Bendix/King KFC 500 Pilot's Manual
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Bendix/King KFC 500 Pilot's Manual

Flight control system
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KFC 500
Pilot's Guide
Bendix/King
®
Flight Control System
006-08750-0000
September 1993

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  • Page 1 KFC 500 Pilot’s Guide Bendix/King ® Flight Control System 006-08750-0000 September 1993...

  • Page 2: Introduction

    Internal safety monitors and Control System combines complete automatic self-test functions keep autopilot and flight director computa- constant track of the KFC 500’s sta- tion functions in a single computer. tus, and provide signals for auto- Its digital flight computer and inte-...
  • Page 3 Important: This Pilot's Guide provides a general description of the various operational characteristics of the KFC 500 Flight Control System. However, operation of the system should not be attempted without first reviewing the applicable FAA Approved Rotorcraft Flight Manual Supplement for complete system...

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Vertical Speed (VS) ................17 KMS 540 Autopilot and Yaw Damper Mode Selection Yaw Damper (YD) ................19 Autopilot (AP) .................19 KFC 500 Equipment Descriptions KSA 572 Trim Actuator..............20 KLA 570 Linear Actuator ..............20 KVG 350 Attitude Gyro ..............20 KCS 305 Slaved Compass System ..........21 KRG 332 Yaw Rate Gyro ...............21...
  • Page 5 DG SEL 1-2 ..................23 DME HOLD ..................23 VG FAST ERECT ................23 Cyclic Grip Switch Assembly ............24 Collective Switch Assembly............25 Basic EFS 40 Description ED 461 EFIS Display..............26 EFS 40 Display Units ..............27 KAD 480 Air Data System KDC 481T Central Air Data Computer ...........32 KAV 485 Altitude/Vertical Speed Indicator ........34 Emergency Procedures ..............39 Preflight Procedures ................43...

  • Page 6: System Components

    KFC 500 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM ED 462 ED 462 KAV 485 FOUR TUBE EFS 40 SYSTEM ı ı KLN 90/90A 1, 1 60 ı KLN 90 =TOP |PRESENT POS dddddid‹ddd| ALERT 89.4nm|BUM 300^FR 180kt| 37.4NM 30. 0 8 1, 6 90...
  • Page 8 KFC 500 Normal Operation...

  • Page 9: Kms 540 Flight Director Mode Select Panel

    Engaging the The KFC 500 will engage in only KFC 500 in any tracking mode auto- one horizontal and one vertical track- matically cancels the corresponding ing mode at a time. Flight director default mode for that particular axis.

  • Page 10: Pitch Attitude Hold/Roll Attitude/Heading Hold

    Hold and Roll Attitude/Heading Hold the KSG 305 Compass System's automatically engage unless other Directional Gyro provides heading tracking modes are selected. Pitch informantion Flight Attitude Hold Roll Director/Autopilot. Attitude/Heading Hold are annunci- Selecting any horizontal or verti- ated on the EADI as PIT and ROL, cal tracking mode cancels Roll respectively.

  • Page 11: Vertical Command Control

    attitude. Roll attitudes of less than six Activating Discrete or Continuous degrees of bank will cause the Flight Lateral Command has the following Director to revert to commands for effect upon command values in flight roll-level flight with heading hold. director operations: Flight Director Lateral Command Values Discrete Command...

  • Page 12: Force Trim Release

    Vertical Command has the effect ment. The Force Trim System must upon command values in flight direc- be “ON” for the AFCS to operate. tor operations shown in the preced- Navigation Standby ing table. Force Trim Release (FTR) Standby When the Navigation Standby Switch on the cyclic is momentarily When the Flight Director is depressed, the flight director deacti-...

  • Page 13: Yaw Force Trim Release

    Yaw Trim Yaw Force Trim Release Force Trim Trim Release A Collective mounted Yaw Trim A Collective mounted Yaw Force Switch is provided. Holding the Trim Release provided. switch to the right or left moves the Depressing this switch releases the Yaw brake, allowing free pedal Yaw Axis in the corresponding direc- tion at a constant rate.

  • Page 14: Kms 540 Lateral Mode Selection

    KMS 540 Lateral Mode Selection HDG (heading select) Heading Select Bug Depressing the HDG pushbutton on the mode select panel activates 12.6 Heading Select mode. The Heading mode will provide flight director com- mands to track the heading bug on the EHSI.

  • Page 15: Navigation (Nav)

    Mode when tracking inbound on the the flight director initiates the NAV appropriate course. Capture sequence immediately. When the KFC 500 is coupled to Selected Course Course Pointer a flight management system (FMS) that has a composite steering com- mand to drive the flight director (ie.
  • Page 16 12.6 the EHSI. Intercept angles between 0° and 105° cause the KFC 500 to select the ILS front course. Angles between 106° and 180° cause the flight director to command back course interception and tracking.

  • Page 17: Kms 540 Vertical Mode Selection

    KMS 540 Vertical Mode Selection deactivated to inhibit capture and KAV 485 Altitude Select tracking of the preselected altitude. ı If the value of selected altitude is changed while in altitude capture, the system reverts to pitch attitude hold mode. In the event of sustained invalid altitude, ALT SEL mode will deactivate.

  • Page 18: Indicated Airspeed (Ias)

    of Attitude Hold engagement is used. OVERSPEED PROTECTION Selecting Altitude Hold after the A flashing IAS lamp indicates Altitude Select mode has been loss of a sensor required to hold the engaged cancels Altitude Select current reference airspeed (e.g. (white “ALT” on EADI). The flight invalid indicated airspeed).
  • Page 19 the absence of a preselected vertical KAV 485 speed, engaging the mode will cause Vertical Speed Select the flight director to command a DEN ALT IN HG HPa climb or descent at the current heli- copter vertical speed. In addition, vertical speed commands may be modified through use of the autopilot CBT switch.

  • Page 20: Kms 540 Autopilot And Yaw Damper Mode Selection

    KMS 540 Autopilot and Yaw Damper Mode Selection YD (yaw damper) AP (autopilot) The lamp above the YD pushbutton The lamp above the AP pushbutton illuminates and a green “YD” illuminates when the autopilot appears on the EADI when yaw engaged.

  • Page 21: Ksa 572 Trim Actuator

    KSA 572 TRIM ACTUATOR KLA 570 LINEAR ACTUATOR The KFC 500 incorporates three trim A KLA 570 Linear Actuator is actuators (one per axis) in parallel installed in each axis of the control with the helicopter control linkage to system. The linear actuator is...

  • Page 22: Kcs 305 Slaved Compass System

    KCS 305 SLAVED COMPASS KRG 332 YAW RATE GYRO SYSTEM The KRG 332 is a remote mounted AUTO rate gyroscope used to provide yaw rate information to the Flight The KCS 305 system is comprised of Computer and EFS 40 Symbol the KSG 105 Directional Gyro, the Generator.

  • Page 23: Kcp 520 Flight Computer

    KCP 520 FLIGHT COMPUTER MSTR (Pilot) switching is located on the pedestal. EFS 40 EADI bright- ı ness is controlled via the respective KC P 52 0 ADI BRT knob located on switch panel. The Autopilot Master switch pro- vides the power input to the Automatic Flight Control System.

  • Page 24: Vg Sel 1-2

    DME HOLD VG SEL 1-2 HOLD The vertical gyro select VG SEL switch/annunciator allows switch/annunciator allows HOLD the pilot to activate DME the pilot (co-pilot as well hold. When DME hold is in a four-tube EFS 40 activated, the DME will hold the fre- installation) to select an alternate ver- quency of the VOR/ILS station tical gyro reference for display on the...

  • Page 25: Cyclic Grip Switch Assembly

    Cyclic Grip Switch Assembly NAV Stand-By Switch — Located on the cyclic, the NAV Stand-By Switch disengages the flight director when pressed. The autopilot and yaw damper remain engaged in the default modes, Pitch Attitude Hold and Roll Attitude/Heading Hold. Force Trim Release Switch —...

  • Page 26: Collective Switch Assembly

    Collective Switch Assembly Yaw Force Trim Go-Around Pushbutton– Go- Release Around mode cancels any lateral Yaw Trim flight director mode and commands a pitch attitude necessary for 750 fpm rate of climb. The autopilot if engaged remains engaged. Any lateral flight director mode can be subsequently reengaged without cancelling the Go-Around mode.

  • Page 27: Ed 461 Efis Display

    EFS 40 Electronic Flight Instrument System “Push Sync” – Syncs the heading bug with the lubber 12.6 line. TST-SYS – alternates display of time to station and ground speed. When depressed and held, the system activates preflight test. 360° HSI – selects 360° ADF 2 display combination of HSI, MAP, and...

  • Page 28: Efs 40 Display Units

    30 degrees. attempts to describe only the Flight Director Command Bars — information about the system that Flight director commands are pertains to the KFC 500 Flight displayed as moving bar(s) when the Control System. flight director engaged.
  • Page 29 105 when interfaced with the KFC 500: degrees, the left/right directional display is reversed and a BC • Vertical Speed ±...
  • Page 30 Marker Beacon Annunciation — Rising Runway — The display of three marker beacon the rising runway is available in the annunciations are capable of being Approach mode when a localizer or displayed on the EADI. Outer MLS and radar altitude are marker, “OM”, is displayed in cyan, available.
  • Page 31 EHI 40 features that apply to the of display on the opposite side from KFC 500 Flight Control System. For which the vertical deviation scale is additional information on the EHI 40, displayed.
  • Page 32 DME information and concentrates it into a single data bus structure. The KFC 500 captures and tracks the naviga- tion source selected on the pilot's EHSI if the Flight Director NAV mode is chosen.

  • Page 33: Kad 480 Air Data System

    KAD 480 Air Data System The KAD 480 Digital Air Data System is comprised of the KDC 481T Central Air Data Computer, and the KAV 485 Altitude/Vertical Speed Indicator. K D C 4 8 1 KDC 481T Central Air Data Computer The heart of the KAD 480 Air Data System, the KDC 481T Central...
  • Page 34 Intentionally Left Blank...

  • Page 35: Kav 485 Altitude/Vertical Speed Indicator

    KAV 485 Altitude/Vertical Speed Indicator ı 1, 1 60 ALERT 30. 0 8 1, 7 00 DEN ALT IN HG HPa 1000 FT/MIN BARO 1. Hg/HPa Pushbutton 9. Altitude Alert Annunciation 2. Altimeter Flag 10. Altitude Select/Density 3. Altimeter Altitude 4.
  • Page 36 “FAIL” annunciator appear as Speed Indicator provides centralized necessary to indicate invalid display and control of some of the altimeter information. KFC 500’s most commonly used altitude and vertical speed functions. Altimeter Setting — Displays the Display features include current barometric pressure setting.
  • Page 37 Control; alternatively, pressing the son to select the value provides the Force Trim Release Pushbutton with active selected altitude. the KFC 500 in the Vertical Speed Pulling the smaller knob to its mode synchronizes the bug with the outer position initializes the vertical aircraft’s current vertical speed.
  • Page 38 Vertical Speed Engage Altitude Select Pushbutton — Pushbutton — Pressing the When pressed, the altitude select Vertical Speed Engage pushbutton key engages the flight director’s causes the flight director to com- Altitude Arm function in coordination mand the aircraft to climb or descend with the digital altitude display in the at the rate indicated by the vertical KAV 485’s altitude preselect window.

  • Page 40: Emergency Procedures

    KFC 500 Emergency Procedures...
  • Page 41 If monitors in immediately execute the following the KFC 500 detect a problem, the procedures: autopilot will disconnect, illuminate an AP annunciation, and provide an 1. Helicopter Controls — GRASP aural disconnect tone.
  • Page 42 Manual Autopilot Shutdown It is important to realize the dif- ferent ways an autopilot can be manually disconnected. The follow- ing list describes the alternate meth- ods used to manually disable the autopilot. 1. Autopilot Mode pushbutton — PRESS AP, THEN RELEASE. 2.

  • Page 44: Preflight Procedures

    KFC 500 Preflight Procedures...
  • Page 45 Preflight Procedures Caution: Operation of the Autopilot Air Data System Self Test on the ground may cause undesired 1. Verify correct altimeter setting rotor control/movement. on the altimeter/vertical speed The Bell 230 has preflight test indicator. sequences required in addition to the general procedures described here.
  • Page 46 Electronic Flight Instrument Self Test See EFS 40/50 Pilot’s Guide and the Aircraft Flight Manual Supplement for procedures.

  • Page 48: Operational Examples

    KFC 500 Operational Examples...

  • Page 49: Attitude Hold

    Operational Examples Attitude Hold ı Attitude Hold Operation maintains the helicopter’s reference attitude (not altitude) The reference attitude may be modified using the vertical and lateral command control (Cyclic Beep Trim). Alternatively: 1. Establish the desired pitch and roll attitude. 2.

  • Page 50: Heading Select

    If the autopilot is engaged, the pitch attitude present at selection of 11.0 NAV STBY is maintained. Roll atti- tude defaults to roll-level/heading hold. Attitude Hold mode becomes active. 010° Force Trim Release SYNC The HDG knob is used to move the heading bug on the HSI.

  • Page 51: Go-Around Mode

    Go-Around Mode When appropriate, a new lateral mode and/or vertical mode may be Prior to or when the MDA or DH engaged to provide guidance. is reached, add appropriate climb collective power and depress the Navigation Coupling GO-AROUND pushbutton on the col- lective switch panel.

  • Page 52: Yaw Force Trim Release

    Yaw Force Trim Release To reposition the pedals when Force the Yaw Damper is engaged, press Trim and hold the Yaw Force Trim Release Release switch. The Yaw brake will disengage, allowing free pedal movement. Autopilot operation in the pitch and roll axes will not be dis- turbed.

  • Page 53: Takeoff And Climb

    Take Off and Climb The following examples describe possible applications of the KFC 500 Flight Control System, other applications may be available. Consult the Rotorcraft Flight Manual Supplement for specific operating instructions and limitations. 090° ı Objective: Depart the assigned run- way, turn to a 010°...
  • Page 54 2. After takeoff establish the appro- ı priate climb attitude. When a safe altitude has been reached, activate the Heading Select mode by depressing the HDG pushbutton on the mode select panel. Activate the desired vertical mode by selecting the appropriate button on the mode select panel.

  • Page 55: Front Course Ils Approach

    4. A momentary tone and alert ı annunciation is initiated 1,000 feet prior to reaching the selected alti- tude. Prior to reaching the selected altitude, the autopilot transitions from Altitude ARM to Altitude Capture (CAPT) and then engages Altitude Hold automatically. There is no need to depress the ALT pushbutton on the mode controller if the altitude select is used.
  • Page 56 Procedure Turn to an ILS Approach ı Objective: Fly outbound, execute a procedure turn, and fly a coupled ILS approach. 1. With Heading and Altitude Hold engaged, the aircraft is flying 270° to intercept the localizer outbound. The localizer front course (inbound) of 58°...

  • Page 57: Go-Around From An Ils Approach

    2. When the computed capture point ı is reached, the LOC Approach Coupled mode is automatically acti- vated and a left turn outbound on the localizer is commanded by the flight director and satisfied by the autopilot. Note the left/right deviations are directional.
  • Page 58 6. Throughout the approach proce- dure, the airspeed must be controlled by the pilot via the collective. Note: The KFC 500 Autopilot/Flight Director will only maintain one pitch mode at a time: Pitch Attitude Hold, Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed Hold, Go Around, Indicated Airspeed Hold, or Glideslope.

  • Page 59: Localizer Back Course Approach

    ILS Transition to Missed Approach Objective: Transition from an ILS approach to missed approach and ı Go-Around. Continuing the maneu- ver on the preceding page, Approach Coupling occurs and the Glideslope mode is annunciated as it is coupled. 1. The autopilot is following the flight director commands which maintain localizer centerline tracking.
  • Page 60 2. At Decision Height, a missed ı approach is initiated by pressing the Go-Around button as collective is added. The Go-Around button is located on the collective. The Go- Around pushbutton activates the Go-Around mode which provides flight director commands to certifi- cation specific vertical speed and roll-level attitude.
  • Page 61 Localizer Back Course Approach OBJECTIVE: Fly outbound on the localizer, complete a procedure turn and fly the localizer back course approach to the airport. ı 1. In Heading Select and Altitude Hold mode with the localizer fre- quency selected in the active naviga- tion receiver, the aircraft is flying 45°...
  • Page 62 Note: The KFC 500 Autopilot/Flight Director will only maintain one pitch mode at a time: Pitch Attitude Hold, Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed Hold, Go Around, Indicated Airspeed Hold, or Glideslope.
  • Page 63 4. At the point specified to begin the ı procedure turn inbound, select 315° with the heading bug for a 180° turn toward the localizer. The deviation bar shows pictorially the course you are to intercept as well as the angle of intercept.
  • Page 64 6. Disengage the autopilot or press the Go-Around pushbutton at the missed approach point. The Go- Around pushbutton will activate the Go-Around mode in which the flight director commands a 750 fpm cllmb and roll-level flight. The Go-Around pushbutton is located on the collec- tive.

  • Page 65: Performance Specifications

    Performance Specifications Mode Parameter KFC 500 Value Attitude Hold Pitch Command Profile 0.1G or 2 Deg/Sec Pitch Hold Accuracy ± .3 Deg Smooth Air Roll Angle Limit 25 Deg Roll Command Rate Limit 4 Deg/Sec Roll Hold Accuracy ± 1 Deg...
  • Page 66 Mode Parameter KFC 500 Value Go-Around Pitch Up Command Pitch to 750 fpm Climb Alt Sel Engage Range 0 to 55,000 Ft. Engage Vert Spd Limit Function of Vert. Speed Max “G” During Capture ± 0.1G Alt Hold Engage Range -1,000 to 20,000 Ft.
  • Page 67 Honeywell International Inc. One Technology Center 23500 W. 105 th Street Olathe, Kansas 66061 FAX 913-791-1302 Telephone: (913) 712-0400 Copyright ©1993 Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved. 006-08750-0000 Rev. 0 Sept/93...

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