garage door
openers. When multiple devices attempt to use the same radio space, overcrowding
occurs. The 5 GHz band tends to have less overcrowding than the 2.4GHz band
because fewer devices use it and because it has 23 channels for devices to use, while
the 2.4GHz band has only 11 channels. The number of channels that are available to
you depends on the regulatory domain. If you're experiencing a lot of interference from
other devices, consider using the 5 GHz band.
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