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Digium Hx8 Series User Manual

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Hx8 Series
HA8/HB8
User Manual
601-00016
Rev. A

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  • Page 1 Hx8 Series HA8/HB8 User Manual 601-00016 Rev. A...
  • Page 2 Digium, Inc. Digium, Inc. has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in this document are adequate and error free. The manufacturer will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by this documentation.
  • Page 3 Telecom: FCC Part 68, ANSI/ITA-968-A, Including Amendment A1 and A2 AS/ACIF S031 PTC 220 TBR3 TBR4 November 1995 as amended by TBR4/A1 December 1997 EMC: FCC Part 15 Class B EN55022/CISPR22 Class B EN55025 IEC 61000 Digium, Inc. Page 3...
  • Page 4 Federal Communications Commission Part 68 This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules and the requirements adopted by the ACTA. On the back of the Hx8 Series printed circuit board is a label that contains, among other information, a product identifier in the format US:AAAEQ##TXXXX.
  • Page 5 If you experience problems with your Hx8 Series card, contact Digium, Inc. at +1.877.DIGIUM.1 (+1.877.344.4861) for repair and/or warranty information. If the equipment is causing harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may request that you disconnect the equipment until the problem is resolved.
  • Page 6 Voice over IP technology are required to provide echo cancellation for all voice calls. The combined effect of audio / VoIP conversion delay and IP routing delay can cause an echo cancellation time of 64ms to be required. Digium, Inc. Page 6...
  • Page 7 Introduction to Hx8 Series Documentation This manual contains product information for the Hx8 Series card. Be sure to refer to any supplementary documents or release notes that were shipped with your equipment. The manual is organized in the following manner:...
  • Page 8 (ESD) wrist strap while handling the device. The Electrical Hazard Symbol indicates a possibility of electrical shock when operating this unit in certain situations. To reduce the risk of damage or injury, follow all steps or procedures as instructed. Digium, Inc. Page 8...
  • Page 9 Alarm Dialing Equipment If your home has specially wired alarm equipment connected to the telephone line, ensure the installation of the Hx8 Series does not disable your alarm equipment. If you have questions, consult your telephone company or a qualified installer.
  • Page 10 For safety reasons, only connect equipment with a Telecommunications Compliance label. This includes customer equipment previously labelled Permitted or Certified. Caution Only connect regulatory equipment (approved for use in your specific country) to the telecommunications network voltage circuit ports. Digium, Inc. Page 10...
  • Page 11 Service Personnel Cautions Caution This card is not intended for home use. It must be used in restricted access locations and installed in UL Listed I.T.E. only. Digium, Inc. Page 11...

  • Page 12: Table Of Contents

    Software Installation ........45 Digium, Inc.
  • Page 13 BRI Module ......... . . 83 Using Your Hx8 Series Card ......83 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting .
  • Page 14 Glossary and Acronyms ........97 Digium, Inc.
  • Page 15 Timing Cable Connection ..... 43 Figure 12: Sample Application ......80 Digium, Inc. Page 15...
  • Page 16 RJ45 ISDN BRI S/T Port Connector ... . . 92 Table B-4: Maximum Power Consumption by Component ..95 Table B-5: Maximum Power Consumption by Bundle ..96 Digium, Inc. Page 16...

  • Page 17: Overview

    Note: An FXO module cannot be used in combination with a BRI module that is taking timing in TE mode on the same Hx8 Series card. An FXO module can be used in combination with a BRI module that is providing timing in NT mode on the same Hx8 Series card.

  • Page 18: Figure 1: Sample Card Application For Fxo / Bri

    Chapter 1: Overview Figure 1: Sample Card Application for FXO / BRI Digium, Inc. Page 18...

  • Page 19: Figure 2: Sample Card Application For Fxs / Bri

    Chapter 1: Overview Figure 2: Sample Card Application for FXS / BRI Digium, Inc. Page 19...

  • Page 20: Echo-Cancellation

    Chapter 1: Overview Echo-Cancellation Users connecting their Hx8 Series cards to the PSTN or other devices are likely to be placing calls that will result, at some point, in an unbalanced 4-wire/2-wire hybrid. The result of this hybrid is the reflection of a near- end echo to the calling party.

  • Page 21: What Is Asterisk

    Asterisk as a Gateway It can also be built out as the heart of a media gateway, bridging the legacy PSTN to the expanding world of IP telephony. Asterisk’s modular Digium, Inc. Page 21...

  • Page 22: Asterisk In The Call Center

    Exchange Carriers (CLECs) and even first-tier incumbents have discovered the power of open source communications with Asterisk. Feature servers, hosted services clusters, voicemail systems, and pre-paid calling solutions, all based on Asterisk have helped reduce costs and enabled flexibility. Digium, Inc. Page 22...

  • Page 23: Asterisk Everywhere

    Chapter 1: Overview Asterisk Everywhere Asterisk has become the basis for thousands of communications solutions. If you need to communicate, Asterisk is your answer. For more information on Asterisk, visit http://www.asterisk.org or http:// www.digium.com. Digium, Inc. Page 23...

  • Page 24: Card Installation

    Software Installation on page 45  Installing Asterisk on page 49  Note: The Hx8 Series card installation instructions are written so that they will apply to any card in the series. Examples and card specific information are included as needed. Digium, Inc.

  • Page 25: Unpacking The Card

    If damage is suspected, file a claim with the carrier and contact the reseller from which the card was purchased. If the card was purchased direct from Digium, contact Digium Technical Support at +1.256.428.6161. Keep the original shipping container to use for future shipment or proof of damage during shipment.

  • Page 26: Shipment Inspection

    Installation Support on page 89 for additional information on how to obtain assistance from Digium Technical Support. Module Identification The Hx8 Series cards ship with FXO, FXS, and/or BRI modules in place. These are identified by their color. Take a moment to identify which modules were shipped with your card.

  • Page 27: Port Identification

    The port identification is the same for all cards in this series. It is important to identify the type and location of your Hx8 Series modules. You will need this information during the Asterisk configuration.

  • Page 28: Figure 3: Ha8 Base Card With Single Port Identification

    Chapter 2: Card Installation Single Port 5 Single Port 1 Ports 1 (top) Single Port 6 Single Port 2 Power through Supply 8 (bottom) Figure 3: HA8 Base Card with Single Port Identification Digium, Inc. Page 28...

  • Page 29: Figure 4: Ha8 Base Card With Quad Port Identification

    Chapter 2: Card Installation Ports 1 (top) Power through Supply 8 (bottom) Figure 4: HA8 Base Card with Quad Port Identification Digium, Inc. Page 29...

  • Page 30: Figure 5: Ha8 Bundle With Single Module And Quad Module

    Chapter 2: Card Installation Port 5 Ports Ports 1-4 1 (top) Power through Supply 8 (bottom) VPMADT032 Echo Cancellation Module Figure 5: HA8 Bundle with Single Module and Quad Module Digium, Inc. Page 30...

  • Page 31: Figure 6: Ha8 Bundle With 2 Quad Modules

    5 and 6, the module will use ports 5 through 8. Figure 6 shows a HA8 card with two quad modules. Ports Ports 5-8 Ports 1-4 1 (top) Power through Supply 8 (bottom) VPMADT032 Echo Cancellation Module Figure 6: HA8 Bundle with 2 Quad Modules Digium, Inc. Page 31...

  • Page 32: Applying A Port Identification Label

    Chapter 2: Card Installation Applying a Port Identification Label Once you have identified the ports of the Hx8 Series card, you should apply a port identification label. This is important in order to ensure that only compatible devices are connected to the ports of the Hx8 Series card.

  • Page 33: Card Identification

    Chapter 2: Card Installation Card Identification There are multiple configurations in which an Hx8 Series card may be purchased. Each configuration consists of a combination of single modules, quad modules, or both, and may also include the VPMADT032 echo cancellation module. See Table 1 on page 33 for a list of the most common HA8 configurations.
  • Page 34 1 Quad FXS and 1 Quad FXO module with hardware echo cancellation HA8-0400B 1 BRI module with hardware echo cancellation HA8-0800B 2 BRI modules with hardware echo cancellation HA8-0440B 1 BRI and 1 Quad FXS module with hardware echo cancellation Digium, Inc. Page 34...

  • Page 35: Table 2: Example Hb8 Bundles

    1 Quad FXS module without hardware echo cancellation HB8-0080B 2 Quad FXS modules with hardware echo cancellation HB8-0044B 1 Quad FXS and 1 Quad FXO module with hardware echo cancellation HB8-0400B 1 BRI module with hardware echo cancellation Digium, Inc. Page 35...
  • Page 36 1 BRI and 1 Quad FXS module with hardware echo cancellation Caution Only qualified service personnel should continue with hardware installation and configuration of the Hx8 Series card. Users should not attempt to perform these functions themselves. Digium, Inc. Page 36...

  • Page 37: Slot Compatibility

    Slot Compatibility Check the slots on your motherboard to verify that you have a slot available which is compatible with the Hx8 Series cards. To determine which slots you have on your motherboard, identify them by comparing them to those shown in Figure 8.
  • Page 38 PCIe revision 1.0 compliant slot, including lane lengths x4, x8, and x16. This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 8, the HB8 card will fit into Slots 4, 5, 6, or 7 (PCI Express), but cannot fit into any of the other slots. Digium, Inc. Page 38...

  • Page 39: Hardware Installation

    Insert a four-pin 12 volt connector (disk drive power supply cable, e.g. hard drive) into the white plastic connector on the rear of the card. See Figure 10. Digium, Inc. Page 39...

  • Page 40: Figure 10: Connect Power For Fxs Modules

    If you have FXS modules on your card and your computer does not have power cables available, then power must be provided to the Hx8 Series card by an alternate means. Digium provides a solution to this issue with the optional PWR2400B (available separately). The PWR2400B card is essentially a PCI bracket assembly that takes power from an external DC power supply and routes it to two 15"...
  • Page 41 PCI-size bracket such as a PCI, PCI Express, or AGP slot. Note: The PWR2400B is not intended to supply power to any other device, it is intended only to be used with UL Listed Digium analog- capable cards. 5. Replace the cover to your computer.
  • Page 42 Chapter 2: Card Installation Caution Only connect regulatory equipment (approved for use in your specific country) to the telecommunications network voltage circuit ports. Digium, Inc. Page 42...

  • Page 43: Connecting A Timing Cable

    Chapter 2: Card Installation Connecting a Timing Cable The timing port allows up to three Hx8 Series cards to share the same sync (timing) source from the BRI line provider, or provide a consistent sync source across multiple cards. This is a useful feature for fax modes and some voice applications to prevent corruption due to timing slips on the second and third Hx8 Series cards.

  • Page 44: Fxo, Fxs, And Bri Connection

    RJ11 telephone cable, an analog telephone line should be plugged into one of the RJ11 connectors associated with an FXO module on the Hx8 Series card. Using a standard RJ11 telephone cable, an analog phone should be plugged into one of the RJ11 connectors associated with an FXS module on the Hx8 Series card.

  • Page 45: Software Installation

    For the latest information on setting up and configuring DAHDI drivers for your Digium hardware product, please refer to the latest release of this manual which is available from the product-specific documentation section at: http://www.digium.com To install your Hx8 Series card, you will need: Linux 2.6 kernel headers...
  • Page 46 It is recommended that you use the most recent version of the Asterisk, DAHDI, and libpri software for the best results. If you have previously installed any of these, Digium recommends that you upgrade to the latest “-current” version of each.

  • Page 47: Table 3: Card Identifiers

    8007 8008 A Digium Hx8 Series (HA8/HB8) card identifier should be listed. If a matching card identifier is not listed, then your machine is not PCI 2.2 (or higher) or PCI Express compatible, and the card will not work with your motherboard.
  • Page 48 # tar -zxvf dahdi-linux-complete-current.tar.gz # cd dahdi-linux-complete-X.X.X+X.X.X # make # make install # make config Note: Executing ‘make config’ will install an init script and symlinks which will allow you to start and stop DAHDI as a service. Digium, Inc. Page 48...

  • Page 49: Installing Asterisk

    2. Expand the downloaded file, compile its contents, and install the application. Substitute the version of Asterisk for the X.X.X and X.X.X.X in the command lines below. # tar -zxvf asterisk-X.X.X-current.tar.gz # cd asterisk-X.X.X.X/ # ./configure # make menuselect # make # make install Digium, Inc. Page 49...
  • Page 50 Contact your reseller where the card was purchased, or call Digium Technical Support at +1.256.428.6161 for assistance. Please refer to Free Installation Support on page 89 for additional information on how to obtain assistance from Digium Technical Support.

  • Page 51: Configuration

    Chapter 3 Configuration The Hx8 Series cards have a variety of configuration options. This chapter provides sample configurations to demonstrate customizing the Asterisk software to meet your individual needs. Each section explains basic options as examples. Once you have familiarized yourself with the samples, you can edit the configuration files to meet your specific needs.

  • Page 52: Understanding Span And Channel Assignments

    Chapter 3: Configuration Understanding Span and Channel Assignments In order to properly configure your Hx8 Series card, it is important to understand how spans and channels are assigned to the card in software. A span is a group of channels that is bundled together in software.
  • Page 53 – Four digital spans are dynamically created for each BRI module on the card (0, 4, or 8 total spans). – Digital spans always consist of 2 bchans (i.e. B Channels) and 1 hardhdlc channel (i.e. D Channel). The channels are allocated in that order. Digium, Inc. Page 53...

  • Page 54: Driver Configuration

    Chapter 3: Configuration Driver Configuration You should have identified the type of Hx8 Series card when you received it. If you are not sure, refer to Module Identification on page 26 for assistance. 1. Begin by opening the system.conf file from the directory.
  • Page 55 3 - Receives tertiary backup timing from remote end (slave clock) 4 - Receives quaternary backup timing from remote end (slave clock) ... and so on. Note: Only one span per card can be defined to take timing, and that Digium, Inc. Page 55...
  • Page 56 Asterisk is not running. Sending a yellow alarm is useful for the local side to notify the remote side that it is not ready to accept calls, and for determining which direction a communication problem exists Digium, Inc. Page 56...
  • Page 57 Term (Termination): Any BRI port can use 100 ohm termination. This should be enabled if the placement of an Hx8 Series card is the last in a daisy-chain. This is always the case when using PTP mode, and sometimes the case when using PTMP mode.
  • Page 58 Chapter 3: Configuration Note: If termination is not set appropriately, the D-Channel(s) may not remain stable. Digium, Inc. Page 58...

  • Page 59: Table 4: Common Bri Span Configurations

    <device> = <channel list> A list of valid devices are specified in the sample system.conf file. The devices that need to be specified for a BRI module are listed below. bchan = 1,2,4,5,7,8,10,11 hardhdlc = 3,6,9,12 Digium, Inc. Page 59...
  • Page 60 The bchan device specifies the bearer channels (B channels). The hardhdlc device specifies the delta channel (D channel). Note: Unlike Digium’s Digital T1/E1 cards, the device for the delta channel must be specified as hardhdlc instead of dchan. The Hx8 Series cards will not function properly if dchan is specified.
  • Page 61 = 9 span => 4,4,0,ccs,ami,te,term bchan = 10,11 hardhdlc = 12 span => 5,1,0,ccs,ami,te,term bchan = 13,14 hardhdlc = 15 span => 6,2,0,ccs,ami,te,term bchan = 16,17 hardhdlc = 18 span => 7,3,0,ccs,ami,te,term bchan = 19,20 Digium, Inc. Page 61...
  • Page 62 Chapter 3: Configuration hardhdlc = 21 span => 8,4,0,ccs,ami,te,term bchan = 22,23 hardhdlc = 24 Digium, Inc. Page 62...
  • Page 63 The device that needs to be specified for an FXO module is listed below. fxsks = fxsks uses kewlstart signalling, which is loopstart signalling with disconnect supervision. For example, an Hx8 Series cards with only a quad FXO module installed would be configured as the following: fxsks = 1-4 fxsks = 1,2,3,4...
  • Page 64 Note: An FXO module cannot be used in combination with a BRI module that is taking timing in TE mode on the same Hx8 Series card. An FXO module can be used in combination with a BRI module that is providing timing in NT mode on the same Hx8 Series card.
  • Page 65 => 1,0,0,ccs,ami,nt,term bchan = 1,2 hardhdlc = 3 span => 2,0,0,ccs,ami,nt,term bchan = 4,5 hardhdlc = 6 Digium, Inc. Page 65...
  • Page 66 BRI module is installed on the first quad slot. As far as the analog span is concerned, BRI ports allocated by a BRI module are unpopulated ports. Please refer to the Understanding Span and Channel Assignments section for more details. Digium, Inc. Page 66...
  • Page 67 The device that needs to be specified for an FXS module is listed below. fxoks = fxoks uses kewlstart signalling, which is loopstart signalling with disconnect supervision. For example, an Hx8 Series cards with only a quad FXS module installed would be configured as the following: fxoks = 1-4 fxoks = 1,2,3,4...
  • Page 68 Chapter 3: Configuration fxoks = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 Note: The Hx8 Series cards do not support Ground Start signaling. If a quad FXS module is installed on the first quad slot, and a BRI module is installed on the second quad slot, the configuration should...
  • Page 69 = 6 span => 3,3,0,ccs,ami,te,term bchan = 7,8 hardhdlc = 9 span => 4,4,0,ccs,ami,te,term bchan = 10,11 hardhdlc = 12 fxoks = 17-20 Note: The first four channels of the analog span (i.e. 13-16) are Digium, Inc. Page 69...
  • Page 70 BRI module is installed on the first quad slot. As far as the analog span is concerned, BRI ports allocated by a BRI module are unpopulated ports. Please refer to the Understanding Span and Channel Assignments section for more details. Digium, Inc. Page 70...
  • Page 71 The following is a typical setup using software-based echo cancellation: echocanceller = mg2,1-8 Note: If a hardware echo-cancellation module is installed, please refer to Configuring Card Features on page 73 for information on configuring it. Digium, Inc. Page 71...
  • Page 72 Hx8 Series cards is . Users wctdm24xxp should use the following modprobe command: # modprobe wctdm24xxp # dahdi_cfg -vv Note: The Hx8 Series cards use the same driver as the TDM2400. Digium, Inc. Page 72...

  • Page 73: Configuring Card Features

    Description Module Mode bri_cpe BRI CPE side using Point-to- Point bri_cpe_ptmp BRI CPE side using Point-to- Multipoint bri_net BRI NET side using Point-to- Point fxs_ks FXS Kewlstart with disconnect supervision fxo_ks FXO Kewlstart with disconnect supervision Digium, Inc. Page 73...
  • Page 74 A complete list of valid signalling types are specified in the sample chan_dahdi.conf file. The following is a sample configuration for an Hx8 Series card with 1 quad FXS module and 1 BRI module. You can place this at the bottom of your file.
  • Page 75 Chapter 3: Configuration The following is a sample configuration for an Hx8 Series card with 1 quad FXO module and 1 BRI module. You can place this at the bottom of your chan_dahdi.conf file. ;General options usecallerid = yes hidecallerid = no...
  • Page 76 (16ms), 256 (32ms), 512 (64ms, MG2 only), or 1024 (128ms, MG2 only). Setting "yes" will default the option to 128 (16ms). Users who have not purchased an Hx8 Series card with the hardware echo cancellation module are encouraged to take advantage of Digium's High Performance Echo Canceller software.

  • Page 77: Voicemail

    1234 4242 Mark is the person’s name, and is his email address. Spencer root@localhost You can add extensions by adding the following: 1000 => 1234,Moose Member,moose@digium.com 2000 => 1234,Bill Savage,bsavage@digium.com Digium, Inc. Page 77...

  • Page 78: Dial Plan

    In this step, you will configure a basic dial plan to enable you to send and receive calls. If you are using an Hx8 Series card with 1 quad FXS module and 1 BRI module, go to the bottom of the file and add the following lines: [Internal] exten =>...
  • Page 79 BRI, rings phones 1 and 2, and route to voicemail box 1000. If you are using an Hx8 Series card with 1 quad FXO module and 1 BRI module, go to the bottom of the file and add the following lines: [Incoming] exten =>...

  • Page 80: Testing Your Configuration

    Test your configuration by placing an outgoing call, placing a call from extension 1 to 2, or receiving an incoming call. Successful completion of these tasks indicates your configuration is working properly. Figure 12: Sample Application Digium, Inc. Page 80...
  • Page 81 Chapter 3: Configuration Note: More detailed information is provided at the Asterisk website (www.asterisk.org) and the Digium Knowledge Base (kb.digium.com). Digium, Inc. Page 81...

  • Page 82: Fxs, Fxo, And Bri Explained

    FXS Module The FXS module allows an Hx8 Series card to initiate and send ringing voltage to an FXO device such as an analog telephone. Because of the modular design, you can activate additional ports at any time with more FXS daughter cards.

  • Page 83: Bri Module

    FXO daughter cards. BRI Module The BRI module allows an Hx8 Series card to serve as Terminal Equipment (TE) or as a Network Termination (NT) device. When configured as an NT device, it is the source of BRI lines. Because of the modular design, you can activate additional ports at any time with more BRI daughter cards.

  • Page 84: Chapter 5 Troubleshooting

    What type of cable do I need for BRI? Digium recommends using the Digium BRI RJ11-to-RJ45 cables that are provided with each BRI module. The driver for the Hx8 Series cards will automatically swap the transmit and receive pins when going between TE and NT mode.
  • Page 85 ‘fxotune -s’ in your distribution’s startup scripts at some point after the DAHDI module loads and before Asterisk executes. Note: The digit after the -i option is the DTMF digit that will break dialtone on the line. Digium, Inc. Page 85...
  • Page 86 Asterisk: *CLI> core show applications *CLI> core show functions Digium also offers services to help configure and add features you might need. Please refer to Subscription Services Program on page 89 for more information. Digium, Inc.
  • Page 87 Check the current mode using this command: hdparm -vi /dev/[IDE Device] Use this command to set the drives into UDMA2 mode: hdparm -d 1 -X udma2 -c 3 /dev/[IDE Device] Digium, Inc. Page 87...
  • Page 88 There are several places to inquire for more information about Asterisk Digium products: 1. Digium Technical Support (+1.256.428.6161), or Toll Free in the U.S. (+1.877.344.4861), is available 7am-8pm Central Time (GMT -6), Monday - Friday. Please refer to Free Installation Support on page 89 for additional information on how to obtain assistance from Digium Technical Support.

  • Page 89: Free Installation Support

    Asterisk experts. Pricing on Subscription Services may be obtained from your nearest reseller or you may call Digium Sales for referral to your nearest reseller at +1.256.428.6000 or send an e-mail to sales@digium.com...

  • Page 90: Appendix A Pin Assignments

    Appendix A Pin Assignments All eight ports on the Hx8 Series card’s bracket are 6-pin RJ11 ports. The pin assignments when using an FXO or FXS module are identified in Table A-1. The pin assignments when using a BRI module are identified in Table A-2.

  • Page 91: Table A-2: Rj11 Telco Port Connector For Bri

    Appendix A: Pin Assignments Table A-2: RJ11 Telco Port Connector for BRI BRI TE BRI NT Not used Not used Pin 1 Pin 6 Not used Not used Digium, Inc. Page 91...

  • Page 92: Table A-3: Rj45 Isdn Bri S/T Port Connector

    Appendix A: Pin Assignments The Digium BRI RJ11-to-RJ45 cable will convert the pin assignments in Table A-2 to those identified in Table A-3 when using a BRI module. Table A-3: RJ45 ISDN BRI S/T Port Connector BRI TE BRI NT...

  • Page 93: Specifications

    Appendix B Specifications This appendix provides specifications, required environmental conditions, and maximum power consumption for the Hx8 Series cards. Physical (All Cards). Size: 6.54” × 4.2” × 0.68” (16.46 x 10.67 x 1.72 cm) PCB size, does not include the PCI bracket.
  • Page 94 HA8 and HB8 bundle. Note: 3.3 and 5 volt power is taken from the PCI slot. 12 volt power is taken only from the four-pin hard disk drive connector or optional PWR2400B. Digium, Inc. Page 94...

  • Page 95: Table B-4: Maximum Power Consumption By Component

    S110M with 5 REN load 0.5W 3.9W S400M with four 3 REN loads 1.5W S400M with four 5 REN loads 1.5W 16.5W B400M 0.25W VPMADT032 1.5W The following table lists the maximum power consumption for two example bundles. Digium, Inc. Page 95...

  • Page 96: Table B-5: Maximum Power Consumption By Bundle

    1 X400M module 0.5W = 2.25W Note: The maximum power consumption for additional bundles can be calculated by adding together the maximum power consumption for each component listed in Table B-4 that make up a particular bundle. Digium, Inc. Page 96...
  • Page 97 The dissipation of a transmitted signal’s power as it travels over a wire. bandwidth The capacity to carry traffic. Higher bandwidth indicates the ability to transfer more data in a given time period. Digium, Inc. Page 97...
  • Page 98 A generic term for an individual data stream. Service providers can use multiplexing techniques to transmit multiple channels over a common medium. Cat5 Category of Performance for wiring and cabling. Cat 5 cabling support applications up to 100 MHz. Digium, Inc. Page 98...
  • Page 99 Digium Asterisk Hardware Device Interface A telephony project dedicated to implementing a reasonable and affordable computer telephony platform into the world marketplace. In addition, the collective name for the Digium-provided drivers for Digium telephony interface products. Digium, Inc. Page 99...
  • Page 100 The European equivalent of North American T1, transmits data at 2.048 Mbps, up to 32 channels (DS0s). The European equivalent of North American T3, transmits data at 34.368 Mbps, up to 512 channels (DS0s). Equivalent to 16 E1 lines. Electromagnetic Interference Unwanted electrical noise. Digium, Inc. Page 100...
  • Page 101 G.729a A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive audio at 8 kbps. H.323 A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) for multimedia communications over packet-based networks. Digium, Inc. Page 101...
  • Page 102 A point of contact between two systems, networks, or devices. International Standards Organization Interactive Voice Menu An interactive technology that allows a telephone system to detect voice and keypad input. Digium, Inc. Page 102...
  • Page 103 A device which transmits multiple signals over a single communications line or channel. See multiplexing. Network Termination A device connecting the customer's telephone or data equipment to the local ISDN exchange carrier's line. NT devices are connected to TE devices. Digium, Inc. Page 103...
  • Page 104 Primary Rate ISDN PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network A communications network which uses telephones to establish connections between two points. Also referred to as the dial network. Digium, Inc. Page 104...
  • Page 105 An arbitrary value which denotes the electrical load a telephone ringer has on a line. RJ11 A six-pin jack typically used for connecting telephones, modems, and fax machines in residential and business settings to PBX or the local telephone CO. Digium, Inc. Page 105...
  • Page 106 Terminal equipment comprises all customer premises equipment (CPE). TE devices are connected to NT devices. telco A generic name which refers to the telephone companies throughout the world, including RBOCs, LECs, and PTTs. Digium, Inc. Page 106...
  • Page 107 The wires are wrapped loosely around each other to minimize radio frequency interference or interference from other pairs in the same bundle. Volts VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol Technology used for transmitting voice traffic over a data network using the Internet Protocol. Digium, Inc. Page 107...

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