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4
Description of Heater Structure and Operation
The heater operates independently from the vehicle engine.
The fuel and electric power supply is provided by the vehicle. See figure 4.1 for the
heater wiring diagram.
The heater is a self-contained heating device comprising the following:
- heating device (see figure 4.2 for basic components thereof);
- fuel supply pump providing fuel for the combustion chamber;
- ignition and indicator device (control panel);
- wiring harness connecting heater fittings to the vehicle battery.
- fuel tank
The heater's operating principle is based on heating air driven through the heater's
heat exchange system.
The heat sources are fuel combustion gases from the combustion chamber. The
resulting heat warms the walls of the heat exchanger, which is air-blown from the outside.
Air passes through the ribbing of the heat exchanger and enters the passenger compartment
or other compartments of the vehicle.
Upon ignition, control unit of the heater checks the heater to ascertain whether fittings
such as the flame indicator, the overheat sensor, air pump motor, plugs, fuel supply pump
and the electric circuits thereof are working properly.
If no problem is detected, the ignition process starts.
In accordance with the preset sequence, the combustion chamber is fore-purged and the
glow plug warms up to the required temperature. Air and fuel starts to enter the combustion
chamber under the same procedure, whereupon the ignition process is initiated. Once stable
combustion is achieved, the heating plug switches off. Flame control is provided by the
flame indicator. All processes involved in heater operation are monitored by the control
unit.
The control unit controls heat exchanger temperature and halts the combustion process
as soon as the temperature exceeds the specified limit and the temperature of the heated air.
The heater may be switched off at any time.
Pressing the heater deactivation command stops the fuel entering and the combustion
chamber is purged with air.
During automated operation control of the heater in emergency situations, bear in mind
the following:
1) in the event of ignition failure, the process will be repeated. The heater will switch off
following two consecutive ignition failures;
2) if in a operating time of a heater, a burning stops, then the attempt of starting will be
repeated. In operating time of a heater a flameout is possible till 3 times;
3) if the heat exchanger is overheated (maybe as a result of closure of the heater
inlet/outlet vents), the heater will switch off automatically,
4) if the heated air is overheated maybe as a result of closure of the heater inlet/outlet
vents), the heater will switch off automatically.
5) if voltage drops below 20 V (10 V) or exceeds 30 V (16 V) the heater will switch off;
6) at emergency switching off of a heater on the control panel (CP) the light-emitting
diode blinks. The quantity of blinking corresponds to an error code. Watch an error
code in the manual of control panel.
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