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Brainboxes RS422 Manual

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  • Page 2 Guarantee. FULL 36 MONTHS GUARANTEE. BRAIN BOXES guarantee your Serial Port Card for a full 36 months from purchase, parts and labour, provided it has been used in the specified manner. In the unlikely event of failure return your interface to BRAIN BOXES or to your Dealer, with proof of purchase, who will determine whether to repair or replace this product with an equivalent unit.
  • Page 3 Chapter 2 - Opto and AT Dual RS422/485 Hardware shows you how to configure the settings Configuration of the Opto and AT Dual RS422/485 cards, after a brief discussion of the RS232, RS422 and RS485 standard, serial port IRQ and address selection, RS485 gating and multiplexing and sample wiring diagrams are given.
  • Page 4 Chapter 4 - Opto and AT Dual RS422/485 Software Configuration details on how to install your Opto and AT Dual RS422/485 in DOS, Windows 3.x, 95 and NT as well as OS/2.x and OS/2 Warp. Chapter 5 - Serial Utility Disk and Programming...
  • Page 5 The Comtest.exe Program ............4 Complete Documentation and Technical Backup....... 4 CHAPTER 2..............5 Introduction................5 AT Dual Port RS422/485 Card Features........5 The RS232 Standard ..............7 The RS422 Standard..............7 The RS485 Standard..............8 Terminating Impedance’s.

  • Page 6: Table Of Contents

    Introduction AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 CHAPTER 4............... 33 Introduction ................33 Informing The PC Of The Port Address........33 Microsoft Windows Version 3.x..........36 Microsoft Windows 95............39 Changing Port Settings in Windows 95........47 Microsoft Windows NT............51 OS/2 Version 2.x and OS/2 Warp..........

  • Page 7: Chapter 4

    Support for shared interrupt cards e.g. our Quad 232, Lynx 232 and Quad 422 cards. d) Support for any mix of RS232, RS422 and RS485 handshake schemes. e) Support for wider range of Baud rates and for more than 4 serial ports.
  • Page 8 Serial Solutions Software AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Solutions For DOS Serial Solutions for DOS consists of the following programs:- NewCOM.sys A device driver, it supports COM1 to COM16, allowing 16 serial ports to be used under DOS. It also includes an interrupt handler for enhanced performance with user definable buffer sizes.
  • Page 9 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Solutions Software sample applications on them. Source code, make files and compiled ready to run programs supplied. TERM programs A suite of larger terminal emulation programs written in C (Cterm), Assembly language (Aterm), Pascal (Pasterm), BASIC (BASterm)
  • Page 10 Serial Solutions Software AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Solutions For Windows 95 Windows 95 has an improved communication API and directly supports up to 255 ports. Our Windows 95 driver supports the shared interrupt mechanism used on our multiport cards.
  • Page 11 RS485 users may need to alter the 485 Gating and Multiplex jumpers. The half size RS422/RS485 cards will fit into long or short slots, in standard 8 bit PC slots or in the longer 16 bit AT slots. The card works in PC, XT, AT, 386 ,486 and Pentium PC compatibles.
  • Page 12 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 200Mhz Pentium Pro machines WITHOUT use of extra wait states. • Jumper selectable interrupt level. IRQ 2-7, 10-12 & 15. • One Centronics Parallel printer port, 100% IBM compatible* • Jumper Selectable Port address, LPT1 - LPT3*...
  • Page 13 The RS422 Standard. The RS422 standard defines a serial communications standard. RS422 is a high speed and/or long distance data transmission. Each signal is carried by a pair of wires and is thus a differential data transmission system. Over distances up to 40 feet the maximum data rate is 10 Megabits per second, and for distances up to 4000 feet the maximum data rate is 100 Kilobytes per second.
  • Page 14 100 Kbits/sec The RS485 Standard. The RS485 standard is similar to the RS422 standard upon which it is based. The main difference is that up to 32 transmitter receiver pairs may be present on the line at one time. A 120 Ohm resistor should be used to terminate either end of the main line.
  • Page 15 The AT Dual Port RS422/485 card has the correct 120 Ohm terminating resistors for the RXD twisted pair line and the CTS twisted pair line fitted on the RS422/485 card for both the serial ports on the card. There is no need to add any more at the PC end.
  • Page 16 The on board fail safe short circuit detection prevents the line impedance from going to zero and thus protects the inputs of receivers and the outputs of drivers. Figure 2-1a). AT Dual Port RS422/485 Card Layout. RS485 GATING TXD 1...
  • Page 17 Configuring The RS422 Card. In the state it leaves our factory, the Serial Solutions RS422/485 card is ready to plug straight into an IBM compatible PC computer. It has been configured for RS422 operation. So, unless you have GOOD REASON, you do not need to alter its default setting.
  • Page 18 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Port Jumpers. Serial port 1 drives the UPPER 9 pin D connector and serial port 2 drives the LOWER 9 pin D connector. There are 4 sets of jumpers associated with the two ports; their locations on each card are show in the Table below: Table 2-1.
  • Page 19 8088 PC's and all machines of Pentium Pro standard and below. Below is shown a representation of the IRQ Port jumper block on the AT Dual RS422/48, with factory defaults. Serial Port IRQ Interrupt Jumper Selection. By referring to Figures 2-1a) and/or 2.1b) locate, the Serial Port IRQ interrupt jumper block (pictured below with default settings) at the lower left of the board.
  • Page 20 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Two rows of jumpers are visible, the top row corresponding to serial #1 and the bottom row to serial #2, by placing a jumper over two pins in the same row an interrupt vector may be assigned to a serial port.
  • Page 21 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Hardware Configuration Figure 2-3. COM Port IRQ Jumper Block. NORMAL USE OF INTERRUPT IRQ 2 EGA/VGA GRAPHIC CARD. Usually free. Only Used by very few graphics cards. IRQ 3 COM 2. IRQ 4 COM 1.
  • Page 22 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Port 485 Gating Jumper Block. By referring to figure 2-1, locate the Serial Port Gating jumper block at the left of the upper centre of the board. This block (pictured below with default settings) is divided into 2 parts, each consisting of 3 rows of pins - the top half is the gating block for serial #1 and the bottom part is for serial #2.
  • Page 23 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Hardware Configuration outgoing TXD data to reach the 9 pin connector. When RTS is false, the TXD lines are tristated, the PC cannot send data but other devices may send data, which the PC receives. When the RTS line is true, the PC can send data down the TXD line to be received by other devices.
  • Page 24 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Port Multiplex Jumper Block. By referring to the figure 2-1, locate the Serial Port RS485 Multiplex jumper block at the right of the middle side of the board. Shown below with default settings, this block consists of 4 rows of 3 pins with 2 two rows each controlling each port.
  • Page 25 PIN 5 - GROUND (GND) RS422 Operation. RS422 Handshake. Generally, in RS422 systems all 8 signal lines from the 9 pin D connector participate in the data transfer sequence, thus 4 twisted pair cables are used. One twisted pair carries the TXD data...
  • Page 26 Use screened twisted pair Belden cable 9729 and 9829, L type 2493 and 2919 or IBM Part No 4716748 cable to make the RS422 connection. Unscreened Belden type 8795 may also be used in less noisy environments. The on board resistor networks terminate the receiving end of the twisted pair cable in its characteristic impedance.
  • Page 27 Half Duplex communications. The hardware handshaking performed by the CTS+/- and RTS+/- lines in RS422 systems is handled by a software protocol in RS485 systems. In situations where more than one device may transmit data on the shared data line, each cards RTS line is used as a gating signal to enable the TXD driver only when that card needs to transmit data, ie set TXD GATE jumper.
  • Page 28 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Ohms. Unscreened Belden type 8795 may also be used in less noisy environments. RS485 One Talker - Many Listeners. There are several schemes for connecting RS485 devices depending on the characteristics of the system. In many cases there will be only one device which can transmit data and all the others simply listen to it.
  • Page 29 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Hardware Configuration Figure 2-9. RS485 Jumpers, 1 Talker Many Listeners. RS485 GATING JUMPERS. PC IS A TALKER ONLY ALWAYS ABLE TO TRANSMIT GATE DISABLE ALWAYS ABLE TO LISTEN TRUE FORCE CTS CTS ALWAYS HELD TRUE RS485 MULTIPLEX JUMPERS.
  • Page 30 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 outputs to the RXD inputs of the PC. The advantages of this system are great, since no new communications software is needed, and the PC can talk and listen at the same time. In effect the handshaking is performed by the intelligence of the RS485 devices attached to the PC.
  • Page 31 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Hardware Configuration Note: The receiver end of MAIN line terminated in characteristic impedance, stubs off the main not terminated. Figure 2-11. RS485 Jumpers, Full Duplex. RS485 GATING JUMPERS. ALWAYS ABLE TO TRANSMIT GATE DISABLE ALWAYS ABLE TO LISTEN...
  • Page 32 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Figure 2-12. RS485 Many Talkers & Listeners. Half Duplex TXD1+ +TXD n 120 Ohm 120 Ohm TXD1- -TXD n +RXD1 -RXDn +RXDn -RXD1 -RXD2 -RXD3 -RXDn-1 +RXD2 +RXD3 +RXDn-1 -TXD2 -TXD3 -TXDn-1 +TXD2...
  • Page 33 Hardware Configuration OPTO Dual RS422/485 Optional Parallel Port The AT Opto Isolated RS422/485 has the capability of running an optional parallel port, in order to do this an LPT optional fly lead is required (these may be purchased from your dealer at a nominal charge).
  • Page 34 Hardware Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 NOTE: The printer port on the PC motherboard may be at EITHER 03BC hex OR 0378 Hex and still be known as LPT1.To add a second printer port as LPT2: it may be necessary to set the card to 0278 hex.
  • Page 35 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Installation CHAPTER 3 INSTALLING THE PC SERIAL CARD IN THE COMPUTER. Serial Card Installation. Once the card has been correctly configured then it can be installed in the PC. It is best to make a note of the serial port I/O address selection and IRQ jumper settings for later use.
  • Page 36 Installation AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Figure 3-1. Remove Cover Mounting Screws. STEP 2: Then using a screw driver, remove the cover mounting screws on the back panel of the PC system unit. Figure 3-2. Removing The PC Cover. STEP 2: Then using a screw driver, remove the cover mounting screws on the back panel of the PC system unit.
  • Page 37 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Installation Figure 3-3. Removing Blanking Cover STEP 4: Choose an empty expansion slot. The PC Serial card will fit either a full length or a short slot, an 8 bit PC type slot or a 16 bit AT type slot.
  • Page 38 Installation AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 STEP 5: Now insert the PC Serial card in the slot. Be careful to ensure that the gold plated PCB fingers fits neatly into the I/O expansion connector. Press down firmly but evenly on the top of the PC Serial card.

  • Page 39: Introduction

    SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION Introduction This section contains the installation procedures for the AT Dual RS422/485 and AT Opto Dual RS422/485 cards, for the operating systems DOS, Windows 3.x, Windows 95, Windows NT, OS/2 version 2.x and OS/2 Warp In each section, as an example, the AT Dual RS422/485 with its factory default address selection has been used in the listed setup procedure.
  • Page 40 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 drivers are responsible for this. On the utility disk included with your card there are several programs for setting the COM3 and COM4 addresses. To set COM3 address from the DOS command line enter:- ADDRCOM3 03E8 <return>...
  • Page 41 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration LPT1: 03BC LPT2: <not set> LPT3: <not set> Provided that the RS232 installation is attacked in this orderly manner, every thing should work first time. If it does not then check the software selectable communications parameters, Baud rate, Parity, stop bits first, and that the communications program is attempting to access the serial port installed.

  • Page 42: Microsoft Windows Version 3.X

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Microsoft Windows Version 3.x. The Windows environment now supports up to four serial ports, RS232, RS422 and RS485 etc. If more than 2 serial ports are installed then the default assignments assumed by Windows need to be changed. Windows assumes that both COM1 and COM3 are on IRQ4 and that both COM2 and COM4 are on IRQ3.
  • Page 43 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration From the Ports window select COM2. Then click the Settings button. From the COM2 window click the Advanced box. From the Advanced Settings for COM2: window select Interrupt Request Line(IRQ): Scroll through the list of interrupts and select IRQ3 by clicking on 3.
  • Page 44 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Windows displays a Systems Setting Change, saying "You will need to quit and restart Windows so that the new setting(s) can take effect." Click on Restart Now and let windows restart itself so that it is then able to run with the new configuration.

  • Page 45: Microsoft Windows 95

    Microsoft Windows 95. The Windows 95 environment now supports up to 255 standard serial ports, RS232, RS422 and RS485 etc. If more than 2 serial ports are installed then the default assignments assumed by Windows 95 will most probably need to be changed.
  • Page 46 Select Add New Hardware. Click Next. If any of the AT OPTO or DUAL RS422/485 ports are to be set to values of COM4 or greater then step to the next section. If you are installing the AT OPTO or DUAL RS422/485 ports as COM4 or lower, then continue.
  • Page 47 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration Windows will prompt you with the following dialogue box, from which you should click next. Windows will now start detecting your newly installed hardware. This may take some time, so be prepared to wait. The following Box will be shown during detection, with a status bar indicating progress.
  • Page 48 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 When Detection has finished, widows will inform you that it has finished detecting your new hardware. Click on Details to see what Windows has detected, If you have set up the card as COM2, and COM3 then the view of detected ports should look somewhat like the following.
  • Page 49 If this is the case, then continue to the section titled, changing port settings. If you are installing the AT OPTO or DUAL RS422/485 as COM5 or higher, then on the second screen of the Add New Hardware Wizard, you should: Click the No Option Button.
  • Page 50 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Select the Ports (Com & LPT) entry, then click Next Highlight Standard Port Manufacturers in the left window, and Communications Port in the right one, Click Next. Chapter 4 Page 44...
  • Page 51 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration Windows 95 then guesses the settings for your new port. This guess will more than likely not match the setting that your card is physically set to. If this is the case, refer to the next section for changing the settings.
  • Page 52 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Windows will then ask you if you wish to restart. If you have finished installing all ports, and you are happy with their configuration, then: Click Yes Otherwise: Click NO and either install the next port by following the procedure above, or reconfigure the port you have just installed by following the procedure below.

  • Page 53: Changing Port Settings In Windows 95

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration Changing Port Settings in Windows 95 All port settings are changed via the Windows 95 Device manager. This is most easily reached by opening My Computer, Right clicking in white space and selecting properties from the drop-down list.
  • Page 54 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Un-check the Use automatic settings box, and double click on the resource that you wish to modify. In some circumstances, windows will not let you change these settings. This is easy to work around.
  • Page 55 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration If changing the I/O address setting, the following dialogue box will appear. To change the I/O address setting, either use the scroll bars to select the appropriate value, or simply type in the required range.
  • Page 56 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 wish to restart. If you have further changes to make to other ports: Click No else Click Yes. Chapter 4 Page 50...

  • Page 57: Microsoft Windows Nt

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration Microsoft Windows NT Microsoft Windows NT Provides built in support for 255 standard serial ports. The installation procedure is very similar to that of Windows 3.x. Successful operation of the ports is again dependant on using separate interrupts for each of the ports which you are installing.
  • Page 58 Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 If you only have one existing port in your PC then your ports applet will look something like the following figure. Your two new ports will need to be added one at a time.
  • Page 59 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Software Configuration Windows will now tell you that for your settings to take effect, you will need to restart your machine. If you have more ports to install: Click Don’t Restart Now, and continue with the installation of...

  • Page 60: Os/2 Version 2.X And Os/2 Warp

    Software Configuration AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 OS/2 Version 2.x and OS/2 Warp. OS/2 provides built in support for up to four serial ports. OS/2 assumes that COM1 is on IRQ4 and that COM2 is on IRQ3. To use COM3 and COM4 ports on AT bus machines it is necessary to include parameters on the DEVICE=COM.SYS statement in the...

  • Page 61: Chapter 5

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Utilities and Programming CHAPTER 5 SERIAL UTILITY DISK & PROGRAMMING GUIDE Introduction. This describes the programs on the Serial Utility Disk supplied with all our serial cards. The ADDRCOM3/4 programs are usually used in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file to automatically set the BIOS addresses...

  • Page 62: Addrcom Program

    In addition the 3.5 inch disk contains the following files:- @69E1.ADF ADF file for PS DUAL RS232 card. @69E0.ADF ADF file for PS DUAL RS422/485 card. ADDRCOM Program. The ADDRCOM programs are used to set the serial port address in the BIOS. The ADDRCOM3/4 programs are typically used in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file to automatically set the BIOS...

  • Page 63: Addrlpt Program

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Utilities and Programming The ADDRCOM programs take one parameter, the hexadecimal port address. The programs can be run from the DOS command line or from batch files like AUTOEXEC.BAT. To set COM3 address from the DOS command line enter:- ADDRCOM3 03E8 <return>...

  • Page 64: Comm.bas - A Simple Basic Comms Program

    Serial Utilities and Programming AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 even if it passes COMTEST since this program does not check the line drivers or external connection of the card. COMM.BAS - A Simple BASIC Comms Program. Figure 5-1 is the most simple two way communications program possible in BASIC.

  • Page 65: Basic's Serial Communications Support

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Utilities and Programming handshake lines. This may be changed to COM1 or COM2 at any suitable baud rate and parity options. Line 30 A file is opened to the specified serial port. Line 40 A file is opened to the screen.

  • Page 66: Handshake Lines

    Serial Utilities and Programming AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 parity Valid parity options are:- N =None E =Even O =Odd S =Space M =Mark [PE] The PE option must be specified if Basic is to check parity for each data byte received, the default is no parity checking.

  • Page 67: Rs232.Bas - Demonstrates Using Serial Port Chips

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Utilities and Programming DCD: Normally Basic ignores the DCD line, it can be either high or low. Basic can be made to check the state of the DCD line by using the CD option. When CD[n] is non zero then BASIC will only succeed in opening the comn port when DCD is true.
  • Page 68 Serial Utilities and Programming AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Line 10-100 Clears the screen and defines some constants. 200-299 Port I/O address selection and set up. 300-399 Baud rate selection and set up. 400-499 Data Bits, Parity and Stop bit selection and set up.

  • Page 69: Serial Port Address

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Utilities and Programming The following steps will be explained:- Setting the baud rate. Setting data word length, parity and stop bits. iii) Setting output lines RTS and DTR. Reading the state of input lines CTS, DSR and DCD.

  • Page 70: Data Word Length, Parity And Stop Bit Selection

    Serial Utilities and Programming AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 3068 OUT S + 3, S1: REM restore 3069 : 3081 OUT S + 3, 3 Data Word Length, Parity and Stop Bit Selection. The Data Word Length, Parity and Stop Bit Selection is made by writing an 8 bit byte to the Line Control Register, register 4.

  • Page 71: Reading The Cts, Dsr & Dcd Input Handshake Lines

    6, change in RI state sets bit 2. DCD current state is in bit 7, change in DCD state sets bit 3. Note that on the Dual RS422/485 cards DCD and DSR are permanently tied TRUE and RI is permanently tied FALSE.

  • Page 72: Sending Outgoing Data

    Serial Utilities and Programming AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 2000 IF ((INP(S + 5) AND 1) = 1) THEN PRINT CHR$(INP(S)); Bits 1, 2 and 3 of the LSR should also be checked as they indicate possible errors in the received data.

  • Page 73: Pc Serial Port Chips

    AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Utilities and Programming transmit routine has several lines to constantly poll the DR, Data Ready, bit of the LSR, that indicates whether an incoming byte has been received and is in the RBR. 5070 HSIN = 0: REM NO Input Handshake see line 6036...
  • Page 74 Serial Utilities and Programming AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 MHz AT bus and has an 8th register, the scratch register. This extra register does NOT change how the ACE works but simply gives the PC programmer one extra location for storing data temporarily.
  • Page 75 AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Serial Utilities and Programming 16450. The Texas Instruments TL16C452 is an enhanced 16450, featuring high speed twin 16450 serial ports and a complete Centronics Printer Interface on one chip, the TL16C452 is now used in all our PC serial port cards except for the velocity range.
  • Page 76 Index AT & OPTO DUAL RS422/485 Index 16450 ....................1, 80- 82 16550 ....................1, 5, 80, 81 2400 baud ......................68 386 ......................7, 80 486 ...................... 7, 16, 80 8 data bits ....................68, 70 8250 ..................1, 67, 79, 80, 82 addresses ..............16, 33, 42, 43, 64- 66, 73...
  • Page 77 RI....................71, 76, 77, 82 RS232 ............1, 9, 42-44, 64, 65, 71, 72, 80, 81 RS422 ..........1, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 23- 26, 65, 77, 80, 81 RS485 ............1, 7, 8, 11, 12, 20- 23, 25- 31, 32, 65 RTS ......

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