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HBK B&K 2245 User Manual

With work noise partner
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B&K 2245
with Work Noise Partner
User Guide
for Version 1.5
BN 2377–16
Copyright © Hottinger Brüel & Kjær A/S. All rights reserved.

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  • Page 1 B&K 2245 with Work Noise Partner User Guide for Version 1.5 BN 2377–16 Copyright © Hottinger Brüel & Kjær A/S. All rights reserved.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS OVERVIEW Licences About the instrument About the mobile app About the PC application System requirements Data storage Service and support Additional documentation THE INSTRUMENT Hardware interface Instrument GUI Web server display Charge the battery Fix an unresponsive instrument Drying the instrument DOWNLOAD THE APPS...
  • Page 4 Table of contents Audio recording Display settings Regional settings Power management Data management Network settings Voltage output Lock the settings CALIBRATION CHECK How to perform a calibration check Calibration history Calibration settings CREATE A PROJECT USING THE MOBILE APP About settings for the standards How to edit a project How to delete a project Create tasks...
  • Page 5 Table of contents Use a dosimeter Create a hearing protection database Edit a project Review annotations in the PC application Create a report TERMINOLOGY...

  • Page 6: Overview

    OVERVIEW Your instrument works with applications: Noise Partner for general-purpose, basic sound level measurements Enviro Noise Partner for measuring and analysing sound levels in the world around us Work Noise Partner for determining sound exposure levels in the workplace Product Noise Partner for testing noise emission levels of products There is a mobile version and a PC version of each application.

  • Page 7: Licences

    Overview Licences B&K 2245 is a type-approved sound level meter (SLM). However, this basic functionality can be extended with optional licences; it can perform frequency analysis, log broadband and spectral data, perform statistical analysis and make audio recordings. Licences for the instrument control the functionality of the instrument and to which applications it can connect. BZ-7300: Noise Partner This licence enables you to make simple, broadband measurements, to make general-purpose sound pressure level measurements, and to make basic occupational, product and environmental measurements.

  • Page 8: About The Instrument

    Overview BZ-7304: Exhaust Noise Partner This licence enables you to measure exhaust noise. Measure broadband parameters. Connect to Noise Partner mobile app and PC application. About the instrument The instrument measures sound level meter parameters (Leq, LE, Lav, Lpeak, Lmax, Lmin, L(SPL), L) with up to two sim- ultaneous frequency weightings (A, B, C, Z) and up to three simultaneous time weightings (F, S, I) for the exponential averaging.

  • Page 9: About The Pc Application

    Overview About the PC application Functionality of the PC version of Work Noise Partner: Import projects created with the mobile app from the instrument. Create projects from measurements stored on the instrument. Add measurements stored on the instrument to an existing project. View measurements, annotations, calculations and results.

  • Page 10: Data Storage

    Overview The PC application System Requirements: Windows® 8.1 or 10 (64-bit) operating system Microsoft® .NET 4.7.2 framework Recommended PC: Intel® Core™ i5 or better Sound card Solid State Drive (SSD) 8 GB of memory At least one available USB port Microsoft Office 2016 or later Data storage The instrument...

  • Page 11: Service And Support

    Overview Service and support The instrument comes with the standard product warranty for Brüel & Kjær products. Visit www.bksv.com/Service to request a quote for or find information about services. Hardware maintenance and repair Calibration Extended warranty contracts for hardware Firmware updates Update firmware over the Internet.

  • Page 12: Additional Documentation

    Overview UK & Ireland: ukservice@bksv.com, +44 1223 389800 Go to www.bksv.com/contact for contact information to our other global offices. Additional documentation Product data B&K 2245 with Noise Partner: BP 0029 B&K 2245 with Enviro Noise Partner: BP 0030 B&K 2245 with Work Noise Partner: BP 0031 B&K 2245 with Exhaust Noise Partner: BP 0032...

  • Page 13: The Instrument

    THE INSTRUMENT Hardware interface The microphone is at the top of the instrument. is the power/menu/reboot button. Press and hold the button to power the instrument on or off. When the instrument is on, press the but- ton briefly to open the menu. If the instrument becomes unresponsive, press and hold the button for approximately 40 seconds (remove cables first).
  • Page 14 The instrument is the stop/reset button. Press the button once to stop a measurement. At this point, averaged measurement parameters will stop updating and you can review the results. Press the button again to clear the results and reset the instrument for the next measurement.

  • Page 15: Instrument Gui

    The instrument The light ring is colour-coded to reflect the status of the instrument. The light ring is solid green while measuring. The light ring flashes yellow slowly while idle or quickly while paused (measuring). The light ring flashes red quickly for intermittent overloads. The light ring is solid purple for latched overloads.
  • Page 16 The instrument The top region shows measurement information and instrument status. When idle, the instrument displays the current time (to the left) and input settings (to the right). : Indicates the clock is controlled from a network time protocol (NTP) server on the Internet.
  • Page 17 The instrument The number in the centre is the measurement number. The first measurement of every day is number 1. The number increments with each new measurement. The background colour of the top region and the centre symbol change to indicate the state of the instrument.
  • Page 18 The instrument ✐ Note: The bar graphs in SLM view and List view are unique, that is they can each be set to show a different para- meter. Go to Menu > Display settings > SLM view > Graph parameter to set the parameter for the bar graph when dis- playing one broadband parameter.

  • Page 19: Web Server Display

    The instrument The bottom region provides information about the system: battery, network, and connectivity status. The battery icons show the status of the battery. For example, (charging) or (full). The network icons show the current network settings and its status. For example, (connected to a wireless network), (acting as a hotspot), (Ethernet con-...

  • Page 20: Charge The Battery

    The instrument Procedure: 1. Go to: System settings > Network settings > Web server display. 2. Select Enabled. 3. Network your devices. This is one way to network your devices: a. On the instrument, go to: System settings > Network settings > Wi-Fi settings > Wi-Fi mode. b.

  • Page 21: Fix An Unresponsive Instrument

    The instrument Power consumption Settings for the screen and wireless configuration can have a noticeable effect on the instrument's power consumption. The type of measurement you perform will not have a large effect on battery consumption. To manage power consumption, you can modify these settings: System settings >...
  • Page 22 The instrument (0.25 in)) from any direction has no harmful effect on the instrument. A rating of five means that the instrument is not watertight. Where can water get in? It is possible for water to enter the space between the microphone cartridge and the microphone preamplifier when, for example, the instrument is exposed to heavy rain.

  • Page 23: Download The Apps

    DOWNLOAD THE APPS Download the mobile app You will need: iOS-based phone or tablet See supported iOS versions for current app version in the App Store®, under Work Noise Partner > Information > Compatibility. Procedure: 1. Go to the App Store. 2.
  • Page 24 Download the apps 5. Click Install Work Noise Partner Software to start the download. 6. Once the download is complete, double-click the file (Setup.exe) to start installation. ✐ Note: The file will be placed in a location that is defined by the settings in your web browser. The PC application will start immediately after installation.

  • Page 25: Connect Devices

    CONNECT DEVICES Communication between the instrument and the devices running the applications is an essential part of using the instru- ment. Once you understand the ways in which the devices can communicate, you will be able to change connections to suit your circumstances.

  • Page 26: Remote Connections

    Connect devices e. Select the network you wish to join. f. Enter the password at the prompt. to scroll through the character menu. to move left or right. Press to advance to the options: OK or Cancel. Use the instrument as a hotspot Connect your mobile device and / or PC to the instrument's hotspot so that the devices can communicate.
  • Page 27 Connect devices Before you begin, you will need some information about your Internet service: Is your IP address IPv4 or IPv6 or both? The instrument supports both. The difference is that IPv4 requires port forwarding while IPv6 does not. If you have an IPv4 address, is it static or dynamic? You can use either static or dynamic addresses.
  • Page 28 Connect devices 3. From another network, such as a mobile network, test the setup. ✐ Note: Turn off Wi-Fi on your mobile device to make sure that you are not connected to the same network as the instrument. a. Open the mobile app. b.

  • Page 29: Connect The Mobile App To The Instrument

    Connect devices Connect the mobile app to the instrument The mobile app connects to the instrument via Wi-Fi® and Bluetooth®. What you will need: The instrument An iOS-based mobile device (phone or tablet) with the mobile app installed ✐ Note: You will need to enable Wi-Fi and Bluetooth on your mobile device. How to connect You can connect the mobile app to one instrument at a time.
  • Page 30 Connect devices How to add the instrument manually If you want to find an instrument that is not showing up in the list of discovered instruments, such as an instrument on another network, you can manually add the instrument to the list using its IP address. ✐...

  • Page 31: Configure Your Instrument

    CONFIGURE YOUR INSTRUMENT You can edit instrument settings using the instrument or using the mobile app. The functionality of the mobile app enhances the usability of the instrument. For example, it is easier to use the keypad on your mobile device to enter passwords than it is to scroll through characters on the instrument. It is recommended to use the mobile app to set up the instrument wherever possible.
  • Page 32 Configure your instrument Microphone Use this setting to tell the instrument which microphone is attached. The instrument is designed for use with Microphone Cartridge Type 4966. Type 4966 is prepolarized, so it can be used with battery-operated equipment such as B&K 2245, and is optimized for use in free-field environments. By default, the instrument is set up to use the attached Type 4966 microphone cartridge.

  • Page 33: Measurement Control

    Configure your instrument Sound field It is important that the instrument knows the type of sound field in which you are measuring so it can apply the appro- priate correction to your measurements. These corrections will enhance the overall frequency response of the system regardless of whether or not the microphone you are using is designed for the sound field in which you are measuring.
  • Page 34 Configure your instrument Measurement time This setting controls how the measurement stops: automatically or manually. Preset: The instrument will measure for the time specified in Preset time, then stop and save automatically. Free: You control the measurement manually. Preset time This setting controls the amount of time for which the instrument will measure when Measurement time is set to Pre- set.

  • Page 35: Broadband Parameters

    Configure your instrument Enabled: Overwrite measurement data for the Back-erase time. Disabled: Resume the measurement without overwriting earlier data. Back-erase time This setting controls the number of seconds that will be erased when the measurement is resumed. This setting is enabled when Back-erase mode is set to Enabled.
  • Page 36 Configure your instrument How to set up broadband parameters using the instrument 1. Enable a frequency weighting. a. Press to navigate to a weighting box. b. Press to scroll through the frequency weightings. 2. Enable measurement parameters. a. Press to navigate to a parameter. b.
  • Page 37 Configure your instrument How to set up broadband parameters using the mobile app 1. Tap 1 to enable parameters for the first frequency weighting. The instrument measures broadband parameters with up to two frequency weightings simultaneously, you will enable parameters for each frequency weighting separately. 2.
  • Page 38 Configure your instrument Peak levels Lpeak = peak sound level This parameter gives the highest value of the frequency-weighted acoustic signal. Lpeak is usually used with C frequency weighting in occupational noise measurements where loud bangs are present, or it is used for assessing possible damages to human hearing caused by very high short-duration noise levels.
  • Page 39 Configure your instrument Time weightings use time constants. Time constants define the time it takes for the instrument to respond to a change in sound levels. F = 125 ms time constant, decay of 34.7 dB/s The fast rise and decay of this time weighting means it will show a lot of the variations in the acoustic signal. You can use this weighting to measure sounds that fade rapidly, such as a dog bark.
  • Page 40 Configure your instrument C-weighting Represents the human ear’s response at fairly high sound levels Equal loudness curve: 100 dB Mainly used to assess peak values of high sound pressure levels (LCpeak) Z-weighting No frequency weighting Used to collect unweighted data ✐ Note: An equal loudness curve is a frequency response curve. Equal loudness curves are the experimental results of presenting pure tones and levels at different frequencies to young people with no hearing impairment.

  • Page 41: Spectrum Parameters

    Configure your instrument LF(SPL) LAF(SPL) LBF(SPL) LCF(SPL) LZF(SPL) LS(SPL) LAS(SPL) LBS(SPL) LCS(SPL) LZS(SPL) Spectrum parameters Spectrum parameters are the parameters upon which you can perform spectral analysis. Spectral analysis has many uses. For example, it can be used to see the sound levels at low, medium and high fre- quencies, to see where the sound energy is in the frequency spectrum, or to assess sounds with distinct tones.
  • Page 42 Configure your instrument 3. Enable a frequency weighting. a. Press to navigate to the weighting box. b. Press to scroll through the frequency weightings. 4. Enable measurement parameters. a. Press to navigate to a parameter. b. Press to enable / disable parameters. 5.
  • Page 43 Configure your instrument Set up spectrum parameters using the mobile app 1. Select the bandwidth of frequency analysis. a. Tap Bandwidth. b. Select a bandwidth: 1/3-octave or 1/1-octave. Spectrum parameters on page 41 for more information. c. Tap Back. 2. Select the frequency weighting. a.
  • Page 44 Configure your instrument About time weightings The instrument uses three standard-defined time weightings: F, S and I. Time weightings define the exponential aver- aging in the root-mean-square (RMS) measurement to average the fluctuations in sound levels and create useful read- ings.

  • Page 45: Audio Recording

    Configure your instrument B-weighting Represents the human ear’s response at medium sound levels Equal loudness curve: 70 dB C-weighting Represents the human ear’s response at fairly high sound levels Equal loudness curve: 100 dB Mainly used to assess peak values of high sound pressure levels (LCpeak) Z-weighting No frequency weighting Used to collect unweighted data...

  • Page 46: Display Settings

    Configure your instrument Listen to audio Playback in the PC application When post-processing projects in the PC application, the Measurement window contains the controls for playing back audio recordings. 1. Open a project. Work with a project for more information. 2.
  • Page 47 Configure your instrument List view Set up the instantaneous display (bar graph) and readouts for multiple broadband parameters (single measurement). You can display three parameters on the instrument and five parameters on the mobile app. Spectrum view Set up the display of frequency analysis spectra. Profile view Set up the display of logged measurement parameters, also called the logging profile, on the instrument.

  • Page 48: Regional Settings

    Configure your instrument About data view About data view displays information about the instrument with which you are measuring. It can also include the loc- ation of the instrument (latitude and longitude) using GPS (global positioning system). To enable latitude and longitude coordinates in About data view: 1.

  • Page 49: Power Management

    Configure your instrument Decimal point Choose the decimal separator: decimal comma or decimal point. Decimal places Choose the number of decimal places to display: 1 or 2. Power management Use the Power management settings to switch off the screen or instrument after periods of inactivity. These settings can be helpful if you want to maximise battery life for long, unattended measurements.
  • Page 50 Configure your instrument Store a backup on network storage You will need: Network storage Your instrument ✐ Note: If you are using NAS, you will need to set it up according to the manufacturer's instructions first. Procedure: 1. Go to: Backup settings > Backup. 2.

  • Page 51: Network Settings

    Configure your instrument Network settings Network settings enable you to control your local (or remote) network connections. There are also settings to give the instrument a nickname, to protect it with a password and to view the instrument GUI in a web broswer. Local connections on page 25 Remote connections on page 26 for more information.
  • Page 52 Configure your instrument Add a password using the instrument 1. Go to: System settings > Network settings 2. Select Password. ✐ Note: If the instrument is already password protected, you will need to confirm that you want to enter a new password.
  • Page 53 Configure your instrument Wi-Fi mode: Act as hotspot Use this setting to enable the instrument's hotspot to which you can connect your iOS device or PC so they can com- municate. 1. Set Wi-Fi mode to Act as hotspot. 2. Connect your iOS device or PC to the hotspot as per the manufacturer's instructions. If you are using the mobile app, follow the prompts to connect your iOS device to the hotspot.

  • Page 54: Voltage Output

    Configure your instrument Voltage output This setting allows you to output an anologue signal. The USB-C™ socket on the bottom of the instrument is also an out- put channel. To use the socket as an output channel requires an output cable such as AO-0846, which has a stereo-mini plug for connecting headphones.

  • Page 55: Calibration Check

    CALIBRATION CHECK It is a best practice to check the accuracy of your instrument before and after a measurement by performing a cal- ibration check. A calibration check is not a calibration. Calibration includes an adjustment of the instrument's sensitivity. A calibration check compares the current sensitivity of the instrument with the sensitivity from its initial calibration, checking that it has not changed too much.
  • Page 56 Calibration check 2. Gently seat the calibrator on the microphone. 3. Turn on the sound calibrator. 4. After a short period the instrument will initiate a calibration check, choose Yes. 5. The calibration check will have one of two results: Pass: The measured sound level is within tolerance.

  • Page 57: Calibration History

    Calibration check Calibration history Go to: Menu > Calibration history. Here you can view an instrument's history of calibrations and calibration checks. Calibration settings Go to: Menu > System settings > Advanced settings > Calibration. Automatic calibration check The instrument is set to perform a calibration check automatically by default. To change this setting, set Automatic check to Disabled.

  • Page 58: Create A Project Using The Mobile App

    CREATE A PROJECT USING THE MOBILE APP A Work Noise Partner project is a collection of jobs and their associated measurements. The project can contain many jobs, just as a factory includes many jobs performed by many people. Projects are stored on the instrument and transferred to the PC application for post-processing (analysis and report gen- eration).

  • Page 59: How To Edit A Project

    Create a project using the mobile app Criterion level (OSHA) The maximum equivalent sound pressure level (A-weighted) over an 8-hour workday that must not be exceeded. Also referred to as the exposure limit. Choose either 85 dB or 90 dB. Threshold (OSHA) Any sound levels below the threshold level do not contribute to the noise dose measurement data. For example, if you set the threshold level to 80, sound levels below 80 dB are not used to calculate doses and time-weighted averages.

  • Page 60: Create Exposure Groups

    Create a project using the mobile app Edit or delete tasks and exposure groups Swipe left on a task. (It has to be collapsed. If it is not collapsed, tap it to collapse it.) to edit a task. to delete a task. Filters At the top of the list of tasks and exposure groups are three buttons: All, Done and Not done.

  • Page 61: Create Jobs

    Create a project using the mobile app Create jobs You can add as many jobs to your project as you like. Jobs can include measurement data of tasks (the work being done) and/or exposure groups (the number of people exposed to noise in an area). The list of Jobs is located on the project screen.

  • Page 62: Measurements

    MEASUREMENTS The exact steps of a measurement will vary depending on the settings you use in Measurement control. A basic overview is as follows: 1. Press to start a measurement. 2. If necessary, press to pause. 3. Press to resume. 4.

  • Page 63: Data Explorer

    Measurements Data explorer Go to: Menu > Data explorer. Browse the measurements stored on the instrument, with the option to open or delete measurements. 1. Navigate to the desired folder. 2. Press 3. Choose Open to view the measurement on the instrument. ✐...
  • Page 64 Measurements ✐ Note: It will not be necessary to stop the measurement if you specified a measurement time in Measurement control. Measurement data is only stored on the instrument. You can switch between tasks and exposure groups from the measurement screen, even while you are meas- uring.

  • Page 65: Annotations

    ANNOTATIONS Use the mobile app to annotate your measurement. Annotations are comments you can attach to a measurement. There are four types of annotations: photo, video, note, and commentary. Every measurement can have multiple annotations of different types. You can attach annotations to the measurements on the measurement screen or later once the measurement is attached to a task or exposure group.

  • Page 66: View Annotations In The Mobile App

    Annotations View annotations in the mobile app 1. From the home screen, tap Projects. 2. Tap on a project in the list to open it. 3. Tap on a task or exposure group. This will display the list of measurements attached to the task or exposure group. 4.

  • Page 67: Post-Process Using The Pc App

    POST-PROCESS USING THE PC APP PC application GUI This is the Work Noise Partner PC application with a project open.
  • Page 68 Post-process Using the PC App The application tab opens / closes the application menu where you will find tools for the project and the application. Options: Change the language of the GUI. About: Information about the application. Exit: Close the application.
  • Page 69 Post-process Using the PC App These are the tools that control the operation of the application. : Create a new project. : Open an existing project. : Save the current project. : Save the current project under a new name or in another location. : Import data from the instrument or network storage.
  • Page 70 Post-process Using the PC App When you open a project or import data, you will see the individual measurements in the project browser window. Select measurements to view them. : Open the Edit project properties dialog. : Add a task. : Add an exposure group.
  • Page 71 Post-process Using the PC App These tabs are for switching between the Measurement, Tasks or Jobs window and the Gallery window. In this panel, you will find collapsible windows for viewing annotations. Map: View locations of annotations and measurements on a map. Notes: Read the notes attached to the measurement.

  • Page 72: Import A Project

    Post-process Using the PC App Import a project Projects that are made using the mobile app are stored on the instrument. You can import the entire project to the PC application from the instrument. ✐ Note: If you have set up the instrument to store a backup of its data on network storage or USB stick, you can import projects from the storage location.
  • Page 73 Post-process Using the PC App 3. In the PC application, click 4. Find your instrument in the import dialog and select it. ✐ Note: To import from a backup, click on one of the locations under Network Attached Storage. 5. Click Connect. A progress bar will indicate that the software is connecting to the instrument.

  • Page 74: Create A Project Using The Pc Application

    Post-process Using the PC App Import from a backup The first time you import from a backup, you will need to tell the PC application where the backup is stored. You will need: An instrument that is set up to store a backup of its data Data management on page 49 for more information.
  • Page 75 Post-process Using the PC App How to create a project 1. Open the PC application. 2. Click 3.  In the Organization tab of the Create Project dialog, enter project properties: Click Add Photo to add a photo. Project Name is required, the default is New Project. Organization, Description and Contact are optional.

  • Page 76: Import Measurements

    Post-process Using the PC App About settings for the standards Each standard has related settings. Uncertainty (ISO 9612:2009, Slovene regulation, Czech, Western Australian) Estimate the uncertainty of your measurements. 1.65 (p=95%): Coverage factor of 1.65 and a confidence interval of 95%. In other words, you expect one out of every twenty measurements to fail.
  • Page 77 Post-process Using the PC App How to import measurements 1. Connect the instrument to the computer using the cable. Hint: Instead of using a cable, connect the two devices to the same network using Wi-Fi®. 2. In the PC application, click 3.
  • Page 78 Post-process Using the PC App 6. Select the data you want to transfer. Hint: Use <Ctrl> or <Shift> to select multiple measurements or annotations. 7. Click Import. Import from a backup The first time you import from a backup, you will need to tell the PC application where the backup is stored. You will need: An instrument that is set up to store a backup of its data Data management on page 49...

  • Page 79: Use A Dosimeter

    Post-process Using the PC App ✐ Note: Your computer will need to be able to access this location. 4. Select the folder with the matching serial number of your instrument. 5. Click Select Folder. Add an instrument using its IP address If you want to find an instrument that is not showing up in the list of discovered instruments, such as an instrument on another network, you can manually add the instrument to the list using its IP address.
  • Page 80 Post-process Using the PC App Measurements that are stored on the dosimeter are listed in the Measurements tab and are grouped by date and ordered from newest to oldest. 1. Click to select the desired measurements. 2. Click Import. Configure a dosimeter 1.

  • Page 81: Create A Hearing Protection Database

    Post-process Using the PC App About the settings Language: Controls the display language. Choose between English, French, German, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese. Display mode: Controls the parameters that show when the measurement stops. Choose ISO if you are testing accord- ing to ISO standards.
  • Page 82 Post-process Using the PC App Add items to the database 1. Click to open the database dialog. 2. In the column to the left, click on an item to select it. 3. Click 4. Click in a field to enter text: Manufacturer: Maker of the hearing protection Type: Kind of hearing protection SNR: Single number rating...

  • Page 83: Edit A Project

    Post-process Using the PC App Import a database 1. Click 2. Browse to the location of the file you wish to import. 3. Click Open. ✐ Note: Import will not remove or modify any existing hearing protection items. Edit a project Measurements Add measurements Import measurements from the instrument or from a backup.
  • Page 84 Post-process Using the PC App Add part of a measurement Use the graph to add part of a measurement to a task or exposure group. 1. Click on a measurement to select it. 2. In the graph of the measurement, click and drag to select a range. 3.
  • Page 85 Post-process Using the PC App Exposure groups Add an exposure group Click to add exposure groups. Edit the number of workers in an exposure group 1. In the project browser, click on an exposure group. 2. In the Exposure group tab, set the number of workers in the exposure group. ✐...
  • Page 86 Post-process Using the PC App Jobs Add a job Click to add jobs. Context-sensitive menu Right-click on a job to open the context-sensitive menu. Rename: Give the job a different name. Delete: Remove the job from the project. Edit the parameters of the job 1.

  • Page 87: Review Annotations In The Pc Application

    Post-process Using the PC App APV : Assumed protection value c. Click to remove the hearing protection from the job. ✐ Note: Total time, LEX,8h and LCpeak values are updated when tasks/exposure groups are added to the job or when you edit exposure times.

  • Page 88: Create A Report

    Post-process Using the PC App 4. Use the slider to move forward or backward in the recording. 5. Click to open the volume slider. Read notes You will find any notes that have been attached to the measurements in the project in the Notes window. 1.

  • Page 89: Terminology

    TERMINOLOGY Frequency weighting corresponding approximately to the 40 dB equal loudness curve, that A-weighting filter is to say, the human ear’s response at low to medium sound levels. It is by far the most com- monly applied frequency weighting and is used for all levels of sound. Frequency weighting corresponding approximately to the 70 dB equal loudness curve, that B-weighting filter is to say, the human ear’s response at medium sound levels.
  • Page 90 Terminology ards define three time weightings: F (Fast), S (Slow) and I (Impulse). Most measurements are carried out using the F time weighting, which uses a 125 ms time constant. The number of pressure variations per second. Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz). The Frequency normal hearing for a healthy young person ranges from approximately 20 Hz to 20000 Hz (20 kHz).
  • Page 91 Terminology ‘Linear’ frequency weighting is without any frequency weighting, that is, equivalent to LIN, Linear Weighting Z or FLAT. Time-averaged (RMS) weighted acceleration (or voltage) value, averaged over the entire Linear measurement period with frequency weighting Linear. Loudness is the subjective judgement of intensity of a sound by humans. Loudness depends upon the sound pressure and frequency of the stimulus and whether the sound field is dif- Loudness fuse- or free-field.

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