Nautel XR12 Preinstallation Manual
  1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. Nautel Manuals
  4. Transmitter
  5. XR12
  6. Preinstallation manual

Nautel XR12 Preinstallation Manual

Hide thumbs Also See for XR12:
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

Download this manual
XR12 Transmitter
Pre-installation Manual
Document: XR12-PREINST
Issue: 0.17 2005-08-31
Status: Preliminary

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the XR12 and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Related Manuals for Nautel XR12

Summary of Contents for Nautel XR12

  • Page 1 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Document: XR12-PREINST Issue: 0.17 2005-08-31 Status: Preliminary...
  • Page 2 The comparisons and other information provided in this document have been prepared in good faith based on publicly available information. The reader is encouraged to consult the respective manufacturer's most recent published data for verification. © Copyright 2005 NAUTEL. All rights reserved.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Table of contents Contents About this manual About safety Description Capabilities Options Pre-installation tasks Preparing for installation Selecting a location for the transmitter Installing an antenna feedline Physical requirements Dimensions Clearances Weight Cooling requirements Air flow in the transmitter...
  • Page 4 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring Controls Alarms Remote control circuits and alarms Remote performance monitoring Other considerations External RF drive source External 10 MHz frequency reference RF output requirements Antenna feed cable Antenna system Parts and tools Parts supplied by Nautel...
  • Page 5 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual XR series on-site or factory training 10-6 Pre-installation assistance 11-1 Pre-installation consulting 11-1 Installation and commissioning service 11-1 Online documentation 11-4 Onsite support 11-4 Training 11-4 Extended warranties 11-5 List of terms 12-1 Index 13-1 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...
  • Page 6 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Page iv Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 7: About This Manual

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual About this manual This manual provides information about preparing for the delivery and installation of a XR12 transmitter. This manual is intended for use by field technicians, site managers, and installation planners. Using this manual Read the task list provided in Section 2, “Pre-installation tasks”...
  • Page 8 XR12 transmitter. Online resources The Nautel website provides useful resources to keep you up to date on your XR12 transmitter. Nautel User Group (NUG) The website includes a special section that customers can log into in order to access the Nautel customer newsletter, product manuals, frequently asked questions (FAQ), information sheets, and information about field upgrades.

  • Page 9: About Safety

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual About safety All Nautel transmitters are designed to meet the requirements of IEC215, Safety Requirements for Radio Transmitters. Sequenced key interlocks are offered as an option for those customers that require them. The philosophy of IEC215 is that the removal of any cover or panel that can only be opened using a tool is a maintenance activity, and that any person performing a maintenance activity is expected to be trained for that activity.
  • Page 10 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Use a proper lockout procedure to ensure that another worker cannot accidentally reapply power while you are performing maintenance on any part of the transmitter or site. Lightning hazards Before opening the transmitter and touching internal parts, remove and solidly ground the antenna connection.

  • Page 11: Description

    Antenna tolerance The XR12 will operate at full power even with a VSWR of 1.5:1. A higher VSWR results in a protective fallback of output power. The greater the VSWR, the greater the reduction in RF power. (To maintain the quality of digital broadcasts, a maximum VSWR of 1.4:1 is acceptable.) Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 12: Options

    Modulators • Cooling fans AC power The XR12’s variable power transformer can be set to use a range of input voltages and power frequencies. Options The XR12 supports Dynamic Carrier Control (DCC) as an optional external module. DCC reduces the power of the carrier when the sideband power drops below a threshold (that is, when there are periods of silence in the program content).
  • Page 13 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Description The XR12 supports Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) radio as a modulation option. The external DRM signal source provides a signal to the XR12 exciter. Safety interlocks Optional safety interlocks present unsafe access to the transmitter, unless the ac power has been disconnected.
  • Page 14 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Description Page 1-4 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 15: Pre-Installation Tasks

    5-1. Be aware of lightning protection issues when installing AC power. Lightning protection is essential to protect both personnel and equipment at your site. Refer to the Nautel Site Protection Manual. 6. Install lightning protection on the antenna tower. Refer to the Nautel Site Protection Manual.
  • Page 16 See “Installing an external RF drive source” on page 7-2. 15. Prepare to integrate the XR12 transmitter into your station control circuitry, if required. See Section 6, “Control and monitoring” on page 6-1. 16. Train your station technicians and operators on the use and maintenance of the XR12 transmitter.

  • Page 17: Selecting A Location For The Transmitter

    Selecting a location for the transmitter To ensure that the desired location for the XR12 transmitter is suitable, perform the following tasks: 1. Ensure that the floor area where the transmitter will be located is able to support the weight of the transmitter system.
  • Page 18 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Pre-installation tasks Page 2-4 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 19: Physical Requirements

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Physical requirements Section 3: Physical requirements This section provides physical specifications for the XR12 transmitter and its components, and lists physical site requirements. This section includes the following topics: • Dimensions • Clearances - see page 3-2 •...

  • Page 20: Clearances

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Physical requirements Clearances Required minimum clearances are 1.3 m (4.0 feet) at the front of the transmitter, and 2.0 m (6.0 feet) at the rear of the transmitter. (The clearance at the rear of the transmitter is required to allow installation of the power transformer.
  • Page 21 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Physical requirements Figure 3.2: XR12 top view Issue 0.17 2005-08-31 Page 3-3...
  • Page 22 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Physical requirements Figure 3.3: XR12 transmitter cabinet, front view 72.4 cm (28.5”) Page 3-4 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...
  • Page 23 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Physical requirements Figure 3.4: XR12 transmitter cabinet, side view 104 (41”) Issue 0.17 2005-08-31 Page 3-5...
  • Page 24 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Physical requirements Figure 3.5: XR12 transmitter cabinet, rear view 72.4 cm (28.5”) Page 3-6 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...
  • Page 25 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Physical requirements Figure 3.6: XR12 transmitter cabinet, base, seen from above Issue 0.17 2005-08-31 Page 3-7...

  • Page 26: Weight

    Weight For the weight of components in their crates, see Table 3.1, “Weight of components, XR12 with two modules only”. Table 3.1: Weight of components, XR12 with two modules only Uncrated weight Crate contents Main cabinet Power transformer The total weight of the assembled transmitter, once installed, is 329 kg (725 lb.).

  • Page 27: Cooling Requirements

    Air flow in the transmitter The XR12 uses redundant cooling fans and hot-air convection to ensure effective cooling. Cool air is drawn in through filters in the upper portion of the back of the transmitter, or from an intake duct through an opening in the top of the transmitter.
  • Page 28 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Cooling requirements Figure 4.1: Air flow in the XR12 transmitter cabinet, with back panel filter installed Exhaust air Incoming Front of Back of XR12 XR12 Fans Figure 4.2: Air flow in the XR12 transmitter cabinet, with airflow ducts installed...

  • Page 29: Cooling

    Note: Program content is typically equivalent to 85% tone modulation. The air conditioning requirements identified above address only the thermal output of the XR12 transmitter itself. Remember to add air conditioning capacity to support other equipment and sources of heat.

  • Page 30: Heating

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Cooling requirements Heating The transmitter room must contain a heating system that will ensure the ambient air temperature does not drop below 0°C. Page 4-4 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 31: Electrical Requirements

    Do not attempt to perform these activities unless you are a certified electrician. Refer to the Nautel Site Protection Manual for information about requirements associated with lightning protection. Electrical power The transmitter is preconfigured to operate from a 50/60 Hz 3-phase, 3-wire plus ground, Wye or closed delta AC power source.
  • Page 32 AC power switch Install an external AC power disconnect between the AC power source and the transmitter. (Nautel can provide a suitable AC power disconnect, if required.) For safety, place the AC disconnect close to the transmitter and label it TRANSMITTER EMERGENCY ON/OFF SWITCH.
  • Page 33 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Electrical requirements Use a 4-wire Wye (star) configuration, with the three phases Recommended configuration. balanced to ground. CAUTION: Do NOT use open delta three-phase AC power sources that use two identical transformers. These systems are susceptible to third harmonic distortion and line transients, and may cause peak voltages to exceed the line voltage.

  • Page 34: Station Reference Ground

    AC power is connected to the transmitter on the top, left-hand side of the transmitter cabinet. Also ensure that the transmitter site’s grounding rods are adequate. For more information about electrical grounding protection, see the Nautel Site Protection Manual. Page 5-4...

  • Page 35: Control And Monitoring

    Remote performance monitoring - see page 6-8 Controls The XR12’s graphic user interface (GUI) lets you control a number of transmitter functions and set parameters and schedules. (For detailed information about the GUI, refer to the XR12 Operating and Maintenance Manual, XR12-OPS-MAINT.) In addition, you can control the on/off status, the active (A/B) exciter, the preset RF power level, the power level adjustment, and system alarm reset remotely.
  • Page 36 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring The B+ DC current has exceeded 83A. High DC current. The RF current at the input of the combiner/filter has exceeded the set threshold High RF current. for this alarm. The reflected power has exceeded the set threshold for this alarm.

  • Page 37: Remote Control Circuits And Alarms

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring This alarm indicates that excessive low frequency modulation has triggered the Mod. Protection. transmitter’s protection circuit. The softstart relays are open for 1.6 seconds when the transmitter is first Softstart Active. powered on. The software should close the relays after 1.6 seconds and clear this alarm. When active, this alarm causes a shutback and inhibits the RF drive and fan power supplies.
  • Page 38 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring Inputs The following is a description of the remote inputs to the system. These inputs are only accepted by the system if the remote/local status is set to remote, unless otherwise noted. That setting can only be made by a local user.
  • Page 39 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring • J2-9(+) and J2-10(-): Preset Scheduler (Auto/Man). Enables or disables the Automatic Preset (formerly power level) changes. Provide an active pulse to toggle between Auto or Manual modes. The associated 3-pin header/2-socket shunt post on the remote interface board is E12.
  • Page 40 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring • TB1-15(+) and TB1-16(-): EXCITER B input terminals. Cause a changeover to select exciter B as the main exciter. Setting is saved in current preset. Provide an active pulse to select this exciter.
  • Page 41 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring • J3-21, Auto Exciter Status. Indicates if the current preset allows auto exciter changeover in the event of failures. (Set from the GUI only.) • J3-20, Memory Battery Alarm. See “Low backup battery” on page 6-3.

  • Page 42: Remote Performance Monitoring

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring Remote performance monitoring The transmitter provides outputs that let you monitor RF performance. They include DC voltages that represent the forward power level, the reflected power level, the B+ voltage and the DC current.
  • Page 43 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring A true sample of the RF output voltage waveform is availablethrough the J8 RF monitor sample. BNC connector (RF MONITOR) on the remote interface board. The RF monitor output is intended to be applied to a station modulation monitor with a 50 ohm input impedance. It may also be monitored by an oscilloscope during maintenance procedures.
  • Page 44 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Control and monitoring Page 6-10 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 45: Other Considerations

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Other considerations Section 7: Other considerations This section describes other considerations regarding the XR12 transmitter. • External RF drive source • External RF drive source - see page 7-1 Also review considerations associated with XR12 accessories. See “Accessories”...

  • Page 46: External 10 Mhz Frequency Reference

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Other considerations Installing an external RF drive source 1. If the RF drive for one or both exciters is to be applied from an external source, connect its wiring as follows: • Route RF drive coaxial cable through a cable entry hole in the cabinet and through the ferrite toroid, to the vicinity of the remote interface board.

  • Page 47: Rf Output Requirements

    • Antenna feed cable • Antenna system - see page 8-3 For detailed information about protecting the antenna system from lightning strikes, see the Nautel Site Protection Manual. Antenna feed cable Maximum voltage The maximum voltage at the transmitter’s connection to a 50 ohm load is 3,500 V peak.
  • Page 48 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual RF output requirements A frequent cause of breakdowns at an insulator surface is the junction Three-material junctions: of three materials: a metal conductor, a solid insulator, and a gas insulator. The insulators form a capacitive RF divider between the metal conductor and the grounded periphery. Since the dielectric constant of the solid is higher than the gas (air), the high voltage stress is concentrated on the air.

  • Page 49: Antenna System

    IBOC. This requires information about phase versus frequency for Hermitian symmetry at the power amplifier. The information will be provided with the transmitter at time of shipment. For information about your transmitter’s RF phase, contact Nautel Customer Support. Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...
  • Page 50 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual RF output requirements Page 8-4 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 51: Parts And Tools

    Parts supplied by Nautel Ancillary parts kit An ancillary parts kit is shipped with the XR12. This kit contains hardware needed during the installation process. The kit includes fans, filters, spare fuses, screws and other miscellaneous hardware. It also includes components you need during installation (for example, wheels to attach to the frame of the power transformer to allow manual installation).

  • Page 52: Parts Not Supplied By Nautel

    XR12 Technical Reference Manual, XR12-REF. detailed technical information about the XR12 transmitter. The full suite of XR12 Transmitter documents is also provided in Acrobat PDF format on the Nautel website, in the Nautel User Group (NUG) section. Parts not supplied by Nautel Some parts and materials required to complete installation are not supplied by Nautel.

  • Page 53: Tools For Installation

    XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Parts and tools Tools for installation The tools you need during transmitter installation include the following: • Digital voltmeter • Philips screwdrivers, sizes #1 and #2 • Pliers • Wire cutters • 5/16 Allen Key •...
  • Page 54 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Parts and tools Page 9-4 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...

  • Page 55: Accessories

    AC power source or the antenna or ground system. Nautel offers an AC line surge protection panel, which is suitable for use with the XR12 transmitter. (Various versions are available, depending on your AC configuration and supply voltage.) However, you can use any surge protector with at least a 1,500...

  • Page 56: Rf Contactor

    The automatic antenna transfer control unit is a 19-inch rack mountable assembly that is used in conjunction with two Nautel AM or FM broadcast series transmitters that are to be connected in a main/standby configuration. The control unit controls the on/off status of the transmitters by controlling the status of their safety interlock circuits.

  • Page 57: Automatic Switching System

    Figure 10.2: RF contactor assembly Automatic switching system The automatic switching system is a changeover rack for the XR12 that includes an automatic antenna transfer control unit and an RF contactor. The main component of the automatic switching system is a double-pole, double-throw latching switch.

  • Page 58: Spares

    Accessories Spares XR12 spares kit The XR12 spares kit includes fans, fuses, and semiconductors. Contact Nautel Customer Support for details about the contents of the spares kit for your transmitter. XR series power module The XR power module integrates 4 modulators and 8 amplifier units with a combined power output rating of 9.4 kW including carrier and modulation.
  • Page 59 Figure 10.5: Power modulator unit Extended warranty plans Extended warranty plans add 12 or 24 months to Nautel's standard 13-month warranty and includes a module exchange program for many common modules and circuit boards, a toll-free hotline, necessary labor conducted at Nautel facilities or by Nautel authorized personnel to repair to specifications, necessary components, modifications to improve performance, and return shipping costs.
  • Page 60 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Accessories Documentation The XR12 transmitter is shipped with one set of printed XR12 technical manuals. Additional printed manuals can be ordered from Nautel. All technical manuals are also available online. For detailed information, see “Online documentation”...
  • Page 61 Pre-installation consulting Nautel field support specialists are available to answer questions and work with you to ensure that your site will be ready for the installation of your XR12 transmitter. For support, contact Nautel Customer Service and request assistance. Installation and commissioning service Nautel offers an installation and commissioning service to customers who want ‘turnkey’...
  • Page 62 AC power wiring for the transmitter is installed and connected at the breaker panel or the building’s service entrance. If local electrical codes allow Nautel personnel to connect the transmitter to the AC supply using the customer's cable, that task is included in this service.
  • Page 63 The service representative also provides a demonstration and a short explanation of the operation of the transmitter. Finally, the customer signs an “Acceptance of Installation Certificate” that provides feedback to Nautel regarding the commissioning service. Issue 0.17 2005-08-31 Page 11-3...
  • Page 64 Nautel training programs are made up of individual modules that can be 'mixed and matched' to meet the customer’s specific training needs. All Nautel training courses are available at the Nautel Training Center.
  • Page 65 Extended warranties Nautel's standard 13-month warranty provides excellent coverage and satisfies most customers’ needs. However, if you want extended coverage, Nautel offers one and two-year Extended Warranty Plans to cover electrical and mechanical repairs or replacements for all Nautel equipment.

  • Page 66: Extended Warranty Plans

    If Nautel’s service technicians are unable to solve the problem over the telephone, Nautel will give you an RMA number. You then return the module or circuit board to a Nautel service facility so that Nautel can provide a replacement. (Do not ship a component back to Nautel until you have an RMA number.)
  • Page 67 Preset. day and date basis. Exciters can be configured on a preset for a specific operating mode (for example, Exciter A - conventional AM, and Exciter B - IBOC). The XR12 allows you to pre-program up to six presets. An electrical panel that protects equipment from electrical surges in the Surge protection board.
  • Page 68 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual List of terms Page 12-2 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...
  • Page 69 XR12 Transmitter Index Section 13: Index 10-4 bench testing bi-directional surge protection Numerics 11-4 binders, documentation 4-wire Wye (star) configuration bowl type bushing insulators breakdown flashover breakdown level British thermal units (Btu) 10-1 AC line surge protection building entrance AC power...
  • Page 70 XR12 Transmitter Index frequency oscillator frequency reference depth, of cabinet frequently asked questions, on Nautel web- designated reference ground point 1-vi site digital broadcasting digital modulation schemes dimensions, cabinet 11-4 gas breakdown flashover documentation, online gas insulator GPS clock signal...
  • Page 71 6-1, 6-3 preset RF power level previously installed RF feedline 11-4 pricing, support 1-vi Nautel User Group, on website primary winding, power transformer 10-3 NAX154, dynamic carrier control unit programming format 10-1 NAX188 AC line surge protection 1-vi...
  • Page 72 RF 4-3, 6-4, 6-5 typical program content snow, as a trigger of insulator breakdown solid insulator 10-4 uncrated weight spares kit (XR12 KIT) upgrading a site square law function upper rear panel standards 1-vi user group, on Nautel website...
  • Page 73 XR PA, plug-in power amplifier unit 10-4 XR PM, XR series power module 10-4 XR PMTK, module testing cable 10-4 XR series power module 10-4 XR12 KIT, spares kit 10-4 XR12 spares kit (XR12 KIT) Issue 0.17 2005-08-31 Page 13-5...
  • Page 74 XR12 Transmitter Index Page 13-6 Issue 0.17 2005-08-31...
  • Page 76 XR12 Transmitter Pre-installation Manual Document: XR12-PREINST Issue: 0.17 2005-08-31 Nautel Limited 10089 Peggy’s Cove Road Hackett’s Cove, NS Canada B3Z 3J4 Phone: +1.902.823.2233 Fax: +1.902.823.3183 Nautel Maine Inc. 201 Target Industrial Circle Bangor, Maine USA 04401 Phone: (207) 947-8200 Fax: (207) 947-3693 Email: support@nautel.com...

Table of Contents