Tektronix TriMode TDP7700 Series Technical Reference
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Tektronix TriMode TDP7700 Series Technical Reference

Tektronix TriMode TDP7700 Series Technical Reference

Probes
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TDP7700 Series
™
TriMode
Probes
Technical Reference
*P077142700*
077-1427-00

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Summary of Contents for Tektronix TriMode TDP7700 Series

  • Page 1 TDP7700 Series ™ TriMode Probes Technical Reference *P077142700* 077-1427-00...
  • Page 3 TDP7700 Series ™ TriMode Probes Technical Reference Revision A www.tek.com 077-1427-00...
  • Page 4 Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Important safety information ......................General safety summary ........................ Terms in the manual ........................Terms on the product ........................Symbols on the product ......................... Theory of operation Introduction ............................ Probe components ........................Probe tips ........................... Probe input architecture ........................
  • Page 6 Table of Contents Impedance graphs ......................... Nominal characteristics ........................ Environmental ..........................Performance verification Test record ............................ Check system noise ........................TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...

  • Page 7: Important Safety Information

    Important safety information This manual contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user for safe operation and to keep the product in a safe condition. General safety summary Use the product only as specified. Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it.

  • Page 8: Terms In The Manual

    Important safety information Probes and test leads Remove all probes, test leads and accessories that are not in use. Inspect the probe and accessories. Before each use, inspect probe and accessories for damage (cuts, tears, or defects in the probe body, accessories, or cable jacket). Do not use if damaged.

  • Page 9: Theory Of Operation

    Theory of operation Introduction The TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes are designed for use with 6 Series MSO and newer oscilloscopes. Three TDP7700 Series TriMode Probe models are available with bandwidths from 4 GHz to 8 GHz. 6 Series MSO oscilloscope models are available at comparable bandwidths.

  • Page 10: Probe Components

    If the LED is red, disconnect and reconnect the probe to restart the power-on diagnostic sequence. If the symptoms continue, connect the probe to another oscilloscope channel or oscilloscope. If the symptoms remain, return the probe to Tektronix for repair. TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...

  • Page 11: Probe Tips

    Theory of operation Main interconnect cable. This cable assembly consists of a pair of matched, low- loss coaxial signal cables that carry the acquired signal from the probe head to the probe comp box. The cable assembly includes an 8-conductor bundle of wires that supply probe tip head power and control signals from the probe comp box through the TekFlex connector interface.
  • Page 12 The browser tip can be held in place or can be used to make hands-free connections to the DUT when using the Browser Tri-Pod accessory, or a probe positioner, such as the Tektronix PPM203B. The browser includes multiple sets of S-parameters based on the spacing of the tips. The spacing is monitored and the correct set of S-parameters are automatically used.

  • Page 13: Probe Input Architecture

    Theory of operation P77C292MM adapter. Use the P77C292MM, 2.92 mm adapter to connect a TDP7700 series probe to a DUT with 50 Ω test point connectors. 2.92 mm connectors are mechanically compatible with SMA connectors. Figure 3: P77C292MM adapter The adapter supports testing of serial standards such as HDMI, MIPI M-PHY, and DisplayPort;...
  • Page 14 Theory of operation Figure 4: TDP7700 Series TriMode probe input architecture The TekFlex active probe tip has two inputs, A_IN and B_IN, which can, depending on the tip design, support TriMode measurements. With a TriMode tip, such as a TekFlex solder-in tip, it is possible to make differential, single- ended A, single-ended B, and common-mode measurements, all from a single soldered differential signal connection to a DUT.
  • Page 15 Theory of operation The input attenuation resistors serve three major functions for the dual input tip buffer: The high resistance of the attenuation resistors provides very light loading on ■ the probe input signals. The probe tip attenuation factor expands the linear dynamic range of the ■...
  • Page 16 A input to the signal and the ground input of the probe to the ground input of the DUT. In this situation, Tektronix recommends using A-B mode with the B input connected to ground. Reasons for this recommendation...
  • Page 17 Theory of operation The comp box receives power and control signals from the oscilloscope through the TekVPI interface. The TekVPI interface is an intelligent probe connection that includes many automated and manual control features. For example, there is a probe S-parameter memory in the comp box that stores high frequency characterization data for the probe signal path.

  • Page 18: Trimode Operation

    Theory of operation Figure 5: TDP7700 Series TriMode probe input architecture with the P77C292MM SMA adapter TriMode operation The TriMode feature of the TDP7700 Series probes is designed for improved convenience and enhanced capability in measuring differential signal quality. Because a differential signal is composed of two complementary single-ended signals, full characterization of a differential signal requires more than a simple differential measurement.
  • Page 19 Theory of operation Using any of the TekFlex solder-in tips, probe connections are made to the two complementary signals (the A signal and the B signal) and a ground reference. From this single DUT connection, the internal electronic switching control of the TriMode probe allows any one of the four probe input modes to be selected at a time.

  • Page 20: Operating Voltages

    Theory of operation Operating voltages The TDP7700 Series probes are designed to probe high-frequency, low-voltage circuits. Before probing a circuit, take into account the limits for the operating voltages discussed in this section. ■ Max non-destruct input voltage ■ Input signal dynamic range ■...

  • Page 21: Input Signal Dynamic Range

    Theory of operation CAUTION. To avoid ESD damage to the probe, always use an antistatic wrist strap (provided with your probe), and work at a static-approved workstation when handling the probe. Input signal dynamic The input signal dynamic range is bound by the maximum voltage difference between either the A and B input of the probe tip and the probe tip ground range reference that the probe can accept without distorting the signal.
  • Page 22 Theory of operation Figure 8: Simplified diagram of the TekFlex probe tip input network The offset voltage affects the probe tip buffer’s measured signal through a resistive summer configuration that forms the buffer’s input attenuator network. The high value resistors used in the input attenuator result in an interaction between the input signal and the offset voltage DC level.
  • Page 23 Theory of operation The offset range limits apply to each side of the single-ended inputs. Due to this, the common-mode and differential offset ranges are limited to the area shown in the diamond-shaped graph below. When the maximum differential offset is applied, the common-mode offset is restricted to 0V.
  • Page 24 Theory of operation Figure 9: Simplified Auto Tracking circuitry The A and B input signals are buffered by the active probe tip buffer amplifier and passed down the probe main cable assembly into the comp box probe amplifier input pins. The A and B input signals are picked off inside the probe amplifier with large value resistors and output to an averaging filter capacitor as Sense_A and Sense_B signals.

  • Page 25: Operating Voltage Window

    Theory of operation Voltage window. The operating voltage window defines the input signal voltage Operating voltage window range within which probe measurements can be made with good fidelity. The operating voltage window limits is a function of input dynamic range, offset and, in the case of the P77C292MM adapter, V .
  • Page 26 Theory of operation Figure 12: Operating voltage window (common mode, flex tip) TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 27 Theory of operation Voltage window with P77C292MM SMA adapter. The P77C292MM adapter operating voltage window is shown in the following figure. Figure 13: Operating voltage window (P77C292MM SMA adapter) The A operating voltage window range for the adapter of ±4.0 V is shown on the vertical axis and the B operating voltage window range of ±4.0 V is shown on the horizontal axis.

  • Page 28: Improving Measurement Accuracy

    Theory of operation Improving measurement accuracy DSP correction filtering TDP7700 Series probes and probe tips use DSP correction filtering to optimize probe measurement fidelity. High frequency time domain measurement performance characteristics such as rise time, aberrations, and pulse flatness are improved by DSP correction filtering.

  • Page 29: Solder-In Tip Connection Wire Length

    Theory of operation Solder-in tip connection There are four via locations for soldering wire connections between the probe tip and the measurement DUT. wire length The via connections include the probe tip A and B inputs for a differential signal and two ground connections for best performance and flexibility in connecting to a close DUT ground.
  • Page 30 Theory of operation Figure 17: P77STFLXA solder tip attached with 75 mils (1.90 mm) wires (rise time = 27.9 ps) Figure 18: P77STFLXA solder tip attached with 120 mils (3.05 mm) wires (rise time = 30.1 ps) Figure 19: P77STFLXA solder tip attached with 200 mils (5.08 mm) wires (rise time = 34 ps) TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...

  • Page 31: Using Offset Voltage To Extend Tekflex ® Solder-In Tip Input Voltage Range

    Theory of operation Figure 20: P77STFLXA solder tip attached with 300 mils (7.62 mm) wires (rise time = 42.8 ps) The following table shows the rise time and overshoot degradation versus lead length. Table 2: Rise time and overshoot degradation versus lead length Signal wire lead 10 - 90 Rise time 20 - 80 Rise time...
  • Page 32 Theory of operation Figure 21: Simplified diagram of the TekFlex probe tip input network The offset voltage affects the probe tip buffer’s measured signal through a resistive summer configuration that forms the buffer’s input attenuator network. The high value resistors used in the buffer’s input attenuator result in an interaction between the input signal and the offset voltage DC level.

  • Page 33: Making Single Ended Measurements Using The P77Brwsr Differential Probe Tip

    Theory of operation Making single ended A TriMode tip provides solder connections for a DUT ground reference for both the A and B probe inputs making single-ended measurements with a TriMode measurements using the probe tip straightforward. Although the differential input mode of the probe is P77BRWSR differential normally used to make a differential signal measurement, single-ended probe tip...

  • Page 34: Skew Measurements Of Differential Signals

    Theory of operation Figure 22: Active tip measurement configuration Skew measurements of Differential signals are composed of two complementary single-ended signals that generally swing around a common bias voltage. An example of an LVDS differential signals differential signal is shown in the following figure. Figure 23: Example of LVDS differential signal The complementary single-ended signals labeled A and B in the previous figure must have well matched signal timing (for example, low skew) to function as a...
  • Page 35 Theory of operation At first it might seem reasonable to try to make a skew measurement by directly comparing the A and B signal timing. Although it is possible to display both the single-ended A and B signals that make up the differential signal using the TriMode measurement selection function, both signals cannot be displayed with a single signal acquisition of the oscilloscope.
  • Page 36 Theory of operation TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...

  • Page 37: Reference

    Reference This section defines common terms used to specify the instrument. Differential measurements A differential probe is optimized to measure high speed differential signals. Differential signals are formed from two complementary signals with a common reference voltage. (See Figure 24: Simplified model of a differential amplifier page 29.) Devices designed for differential measurements avoid problems presented by single-ended systems.

  • Page 38: Common-Mode Rejection Ratio

    Reference Common-mode rejection Differential amplifiers cannot reject all of the common-mode signal. The ability of a differential amplifier to reject the common-mode signal is expressed as the ratio common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The DC CMRR is the differential-mode gain (A ) divided by the common- mode gain (A ).

  • Page 39: Assessing Cmrr Error

    Reference Assessing CMRR error The CMRR of the TDP7700 Series probes is shown in graphs assuming a sinusoidal common-mode signal. A quick way to assess the magnitude of CMRR error when the common-mode signal is not sinusoidal is to connect both leads to the same point in the circuit.
  • Page 40 Reference Figure 26: Typical channel isolation TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 41 Specifications These specifications apply to the TDP7700 Series probes when installed on an 6 Series MSO oscilloscope with a bandwidth greater than or equal to 8 GHz. The probe performance may be degraded if a probe is operated using an oscilloscope with bandwidth less than the probe bandwidth.
  • Page 42 Specifications DMRR, typical, unfiltered, probe- only DC-50 MHz 34 dB 50 MHz-800 MHz 24 dB 800 MHz-4 GHz 14 dB 4 GHz-8 GHz 10 dB Channel isolation, typical Unfiltered, probe only DC-50 MHz 50 MHz-800 MHz 800 MHz-4 GHz 4 GHz-8 GHz >40 dB >30 dB >15 dB...
  • Page 43 Specifications DC input resistance (, typical) Tips/Adapters Differential P77C292MM 100 Ω P77STFLXA, P77STCABL 100 kΩ P77BRWSR 144 kΩ ± 20% Low frequency input capacitance (differential, typical) Solder-in tips 0.4 pF Browser 0.23 pF @ 50 mil spacing 0.22 pF @ 200 mil spacing Operating voltage window, typical Solder-in tips ±5.25 V...

  • Page 44: Impedance Graphs

    Specifications Impedance graphs Figure 27: P77STCABL differential impedance Figure 28: P77STCABL SE impedance TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...
  • Page 45 Specifications Figure 29: P77STFLXA differential impedance Figure 30: PST77FLXA SE impedance Figure 31: P77BRWSR differential impedance TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...

  • Page 46: Nominal Characteristics

    Specifications Nominal characteristics Weight Probe cable and head 3.5 oz Probe (comp box, cable, head) 9.6 oz Cable length 1.21 m (4.0 feet) Oscilloscope interface FlexChannel Accessory connector TekFlex Environmental Temperature range Compensation box and Operating: 0 °C to +50 °C (32 °F to 122 °F) browser Non-Operating: -20 °C to +60 °C (-4 °F to 140 °F) Cable and solder-in tips...

  • Page 47: Performance Verification

    Performance verification Test record Test record for TDP7700. Model Serial # Procedure performed by Date System noise Performance checks Noise Probe Horizontal scale Limit Test result P77STCABL or TDP7708 4 μs/div ≤ 4.65 mV P77STFLXA TDP7706 4 μs/div ≤ 4.1 mV TDP7704 4 μs/div ≤...

  • Page 48: Check System Noise

    Performance verification Check system noise This test checks the system noise. This test is valid when used on an MSO6 Series instrument. Use the following steps to check the system noise: 1. Plug a P77STCABL or P77STFLXA into the probe tip and connect the probe to a channel on the oscilloscope.
  • Page 49 Index cable assembly, 3 channel isolation, 31 offset voltage, 13 check noise, 40 operating voltage window, 17 CMRR operating voltages, 12 assessing CMRR error, 31 common-mode rejection ratio, comp box, correction filtering, 20 Performance Verification test record, 39 probe components, differential measurements, 29 Differential-Mode rejection ratio, 31 DMRR, 31...
  • Page 50 Index TDP7700 Series TriMode Probes Technical Reference...

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