Fluid Velocity; Fluid Velocity And Pressure Drop (Copper) - Viessmann VITOSOL 200-FM SV2F Design Manual
Flat plate solar collectors
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Solar System Design Guide
Fluid Velocity
To minimize the pressure drop through the solar thermal
system pipe work, the fluid velocity in the pipe should not
exceed 3.3 ft/s (1 m/s). We recommend fluid velocities
between 1.3 and 2.3 ft/s (0.4 and 0.7 m/s). At these
fluid velocities, an approximate pressure drop as indicated
below can result:
0.12 and 0.3 "w.c. per foot of pipe length
(1 and 2.5 mbar per meter of pipe length)
For the installation of collectors, we recommend sizing
the solar supply and return pipes as for a normal heating
system according to flow rate and velocity.
Fluid Velocity and Pressure Drop (Copper)
Flow
Rate
0.55
125
2.1
0.66
150
2.5
0.77
175
2.9
0.88
200
3.3
1.10
250
4.2
1.32
300
5.0
1.54
350
5.8
1.76
400
6.7
1.98
450
7.5
2.20
500
8.3
2.64
600
10.0
3.08
700
11.7
3.52
800
13.3
3.96
900
15.0
4.40
1000
16.7
6.61
1500
25.0
8.81
2000
33.3
11.01
2500
41.7
13.21
3000
50.0
15.41
3500
58.3
Recommended Operating Range
*It is recommended that you add a safety factor of 10% to 20 % to the values in the table
Pressure Drop and Fluid Velocity for Copper Type-L
1/2" Copper (Type-L)
Pressure
Fluid
Drop
Velocity
0.86
0.84
0.76
0.23
1.18
1.16
0.91
0.28
1.55
1.52
1.06
0.32
1.95
1.92
1.21
0.37
2.89
2.83
1.51
0.46
3.97
3.89
1.82
0.55
5.20
5.10
2.12
0.65
6.57
6.44
2.42
0.74
8.07
7.92
2.72
0.83
9.70
9.52
3.03
0.92
13.36
13.10
3.63
1.11
17.49
17.15
4.24
1.29
22.10
21.67
4.84
1.48
Note: Excessively high fluid velocity results in a higher
pressure drop and potentially could erode the walls
of the pipe work. If the fluid velocity is too low,
the system will not capture or move the air trapped
in the system.
Any residual air that has collected at the collector must
be routed downwards through the solar return line to the
air vent in the Solar-Divicon. This will have to be manually
vented.
3/4" Copper (Type-L)
Pressure
Fluid
Drop
Velocity
0.92
0.90
1.02
0.31
1.16
1.14
1.17
0.36
1.42
1.40
1.31
0.40
1.71
1.68
1.46
0.45
2.36
2.31
1.75
0.53
3.08
3.02
2.04
0.62
3.90
3.82
2.33
0.71
4.79
4.70
2.63
0.80
5.76
5.65
2.92
0.89
11.71
11.48
4.38
1.34
Design and Operation
1" Copper (Type-L)
Pressure
Fluid
Drop
Velocity
0.66
0.65
1.03
0.31
0.87
0.85
1.20
0.37
1.09
1.07
1.37
0.42
1.34
1.32
1.54
0.47
1.62
1.59
1.71
0.52
3.29
3.22
2.57
0.78
5.44
5.33
3.42
1.04
8.03
7.88
4.28
1.31
11.05
10.84
5.14
1.57
14.48
14.20
5.99
1.83
75
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