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1.4 Water Chemistry
Bradford White equipment is designed for use in
a wide variety of water conditions. The water velocity
maintained in the heat exchanger tubes is kept high
enough to prevent scaling from hard water and low
enough to avoid corrosion from soft water. Ninety-five
percent of the urban areas in the country have water
that is compatible with this equipment, but in some
areas a water supply will contain a large quantity of
scaling chemicals or the water may be extremely soft
and corrosive. In rare situations the water will contain
both scaling chemicals and corrosive chemicals such
as calcium or sodium chloride. These conditions may
be the result of a nearby well or pumping station and
the particular condition may not be characteristic of
the entire city water system.
If an installer observes damage from these
conditions to any water handling equipment in the
area, a factory representative should be contacted
immediately for assistance in minimizing maintenance
costs. If erosion is present, the pump impeller can be
replaced to reduce water velocity. If scaling conditions
are bad, tube cleaning maintenance schedules can be
established to prevent tube burn-out and cracking.
Neglecting the problem could mean serious damage to
the heater and water system.
Scaling can be recognized as a layer deposited
on the inner walls of the tube which reduces the inner
diameter of the tube. Scale can be any color or texture;
smooth or rough, granular or amorphous. Signs of
erosion are generally pitting, cavitation, ridges and
"islands" on the inner walls of the tubes. Since this
condition results from extremely soft water sources,
or as a result of a water softening program, the
internal copper surfaces will be extremely shiny. Other
chemicals, such as chlorine or chlorides in the water,
will cause dark surfaces of erosion.
In areas where the water supply is extremely
corrosive, it is advisable to order the heater with
cupro-nickel tubes in the exchanger.
Damage From Scaling, Corrosion, or Erosion is
Not Covered by the Warranty.
SECTION 2.
Installation
2.1 Heater Placement
The heater must be placed to provide specific
clearances on all sides for maintenance and inspection.
There must also be minimum distances maintained
from combustible surfaces. These clearances also
apply to non-combustible materials because the heater
requires air circulation for proper operation.
Heater should be mounted on a level surface.
An integral combustible flooring base is provided
as standard equipment on outdoor models. Indoor
models can be installed on a combustible floor with
a special base assembly which is available from the
factory, or with a base that complies with local code
requirements. See rating plate for part number of the
base assembly.
Do not install a heater on carpeting.
Under the National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI
Z223.1, it is permissible to place the heater on floors
other than non-combustible when the installation
complies with the American Insurance Code.
Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 show common installation on
combustible flooring.
2.2. Installation of Indoor Heaters
1.
Locate the water heater to provide adequate
clearance for inspection and service on all sides
(see Table 1). We recommend minimums of 24"
from front (for proper access to and service of
controls) and 18" at water connection end. For
alcove installation (see Figure 6).
2.
Install the heater on a waterproof floor with an
adequate floor drain and a 6" minimum curb on
all four sides to protect the building if heater
repairs are required. The manufacturer will
not be held liable for any water damage in
connection with this heater.
2.2.1 Combustion Air Supply
1.
Copper Brute water heaters must have provisions
for combustion and ventilation air in accordance
with section 5.3, Air for Combustion and
Ventilation, of the National Fuel Gas Code,
ANSI Z223.1, or Sections 7.2, 7.3 or 7.4 of
CSA B149.1, Installation Codes, or applicable
provisions of the local building codes.
A Copper Brute heater may receive combustion
air from the space in which it is installed, or
it can be ducted directly to the unit from the
outside. Ventilation air must be provided in either
case.
2.
In the United States, the most common
requirements specify that the space shall
communicate with the outdoors in accordance
with method 1 or 2, which follow. Where ducts
are used, they shall be of the same cross-sectional
area as the free area of the openings to which
they connect.
Method 1: Two permanent openings, one
commencing within 12 inches (30 cm) of the top
and one commencing within 12 inches (30 cm)
of the bottom, of the enclosure shall be provided.
The openings shall communicate directly, or by
ducts, with the outdoors or spaces that freely
communicate with the outdoors. When directly
communicating with the outdoors, or when
communicating to the outdoors through vertical
BRADFORD WHITE
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