6$
9
(DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ DQG SURFHVVLQJ
$Q LPSRUWDQW HOHPHQW IRU IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LV WKH GHWHF
WLRQ RI DQ HDUWK IDXOW VLQFH WKH YDOLGLW\ RI WKH OLQH ORRS
LPSHGDQFHV DQG WKH VKDSH RI WKH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ
FKDUDFWHULVWLF HVVHQWLDOO\ GHSHQG RQ ZKHWKHU LW LV DQ
HDUWK IDXOW RU QRW 7KH PRGHO 6$ LV HTXLSSHG
ZLWK VWDELOL]HG PHDVXUHPHQW RI WKH HDUWK FXUUHQW D
FRPSDULVRQ IDFLOLW\ RI WKH ]HUR VHTXHQFH FXUUHQW DQG
WKH QHJDWLYH VHTXHQFH FXUUHQW DV ZHOO DV D GHWHFWLRQ
RI WKH GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH 0HDVXUHV KDYH DOVR
EHHQ SURYLGHG WR VXSSUHVV IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LQ WKH
FDVH RI VLQJOHSKDVH HDUWK IDXOWV LQ LVRODWHG RU FRP
SHQVDWHG V\VWHPV
7KH HDUWK FXUUHQW GHWHFWRU PRQLWRUV WKH IXQGDPHQ
WDO ZDYH GHULYHG IURP QXPHULFDO ILOWHUV RI WKH WRWDO RI
WKH SKDVH FXUUHQWV ,
@
WKH VHW WKUHVKROG YDOXH SDUDPHWHU ,H! ,W LV
VWDELOL]HG DJDLQVW IDXOW\ SLFNXS FDXVHG E\ DV\P
PHWULF RSHUDWLQJ FXUUHQWV RU GLVWRUWHG FXUUHQWV LQ WKH
VHFRQGDU\ FLUFXLW RI WKH FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV UHVXOW
LQJ IURP GLIIHUHQW FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU VDWXUDWLRQ ZLWK
HDUWKIUHH VKRUWFLUFXLWV WKH DFWXDO SLFNXS YDOXH LV
DXWRPDWLFDOO\ LQFUHDVHG DV WKH SKDVH FXUUHQWV LQ
FUHDVH )LJXUH ([DPSOH IRU VHWWLQJ WKH KRUL
]RQWDO EUDQFK LV VKLIWHG DFFRUGLQJ GLIIHUHQW VHW
WLQJV 7KH GURSRII YDOXH LV DSSUR[LPDWHO\
WKH SLFNXS YDOXH
6WURQJ VWDELOL]DWLRQ RI WKH HDUWK FXUUHQW GHWHFWRU PD\
RFFXU RQ ORQJ KHDY\ ORDGHG OLQHV FDXVHG E\ KLJK
ORDG FXUUHQWV FI )LJXUH ,Q RUGHU WR HQVXUH
HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ HYHQ XQGHU WKRVH FRQGLWLRQV
FRPSDULVRQ LV PDGH EHWZHHQ WKH HDUWK FXUUHQW DQG
WKH QHJDWLYH VHTXHQFH FXUUHQW ,I WKH HDUWK FXUUHQW LV
DW OHDVW WLPHV WKH QHJDWLYH VHTXHQFH FXUUHQW ,
! k ,
WKHQ HDUWK IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG HYHQ LI VWDELOL
!
]DWLRQ ZRXOG DYRLG SLFNXS RI WKH HDUWK FXUUHQW VWDJH
VKDGHG DUHD LQ )LJXUH
7KH GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH GHWHFWRU PRQLWRUV WKH IXQ
GDPHQWDO ZDYH GHULYHG IURP QXPHULFDO ILOWHUV RI WKH
,
!
@
,
@
hiv
yvrq
!
D
3
(
"
D
k
8
!
@
)LJXUH
(DUWK IDXOW SURFHVVLQJ
k ,
LQ FRPSDULVRQ ZLWK
!!
:
:
!
GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH 8
ZLWK WKH VHW WKUHVKROG YDOXH SDUDPHWHU 8H!
7KH GURSRII YDOXH LV
7KH WZR FULWHULD VXSSOHPHQW HDFK RWKHU VLQFH WKH
GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH LQFUHDVHV ZLWK KLJKHU UDWLR RI
]HUR VHTXHQFH LPSHGDQFHSRVLWLYH VHTXHQFH LP
SHGDQFH ZKHUHDV WKH HDUWK FXUUHQW LQFUHDVHV ZLWK
ORZHU UDWLR RI ]HUR VHTXHQFH LPSHGDQFHSRVLWLYH VH
TXHQFH LPSHGDQFH (DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LV VWDEL
OL]HG GXULQJ D VLQJOHSROH DXWRUHFORVH F\FOH LQ RUGHU
WR SUHYHQW IURP ZURQJ PHDVXUHPHQW ZLWK WKH IDXOW\
]HUR VHTXHQFH FRPSRQHQWV LQ WKLV FDVH
,Q V\VWHPV ZLWK HDUWKHG VWDUSRLQW HIIHFWLYHO\ RU ORZ
UHVLVWDQFH HDUWKHG WKH YROWDJH DQG FXUUHQW FULWHULD
FDQ EH FRPELQHG E\ ORJLFDO $1' RU ORJLFDO 25 )LJ
XUH EHIRUH DQ HDUWK IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG SDUDPHWHU
() '(7(&7 'HWHFWLRQ RI DQ HDUWK IDXOW RQ LWV
RZQ GRHV QRW OHDG WR JHQHUDO IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ VLJQDO RI
WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ EXW RQO\ FRQWUROV WKH RWKHU
IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ PRGXOHV ,W LV QRW DQQXQFLDWHG RQ LWV
RZQ HLWKHU
,Q QRQHDUWKHG V\VWHPV LVRODWHG VWDUSRLQW RU ZLWK
DUF FRPSHQVDWLRQ E\ PHDQV RI 3HWHUVHQ FRLO WKH
GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH PRQLWRU LV QRW XVHG IRU HDUWK
RI
IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ $ VLQJOHSKDVH HDUWK IDXOW LV DOVR LQL
WLDOO\ DVVXPHG LQ WKHVH V\VWHPV LQ WKH HYHQW RI D
VLQJOHSKDVH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ DQG WKH GHWHFWLRQ LV
VXSSUHVVHG WR SUHYHQW IDXOW\ SLFNXS E\ WKH RVFLOOD
WLRQ WUDQVLHQWV RQ WKH RFFXUUHQFH RI D VLPSOH HDUWK
IDXOW 3LFNXS LV HQDEOHG DJDLQ IROORZLQJ DQ DGMXVW
DEOH GHOD\ WLPH 7,H 3+$6( DGGUHVV WKLV LV
QHFHVVDU\ VR WKDW WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ LV VWLOO DEOH
WR UHFRJQL]H D FURVV FRXQWU\ GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW ZLWK
RQH IDXOW SRLQW RQ D VSXU IHHGHU ,I KRZHYHU DQ HDUWK
IDXOW LV DOUHDG\ SUHVHQW LQ WKH V\VWHP WKLV LV GHWHFWHG
E\ WKH GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH PRQLWRU $GGUHVV
8H! WKH GHOD\ LV WKHQ QRW HIIHFWLYH DQ HDUWK IDXOW
ZKLFK QRZ RFFXUV LQ DQRWKHU SKDVH FDQ RQO\ EH D
GRXEOHSKDVH HDUWK IDXOW
!
h
hrr
@A 9@U@8U
$1'
25
0HWKRG RI RSHUDWLRQ
c k 8
LQ FRPSDULVRQ
@
RI WKH SLFNXS YDOXH
HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWHG
&*&