Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-221F Instruction Manual
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Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-221F Instruction Manual

Phase and ground distance relay; ground directional overcurrent relay; synchronism checking relay; reclosing relay; fault locator
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SEL-221F
SEL-221F-1
PHASE AND GROUND DISTANCE RELAY
GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY
SYNCHRONISM CHECKING RELAY
RECLOSING RELAY
FAULT LOCATOR
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES
2350 NE HOPKINS COURT
PULLMAN, WA 99163-5603
TEL: (509) 332-1890
FAX: (509) 332-7990

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Summary of Contents for Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-221F

  • Page 1 SEL-221F SEL-221F-1 PHASE AND GROUND DISTANCE RELAY GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY SYNCHRONISM CHECKING RELAY RECLOSING RELAY FAULT LOCATOR INSTRUCTION MANUAL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES 2350 NE HOPKINS COURT PULLMAN, WA 99163-5603 TEL: (509) 332-1890 FAX: (509) 332-7990...
  • Page 2 The software (firmware), schematic drawings, relay commands, and relay messages are copyright protected by the United States Copyright Law and International Treaty provisions. All rights are reserved. You may not copy, alter, disassemble, or reverse-engineer the software. You may not provide the software to any third party.
  • Page 4 The annual upgrade policy can be purchased at any time. Regardless of whether the upgrade policy is purchased, SEL will make reasonable efforts to notify all customers of all available upgrades. SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES 2350 NE Hopkins Court Pullman, WA 99163-5603 USA Phone: (509) 332-1890 Fax: (509) 332-7990...
  • Page 5 All brand or product names in this document are the trademark or registered trademark of their respective holders. Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, SEL , Connectorized, and are registered trademarks of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories. OGIC Copyright © SEL 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 (All rights reserved) Printed in USA.
  • Page 6 1 Amp Per Phase Option For this version of the SEL-221F relay, the nominal current is 1 ampere per phase, instead of 5 amperes per phase stated in the specifications section. Secondary quantities should be divided by five in all calculations of current. The default settings are the same as the 5 ampere relays.
  • Page 7 M = multiples of pickup. Curve Cl: Standard Inverse Beyond 20 multiples of pickup, all characteristics become definite-time equal to the time of M=20. Curve C2: Very Inverse Curve C3: Extremely Inverse Curve C4: Long Time Backup SEL-221F Relay Addendum Date Code 961202...
  • Page 8 Time Curve C1 Time Curve C2 Time Curve C3 Time Curve C4 Date Code 961202 SEL-221F Relay Addendum...
  • Page 9 SEL RELAY INSTRUCTION MANUAL ADDENDUM ACB PHASE ROTATION OPTION The SEL relay instruction manuals are written for standard ABC phase rotation applications. If your SEL relay is ordered with the ACB phase rotation option, references made in the instruction manual to voltage and current phase angle should be noted accordingly. The firmware identification number (FID) may be used to verify whether your relay was ordered with ABC or ACB rotation.

  • Page 14: Table Of Contents

    COMMUNICATIONS Introduction.......................... Serial Port Connections and Configurations................Communications Protocol...................... Command Characteristics...................... Command Descriptions ......................SEL-221F Distance Relay/Fault Locator Command Summary..........3-24 EVENT REPORTING Event Report Generation ....................... Summary Event Report ......................Long Event Report........................ Example Event Reports......................Firmware Identification ......................4-15...
  • Page 15 Power Supply Voltages Test....................7-42 Calibration..........................7-42 Troubleshooting ........................7-43 Firmware Upgrade Instructions ..................... 7-46 Program to Compute Test Set Settings for Testing Distance Relays ........7-48 APPENDICES Parts Placement Diagram Table of Contents Date Code 961208 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 16 Standard Zone 2 BC Fault Using Factory Relay Settings ......... 7-34 Table 7.16: Zone 2 AG Fault Quantities ..................7-36 Table 7.17: 1AG Fault....................... 7-37 Table 7.18: Contact Inputs and Terminal Numbers ..............7-41 Date Code 961208 Table of Contents SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 17 FIGURES Figure 1.1: System Single Line Diagram for the SEL-221F-1 Relay Modification Explanation ...................... Figure 2.1: Three Zones of Phase and Ground Mho Distance Protection ........Figure 2.2: 32Q Polarization Criteria ..................2-10 Figure 2.3: Relay Targets......................2-22 Figure 2.4: Self-Polarized Mho Element Reach at Maximum Torque Angle .......
  • Page 18 Figure 7.11: Three Voltage vs. One Voltage for Directional Tests..........7-29 Figure 7.12: Voltage Connections When SYNCP = A ..............7-40 Figure 7.13: Nine-Pin Connecter Pin Number Convention ............7-42 Date Code 961208 Table of Contents SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 19 Model Variations Covered By This Instruction Manual..............Other SEL-221F Relay Model Variations ..................General Description ......................... FIGURES Figure 1.1: System Single Line Diagram for the SEL-221F-1 Relay Modification Explanation ......................Date Code 920508 Table of Contents SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 20: Introduction

    SEL-221F relays. Firmware changes to the logic controlling reclosing and command access level differentiate SEL-221F relay model variations. If you are not familiar with the SEL-221F or SEL-221F-1 relay, we suggest that you read this introduction, then perform the Initial Checkout Procedure in Section 7: MAINTENANCE &...

  • Page 21: Model Variations Covered By This Instruction Manual

    SEL-221F-1 Relay SEL-22lF-1 relay 79RS timer begins timing after the 52A input to the relay is energized following a close. This is different from the SEL-221F relay which starts the 79RS timer when the relay CLOSE output contact asserts. To illustrate the benefits of this modification, please refer to the system in Figure 1.1, on the following page.

  • Page 22: Other Sel-221F Relay Model Variations

    SEL-221F relay. GENERAL DESCRIPTION Because the -1 relay variation is derived from the SEL-221F relay, this manual refers to both variations (standard and -1) as the SEL-221F relay. The SEL-221F Phase and Ground Distance Relay with fault locator simultaneously provides high-speed and time delayed protection for transmission, subtransmission, and distribution lines.
  • Page 23 The relay stores the latest twelve event reports, allowing retrieval and examination after the event. You may retrieve any or all records remotely or locally through either of the two serial communications ports. Introduction Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 24 TRIP outputs are always an "a" type contact. The relay is compatible with the SEL-PRTU™ protective relay terminal unit, the SEL-DTA™ Display/Transducer Adapter, SEL-RD Relay Display, and the SEL-PROFILE ® Transmission Line Fault Analysis Program. Date Code 920508 Introduction SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 25: Specifications

    Figure 2.13: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Very Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 3) ..................2-42 Figure 2.14: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Extremely Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 4) ..................2-43 Logic Diagrams ..........................2-44 Date Code 920508 Table of Contents SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 26: Relay Standards And Input Parameters

    125/250 Volt: 85 - 350 Vdc or 85 - 264 Vac; 12 watts Ratings 3.5" x 19" x 10.5" (8.89 cm x 48.2 cm x 26.7 cm)(H x W x D), SEL-221F, -1 Dimensions Mounts in EIA 19" rack, or panel cutout.

  • Page 27: Functional Specifications

    RFI Tests MHz and 450 MHz randomly keyed on and off one meter from relay. Electrostatic IEC 801-2 (type tested) Discharge Tests 16 pounds (7.3 kg), SEL-221F, -1 Unit Weight Shipping Weight 26 pounds (11.8 kg), including two instruction manuals. Burn-in 140°F (60°C) for 100 hours.

  • Page 28: Figure 2.1: Three Zones Of Phase And Ground Mho Distance Protection

    Low-set phase overcurrent elements supervise phase distance elements and release the TRIP output contacts in conjunction with the low-set residual overcurrent element. Low-set phase overcurrent elements help detect blown potential fuses in Loss-of-Potential logic. Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 29 Supervision may be applied to closures initiated by external equipment. Relay setting allows synch-check potential to be taken from any phase. IRIG-B Input The relay accepts demodulated IRIG-B from an external clock source to set the internal clock automatically. Date Code 920508 Specifications SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 30 (see Programmable Logic Masks). These masks determine the state of the output relay and reclosing sequence, depending on which elements are asserted in the Relay Word. Table 2.1 shows the SEL-221F Relay Word. Table 2.1: Relay Word Z2PT...
  • Page 31 (P to represent real power), and megavars (Q to represent reactive power) in primary values. You can display these values locally or remotely with the METER command. Date Code 920508 Specifications SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 32: Detailed Specifications

    Phase-Phase Distance (Secondary Quantities) 21AB1, 21BC1, 21CA1: 0.125 to 64 ohms 21AB2, 21BC2, 21CA2: 0.125 to 64 ohms 21AB3, 21BC3, 21CA3: 0.125 to 64 ohms Zone 1 < Zone 2 < Zone 3 Date Code 930317 Specifications SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 33 See Figure 2.10 for operating time curves. Memory Polarization Phase and ground distance elements are positive-sequence memory voltage polarized from an infinite impulse-response filter with a four-cycle time constant, yielding polarization for at least six cycles. Date Code 920508 Specifications SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 34 Pickup: 0.5 to 8.0 A, ±0.05 A ±3% of setting Timing: ±4% and ±1 cycle for residual current magnitude between 2 and 20 multiples of pickup May be directionally controlled (51NTC setting) Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 35: Figure 2.2: 32Q Polarization Criteria

    Pickup: I2 = 0.083 A (fixed) Positive-sequence overvoltage element (59P) Pickup: User settable, 0 - 80 V 1 - n Positive-sequence undervoltage element (27P) Pickup: User settable, 0 - 80 V 1 - n 2-10 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 36 You may select any phase for a synchronism checking source. The VS input voltage rating is 0 - 120 volts line-to-neutral. Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-11 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 37: Table 2.2: Logic Input Functions

    The PT input is normally used in Permissive Overreaching Transfer Tripping (POTT) schemes. When the PT input is asserted, elements set in the MPT logic mask are enabled for tripping (see the LOGIC MPT command). Asserting this input triggers an event report. 2-12 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 38 The TRIP output never closes for less than the TRIP Duration (TDUR) timer interval. After this, it opens when the fault condition is gone, and both the low-set phase and residual (50NG) and negative-sequence overcurrent (46QL) elements have dropped out. 2-13 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 39 21AG2, 21BG2, 21CG2 (Z2% setting) Zone 2 phase mho distance 21AB2, 21BC2, 21CA2 Zone 1 ground mho distance 21AG1, 21BG1, 21CG1 (Z1% setting) Zone 1 phase mho distance 21AB1, 21BC1, 21CA1 2-14 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 40 ALARM System alarm Timers Zone 2 delay for phase faults Z2DP Zone 2 delay for ground faults Z2DG Zone 3 delay Time delayed inverse of 52A 52BT TDUR Minimum Trip Duration Specifïcations Date Code 920508 2-15 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 41 Relay sets LOP bit when loss-of-potential condition is detected. Distance elements are blocked and directional elements default forward. Relay asserts ALARM contact to indicate the LOP condition. 2-16 Specifïcations Date Code 920817 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 42: Table 2.3: Lope Settings

    50AP * 50BP * 50CP high-level overcurrent condition 50AH + 50BH + 50CH Ground Overcurrent Conditions 67NP * [32Q + (LOP * LOPE=Y, directionally supervised residual inst. 1, 2, OR 3) + NOT(67NTC)] overcurrent element 2-17 Date Code 920508 Specifïcations SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 43 LPDS live polarizing/dead sync 59P * 27S * NOT(50NG) LSDP * (PSVC=S,E) + LPDS * VCTI (PSVC=P,E) voltage condition timer initiate voltage condition timer output VCTI for VCT; 0 dropout delay Specifications Date Code 920508 2-18 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 44 * (Minimum Trip Duration timer (TDUR) expired) Close CLOSE contact = (DC +[Reclose Operation] + CLOSE COMMAND) * NOT (52A) * NOT (TRIP) Open CLOSE contact = NOT (CLOSE) + 79RS + TRIP Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-19 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 45 RELAY WORD Z2PT Z2GT Z3 3P21 51NP 51NT 50NG 50P REJO 52BT 27S The meaning of each bit of the Relay Word is explained in the Relay Word Bit Summary Table. Specifications Date Code 920508 2-20 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 46: Table 2.4: Relay Word Bit Summary

    *VP1 = Positive-sequence voltage applied to the polarizing voltage inputs. The use of the Relay Word and programmable masks provides the user great flexibility in applying the SEL-221F relay without the need for rewiring panels or changing jumpers on circuit boards.
  • Page 47 3. If the 50G element is picked up, current is still flowing in at least one phase. 4 . The REJO element of the SEL-221F relay is defined by the following logic equation: If REJOE = G: REJO = NOT(3G50) *3G50D *50G* (half-cycle pu/inst do)
  • Page 48 Pressing TARGET RESET also unlatches the TRIP output if no trip condition is present. This feature is useful during testing and reduces the possibility of relay installation with the TRIP output asserted. Specifications Date Code 920508 2-23 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 49 You may use voltage conditions to externally supervise the reclosing function. In order for the SEL-221F relay reclosing unit to operate, four conditions must be met: The relay must trip. The 52A signal must deassert, indicating that the line breaker opened.
  • Page 50 Disable voltage checking scheme 0 (FALSE) Live Sync/Dead Pol (LSDP) condition 59S * 27P Live Pol/Dead Sync (LPDS) condition 59P * 27S Either LSDP or LPDS 59S * 27P + 59P * 27S Date Code 950712 Specifications 2-25 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 51 User executes the TRIGGER command. Protective elements which trigger event reports when they pick up are: Zones 1, 2, and 3 phase and ground distance elements. Ground overcurrent elements. High-set nondirectional phase overcurrent element. 2-26 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 52 The meter function shows the values of ac current, voltage, and real and reactive power measured by the relay (see Section 3: COMMUNICATIONS, METER command). You can execute the METER command locally or remotely to check breaker conditions. Specifications 2-27 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 53 Serial Interfaces The SEL-221F relay is equipped with two EIA RS-232-C serial communication ports. PORT 2 has nine-pin connectors on both the front and rear panels, designated PORT 2F and PORT 2R, respectively. PORT 2R, located on the relay rear panel, is typically used with an SEL-DTA Display/- Transducer Adapter, SEL-RD Relay Display, or local printer.

  • Page 54: Table 2.5: Power Supply Self Test Limits

    +5.4 V +4.6 V +5 V + 15 V + 15.8 V + 14.2 V + 16.2 V + 13.8 V -15 V -15.8 V -14.2 V -16.2 V -13.8 V Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-29 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 55 It transmits the STATUS message to indicate a failed test. The ALARM relay remains closed after a setting failure. 2-30 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 56: Functional Description

    (Z1) angle of the transmission line has a length equal to the set relay reach. Therefore, the self-polarized mho circle diameter is calculated: where T. L. is defined as the positive-sequence transmission line angle. Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-31 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 57: Figure 2.4: Self-Polarized Mho Element Reach At Maximum Torque Angle

    Figure 2.4: Self-Polarized Mho Element Reach at Maximum Torque Angle Relay Characteristics and Equations The phase and ground distance elements in the SEL-221F relay are supervised by three relay elements or functions: A negative-sequence directional element Non-directional phase and ground overcurrent fault detecting elements A loss-of-potential, if enabled.

  • Page 58: Figure 2.5: Phase-Phase Element Response For A Three-Phase Forward Fault

    Table 2.7 shows the voltage and current combinations used to operate and polarize the six mho elements. Figure 2.5: Phase-Phase Element Response for a Three-Phase Forward Fault Figure 2.6: Phase-Phase Element Response for a Phase-Phase Forward Fault 2-33 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 59: Table 2.7: Voltages And Currents For Mho Elements Ag, Bg, Cg, Ab, Bc, Ca

    Positive-sequence memory voltage polarization provides expansion which maximizes coverage for high-resistance faults. Memory ensures that all elements operate reliably and securely for at least as long as the memory quantity lasts. 2-34 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 60: Figure 2.8: Positive-Sequence Polarizing Voltage Block Diagram

    The relay forms the time-overcurrent characteristics by calculating a recursive sum of the magnitude or magnitude-squared of the phase or residual current adjusted by the appropriate pickup setting. Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-35 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 61: Table 2.8: Directional Element Torque Equations

    This ensures that the logic settings for this scheme do not affect other auxiliary relays. Since each output contact has a separate logic mask, this step is unnecessary in the microprocessor based relay. 2-36 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 62: Figure 2.9: Programmable Logic Mask Analogy

    The masking concept provides more flexibility than switch selectable logic, is more conve- nient than making wiring changes to hard wired discrete relay systems, and provides noticeable benefits during commissioning and routine testing. Figure 2.9: Programmable Logic Mask Analogy Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-37 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 63: Relay Element Operating Time Curves

    Operating times include output contact closure time. No prefault load current was included. System frequency is 60 Hz. Figure 2.10: Phase and Ground Distance Element Speed Curves 2-38 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 64: Time-Overcurrent Curve Equations

    Let t = operating time in seconds, TD = time dial setting, M = multiples of pickup. Curve 1 -- Moderately Inverse Curve 2 -- Inverse Curve 3 -- Very Inverse Curve 4 -- Extremely Inverse Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-39 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 65: Figure 2.11: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Moderately Inverse Time

    Multiples of Pickup Figure 2.11: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Moderately Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 1) 2-40 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 66: Figure 2.12: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 2)

    Multiples of Pickup Figure 2.12: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 2) Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-41 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 67: Figure 2.13: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Very Inverse Time

    Multiples of Pickup Figure 2.13: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Very Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 3) 2-42 Specifications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 68: Figure 2.14: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Extremely Inverse Time

    Multiples of Pickup Figure 2.14: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Extremely Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 4) Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-43 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 69 Specifications Date Code 920508 2-44 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 70 Specifications 2-45 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 71 Specifications 2-46 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 72 Date Code 920508 Specifications 2-47 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 73: Communications

    Introduction ........................Serial Port Connections and Configurations ..............Communications Protocol ....................Command Characteristics ....................Command Descriptions ...................... SEL-221F Distance Relay/Fault Locator Command Summary ........3-24 TABLES Table 3.1: Serial Port Connector Pin Assignments ............Table 3.2: Hexadecimal/Binary Conversion ..............3-14 Table 3.3: Target LED Assignment .................

  • Page 74: Introduction

    PORT 2R and addresses PORT 2F. When testing or data retrieval is complete, unplug the temporary device from PORT 2F. The relay automatically resumes communica- tion with the device connected to PORT 2R. Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 75 The serial data format is: eight data bits two stop bits no parity bit This format cannot be altered. (female chassis connector, as viewed from outside panel) Figure 3.1: Nine-Pin Connector Pin Number Convention Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 76: Communications Protocol

    Transmit data output. + 12 Vdc -12 Vdc The SEL-221F relay asserts this line under normal conditions. When its received-data buffer is full, the line is deasserted, and asserts again when the buffer has sufficient room to receive more data. Connected...
  • Page 77 <CTRL> Q (hold down the Control key and press Q) XON: XOFF: <CTRL> S (hold down the Control key and press S) <CTRL> X (hold down the Control key and press X) CAN: Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 78: Command Characteristics

    (see SET command, AUTO setting). This allows you to select PORT 1, PORT 2, or both ports to transmit automatic responses from the relay. To enter Level 1, type the following on a terminal connected to PORT 2: The response is: Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 79 You may use upper or lower case characters without distinction, except in passwords. You must separate arguments from the command by spaces, commas, semicolons, colons, or slashes. You can enter commands any time after the terminal displays an appropriate prompt. Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 80: Command Descriptions

    2ACCESS allows you to enter Access Level 2. The password is required unless you install jumper JMP103. The second password is set to TAIL at the factory; use the Level 2 command PASSWORD to change passwords. The following display indicates successful access: Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 81 Changing any logic mask setting All event data are lost when event buffers are cleared. If an event buffer is empty when you request an event, the relay returns an error message: Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 82 15th to the 24th rows, the zone will be determined from the 20th row. The zone is indicated by the left-most character of the TYPE string, and is one of the following: Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 83 "T". This aids the determination of clearing times for faults which persist beyond the end of the first event report. For example, if the SEL-221F relay trips for a 3BG fault after the initial report was completed, the second report shows "3BGT" for TYPE.
  • Page 84 METER n METER displays the phase-to-neutral and phase-to-phase voltages and currents in primary kilovolts and amperes. METER also displays real and reactive power in megawatts and megavars. Communications 3-11 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 85 (see the TIME1 and TIME2 settings of the SET command). SHOWSET SHOWSET displays the current relay and logic settings. Settings cannot be entered or modified with this command. The SET command description provides complete information about changing settings. 3-12 Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 86 The logic settings are shown in hexadecimal format. Table 3.2 shows the equivalencies between hexadecimal (hex) and binary numbers to assist you in examining the logic settings display in event reports and the SHOWSET display. Communications Date Code 930830 3-13 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 87: Table 3.2: Hexadecimal/Binary Conversion

    STATUS allows inspection of self test status. The relay automatically executes the STATUS command whenever a self test enters a warning or failure state. If this occurs, the relay transmits a STATUS report from the port(s) designated automatic (see SET command, AUTO setting). 3-14 Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 88: Table 3.3: Target Led Assignment

    RELAY WORD ROW #1 REJO RELAY WORD ROW #2 51NP 51NT 50NG 50P 52BT SSC VSC RELAY WORD ROW #3 59PH INTERNAL ELEMENTS CONTACT INPUTS TRIP CLOS A1 ALRM CONTACT OUTPUTS Communications 3-15 Date Code 961031 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 89 You can reset front panel targets to TAR 0 and clear them remotely or locally with the TARGET command. Type TARGET R <ENTER> to reset and clear the targets as shown below. Communications Date Code 920508 3-16 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 90 While all commands are available from Access Level 2, the commands below are available only from Access Level 2. Remember, the relay pulses the ALARM contact closed for one second after any Level 2 access attempt. Date Code 940412 Communications 3-17 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 91 Relay Word as follows: Z1P Z1G Z2PT Z2GT Z3T 3P21 Relay Word 1: 67N 51NP 51NT 50NG REJ0 Relay Word 2: L0P 52BT 27S Relay Word 3: 3-18 Communications Date Code 940412 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 92 Y <ENTER> enters the new data, pulses the ALARM contacts closed momentarily, and clears the event buffers. N <ENTER> retains the old settings. LOGIC command example for the MTU mask: Date Code 940412 Communications 3-19 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 93 Install jumper JMP104 to enable the OPEN command. PASSWORD (1 or 2) password PASSWORD allows you to inspect or change existing passwords. To inspect passwords, type PASSWORD <ENTER> as the following example shows: Communications 3-20 Date Code 940412 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 94 The primary check is intended as a rough guideline for individual settings and ensures that settings fall within a reasonable range. The secondary check compares the entire group of settings against the individual secondary setting limits shown in Section 2: SPECIFICA- TIONS. Date Code 920508 Communications 3-21 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 95 Zone 2 delay for ground faults (3-2000 cycles in quarter-cycle steps) Zone 3 delay for both phase-to-phase and ground faults (3-2000 cycles in quarter- cycle steps) TDUR Minimum TRIP output duration (0-2000 cycles in quarter-cycle steps, 0 disables the OPEN Command) Communications Date Code 961208 3-22 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 96 Enter zero as the timeout setting of the appropriate port if automatic transmissions will be monitored by a dedicated channel, printed on a dedicated printer, or if that port is connected to an SEL-DTA, SEL-RD, or SEL-PRTU. 3-23 Communications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 97 SEL-221F, -1 RELAY COMMAND SUMMARY Access Level 0 ACCESS Answer password prompt (if password protection enabled) to gain access to Level 1. Three unsuccessful attempts pulses ALARM relay. Access Level 1 2ACCESS Answer password prompt (if password protection enabled) to gain access to Level 2. This command always pulses the ALARM relay.
  • Page 98 Firmware Identification ....................4-15 TABLES Table 4.1: Event Report Triggering Actions ..............Table 4.2: Non-Event Report Triggering Actions ............. 4- 1 FIGURES Figure 4.1: Example System Single-Line Diagram ............4-11 Date Code 920508 Table of Contents SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 99: Event Reporting

    Pickup of the 50P or 50NG overcurrent elements Relay elements which trigger event reports must drop out for at least four cycles before they can initiate another event report. This helps to eliminate multiple records for boundary faults. Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 100: Summary Event Report

    The following shows an example summary event report. The relay clears the event report and history buffer for the following conditions: Loss of control power Entry of a new setting via the SET or LOGIC commands Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 101 Explicit fault classification logic is as follows, where "I" values are uncompen- sated midfault currents and "If" values are midfault currents compensated for load, yielding true fault current components: Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 102 IF ( Imax > 4 x Imed ) THEN Single-Phase ELSE IF ( Imed > 4 x Imin ) THEN Two-Phase ELSE IF ( Ifmax > 1.5 x Ifmed ) THEN Single-Phase ELSE IF ( Ifmed > 1.5 x Ifmin ) THEN Two-Phase ELSE IF ( none of the above ) THEN Three-Phase Where: Imax = Highest uncompensated phase current...

  • Page 103: Long Event Report

    The last twelve event records are stored in volatile memory. You can review the stored summary reports quickly with the HISTORY command; use the EVENT command to display the long form of each event report. Date Code 920423 Event Reporting SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 104 1 and 2, then rows 2 and 3 of an event report. Example Event Report 1 shows the process of converting the rectangular format voltages and currents displayed in the event report to polar format. Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 105 : Sync-check conditions S = SSC picked up fulfilled : Voltage-check conditions V = VSC picked up fulfilled L = LOP : Loss-of-potential detected R = REJO REJO : Remote-end-just-open detect Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 106 Event summary contents are described in the Summary Event Report Section. Relay Settings After the event summary, the relay displays the relay settings and logic mask settings installed when the event occurred. Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 107: Example Event Reports

    This phase rotation must match the rotation of your system. In addition, note that the load is flowing out from Breaker 3 as indicated by each phase current lagging the respec- tive phase voltage by the load flow angle. Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 108 LOAD CONDITIONS: STATION READINGS: MW(OUT)( IN) MVAR (OUT)(IN) VOLTS AMPS SEL READINGS: MVAR (+) USE THE VALUES IN ROWS 1 AND 2 ABOVE TO DRAW PHASOR DIAGRAMS BELOW CURRENTS VOLTAGES 4-10 Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 109: Figure 4.1: Example System Single-Line Diagram

    The relay is expected to trip for this fault. The fault detecting element is the Zone 1 ground distance element set in the MTU logic mask. Figure 4.1: Example System Single-Line Diagram Date Code 920423 Event Reporting 4-11 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 110 Example Event Report 2 4-12 Event Reporting Date Code 930830 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 111 The ground time-overcurrent element picked up in row 16 because the residual current was above the 51NP setting and the 32Q directional element indicated that the fault was in the forward direction. Event Reporting 4-13 Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 112 Z1G. The A3 contact asserted to indicate the pickup of a reclose initiating condition (MA3 is set identically to MRI). The last three cycles of event data are shown below. 4-14 Event Reporting Date Code 920423 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 113: Firmware Identification

    [PN] - R[RN] - V[VS]- D[RD] - E[ER], Where: [PN] = Product Name [RN] = Revision Number Version Specifications [VS] = Release Date [RD] = [ER] = Version Specifications: EEROM Event Reporting Date Code 920423 4-15 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 114 For the SEL-221F relay, version specifications are interpreted as follows: = V[ABCDEFGHI] V[VS] Option Description Specifier Specifier Meaning Option Power System Frequency 50 Hz, 60 Hz 5, 6 Nominal Amps per Phase 1 amp, 5 amps 1, 5 Nominal Volts per Phase...

  • Page 115: Tables

    Single Shot Unsupervised Reclose Sequence ..........5-37 Figure 5.8: Reclosing Cancelled Due to RC Assertion ..........5-38 Figure 5.9: Live Bus\Dead-Line Supervised Reclose ............ 5-39 Figure 5.10 Sync-Check Supervised Reclose Sequence ..........5-41 Date Code 920508 Table of Contents SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 116: Relay Application Overview

    The SEL-221F relay includes a single-shot recloser with user selectable initiate and cancel conditions. The recloser can be supervised using an independent synchronism checking relay, included in the SEL-221F relay. Also included is a voltage checking function which can be set to supervise reclosing using live-bus/dead-line, dead-bus/live-line conditions, or either.
  • Page 117 Backup Relaying Where adequate high-speed primary protection already exists, the SEL-221F relay can be applied as backup protection. Its programmability and remote-access capabilities allow remote adjustment of relay settings to meet virtually any contingency. Its application also offers the benefits of event reporting and fault locating.

  • Page 118: 230 Kv Setting Example

    = 20.75 + j124.29 Source Impedances: = 20.29 ∠80.14 (primary Ω) Source S = Source R Z1S = Z1R = Z0R = 3 x Z1S Current Transformer Ratio 1000/5 (200:1) Potential Transformer Ratio 2000:1 Date Code 920508 Applications SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 119 Where an SEL-DTA or SEL-RD is used with the relay, the identifier string is displayed on the device display screen. This feature helps in recognizing the associated line terminal when multiple SEL-DTAs are separated from their respective relays. For the relay at Breaker 3: Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 120 0.1 and 999 miles. While there are no secondary setting limits for the impedance or line length settings, the magnitude and angle of the residual current compensation factor is range limited. Date Code 920508 Applications 5 - 5 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 121 66.4 V or 115 V . The PTR selected for this l - n l - l example is 2000:1. The synch-check potential transformer uses the same ratio. Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 122 Reclosing Open Interval and Reset Time (79OI and 79RS) An open interval timer controls the reclosing shot. The recloser must coordinate with remote reclosing schemes. Applications 5 - 7 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 123 (see 52BT Setting for details). Close Supervision Settings (PSVC, 27VLO, 59VHI, 25DV, SYNCP, 25T, VCT) The SEL-221F relay includes two functions which can supervise close operations, including reclosures and external close operations.
  • Page 124 The relay may perform synchronism checking to supervise breaker closures when the line and bus are energized. The sync-check feature in the SEL-221F relay checks the vector difference between a selected polarizing voltage, VP, and the synchronizing voltage, VS. This difference voltage is then compared against the 25DV setting.

  • Page 125: Figure 5.2: Sync-Check Window

    The slip frequency is the maximum allowed frequency difference between VP and VS. The formula for slip is as follows: Where 25T is the sync-check time delay from the SEL-221F relay setting. For example, with 25T = 5 seconds and ø = 30°:...
  • Page 126 The VS input is taken from a bus-side PT connected to A-phase. The 25T setting is selected to allow closing under the synchronism conditions outlined above. The VCT setting is: Summarizing for the relay at Breaker 3: - Setting Limit Checks Date Code 920508 Applications 5-11 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 127 A1TP and A1TD settings. This example does not require that these time delays be used. - Setting Limit Checks The primary setting range check allows A1TP and A1TD settings of 0 - 8,000 cycles. - Other Settings Affected None. 5-12 Applications Date Code 930601 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 128 0.125 - 64 ohms secondary along the MTA. PTR=2000:1 PTR/CTR=10 Calculations: CTR = 200: l The Z1 % setting of 80 for this example lies within primary and secondary setting limits of the relay. Applications Date Code 920508 5-13 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 129 The MTA setting applies to all of the distance elements and is the same as the positive- sequence line angle. Calculate the diameter of the Zone 2 mho circle with the following equation: For this example, the Zone 2 mho circle diameter along the MTA becomes: 5-14 Applications Date Code 921110 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 130 Zone 3 reach exceed Zone 2 reach. The secondary check allows secondary reach settings of 0.125 - 64 ohms secondary along the MTA. Calculations: PTR = 2000:1 PTR/CTR = 10 CTR = 200:1 Date Code 921110 Applications 5-15 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 131 In the example at Breaker 3, the time selection should coordinate with the Breaker 2 Zone 2 protection to provide time-step backup protection for Line 3. The Zone 3 phase delay selected in this example is 40 cycles. Applications 5-16 Date Code 921110 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 132 SPECIFICATIONS). Before the TRIP output can open, the trip condition must vanish and the phase and residual current must drop below the 50NG element setting. This assures that the TRIP output contact does not open until current has stopped flowing in the breaker. Applications 5-17 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 133 For the relay at Breaker 3, the governing fault condition is a phase-phase fault at Bus D. The fault study revealed that the lowest phase fault current equals 620 A primary for this fault. 5-18 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 134 The three-phase fault duty for a fault at Bus B is 2180 A. To assure rapid clearance of this fault, a 50H setting of 1500 A is selected for this example. Date Code 920508 Applications 5-19 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 135 0.5 to 15 in increments of 0.01. The 51NTC setting allows the residual time-overcurrent element to be torque controlled (Y for forward reaching directional) or non-torque controlled (N for nondirectional). Applications 5-20 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 136 The 67NP setting of 650 A for this example is greater than 0.5 A secondary and less than 50 times the 51NP setting. The relay allows 67NTC settings of Y or N. - Relay Word Bits and Other Settings Affected 67N bit in the Relay Word. Applications Date Code 920508 5-21 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 137: Figure 5.3: 52A Input And 52Bt Timing Diagram

    SOTF protection, the fault would have to be cleared in Zone 2 time. Using the relay MTO logic, the instantaneous Zone 3 phase elements detect the fault and issue a trip 5-22 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 138: Figure 5.4: Faulted Line With All Sources In

    The limit check allows 52BT time delay settings of 0.5 - 10,000 cycles. The 52BT setting of 30.00 cycles lies within the relay setting limits. There is no secondary limit check for this setting. - Relay Word Bits and Other Settings Affected None. Applications Date Code 920508 5-23 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 139: Figure 5.5: Faulted System With Breakers 1 And 2 Closed

    Remote-End-Just-Opened (REJO) Enable Setting (REJOE) When this feature is used, the SEL-221F relay can deliver accelerated trips for Zone 2 faults without the use of a communications channel. An overview of pilotless accelerated trip schemes is provided below. This description is followed by a detailed description of the scheme implementation in the SEL-221F relay.
  • Page 140 Pilotless Tripping with the SEL-221F Relay The SEL-221F relay includes the overcurrent elements defined below. The elements are defined using "+" as logical OR and " *" as logical AND: 50G asserts when any phase current is above the 5OG = 50AG + 50BG + 50CG 50NG setting.
  • Page 141 In the example, for the relay at Breaker 3, we select REJOE = N. - Setting Limit Check The primary limit check allows REJOE settings of P (enabled, use 3P50), G (enabled, use 3G50), or N (not enabled). 5-26 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 142 Relay blocks distance elements and directional elements default forward when LOP condition is detected. If the 52A input is asserted while LOP is detected, the Relay Word LOP bit is asserted. Applications Date Code 920508 5-27 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 143 LOPE selections 2, 3, and 4 cause the relay to close the ALARM contact while loss-of- potential is detected. This is useful when all four of the relay programmable output contacts are dedicated to other functions. For the relay at Breaker 3: Applications 5-28 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 144 The example has a modem connected to PORT 1 and an SEL-DTA connected to PORT 2. Since only the SEL-DTA is required to receive automatic messages, the AUTO setting is 2. Applications 5-29 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 145: Table 5.1: Settings For: Bus B, 230 Kv Breaker 3

    Z2DG =30.00 Z3D =40.00 TDUR =9.00 50NG =250.00 5OP =370.00 50H =1500.00 51NP =270.00 51NTD=3.00 51NC =2 51NTC=Y 67NP =650.00 67NTC=Y 52BT =30 REJOE=N LOPE =Y AUTO =2 RINGS=7 TIME1=5 TIME2=0 5-30 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 146 Zone 3 phase and ground distance elements (Z3T), and the IN1 bit if you intend to use the input as a direct trip input. The external tripping source is often a backup protective relay, breaker failure relaying, or a direct trip signal from communications equipment. In Applications Date Code 920508 5-31 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 147 When you need to cross trip the SEL-221F relay, route the trip output from the secondary line protection relays to the IN1 input with the IN1 bit set in the MTU logic mask.
  • Page 148 Mask for Trip Breaker Open (MTO) Hexadecimal Code Z1P Z1G Z2PT Z2GT Z3 Z3T 3P21 32Q 67N 51NP 51NT 50NG 50P 50H IN1 REJO LOP 52BT 27S 27P 59S 59P SSC Date Code 920508 Applications 5-33 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 149 67N 51NP 51NT 50NG 50P 50H IN1 REJO LOP 52BT 27S 27P 59S 59P SSC The A3 output contact asserts when any reclose initiate condition set in the MRI logic mask is fulfilled. 5-34 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 150 Mask for Reclose Cancel (MRC) Event Report Hexadecimal Code Z1P Z1G Z2PT Z2GT Z3 Z3T 3P21 32Q 67N 51NP 51NT 50NG 50P 50H IN1 REJO LOP 52BT 27S 27P 59S 59P SSC VSC Date Code 920508 Applications 5-35 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 151: Reclosing Relay Operation Examples

    RECLOSING RELAY OPERATION EXAMPLES Overview The SEL-221F relay includes several voltage supervised reclosing schemes and one unsuper- vised scheme. The following timing diagrams and text explain how each reclosing scheme operates successfully. Also, there is one example of a cancelled reclosing shot. Section 2: SPECIFICATIONS provides detailed reclosing logic descriptions.

  • Page 152: Figure 5.7: Single Shot Unsupervised Reclose Sequence

    Example 1. Settings marked N/A are not applicable to the example. Table 5.3: Recloser Settings for Examples 1 and 2 PSVC 27VLO 59VHI 25DV SYNCP 40 cycles 79OI 79RS 240 cycles TDUR 9 cycles Figure 5.7: Single Shot Unsupervised Reclose Sequence 5-37 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 153: Figure 5.8: Reclosing Cancelled Due To Rc Assertion

    Because Reclose Cancel has precedence over Reclose Initiate, the reclosing sequence is cancelled any time RC asserts while the TRIP is asserted, regardless of the presence of Reclose Initiating conditions. Figure 5.8: Reclosing Cancelled Due to RC Assertion 5-38 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 154: Figure 5.9: Live Bus\Dead-Line Supervised Reclose

    Zone 1 reach. The relay detects the fault and asserts the TRIP outputs, fulfilling the first requirement to initiate the reclosing sequence. Because the Z1G Zone 1 ground distance element is set in the Mask for Reclose Initiate, reclosure is initiated. 5-39 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 155: Table 5.5: Recloser Settings For Example 4

    Example 4. Settings marked N/A are not applicable to the example. Table 5.5: Recloser Settings for Example 4 PSVC 27VLO 59VHI 106.2 25DV 53.12 SYNCP 300 cycles 79OI 350 cycles 79RS 240 cycles TDUR 9 cycles 5-40 Applications Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 156: Figure 5.10: Sync-Check Supervised Reclose Sequence

    (wired in series with the CLOSE contact) is also closed, the breaker close coil is energized and the breaker recloses. The relay shot counter (not shown) advances to one and the 52A input is asserted by closure of the breaker auxiliary contact. Date Code 920508 Applications 5-41 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 157: Setting Sheets

    SETTINGS SHEET PAGE 1 OF 6 FOR SEL-221F RELAY DATE SUBSTATION CIRCUIT BREAKER DEVICE NO. FUNCTION MAKE C.T. SETTING MODEL/STYLE NO. P.T. SETTING PART # SOFTWARE VERSION SERIAL # POWER SUPPLY VOLTS ac/dc LOGIC INPUT SECONDARY INPUTS: V/ø = 67L-N, NOMINAL AMPS = 5, Hz = 60...
  • Page 158 SETTINGS SHEET PAGE 2 OF 6 FOR SEL-221F RELAY DATE Date Code 921110...
  • Page 159 SETTINGS SHEET PAGE 3 OF 6 FOR SEL-221F RELAY DATE ACCESS Command passwords: (6 Characters excluding "SPACE, COMMA, SEMI- COLON and SLASH") LEVEL 0: "=" ACCESS <ENTER> PASSWORD: LEVEL 1: "=>" 2ACCESS <ENTER> PASSWORD: LEVEL 2: "=»" ENTER SETTINGS PER MATRIX TABLE...
  • Page 160 SETTINGS SHEET PAGE 4 OF 6 FOR SEL-221F RELAY DATE Date Code 930601...
  • Page 161 SETTINGS SHEET PAGE 5 OF 6 FOR SEL-221F RELAY DATE Date Code 961208...
  • Page 162 SETTINGS SHEET PAGE 6 OF 6 FOR SEL-221F RELAY DATE Line Length = Station #1 (relay location) to Station #2; the full distance in miles or kilometers between stations. Zones 2 and 3 are limited as follows: ohmic range is 0.125 to 64 ohms secondary.

  • Page 163: Installation

    SEL Relay Communications Diagram for Connection to the SEL-DTA..... 6-10 Figure 6.7: External Current and Voltage Connection..............6-10 Figure 6.8: Dc External Connection Diagram (Typical) ............... 6-11 SEL Direction and Polarity check Form .................... 6-12 Date Code 920508 Table of Contents SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 164 52A input terminals. Each input is individually isolated, and a terminal pair is brought out for each input. There are no internal connections between control inputs. Control outputs are dry relay contacts rated for tripping duty. A metal-oxide varistor protects each contact. Installation Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 165 OPEN/CLOSE Command Enable Jumper With jumper JMP104 in place, the OPEN and CLOSE commands are enabled. If you remove jumper JMP104, executing OPEN and CLOSE commands results in the message: "Aborted." Installation Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 166 (female chassis connector, as viewed from outside panel) Figure 6.1: Nine-Pin Connector Pin Number Convention EIA RS-232-C Cables SEL-221F 9-Pin *DTE DEVICE (SEL CABLE 234) Jumper Jumper SEL-221F **DCE DEVICE (SEL CABLE 222) Installation Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 167: Table 6.1: Pin Definition

    The older frame is updated by one second and the two frames are compared. If they do not agree, the relay considers the data erroneous and discards it. Installation Date Code 921207 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 168 Proceed to Access Level 2 with the 2ACCESS command and second password. Be sure the ALARM relay contacts close and open when the relay executes 2ACCESS. The ALARM pulse will not be detectable if the ALARM contacts are closed due to an alarm condition. Installation Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 169 When local checkout is complete, check communications with the instrument via a remote interface (if used). Make sure the automatic port is properly assigned and that desired timeout intervals are selected for each port. Also, be sure to record password settings. Installation Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 170 Figure 6.2: Horizontal Front and Rear Panel Drawings Installation Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 171: Figure 6.3: Relay Dimensions, Panel Cutout, And Drill Plan

    NOTE: ALL INSTRUMENTS MAY BE MOUNTED HORIZONTALLY (AS SHOWN ABOVE) OR VERTICALLY DWG. 1005-104 Figure 6.3: Relay Dimensions, Panel Cutout, and Drill Plan Installation Date Code 930601 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 172: Figure 6.4: Communications And Clock Connections - One Unit At One Location

    Figure 6.4: Communications and Clock Connections - One Unit at One Location Figure 6.5: Communications and Clock Connections - Multiple Units at One Location Date Code 920508 Installation SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 173: Figure 6.6: Sel Relay Communications Diagram For Connection To The Sel-Dta

    Figure 6.6: SEL Relay Communications Diagram for Connection to the SEL-DTA Figure 6.7: External Current and Voltage Connections 6-10 Installation Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 174: Figure 6.8: Dc External Connection Diagram (Typical)

    Figure 6.8: Dc External Connection Diagram (Typical) Date Code 920508 Installation 6-11 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 175: Sel Direction And Polarity Check Form

    SEL DIRECTION AND POLARITY CHECK FORM DATE: STATION TESTED BY EQUIPMENT SWITCH NO. INSTALLATION ROUTINE OTHER LOAD CONDITIONS: MW (OUT)(IN) STATION READINGS: MVAR (OUT)(IN) VOLTS A M P S SEL READINGS: MVAR (+)(-) MW(+)(-) AS SEEN ON SCREEN COMPANY NOTATION l ( ) l ( ) V ( )
  • Page 176 SEL DIRECTION AND POLARITY CHECK FORM DATE: TESTED BY STATION EQUIPMENT SWITCH NO. OTHER INSTALLATION ROUTINE LOAD CONDITIONS: VOLTS AMPS MW (OUT)(IN) MVAR (OUT)(IN) STATION READINGS: MW (+)(-) MVAR (+)(-) SEL READINGS: AS SEEN ON SCREEN V ( ) V ( ) COMPANY NOTATION V ( ) 1st LINE CHOSEN...

  • Page 177: Maintenance & Testing

    IRIG-B Time Code Input Test ......................7-41 Power Supply Voltages Test......................7-42 Calibration............................7-42 Troubleshooting ..........................7-43 Firmware Upgrade Instructions ......................7-46 Program to Compute Test Set Settings for Testing Distance Relays ..........7-48 Table of Contents Date Code 931227 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 178 Figure 7.11: Three Voltage vs. One Voltage for Directional Tests ..........7-29 Figure 7.12: Voltage Connections When SYNCP = A ..............7-40 Figure 7.13: Nine-Pin Connector Pin Number Convention............7-42 Table of Contents Date Code 931227 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 179: Test Procedures

    If the timeout of a protective element results in TRIP output contact closure, the trip generates a second event report. Thus, the relay generates two event reports: the first when Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 180 For an "a" contact, when the condition asserts, the output contact closes. When the condition deasserts, the output contact opens. For a "b" contact, when the condition asserts, the output Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 181: Initial Checkout

    Section 3. In this manual, commands to type appear in bold/uppercase: OTTER. Keys to Note: press appear in bold/uppercase/brackets: <ENTER>. Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 182: Figure 7.1: Relay Part Number And Hardware Identification Sticker

    (-E1) relays. The relay is shipped from the factory with PORT 2 set to 2400 baud and PORT 1 set to 300 baud. Section 3: Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 183: Figure 7.2: Communication Interface Setup

    Turn on the relay power. The enable target (EN) should illuminate. If not, be Method: sure that power is present and check the fuse or fuses. The following message should appear on the terminal: Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 184 Access Level 1. Step 7 Purpose: Verify self test status of the relay. Type STATUS and press <ENTER>. The following display should appear Method: on the terminal: Date Code 920508 Maintenance & Testing SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 185 The relay is shipped with demonstration settings; type SHOWSET <ENTER> to view the settings. The terminal should display the following: The SET and LOGIC command descriptions in Section 3: COMMUNICA- TIONS include a complete explanation of the settings. Date Code 930830 Maintenance & Testing SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 186 LED labeled EN. With balanced positive-sequence potentials applied to the relay, the LOP bit should drop out causing the EN LED to go out. Type TARGET 0 <ENTER> to reset the LED display to relay targets. Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 187 If a circuit breaker simulator is not available, set all elements in the MTO logic mask to zero. Date Code 920508 Maintenance & Testing SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 188: Table 7.1: Fault Locator Test Values

    TARGET LED TRIP, A3 75 mi ø1 75 mi TRIP, A3 TRIP, A3 85 mi ø2 TRIP, A3 85 mi 135 mi TRIP, A4 ø3 135 mi TRIP, A4 Date Code 920508 7-10 Maintenance & Testing SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 189 Functional Description in Section 2: SPECIFICATIONS, the command descriptions in Section 3: COMMUNICATIONS, and Section 4: EVENT REPORTING. For more test procedures, see the Full Functional Test portion of this section. Maintenance & Testing 7-11 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 190: Full Functional Test

    Following the Z1% prompt, type 82 and press <ENTER>. To complete the setting procedure, type END and press <ENTER>. Type Y <ENTER> at the prompt: "OK (Y or N)?" The relay com- 7-12 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 191 6 . Type LOG MTU and press <ENTER>. Change one bit in the MTU logic mask. For example, remove the Z3T bit from the first row of the Relay Word as shown in the following example. Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 7-13 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 192: Meter Test

    Voltages VA, VB, and VC should equal the applied voltage times the potential transformer ratio setting. With the Example 230 kV Line settings, you should obtain: VC = VA = (50V)(2000) VB = 100kV (±0.5%). 7-14 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 193: Mho Element Testing

    = X1 ( X1 secondary Potential Transformeer Ratio Current Transformer Ratio = R0 ( R0 secondary Potential Transformer Ratio Current Transformer Ratio = X0 ( X0 secondary Potential Transformer Ratio Maintenance & Testing 7-15 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 194: Figure 7.4: Example Onebus Input Data For Phase-Phase And Ground Faults

    For example, for a radial system with a source impedance equal to 75% of the line impedance, enter 0.75 for the per unit distance from the source to the bus. 7-16 Date Code 920508 Maintenance & Testing SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 195: Figure 7.6: Example Onebus Input Data For Three-Phase Faults

    Figure 7.6: Example ONEBUS Input Data for Three-Phase Faults The following output should result: Figure 7.7: Example ONEBUS Result Screen for Three-Phase Faults Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 7-17 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 196: Table 7.3: Three-Phase Fault Voltages And Currents At Mta

    Connect the sources of voltage and current to the rear panel terminals of the relay as per Figure 7.8a or Figure 7.8b. Figure 7.8a uses three current sources, while Figure 7.8b uses only two. 7-18 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 197 IB inputs of the relay (Terminals 29 and 31 respectively). Jumper together the undotted IA and IB current inputs of the relay (Terminals 30 and 32 respectively). This forms the (IA + IB) quantity. Maintenance & Testing 7-19 Date Code 940412 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 198: Table 7.4: Zone 1 Three-Phase Fault Test Quantities At Mta

    These quantities were calculated using ONEBUS. Table 7.4: Zone 1 Three-Phase Fault Test Quantities at MTA 5.33 5.33 34.58 34.58 34.58 5.33 Volts/Amps 0.00° -120.00° 120.00° -80.1° 159.9° 39.9° Degrees Maintenance & Testing 7-20 Date Code 940412 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 199: Table 7.5: Zone 1 Three-Phase Fault Test Quantities At Mta +45

    -125.1° 114.9° -5 .1° MTA - 45º -35.1° -155.1° 84.9° Test the relay at the two additional current phase angle settings (MTA +45° and MTA -45°). Record the results. Date Code 921110 Maintenance & Testing 7-21 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 200 Jumper undotted relay IB and IC current inputs together (Terminals 32 and 34 respectively). Connect dotted relay IC current input to common current source return of current Source B (Terminal 33 to source common current return). Maintenance & Testing 7-22 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 201: Figure 7.9A: Three-Phase Voltage And Two-Phase Current Source Test Connections For Phase-Phase Mho Test

    (using ONEBUS or similar method). Currents and voltages required to test the Zone 1 phase-phase element reach of the example settings appear in Table 7.6: Date Code 920508 Maintenance & Testing 7-23 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 202: Table 7.6: Zone 1 Phase-Phase Test Voltages And Currents, Bc Fault

    1.414 at angles of ±45° from the angle obtained using the ONEBUS program. Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 7-24 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 203: Table 7.7: Zone 1 Phase-Phase Test Quantities At Mta +45

    These steps connect a single current source to the relay for a A-phase-ground fault test. a . Connect A current source dotted output to dotted relay IA input (Terminal 29). Connect A current source return to relay IA return (Terminal 30). Maintenance & Testing 7-25 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 204: Table 7.8: Zone 1 Ground Element Test Quantities, Ag Fault

    Apply current to the relay and ramp the current source magnitudes together until the monitored output contact closes, indicating pickup. Record the pickup current threshold and compare it to the calculated threshold. 7-26 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 205 1.414 at angles of ±45° from the angle obtained using the ONEBUS program. For our Zone 1 AG phase-ground example, the required voltages remain unchanged. The current magnitudes are (3.13)(1.414) = 4.43 amperes at the angles listed as follows: Maintenance & Testing 7-27 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 206: Directional Element Tests

    For the voltages shown in Table 7.10, the resulting negative-sequence voltage is ten volts. The following equations illustrate the equations you should use to calculate magnitude and angle of V2. Maintenance & Testing 7-28 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 207: Figure 7.11: Three Voltage Vs. One Voltage For Directional Tests

    IB and IC are zero for this test. Move the phase angle of the current with respect to the voltage and observe the boundary of the directional element at MTA ±90°. Maintenance & Testing 7-29 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 208: Residual Overcurrent Element Tests

    (2) is: where M = Multiples of Pickup = 3 TD = Time Dial = 3 7-30 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 209: Phase Overcurrent Element Tests

    = High-set instantaneous phase overcurrent element Apply current to one phase and observe the pickup and dropout of each ele- ment. Record the results. Pickup of the 50H element generates an event report. Date Code 920508 Maintenance & Testing 7-31 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 210: Loss-Of-Potential Test

    The relay may use LOP detection in a number of different ways. Check Note: your LOPE setting and consult the SPECIFICATIONS section to determine how the relay is set to use LOP detection. 7-32 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 211: Z2Dg And Z3Dg Timer Tests

    Z2DG and Z3D time delays with the following steps. Mask only the Z2GT bit of the Relay Word into the MTU mask. Zero the MTO mask out so no other condition can assert the TRIP output. Maintenance & Testing 7-33 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 212: Z2Dp Timer Test

    Mask only the Z2PT bit of the Relay Word into the MTU mask. Zero the MTO mask out so no other condition can assert the TRIP output. Apply the Zone 2 BC fault as given in Table 7.15. 7-34 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 213: Remote-End-Just-Opened Tests

    Zone 2 AG fault, with IB = IC = 0 A (Table 7.16 shows quantities for use with the relay factory standard settings). The relay should trip upon assertion of the REJO and Z3 bits. Examine the relay event report to verify this. Maintenance & Testing 7-35 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 214: Switch-Onto-Fault Tests

    0.0° -128.6° 0.0° 0.0° 128.7° -80.4° Degrees Apply the Zone 2 AG fault with the breaker closed (52A = 1 and 52BT = 0). The relay should not trip instantaneously. 7-36 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 215: Recloser Test

    0.0° -80.4° 129.2° 0.0° 0.0° -129.2° Immediately following TRIP output closure, remove the A-phase fault current. This allows the open interval timer (790I) to run. Record the duration between Maintenance & Testing 7-37 Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 216: Synchronizing And Polarizing Voltage Element Tests

    Using the SHOWSET command, check the relay PSVC setting. If PSVC = S or E, continue this test with Step 2. IF PSVC = P, continue this test at Step 5. If PSVC = N, the voltage checking scheme is disabled. Date Code 920508 7-38 Maintenance & Testing SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 217: Synchronism Checking Logic Tests

    120°. Increase the second voltage input until the 59P bit asserts. Set a contact to close upon assertion of the 59S bit. Connect that contact to start an external timer. Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 7-39 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 218: Input Circuits Test

    Apply control voltage to each input and make sure the corresponding target LED turns on. Energizing the PT, IN1, and ET inputs should trigger an event report. Table 7.18 lists the contact inputs and terminal numbers. 7-40 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 219: Serial Ports Test

    Note: A recording of the IRIG-B signal passed through a simple demodulator provides a convenient, inexpensive test of the IRIG-B port. Please contact the factory for further details. Date Code 920508 Maintenance & Testing 7-41 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 220: Power Supply Voltages Test

    0.15 volts of five volts. The 12 volt supplies should be within 0.5 volts of their nominal values. CALIBRATION The SEL-221F Relay is factory calibrated. If you suspect that the relay is out of calibration, please contact the factory. 7-42 Maintenance &...

  • Page 221: Troubleshooting

    Communications device not connected to system. Relay or communications device at incorrect baud rate or other communication parameter incompatibility, including cabling error. System is processing event record. Wait several seconds. Maintenance & Testing Date Code 931227 7-43 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 222 Check self test status with STATUS command. Check input voltages and currents with METER command and TRIGGER and EVENT sequence. Terminal Displays Meaningless Characters Baud rate set incorrectly. Check terminal configuration. See Section 3: COMMUNICATIONS. 7-44 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 931227 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 223 1. EPROM failure. Replace EPROM(s). Self Test Failure: RAM Static RAM IC failure. Replace RAM(s). Self Test Failure: A/D Converter A/D converter failure. RAM error not detected by RAM test. Date Code 931227 Maintenance & Testing 7-45 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 224: Firmware Upgrade Instructions

    The power supply and transformer assembly are attached to the bottom of the relay chassis. Disconnect the power supply and transformer secondary cables from the underside of the drawout assembly. Maintenance & Testing Date Code 931227 7-46 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 225 SEL product, do not hesitate to contact the factory. Our staff is happy to assist you. Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. 2350 NE Hopkins Court Pullman, WA 99163-5603 Tel : (509) 332-1890 FAX: (509) 332-7990 Maintenance & Testing Date Code 931227 7-47 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...

  • Page 226: Program To Compute Test Set Settings For Testing Distance Relays

    SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES, INC. TEL: (509) 332-1890 PULLMAN, WA 99163-5603 2350 NE HOPKINS COURT PROGRAM TO COMPUTE TEST SET SETTINGS FOR TESTING DISTANCE RELAYS The BASIC program in this note determines voltages and currents which would appear on distance relay terminals for ground and phase faults on a radial system with source impedance at the same angle as line impedance.
  • Page 227 TR=RR:TS=RI REM SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES, INC. UB=67*(-0.5+TR) REM 2350 NE Hopkins Court REM Pullman, WA 99163-5603 VB=67*(-SQR(3)/2+TS) UC=67*(-0.5-TR) VC=67*(0.5*SQR(3)-TS) REM COMPUTE DOBLE SETTINGS FOR A ONE-BUS SYSTEM FF$="B-C" REM HOMOGENEOUS SYSTEM REM SOURCE VOLTS= 67 L-N GOSUB 4041 INPUT "IMP BUS FAULT OR QUIT (I,B,F,Q)";A$ REM ENTER IMPEDANCES FOR 100% OF LINE IF A$ = "I"...

  • Page 228: Appendices

    APPENDICES TABLE OF CONTENTS Parts Placement Diagram Table of Contents Date Code 920508 SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual...
  • Page 229 SEL-200 Series Relay Main Board Troubleshooting Test Points and Jumper Locations...
  • Page 230 SEL-221F, -1 RELAY COMMAND SUMMARY Access Level 0 ACCESS Answer password prompt (if password protection enabled) to gain access to Level 1. Three unsuccessful attempts pulses ALARM relay. Access Level 1 Answer password prompt (if password protection enabled) to gain access to Level 2. This 2ACCESS command always pulses the ALARM relay.
  • Page 231 SEL-221F, -1 RELAY COMMAND SUMMARY Access Level 0 ACCESS Answer password prompt (if password protection enabled) to gain access to Level 1. Three unsuccessful attempts pulses ALARM relay. Access Level 1 Answer password prompt (if password protection enabled) to gain access to Level 2. This 2ACCESS command always pulses the ALARM relay.

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