Page 1 Caution Do not exceed the operating input power, voltage, and current level and signal type appropriate for the instrument being used, refer to your instrument's Function Reference. Electrostatic discharge(ESD) can damage the highly sensitive microcircuits in your instrument. ESD damage is most likely to occur as the test fixtures are being connected or disconnected.
Page 2 When you notice any of the unusual conditions listed below, immediately terminate operation and disconnect the power cable. Contact your local Agilent Technologies sales representative or authorized service company for repair of the instrument. If you continue to operate without repairing the instrument, there is a potential fire or shock hazard for the operator.
Page 3 Herstellerbescheinigung GER AUSCHEMISSION < 70 dB am Arbeitsplatz normaler Betrieb nach DIN 45635 T. 19 Manufacturer's Declaration ACOUSTIC NOISE EMISSION < 70 dB operator position normal operation per ISO 7779...
Page 4 This product complies with the essential requirements of the following applicable European Directives, and carries the CE marking accordingly: The Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC, amended by 93/68/EEC The EMC Directive 89/336/EEC, amended by 93/68/EEC To obtain Declaration of Conformity, please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office, agent or distributor.
Page 5 ・ This equipment is tested with stand-alone condition or with the combination with the accessories supplied by Agilent Technologies against the requirement of the standards described in the Declaration of Conformity. If it is used as a system component, compliance of related regulations and safety requirements...
Page 7 Agilent E4991A RF Impedance/Material Analyzer Operation Manual Ninth Edition SERIAL NUMBERS This manual applies directly to instruments that have the firmware revision 2.1x and serial number prefix MY433. For additional important information about firmware revisions and serial numbers, see Appendix A.
Page 8 X/Open Company Limited. Portions ©Copyright 2012, Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. © Copyright 2001, 2002 ,2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 , 2012 Agilent Technologies Manual Printing History The manual’s printing date and part number indicate its current edition. The printing date changes when a new edition is printed (minor corrections and updates that are incorporated at reprint do not cause the date to change).
Page 9 The E4991A complies with INSTALLATION CATEGORY II as well as POLLUTION DEGREE 2 in IEC61010-1. The E4991A is an INDOOR USE product. NOTE The LEDs in the E4991A are Class 1 in accordance with IEC60825-1, CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT •...
Page 10: Safety Symbols
Certification Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institution’s calibration facility or by the...
Page 11 During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either repair or replace products that prove to be defective.
Page 12 Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Agilent Technologies products. For any assistance, contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office. Addresses are provided at the back of this manual. Typeface Conventions Sample (bold) Boldface type is used when a term is defined or emphasis.
Page 13 • Operational Manual (Part Number E4991-900x0, attached to Option ABA) This manual describes most of the basic information needed to use the E4991A. It provides a function overview, detailed operation procedure for each function (from preparation for measurement to analysis of measurement results), measurement examples, specifications, and supplemental information.
Page 14 Do not allow any computer virus to infect the system. This machine has no virus check function nor anti-virus software installed. Agilent Technologies will not be held liable for any failure or damage arising from negligence regarding these prohibitions and warnings.
Page 15: Table Of Contents
Relationship of Operation Manual Contents to Using the E4991A .......
Page 16 Contents Procedure ............... . . 43 Selection and Confirmation of Target Trace (Active Trace) .
Page 17 Contents Port Extension Compensation............86 Procedure.
Page 18 Contents Continuous Phase Display Without Returning at ±180° ........122 Procedure .
Page 19 Setting talker/listener GPIB address of E4991A........
Page 20 FTP file transfer using FTP application software ......... . 226 Stop/Abortion of process/Cut off from server by E4991A operation......227 Using Remote User Interface .
Page 21 Contents Measurement Terminal (at Test Head) ..........255 Rear Panel Connectors .
Page 22 Contents Calibration/compensation............. . 340 Temperature compensation.
Page 23 Contents H. Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Major Differences ..............452 Channels and Traces .
Page 24 Contents...
Page 25 How to Use This Operation Manual This chapter explains how to most efficiently use this Operation Manual.
Page 26: How To Use This Operation Manual Relationship Of Operation Manual Contents To Using The E4991A
How to Use This Operation Manual Relationship of Operation Manual Contents to Using the E4991A Relationship of Operation Manual Contents to Using the E4991A The chapters of this Operation Manual cover the usage of this product from when it is delivered until when the user has obtained sufficient understanding of the instrument’s...
Page 27: Function Overview
Function Overview This chapter describes the functions of the Agilent E4991A Impedance/Material Analyzer available to the user from the front panel, rear panel, and LCD display blocks.
Page 28: Names And Functions Of Front Panel Blocks
Function Overview Names and Functions of Front Panel Blocks Names and Functions of Front Panel Blocks The names and functions of the E4991A front panel blocks are shown below. Figure 2-1 E4991A front panel 4. Measurement block 2. 3.5" built-in floppy disk drive 3.
Page 29: Standby Switch
Used to turn on/off the power to the E4991A. NOTE To turn off the power to the E4991A, be sure to press this power supply switch. Alternatively, activate the E4991A shutdown process (i.e., software and hardware process required to turn off the power) by sending a shutdown command from the external controller.
Page 30: Stimulus Block (Stimulus)
Used to show the Marker Fctn (function) toolbar at the right of the display. By working with this toolbar, you can set the E4991A to run an analysis (search) with the marker. 5. Stimulus block (STIMULUS) This contains a set of keys that are used to set the signal source. Pressing one of these keys causes the associated toolbar to be recalled at the right of the display.
Page 31: Entry/Navigation Block (Entry/Navigation)
Function Overview Names and Functions of Front Panel Blocks Used to show the Cal/Compen toolbar at the right of the display. By working with this toolbar, you can set up and execute calibration and compensation. Manual trigger key. If you press this in the manual trigger mode, the trigger is activated, initiating a measurement.
Page 32: System Block (System)
Used to show the Utility toolbar. By working with this toolbar, you can edit and execute VBA programs or set the E4991A to run an equivalent circuit analysis. 9. Test head interface (TEST HEAD INTERFACE) This is the interface used to connect the test head. It contains three ports: RF OUT and PORTs 1 and 2, each of which is an N-type female connector.
Page 33 The test head’s DUT port (Figure 2-2) is classified as IEC61010-1 Installation Category I. Figure 2-2 Test head connected to the E4991A and its DUT port CAUTION You must not apply either alternate or direct current to the DUT port. Doing this could cause operational failure.
Page 34: Names And Functions Of Rear Panel Blocks
Function Overview Names and Functions of Rear Panel Blocks Names and Functions of Rear Panel Blocks The names and functions of the E4991A rear panel blocks are shown below. Figure 2-3 E4991A Rear Panel Chapter 2...
Page 35: Power Cable Receptacle (-Line)
2. LAN port Connector type: RJ-45J UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) LAN connector Using this port, the E4991A can be connected to a Local Area Network (LAN). For how to use the instrument in a LAN, refer to the Programming Manual.
Page 36: External Reference Signal Input Terminal (Ext Ref In, 10 Mhz 0 Dbm)
E4991A LCD display. With the specified printer connected to this port, you can print E4991A measurement graphs, measurement value lists, settings lists, and other data. For the printers that can be used with the E4991A, see ÅgPrinting Measurement Graphs and Internal Data ListsÅh on page xxx.
Page 37: Mini-Din Keyboard Port (Kybd)
E4991A LCD display. NOTE Use of a mouse other than the one specified for use with the E4991A may lead to operation error. Be sure to only use the mouse provided by Agilent Technologies. The mouse has two buttons: left and right, which operate in a different manner. As used in this manual, the term “clicking with the mouse”...
Page 38: Names And Functions Of Lcd Display Areas
2. Menu bar You can make most settings for the E4991A by working with this menu bar in any or all of the following ways: o Using the mouse connected to the E4991A, click a menu name on the menu bar. In the menu that appears, select the desired menu item by clicking with the mouse.
Page 39 While holding down the key on the keyboard connected to the E4991A, type the alphabetic character underlined in the desired menu name to open the menu. In the menu that appears, select the desired menu item by typing the underlined character in the same manner.
Page 40: Marker Values
Function Overview Names and Functions of LCD Display Areas Summary of working with the menu bar Operation Front panel External device Other keys Keyboard Mouse (Rotary knob) (Arrow keys) Open the menu on (Disabled) (Disabled) Click the desired Press Press the menu bar menu name on the open the menu at...
Page 41: Setup Toolbar
4. Setup toolbar This is a vertical toolbar used to make various settings for the E4991A. Recalling the desired setup toolbar You can recall the desired toolbar in any of the following ways: o Press one of the following hardkeys to show the setup toolbar associated with that key: •...
Page 42 Working with the setup toolbar You can work with a displayed toolbar in any of the following ways: o Using the mouse connected to the E4991A, directly click the setting item on the setup toolbar. o Move the cursor to the desired block in the toolbar by using the Up and Down arrow keys ( ) in the entry/navigation block on the front panel.
Page 43 Function Overview Names and Functions of LCD Display Areas Operation Front panel External device Other keys Keyboard Mouse (Rotary knob) (Arrow keys) In the toolbar, Turn (Disabled) Press Directly click the Press move the cursor counterclockwise desired setting area down the blocks in the toolbar In the toolbar, Turn clockwise...
Page 44: Trace 1
Names and Functions of LCD Display Areas 5. Trace 1 This is one of the traces that can be displayed simultaneously on the E4991A. The bar indicating the trace and scale colors of Trace 1 as well as the measurement parameter names and their units (in this example, |Z| [Ω]) are displayed in the upper-left corner of the...
Page 45: 13. Status Bar
Function Overview Names and Functions of LCD Display Areas 13. Status bar This displays the E4991A status information that is critical for the instrument’s operation. Indicator Description dc bias is not being applied. Bias OFF dc bias is being applied.
Page 46 Function Overview Names and Functions of LCD Display Areas Indicator Description An overload occurred in the measurement circuit. One or Ovld more measurement values are invalid. This indicator goes on when the device under test is removed or installed during measurement. Chapter 2...
Page 47: Setting Measurement Conditions
Setting Measurement Conditions This chapter describes the method used to set up the measurement conditions (test signal and sweep) for the Agilent E4991A impedance/material analyzer.
Page 48: Initialization Of E4991A (Presetting)
Initialization of E4991A (presetting) Initialization of E4991A (presetting) The E4991A has an initialization state called the “Preset State.” It is always possible to return the E4991A to its preset state by taking one of the following actions: • Right-click to open the shortcut menu, and click Preset-Execute •...
Page 49: Setting Material Measurement Parameter (Option 002 Only)
Setting Material Measurement Parameter (Option 002 only) Setting Material Measurement Parameter (Option 002 only) When you take a material measurement (permittivity or permeability measurement) with the E4991A and “Option 002 material measurement,” the following setups must first be completed. Procedure Step 1.
Page 50 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Material Measurement Parameter (Option 002 only) Figure 3-1 Material shape parameter for dielectric material Figure 3-2 Material shape parameter for magnetic material Chapter 3...
Page 51: Selection And Confirmation Of Target Trace (Active Trace)
Setting Measurement Conditions Selection and Confirmation of Target Trace (Active Trace) Selection and Confirmation of Target Trace (Active Trace) It is necessary to first select a target trace to set among the multiple traces shown on the display. This target trace is referred to as the “Active Trace.” Selecting Active Trace You can select the active trace by taking any of the following actions: •...
Page 52: Selecting Sweep Parameter
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Parameter Selecting Sweep Parameter The sweep parameter of the source can be selected from among frequency, source power (level), dc bias voltage and current. NOTE Option 001 must be installed to sweep by dc bias voltage or current. Procedure Step 1.
Page 53: Using Time As Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep)
Setting Measurement Conditions Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Using Time as Sweep Parameter (Zero Span Sweep) Measurement using time as the sweep parameter can be executed by setting the sweep parameter to zero. This sweep is called Zero Span sweep. Procedure Step 1.
Page 54: Selecting Sweep Type (Linear/Log/Segment)
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Type (Linear/Log/Segment) Selecting Sweep Type (Linear/Log/Segment) You can select the sweep type by following the procedure below. Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click (or press Sweep Setup Step 2. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click to select the box.
Page 55: Selecting Sweep Direction
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Sweep Direction Selecting Sweep Direction The characteristics of a device under test (DUT) having the hysteresis feature for sweep parameter can be observed from the appropriate sweep direction. You can select the sweep direction by following the procedure below. Procedure Step 1.
Page 56: Measurement Waiting Time/Sweep Time Setting
Setting Measurement Conditions Measurement Waiting Time/Sweep Time Setting Measurement Waiting Time/Sweep Time Setting A time delay can be set for the period after the sweep is triggered but before the actual sweep starts (sweep delay). Furthermore, a time delay can also be set for the period after a signal is applied to a DUT but before actual measurement starts (point delay).
Page 57: Procedure
Setting Measurement Conditions Measurement Waiting Time/Sweep Time Setting Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click the (or press Sweep Setup Step 2. Click the button. Sweep Setup Step 3. Using the numeric entry dialog box by right-clicking inside the box (or using Sweep Time the ENTRY/NAVIGATION block key on the front panel), enter the sweep or delay time.
Page 58: Setting Sweep Range
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range Setting Sweep Range There are two ways to set the sweep area. One is setting according to the start and stop values, and the other is setting according to the center and span values. Figure 3-4 Sweep Area Setting Procedure...
Page 59 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Range • When all character strings in the box are selected (displayed in reverse), place the cursor at the top of the character string by pressing and pressing the up and down buttons or turning the rotary knob to increase and decease the sweep area setting value.
Page 60: Setting Sweep Area With Marker
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Area with Marker Setting Sweep Area with Marker You can assign the position of the active marker on a trace (stimulus value) in the same way as setting sweep start value, sweep stop value, or sweep center value. It is also possible to assign the distance between Marker R and Marker 1 (or 2 - 8), which is the difference between stimulus values, in the same way as setting sweep span value (Figure 3-5).
Page 61 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Area with Marker Figure 3-5 Sweep Area Setting with the Marker Chapter 3...
Page 62: Procedure
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Sweep Area with Marker Procedure Step 1. Place the active marker on the new sweep start, sweep stop, or sweep center. To set a sweep span, place Marker R and Marker 1 (or 2-8) on the trace points corresponding to the new sweep span and set the marker delta mode to delta or fixed delta.
Page 63: Setting Number Of Points (Nop)
Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Number of Points (NOP) Setting Number of Points (NOP) The number of points (NOP) per sweep is set by following the procedure below. Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click (or press Sweep Setup Step 2.
Page 64: Oscillator Level Setting
Setting Measurement Conditions Oscillator Level Setting Oscillator Level Setting Definition of Oscillator Level Setting When oscillator is not the sweep parameter (i.e., it’s a fixed parameter), the oscillator unit can be selected from power (dBm), voltage (V) or current (A) depending on the oscillator level setting.
Page 65: Procedure
Setting Measurement Conditions Oscillator Level Setting  ----- -  [%] (Typical) ±   × –   A: oscillator level accuracy [dB] B: impedance measurement accuracy [%] Procedure Follow the procedure below to specify a fixed oscillator level (AC level) when the sweep parameter is any item other than oscillator level (i.e., frequency or dc bias).
Page 66: Setting And Applying Dc Bias
Procedure CAUTION Whenever you connect a DUT to or disconnect it from the E4991A for measurement, you must first turn off the dc bias or set the sweep to the hold state (in sweep hold state, dc bias is not applied to the DUT). If this step is not taken, the dc bias may destroy the device.
Page 67: Setting The Trigger Source To Start Sweep
Trigger Source Box Trigger Source Trigger Source Internal continuous trigger generated Internal automatically by the E4991A. Manual trigger generated by clicking the Manual Manual button on the Trigger Setup toolbar or Trigger by pressing...
Page 68: Selecting Trigger Target (Trigger Event)
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Trigger Target (Trigger Event) Selecting Trigger Target (Trigger Event) You may select the target for trigger generation (trigger event) from single sweep (sweep trigger), one-point measurement (measurement point trigger), or one-segment measurement (segment trigger). NOTE The trigger event is fixed to and cannot be changed when is selected as On Sweep...
Page 69: Single Sweep, Continuous Sweep And Sweep Stop
Setting Measurement Conditions Single Sweep, Continuous Sweep and Sweep Stop Single Sweep, Continuous Sweep and Sweep Stop You may select the type of sweep execution upon trigger generation from single sweep, continuous sweep, and sweep stop. Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click (or press Trigger Setup Step 2.
Page 70: Selecting Polarity Of External Trigger Input Signal
Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting Polarity of External Trigger Input Signal Selecting Polarity of External Trigger Input Signal You can select the polarity for trigger signal detection by the external trigger input connector on the rear panel by following the procedure below. Procedure Step 1.
Page 71: Cw Frequency Setting
Setting Measurement Conditions CW Frequency Setting CW Frequency Setting When you set the sweep parameter to one other than frequency (source level, dc bias voltage, or dc bias current), set the fixed measurement frequency (CW frequency) by following the procedure below. NOTE When the sweep parameter is set to frequency, it is not possible to set CW frequency.
Page 72: Sweeping A Plural Number Of Sweep Areas Under Different Conditions At One Time (Segment Sweep)
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping a Plural Number of Sweep Areas under Different Conditions at One Time (Segment Sweep) Sweeping a Plural Number of Sweep Areas under Different Conditions at One Time (Segment Sweep) When linear sweep or log sweep is selected as the sweep type in frequency sweep, certain measurement conditions like the point averaging factor and the oscillator level are uniform over the entire single sweep.
Page 73: Procedure
Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping a Plural Number of Sweep Areas under Different Conditions at One Time (Segment Sweep) Procedure Step 1. Preparation of segment table a. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click (or press Sweep Setup b. Click the button.
Page 74 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping a Plural Number of Sweep Areas under Different Conditions at One Time (Segment Sweep) Segment Sweep Setting Button/Box Setting Function button This opens the toolbar showing the buttons More described below. button This returns to the toolbar showing the buttons <<...
Page 75 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping a Plural Number of Sweep Areas under Different Conditions at One Time (Segment Sweep) Figure 3-8 Area to Click and Call Setup Box (Inside the Frame) Step 2. Selecting segment as a sweep type a. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click (or press Sweep Setup b.
Page 76 Setting Measurement Conditions Sweeping a Plural Number of Sweep Areas under Different Conditions at One Time (Segment Sweep) Figure 3-9 Order Base Display and Frequency Base Display Chapter 3...
Page 77: Averaging Measurement Results
Setting Measurement Conditions Averaging Measurement Results Averaging Measurement Results Averaging Plural Sweeps (Sweep-to-Sweep Averaging) Sweep-to-sweep averaging means to average the data (vector quantities) of all points based on the index average of a continuous sweep weighed with an averaging factor designated by the user.
Page 78 Setting Measurement Conditions Averaging Measurement Results NOTE You may set the number of times for sweep-to-sweep averaging in integers from 1 to 999. If you click the button while performing sweep-to-sweep Sweep Average Restart averaging, n in Equation 3-1 will be reset to 1. Chapter 3...
Page 79: Averaging By Each Measurement Point (Point Averaging)
Setting Measurement Conditions Averaging Measurement Results Averaging by Each Measurement Point (Point Averaging) With point averaging, each measurement point is measured the number of times designated by the user, and the average measured vector quantity sets the value for that point. Accordingly, sweep time becomes longer in proportion to an increased number of times set for averaging.
Page 80 Setting Measurement Conditions Averaging Measurement Results Chapter 3...
Page 81: Calibration And Compensation
Calibration and Compensation It is necessary to perform calibration and compensation before using the Agilent E4991A to take measurements.
Page 82: Outline Of Calibration And Compensation Functions
Outline of Calibration and Compensation Functions Any measuring instrument, however sophisticated it may be, has a certain degree of error in actual use. The functions of calibration and compensation of the E4991A minimize possible errors and assure higher measurement accuracy.
Page 83: Calibration Reference Plane And Calibration Standard
E4991A. You may also use the terminal plane as a calibration reference plane for connecting the tested device. However, you need to use a calibration standard (working standard) that has a similar shape to the device under test.
Page 84: Calibration/Compensation Measurement Point Mode
Fixed frequency/user-defined power point mode Obtain calibration/compensation data at fixed frequency points (Table 4-4) covering the entire frequency range of the E4991A and at the same power points used in actual device Chapter 4...
Page 85 Calibration and Compensation Outline of Calibration and Compensation Functions measurement, which are determined by the sweep setups. Frequency interpolation is used to apply calibration or compensation to the device measurement. Table 4-3 Calibration/Compensation Measurement Point Mode Calibration/Compensation Measurement Condition Calibration/Compensation Advantages Disadvantages Number of...
Page 86 Calibration and Compensation Outline of Calibration and Compensation Functions Table 4-4 Fixed Frequency Points for Calibration/Compensation Data Measurement (total 372 points) 1.00 MHz, 1.03 MHz, 1.06 MHz, 1.09 MHz, 1.12 MHz, 1.15 MHz, 1.18 MHz, 1.21 MHz, 1.24 MHz, 1.26 MHz, 1.29 MHz, 1.32 MHz, 1.35 MHz, 1.38 MHz, 1.41 MHz, 1.44 MHz, 1.47 MHz, 1.50 MHz, 1.55 MHz, 1.60 MHz, 1.65 MHz, 1.70 MHz, 1.75 MHz, 1.80 MHz, 1.85 MHz, 1.90 MHz, 1.95 MHz, 2.00 MHz, 2.10 MHz, 2.20 MHz, 2.30 MHz, 2.40 MHz, 2.50 MHz, 2.60 MHz, 2.80 MHz, 3.00 MHz, 3.20 MHz, 3.40 MHz,...
Page 87: Calibration And Compensation Using 7-Mm Test Port As A Calibration Reference Plane
Calibration and Compensation Calibration and Compensation Using 7-mm Test Port as a Calibration Reference Plane Calibration and Compensation Using 7-mm Test Port as a Calibration Reference Plane In order to use the 7-mm test port as a calibration reference plane, the steps given in the procedure below need to be carried out in the order listed.
Page 88 Calibration and Compensation Calibration and Compensation Using 7-mm Test Port as a Calibration Reference Plane Step 5. Open/short compensation Measure the compensation data of open/short according to the test fixture used. For more on this procedure, see “Fixture Compensation” on page 89. Chapter 4...
Page 89: Calibration Using Dut Connecting Terminal As A Calibration Reference Plane
Calibration and Compensation Calibration using DUT Connecting Terminal as a Calibration Reference Plane Calibration using DUT Connecting Terminal as a Calibration Reference Plane To use the DUT connecting terminal as a calibration plane, you only need to execute calibration for open/short/load. Figure 4-3 Calibration using DUT Connecting Terminal as a Calibration Reference Plane Measure the calibration data according to the following procedure:...
Page 90: Calibration Of Open/Short/Load/Low-Loss Capacitor
Connect the open standard (OS) to the terminal used as the calibration reference plane. NOTE When connecting a standard (open, short, load, low-loss capacitor) included in the E4991A calibration kit to the 7-mm terminal, firmly tighten it with the supplied torque wrench. If calibration data is measured when the standard is not adequately secured, this will degrade the repeatability of later measurements.
Page 91 Calibration and Compensation Calibration of Open/Short/Load/Low-loss Capacitor If the 7-mm terminal is used as a calibration plane and low-loss capacitor calibration is required, execute the following procedure: a. Connect the low-loss capacitor to the 7-mm terminal used as the calibration reference plane.
Page 92: Port Extension Compensation
Calibration and Compensation Port Extension Compensation Port Extension Compensation Port extension compensation is done to compensate the phase shift when the port is extended by a cable connected from the calibration reference plane (generally 7-mm terminal of test head). This function regards the transmission line as a distributed parameter circuit without loss.
Page 93: Electrical Length Compensation
The electrical lengths of the test fixtures shown in Table 4-6 have been registered in the E4991A in advance. To use these fixtures, you may set the needed electrical length by simply selecting the model number of the fixture to be used. If you use fixtures that are not registered, however, you must enter the electrical length as a numerical value.
Page 94: Procedure
Calibration and Compensation Electrical Length Compensation Procedure Step 1. Selecting fixture a. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click (or press Cal/Comp b. Click and open the box and then click to select the test fixture to be used. Fixture Type To use a test fixture that is not registered, select User...
Page 95: Fixture Compensation
Calibration and Compensation Fixture Compensation Fixture Compensation Fixture compensation is executed according to the following procedure. NOTE Fixture compensation should always be done after open/short/load calibration, port extension compensation, or electrical length compensation. Measuring Fixture Compensation Data Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click the button (or press Cal/Comp Step 2.
Page 96: Switching Fixture Compensation On/Off
Calibration and Compensation Fixture Compensation NOTE If you want to turn off the compensation data after they are measured and stored, turn off each fixture compensation individually according to “Switching Fixture Compensation On/Off” on page 90. Switching Fixture Compensation On/Off After measurement of fixture compensation data, you may switch On/Off the stored open compensation data and short compensation data.
Page 97: Definition Of Calibration/Compensation Kit
Calibration and Compensation Definition of Calibration/Compensation Kit Definition of Calibration/Compensation Kit Definition of Calibration Kit Figure 4-4 shows a circuit model of the calibration kit supplied with the E4991A. Figure 4-4 Circuit Model of Calibration Kit. NOTE To define the calibration kit for permittivity measurement, refer to “Definition of Calibration Kit in Permittivity Measurement”...
Page 98: Definition Of Calibration Kit In Permittivity Measurement
Imaginary part of permittivity of the load εr Loss calibration standard (preset state: 0) Thickness of the load calibration standard Thickness (preset state: 800 μm) Definition of Compensation Kit Figure 4-5 shows the circuit model of the compensation kit adopted in the E4991A. Chapter 4...
Page 99 Calibration and Compensation Definition of Calibration/Compensation Kit Figure 4-5 Circuit model of compensation kit Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click the button (or press Cal/Comp Step 2. Click the button. Comp Kit Menu Step 3. By using the numeric entry dialog box that appears by right-clicking inside the compensation kit definition box (or using the ENTRY/NAVIGATION block keys on the front panel), enter the definition of the compensation kit: Calibration Kit Definition Box...
Page 100: Restoring Calibration/Compensation Status
Calibration and Compensation Restoring Calibration/Compensation Status Restoring Calibration/Compensation Status The E4991A has a function to restore the previously set calibration/compensation status (including calibration/compensation data) in the event that it becomes invalid due to erroneous entry after calibration/compensation measurement. The restored data arrays include calibration data arrays, calibration coefficient arrays, fixture compensation data arrays, and fixture compensation coefficient arrays (Figure 7-1 on page 168).
Page 101: Display Setting
Display Setting This chapter describes the various ways of displaying the measurement results of the Agilent E4991A RF Impedance/Material Analyzer.
Page 102: Setting The Types And Numbers Of Display Traces
Display Setting Setting the Types and Numbers of Display Traces Setting the Types and Numbers of Display Traces The E4991A is able to simultaneously display a maximum of five traces: three scalar traces and two complex. Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and select...
Page 103 Display Setting Setting the Types and Numbers of Display Traces Figure 5-1 Display of 3 Scalar Traces / 2 Complex Traces ( 3 Sclr, 2 Cmplx NOTE In Figure 5-1, scalar traces are displayed in the split display mode. For details about overlay and split displays, refer to “Overlay Display and Split Display of Graphs”...
Page 104: Maximize A Display Window On The Screen
Display Setting Maximize a Display Window on the Screen Maximize a Display Window on the Screen When multiple windows are displayed on the screen after selecting the number of traces to display, the window that contains the active trace can be maximized on the screen (Figure 5-2).
Page 105: Procedure
Display Setting Maximize a Display Window on the Screen Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window you want to maximize (or press ) to make the window active. The frame of the selected window becomes red. Step 2. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and then select (or press Display Step 3.
Page 106: Selecting Measurement Parameter (Impedance Measurement)
Display Setting Selecting Measurement Parameter (Impedance Measurement) Selecting Measurement Parameter (Impedance Measurement) The measurement parameter is selected with the box in the Meas Parameter Meas/Format toolbar (Table 5-1, Table 5-2). Table 5-1 Box (for scalar traces) Meas Parameter Measurement Parameter Meas Parameter Impedance absolute value θz...
Page 107: Procedure
(Table 5-2, Table 5-1). NOTE When using the E4991A with option 002 (material measurement function), it is possible to select dielectric material or magnetic material measurement parameters in addition to the measurement parameters listed above. See “Setting Measurement Parameter (Material Measurement)”...
Page 108: Setting Measurement Parameter (Material Measurement)
Display Setting Setting Measurement Parameter (Material Measurement) Setting Measurement Parameter (Material Measurement) When using “Option 002 material measurement” with the E4991A for material measurement, select the parameters by following the procedure below. Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window of the trace whose measurement parameter you want to select (or click the measurement parameter name (area e.g.
Page 109 Display Setting Setting Measurement Parameter (Material Measurement) Table 5-6 Box (for Magnetic Material / Complex Trace) Meas Parameter Measurement Parameter Meas Parameter: μr μ Complex permeability ( Chapter 5...
Page 110: Selecting Graph Coordinate Format
Display Setting Selecting Graph Coordinate Format Selecting Graph Coordinate Format The Graph Coordinate Format differs according to the measurement parameter used (see Table 5-7, Figure 5-3, Figure 5-4). Table 5-7 Types of Measurement Parameters and Available Graph Coordinate Formats (√: Available) Measurement Rectangular Rectangular...
Page 111: Procedure
Display Setting Selecting Graph Coordinate Format Figure 5-4 Optional Graph Coordinate Format in the Complex Parameter Measurement Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window of the trace whose coordinate format you want to select (or click the measurement parameter name (area e.g. 2: θz [°] ) in an overlay display) (or press the key on the front panel), thus making the trace active.
Page 112 Display Setting Selecting Graph Coordinate Format Coordination Format Format (for complex parameter measurement) Complex plane (X-axis: Actual number, Y-axis: Complex imaginary number) Polar coordinate Polar Smith chart Smith Admittance chart Admittance *1.Selection is only possible when the measurement parameter is Γ (complex reflection parameter).
Page 113: Autoscale Adjustment
Display Setting Autoscale Adjustment Autoscale Adjustment Autoscale Adjustment for each Trace Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window of the trace whose autoscale adjustment you want to select (or click the measurement parameter name (area e.g. 2: θz [°] ) in an overlay display) (or press key on the front panel), thus making the trace active Step 2.
Page 114: Manual Scale Setting
Display Setting Manual Scale Setting Manual Scale Setting Scale setting differs according to the coordinate format of the target trace (Table 5-8, Figure 5-5). Table 5-8 Method of setting scale for each coordination format Measurement Coordinate format to Method of manually setting scale parameter select Scalar parameter...
Page 115 Display Setting Manual Scale Setting Figure 5-5 Scale setting according to the coordination format Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window of the trace whose scale setting you want to adjust (or click the measurement parameter name (area e.g. 2: θz [°] ) in an overlay display) (or press the key on the front panel), thus making the trace inside the window active.
Page 116 Display Setting Manual Scale Setting Scale Setting Box Entry Value Min. value (lowest value on y-axis scale) Bottom NOTE The display of the reference line and the value of the reference line on the graph can be switched On/Off with the button.
Page 117: Scale Setting On Complex Plane
Display Setting Manual Scale Setting Scale Setting on Complex Plane When the coordinate format is the complex plane, the scale setting shall be made on the basis of the length per scale (Scale), X-axis reference value (Ref X), and Y-axis reference value (Ref Y).
Page 118: Scale Setting In Polar Coordinate Format
Display Setting Manual Scale Setting Scale Setting in Polar Coordinate Format When the coordinate format is polar, set the scale according to the distance (scale) from the origin to the outermost circle. Figure 5-7 Scale Setting in Polar Coordinate Format Procedure Step 1.
Page 119: Zooming A Trace
Display Setting Zooming a Trace Zooming a Trace By using the mouse, a specified area of the trace on the display can be zoomed. Figure 5-8 Zooming a Trace Procedure Step 1. Imagine a rectangular area of the active trace that you would like to zoom and place the cursor at one corner (e.g.
Page 120: Overlay Display And Split Display Of Graphs
Display Setting Overlay Display and Split Display of Graphs Overlay Display and Split Display of Graphs To display more than two scalar traces, you may select either the overlay display or the split display. Figure 5-9 Overlay display (left) and split display (right) of graphs Procedure Step 1.
Page 121: Displaying Measurement Values In List Form
Display Setting Displaying Measurement Values in List Form Displaying Measurement Values in List Form Instead of displaying the trace in graph form, the measured values can be displayed in a numerical list. Figure 5-10 Displaying the measured values in list “Off” (left) and “On” (right) Procedure Step 1.
Page 122: Trace Comparison Using Memory Trace
Display Setting Trace Comparison Using Memory Trace Trace Comparison Using Memory Trace Comparison with a stored reference trace Procedure Step 1. Measure and display the reference trace. Step 2. Click inside the window of the reference trace (or click the measurement parameter name area (e.g.
Page 123: Offset Value Setting By Using The Marker
Display Setting Trace Comparison Using Memory Trace click the measurement parameter name area (e.g. 2: θz [°]) in overlay display) (or press the key) to make the trace active. Step 2. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and select (or press the key).
Page 124: Selecting Sweep Area Display (Start/Stop Or Center/Span)
Display Setting Selecting Sweep Area Display (Start/Stop or Center/Span) Selecting Sweep Area Display (Start/Stop or Center/Span) The sweep area shown at the bottom of the measurement display can be set to display either the sweep’s start value and stop value or the sweep’s center value and span value. Procedure Step 1.
Page 125: Setting Frequency Display Resolution
Display Setting Setting Frequency Display Resolution Setting Frequency Display Resolution Display resolution of the frequency data (sweep range, marker stimulus value, etc.) on the screen can be changed over the range from 1 mHz to 1 MHz. The actual setting value is not changed, but the indicated value is rounded in accordance with the display resolution.
Page 126: Confirm The Setting Status On The Screen
Display Setting Confirm the Setting Status on the Screen Confirm the Setting Status on the Screen A summary of the E4991A setting status can be displayed on the screen Figure 5-10 Figure 5-12 through Figure 5-11 Operation Parameters Display Figure 5-12...
Page 127: Procedure
Display Setting Confirm the Setting Status on the Screen Figure 5-13 Compensation Status Display Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and select (or press the key). Display Step 2. Click the button (or press the key again). More Step 3.
Page 128: Continuous Phase Display Without Returning At ±180
Display Setting Continuous Phase Display Without Returning at ±180° Continuous Phase Display Without Returning at ±180° When the phase measurement value continuously increases or decreases, the trace becomes discontinuous at +180° or −180° of the phase point because at this point the measurement values are replaced by −180°...
Page 129: Selecting Phase Unit
Display Setting Selecting Phase Unit Selecting Phase Unit You can set the phase unit used in setting the scale for phase measurement or in reading data with a marker by following the procedure below. Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window of the trace for which the phase unit is to be set (or click the measurement parameter name area (e.g.
Page 130: Displaying Trace Title On Measurement Display
Display Setting Displaying Trace Title on Measurement Display Displaying Trace Title on Measurement Display It is possible to title each trace and show it on the display. Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window of the trace you want to title (or click the measurement parameter name area (e.g.
Page 131 Display Setting Displaying Trace Title on Measurement Display Figure 5-16 Title Display Chapter 5...
Page 132: Changing Display Colors
Display Setting Changing Display Colors Changing Display Colors The display colors of the characters and graphics on the display can be changed for each item. Procedure Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and select (or press the key). Display Step 2.
Page 133: Analysis Of Measurement Results
Analysis of Measurement Results This chapter explains how the measurement results of the E4991A are analyzed.
Page 134: Reading Value On The Trace By Specifying Stimulus Value
Analysis of Measurement Results Reading Value on the Trace by Specifying Stimulus Value Reading Value on the Trace by Specifying Stimulus Value By using a marker, it is possible to read the measurement data numerically on the display. Figure 6-1 Reading measurement data on the trace by using a marker.
Page 135: Procedure
Analysis of Measurement Results Reading Value on the Trace by Specifying Stimulus Value Procedure Step 1. Display a marker on the trace (turn the marker “On”) a. Click inside the window of the trace to read the measurement value (or click the measurement parameter name area e.g.
Page 136: Displaying The Values Of Plural Points On A Trace In A Value List
Analysis of Measurement Results Displaying the Values of Plural Points on a Trace in a Value List Displaying the Values of Plural Points on a Trace in a Value List It is possible to place plural markers on a trace and display their respective values (stimulus value and measurement value) in a list.
Page 137: Reading Difference From Reference Point On A Graph (Delta Marker)
Analysis of Measurement Results Reading Difference from Reference Point on a Graph (Delta Marker) Reading Difference from Reference Point on a Graph (Delta Marker) Delta Marker Function Figure 6-4 Delta Marker Mode in Scalar Parameter Measurement Chapter 6...
Page 138 Analysis of Measurement Results Reading Difference from Reference Point on a Graph (Delta Marker) Figure 6-5 Delta Marker Mode in Plural Parameter Measurement Chapter 6...
Page 139: Procedure
Analysis of Measurement Results Reading Difference from Reference Point on a Graph (Delta Marker) Procedure Step 1. Delta Mode Selection a. Click inside the window of the trace using the Delta Marker function (or click the measurement parameter name area e.g. 2: θz [°] in the case of overlay display) (or press ) to make the trace active.
Page 140 Analysis of Measurement Results Reading Difference from Reference Point on a Graph (Delta Marker) Figure 6-6 Delta Marker (Fixed Mode) Chapter 6...
Page 141: Reading Only The Actual Measurement Point/Reading The Distance Between Measurement Points Through Interpolation
Analysis of Measurement Results Reading Only the Actual Measurement Point/Reading the Distance between Measurement Points through Interpolation Reading Only the Actual Measurement Point/Reading the Distance between Measurement Points through Interpolation By setting the marker to continuous mode, the marker on the trace can freely move not only to an actual measurement point but also to a position within the distance between measurement points.
Page 142: Move The Marker For Each Trace Independently
Analysis of Measurement Results Move the Marker for Each Trace Independently Move the Marker for Each Trace Independently You can move the marker either for each trace independently or while it’s interlocked with all of the traces. Figure 6-8 Marker Interlocking On/Off Step 1.
Page 143: Selecting Marker Value Display For Plural Parameters
Analysis of Measurement Results Selecting Marker Value Display for Plural Parameters Selecting Marker Value Display for Plural Parameters When using a marker for plural traces, the marker value is displayed in the form of two scalar parameters converted from two plural parameters (main and sub-parameters). This conversion method enables selection from six kinds of marker values (Table 6-1), irrespective of the coordination format set (polar coordination, plural planes, Smith chart, Admittance chart).
Page 144: Procedure
Analysis of Measurement Results Selecting Marker Value Display for Plural Parameters The preset marker value display mode is set for each coordination format according to Table 6-2: Table 6-2 Preset marker value display modes Coordination Format Setting of preset marker value display mode (selected in box) Format...
Page 145: Selecting Marker Analysis Target Trace (Data/Memory)
Analysis of Measurement Results Selecting Marker Analysis Target Trace (Data/Memory) Selecting Marker Analysis Target Trace (Data/Memory) When the memory trace is used according to the procedures of “Trace Comparison Using Memory Trace” on page 116, it is necessary to select the memory trace as the target of analysis by the marker (data trace is the preset setting).
Page 146: Search For Max. And Min. Measurement Value
Analysis of Measurement Results Search for Max. and Min. Measurement Value Search for Max. and Min. Measurement Value By using the functions of max. search and min. search, you can search for the maximum and minimum points of measurement value on the trace and move the marker to these points.
Page 147 Analysis of Measurement Results Search for Max. and Min. Measurement Value NOTE When a partial search area has been specified according to the procedure of “Specify the Partial Search Area” on page 153, the marker moves to the maximum value or the minimum value on the trace within this area.
Page 148: Search For Target Point Of Measurement Value
Analysis of Measurement Results Search for Target Point of Measurement Value Search for Target Point of Measurement Value By using the target search function, you can search for a point that has a specified measurement value on the trace (target) and move the marker to that point. Figure 6-10 Target Search Function Procedure...
Page 149 Analysis of Measurement Results Search for Target Point of Measurement Value When plural target points exist on a trace, the marker moves from its position before the search to the nearest target having the same measurement value (Figure 6-10). Step 3. Searching for other targets on a trace When plural target points exist on the trace, if you click on the or the button,...
Page 150: Peak Search
Analysis of Measurement Results Peak Search Peak Search By using the peak search function, you can search for a peak on a trace and move the marker to this peak. Maximal Point and Minimal Point Maximal points (minimal points) mean those measurement points having a larger (smaller) value than those of both their neighboring left and right measurement points (see Figure 6-11).
Page 151: Positive Peak And Negative Peak
) (Figure 6-12). By ------ - ΔX ΔY predefining ( ) in the E4991A, you can search for positive and negative peaks ------ - ΔX corresponding to desired values while excluding maximal and minimal points that do meet the defined values.
Page 152: Outline Of Peak Search Function
Analysis of Measurement Results Peak Search Outline of Peak Search Function According to the definition of the peak, the E4991A can execute the peak search as shown in Figure 6-13: Figure 6-13 Peak Search Function Procedure Step 1. Define Peak a.
Page 153 Analysis of Measurement Results Peak Search values to define the peak into the boxes. Peak Delta X Peak Delta Y Peak Defining Box Definition of Peak Peal Delta X ΔX (see Figure 6-11) Peak Delta Y ΔY (see Figure 6-11) *1.
Page 154: Define The Peaks Using Marker
Analysis of Measurement Results Peak Search Peak Search Button Function This executes peak search from the position of Left the present active marker to the left (toward smaller stimulus values) and moves the marker to the first detected peak. This executes peak search from the position of Right the present active marker to the right (toward larger stimulus values) and moves the marker to...
Page 155 Analysis of Measurement Results Peak Search NOTE If you do not place the marker on the maximal and minimal points, you may assign the marker value at this time as the definition of peak. Chapter 6...
Page 156 Analysis of Measurement Results Peak Search Figure 6-14 Definition of Peak by Using Marker Chapter 6...
Page 157: Working Out Trace Average, Standard Deviation, And Peak To Peak
Analysis of Measurement Results Working Out Trace Average, Standard Deviation, and Peak to Peak Working Out Trace Average, Standard Deviation, and Peak to Peak Based on the measurement value, you can work out statistical data such as average, standard deviation, and peak to peak. Figure 6-15 Parameters to Calculate Statistical Data Table 6-3...
Page 158 Analysis of Measurement Results Working Out Trace Average, Standard Deviation, and Peak to Peak Step 3. Click the button (or press More Step 4. Click the button to turn on the display of statistical data (Figure 6-16). Statistics Figure 6-16 Display of Statistical Data NOTE When a partial search area has been specified according to the procedure of “Specify the...
Page 159: Specify The Partial Search Area
Analysis of Measurement Results Specify the Partial Search Area Specify the Partial Search Area By specifying a partial search area, you can execute the search function within this area. Figure 6-17 Specify Partial Search Area and Search for Minimum Point Procedure Step 1.
Page 160 Analysis of Measurement Results Specify the Partial Search Area b. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and click (or press Marker Function c. Click the button. Search Def & Range Menu d. Click the button and set the position of the present active Marker to Right Range marker on the upper limit of the partial search area.
Page 161: Execution Of Automatic Search In Each Sweep (Search Tracking)
Analysis of Measurement Results Execution of Automatic Search in Each Sweep (Search Tracking) Execution of Automatic Search in Each Sweep (Search Tracking) By turning on Search Tracking before clicking the execution button, you can repeat the search every time a sweep is finished. Procedure Step 1.
Page 162: Changing Marker Stimulus Value Display To Time/Relaxation Time
Analysis of Measurement Results Changing Marker Stimulus Value Display to Time/Relaxation Time Changing Marker Stimulus Value Display to Time/Relaxation Time You can change the marker stimulus value shown on the display to time/relaxation time. Procedure Step 1. Click inside the window of the trace on which you want to change the marker stimulus value (or the measurement parameter name area, e.g.
Page 163: Calculation Of Equivalent Circuit Parameter And Simulation Of Frequency Characteristics
Calculation of Equivalent Circuit Parameter based on Measurement Results The E4991A is provided with four types of 3-element equivalent circuits and one type of 4-element equivalent circuit. It is possible to calculate the equivalent circuit parameter based on the sample measurement results as well as to display the frequency characteristics on the screen based on the input equivalent circuit parameter.
Page 164: Frequency Characteristics Simulation Based On Equivalent Circuit Parameters
Analysis of Measurement Results Calculation of Equivalent Circuit Parameter and Simulation of Frequency Characteristics *2. Measurement parameter: | Z | - θ, Sweep type: linear (or log), Vertical axis: | Z | is log and θ is linear Procedure Step 1. Executing DUT measurement using frequency as sweep parameter Step 2.
Page 165 Analysis of Measurement Results Calculation of Equivalent Circuit Parameter and Simulation of Frequency Characteristics Set the frequency characteristics to the desired measurement conditions (measurement parameter, sweep conditions). NOTE Be sure to set the sweep parameter to frequency. Step 2. Selecting equivalent circuit a.
Page 166: Setting A Limit To The Trace And Making A Pass/Fail Determination
Analysis of Measurement Results Setting a Limit to the Trace and Making a Pass/Fail Determination Setting a Limit to the Trace and Making a Pass/Fail Determination By using the marker limit test functions, you can set a limit to a trace and make a pass/fail determination on the measured results (Figure 6-18).
Page 167: Procedure
Analysis of Measurement Results Setting a Limit to the Trace and Making a Pass/Fail Determination Procedure Step 1. Setting marker position and its upper limit and lower limit values a. Click inside the window of the trace on which you want to execute the marker limit test (or click the measurement parameter name area, e.g.
Page 168 Analysis of Measurement Results Setting a Limit to the Trace and Making a Pass/Fail Determination Limit Marker Setting Box Setting Upper limit of measurement value Upper Lower limit of measurement value Lower g. Set the limit by repeating Steps 1e and 1f while using the necessary number of markers. Figure 6-20 Clickable Area for Moving Cursor to the Setup Box Step 2.
Page 169 Analysis of Measurement Results Setting a Limit to the Trace and Making a Pass/Fail Determination Figure 6-21 Example of Marker Limit Test (marker list display “ON”) Chapter 6...
Page 170 Analysis of Measurement Results Setting a Limit to the Trace and Making a Pass/Fail Determination Chapter 6...
Page 171: Saving And Recalling Internal Data
Saving and Recalling Internal Data This chapter explains how to save and recall the E4991A’s internal data, which includes setting states, measurement data, and graphic images.
Page 172: Overview Of Save And Recall Functions
Save State Binary Saves E4991A’s setting states, calibration/compensation data, and measurement (.sta) data.This data is later recalled by the E4991A to set the instrument to the same state as when the data was saved. Save Data Binary Saves arrays of E4991A internal data. These arrays are later recalled by the E4991A (.dat)
Page 173 S parameter, into which measurement data was converted √ for a specified circuit model √ Graphics Screen data *1.There are some exceptions. For more details, refer to Appendix G on page 439. Figure 7-1 shows the E4991A’s internal data flow. Chapter 7...
Page 174 Saving and Recalling Internal Data Overview of Save and Recall Functions Figure 7-1 E4991A Internal Data Flow Chapter 7...
Page 175: Saving And Recalling Setting States (Save State)
Step 4. If you want to save the data to a floppy disk, insert the disk into the floppy disk drive. NOTE If you use the E4991A built-in floppy disk drive, use a 1.44 MB floppy disk in the DOS format.
Page 176: To Recall Setting States
Saving and Recalling Internal Data Saving and Recalling Setting States (Save State) Table 7-3 Operations in Save/Recall Dialog Box Operation Procedure Delete a directory or file In the box, click to select a directory or a file Directory/File list (the selected one is shown in reversed text) and then click the button.
Page 177 Saving and Recalling Internal Data Saving and Recalling Setting States (Save State) Step 4. The current directory, including the drive name, is displayed in the top box. As shown in Table 7-3 on page 169, navigate to the directory where the file containing the states you want to recall resides.
Page 178: Saving And Recalling Measurement Data In Binary Format
Step 6. If you want to save the data to a floppy disk, insert the disk into the floppy disk drive. NOTE If you use the E4991A built-in floppy disk drive, use a 1.44 MB floppy disk in the DOS format.
Page 179: To Recall Measurement Data
Cancel To recall measurement data: Perform the following procedure to recall measurement data saved to the E4991A in binary format. Step 1. Right-click to open the shortcut menu and select . Alternatively, you can just...
Page 180 Saving and Recalling Measurement Data in Binary Format instead of NOTE It is impossible to recall the data when the number of points of the saved data is different from the number of points in the E4991A’s set-up; in this case, an error occurs. Chapter 7...
Page 181: Saving Measurement Data To Read In Spreadsheet Software (Saving In Ascii Format)
Saving and Recalling Internal Data Saving Measurement Data to Read in Spreadsheet Software (Saving in ASCII Format) Saving Measurement Data to Read in Spreadsheet Software (Saving in ASCII Format) Measurement data that has been saved in ASCII format can be imported into software on a PC such as Microsoft Notepad™...
Page 182: To Save Measurement Data In Ascii Format
Step 6. If you want to save the data to a floppy disk, insert the disk into the floppy disk drive. NOTE If you use the E4991A built-in floppy disk drive, use a 1.44 MB floppy disk in the DOS format.
Page 183: To Import Measurement Data Saved In Ascii Format Into Microsoft Excel
Open text file (*.prn, *.csv, *txt) File Type dialog box. Step 4. Select the ASCII file (with the extension .txt) containing the E4991A measurement data, and click the button. Open Step 5. In the dialog box that appears, click the...
Page 184 Saving and Recalling Internal Data Saving Measurement Data to Read in Spreadsheet Software (Saving in ASCII Format) Figure 7-7 Example of ASCII Measurement Data File Imported into Excel™ Figure 7-8 Example of Data Trace Graph Generated by Excel™ chart function (scatter diagram) Chapter 7...
Page 185: Saving Measurement Data In Citifile Format
(ADS), among others, for simulation. How to Create a CITIfile on the E4991A When a CITIfile is created on the E4991A, impedance measurement data (see C of Figure 7-1) is converted into S parameters for a specified device model. Figure 7-9 shows device models and conversion expressions.
Page 186: Citifile Structure
Saving and Recalling Internal Data Saving Measurement Data in CITIfile Format CITIfile Structure Figure 7-10 shows an example of a CITIfile actually created and saved by the E4991A. Figure 7-10 Example of CITIfile Saved by E4991A ↓ in Figure 7-10 indicates a return code.
Page 187: To Create A Citifile
Saving and Recalling Internal Data Saving Measurement Data in CITIfile Format Following the keyword SEG are start frequency (1 MHz in this case), stop frequency (3GHz in this case) and the number of measurement points (5 points in this case). 6.
Page 188 Step 6. If you want to save the data to a floppy disk, insert the disk into the floppy disk drive. NOTE If you use the E4991A built-in floppy disk drive, use a 1.44 MB floppy disk in the DOS format.
Page 189: Saving Display Information (Save Graphics)
Step 5. If you want to save the data to a floppy disk, insert the disk into the floppy disk drive. NOTE If you use the E4991A built-in floppy disk drive, use a 1.44 MB floppy disk in the DOS format.
Page 190: Recalling Saved Image File
Saving and Recalling Internal Data Saving Display Information (Save Graphics) NOTE When you type the file name, you do not have to type a file extension. The extension “.bmp” or “.jpg” is automatically appended, depending on the format selected in Step 4. If you want to overwrite a previously saved file, click to select the desired file in the Directory/File list box (the selected one is shown in reversed text).
Page 191: Printing Measurement Results And Internal Data
Printing Measurement Results and Internal Data This chapter explains how to print a measurement graph or an internal data list shown on the instrument’s display with a printer attached to the E4991A.
Page 192: Printing Measurement Graphs And Internal Data Lists
(operating parameter) lists (Figure 8-2), attach your printer to the printer parallel port (“3. Printer parallel port (PRINTER, Parallel)” on page 29), or the rear USB port (“11. Rear USB port” on page 30) on the rear panel of the E4991A. Figure 8-1...
Page 193: Supported Printers
DeskJet 970C Series (970Cse, 970Cxi) *1. The drivers for all supported printers at the time of shipment are installed in the E4991A. NOTE If you want to use a printer that Agilent has announced support for other than those listed in Table 8-1, you must first install the appropriate printer driver software on the E4991A.
Page 194 NOTE Do not attach a printer until you have installed the corresponding driver on the E4991A. b. Turn on your printer’s power. Step 2. To print a measurement graph, click inside the window of the desired trace (or press to make its window active.
Page 195 Printing Measurement Results and Internal Data Printing Measurement Graphs and Internal Data Lists Selection in drop-down list Printer Name HP DeskJet 895C Series (Attached to printer parallel port) HP DeskJet 970C Series (Attached to printer parallel port) NOTE If you use a printer driver installed in accordance with “Installing Printer Drivers” on page 191, click the drop-down menu to select your printer’s name.
Page 196 To close the dialog box without printing, click the button instead of Cancel The Printer Folder dialog box (Figure 8-6) may pop up after turning on the E4991A if the instrument has print data. On the external keyboard, press and hold down and then...
Page 197: Installing Printer Drivers
3.5 inch floppy disks. When you install it over LAN, transfer the driver file into the hard disk drive of the E4991A using the FTP function or move it to a hard disk drive connected to the E4991A via LAN.
Page 198 Step 3. Turn on the printer’s power and attach it to the E4991A. Step 4. Install the printer driver. Install the printer driver in the E4991A just as you would do in a computer running Windows 2000™. For details, see the installation procedure included with the printer driver.
Page 199: Setup And Use Of Control/Management Functions
Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions This chapter describes the setup and use of the E4991A Control/Management functions that are not directly related to measuring and analyzing DUTs.
Page 200: Setting The Gpib
Step 1. Open the shortcut menu by right-clicking and select System (Or press [System] ). Step 2. Click the GPIB Setup Menu button Step 3. Open the E4991A Address box by clicking it, and then select a new address by clicking one.
Page 201 (2 in Figure 9-3). Edit NOTE In the IO Config dialog box, do not click buttons other than specified here or do not change other settings because doing so may cause serious damage to the functions of the E4991A. Chapter 9...
Page 202 Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions Setting the GPIB Figure 9-3 IO Config dialog box Step 5. The USB to GPIB Configuration dialog box (Figure 9-2) appears. Check/change the setting of the USB/GPIB interface and then click the button (2 in Figure 9-2). Step 6.
Page 203: Setting The Internal Clock
Setting the Internal Clock Setting the Internal Clock The E4991A has a built-in clock for the date and time. This internal clock is used for recording the date and time of when internal data or a VBA program is saved as a file.
Page 204 Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions Setting the Internal Clock Figure 9-6 Control Panel window b. After double-clicking the icon, the Date/Time Properties dialog box (Figure Date/Time 9-7) will open. Figure 9-7 Date/Time Properties dialog box c. Set the date and time in the areas, respectively.
Page 205 E4991A will shut down. Figure 9-10 Shut down dialog box c. When the power of the E4991A is off, press the Standby switch once to activate the switch and then press it again to turn on the power. Chapter 9...
Page 206: Setting The Mouse
Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions Setting the Mouse Setting the Mouse The user can change the setup for the mouse connected to the E4991A and the movement of the pointer. Setup Step NOTE Be sure to use a mouse and a keyboard for mouse setup operations.
Page 207 Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions Setting the Mouse Step 4. The Mouse Properties dialog box (Figure 9-12) is displayed. Define the setup for a right-handed/left-handed person in the area. Buttons configuration Define also the setup for double-click speed in the area.
Page 208 Click the Shut down option button and then click the OK button (Figure 9-8). The E4991A will shut down. c. When the power of the E4991A is off, press the Standby switch once to activate the switch and then press it again to turn on the power.
Page 209: Confirmation Of Options And Firmware Version
Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions Confirmation of Options and Firmware Version Confirmation of Options and Firmware Version The options and the version of firmware installed in the E4991A can be confirmed by following the procedure below. Operation Procedure Step 1. Open the shortcut menu by right-clicking and select...
Page 210: System Recovery
Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions System Recovery System Recovery By executing system recovery, you can return the system of the E4991A (the Windows operating system and the firmware) to the factory state (at the time of purchase Types of system recoveries The following two types of system recoveries are available.
Page 211: Procedure To Execute System Recovery
Step 1. Shut down the E4991A. Step 2. Connect the keyboard to the E4991A. Step 3. Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E4991A. Step 4. Press the standby switch of the E4991A to turn it on.
Page 212 Step 7. The message as shown below appears. Press of the keyboard. If you want to cancel the factory recovery, press here. Agilent Technologies System Utilities Recovery & Backup Options Choose One of the following: _________________________________________________________________ 1. Recover Factory Backup Image 2.
Page 213 CAUTION Never turn off the power during the factory recovery because doing so may cause serious damage to the E4991A. Step 10. The factory recovery will be complete in about 5 minutes. When the factory recovery is complete, the message as shown below appears. Press...
Page 214: Procedure To Create The User Backup Image
Step 1. Shut down the E4991A. Step 2. Connect the keyboard to the E4991A. Step 3. Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E4991A. Step 4. Press the standby switch of the E4991A to turn it on.
Page 215 Step 7. The message as shown below appears. Press of the keyboard. If you want to cancel the create user backup image, press here. Agilent Technologies System Utilities Recovery & Backup Options Choose One of the following: _________________________________________________________________ 1. Recover Factory Backup Image 2.
Page 216 CAUTION Never turn off the power during the create user backup image because doing so may cause serious damage to the E4991A. Step 10. The create user backup image will be complete in about 5 minutes. When the create user backup image is complete, the message as shown below appears.
Page 217: Procedure To Execute The User Recovery Function
Step 1. Shut down the E4991A. Step 2. Connect the keyboard to the E4991A. Step 3. Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E4991A. Step 4. Press the standby switch of the E4991A to turn it on.
Page 218 Step 7. The message as shown below appears. Press of the keyboard. If you want to cancel the user recovery, press here. Agilent Technologies System Utilities Recovery & Backup Options Choose One of the following: _________________________________________________________________ 1. Recover Factory Backup Image 2.
Page 219 CAUTION Never turn off the power during the system recovery because doing so may cause serious damage to the E4991A. Step 10. The user recovery will be complete in about 5 minutes. When the user recovery is complete, the message as shown below appears. Press...
Page 220 Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions System Recovery Chapter 9...
Page 221: Using Lan
Using LAN This chapter explains how to transfer files and perform remote operations from an external computer by connecting the E4991A to a Local Area Network (LAN).
Page 222: Configuring The Network
Figure 10-1 Enter Password to exit dialog box b. Enter the password: e4991a into the Password box by using the character input dialog box that appears by clicking the Keyboard... button or by using the external keyboard. c. Exit from the E4991A system by clicking the OK button.
Page 223 Using LAN Configuring the Network Figure 10-2 Seleect Network and Dial-up Connections Figure 10-3 Network and Dial-up Connections window Chapter 10...
Page 224: Setting Ip Address
The Enter Password to exit dialog box appears. System -Exit b. Enter the password: e4991a into the Password box by using the character input dialog box that appears by clicking the Keyboard... button or by using the external keyboard.
Page 225 Using LAN Configuring the Network Step 4. The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box (Figure 10-5) appears. Select (highlight) (1 in Figure 10-5) and then click the button (2 in Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties Figure 10-5). Figure 10-5 Local Area Connection Properties dialog box Step 5.
Page 226: Specifying Computer Name
System -Exit 10-1) appears. b. Enter the password: e4991a into the Password box by using the character input dialog box that appears by clicking the Keyboard... button or by using the external keyboard. c. Click the OK button to exit the E4991A system.
Page 227 Using LAN Configuring the Network Figure 10-8 System Properties dialog box Step 5. The Identification Changes dialog box (Figure 10-9) appears. Enter the computer name in box (1 in Figure 10-9). Computer Name Figure 10-9 Identification Changes dialog box Step 6. The Network Identification dialog box (Figure 10-10) appears. Click the button.
Page 228 (2 in Figure 10-8). Step 9. The System Settings Change dialog box (Figure 10-11) appears. Click the button to restart the E4991A. Figure 10-11 System Settings Change dialog box NOTE Until the E4991A is restarted, changed setting does not take effect. Chapter 10...
Page 229: File Transfer Using Ftp
File transfer using FTP NOTE No more than one FTP connection can be made to a single E4991A unit at the same time. Refer to “Configuring the Network” on page 216 for connecting the E4991A to a LAN. Refer to your computer’s user manuals for how to connect the computer to the LAN.
Page 230 (for example C:\transfer). c. Type: ftp <IP address> (<IP address> is the IP address of the connected E4991A) or if the host name is specified, type: ftp <hostname> (<hostname> is the hostname of the connected E4991A, for example e4991a_01) after the MS-DOS™...
Page 231 (Figure 10-16). Figure 10-16 Setting in binary transfer mode b. Type after the prompt and press . The file sample.dat on the get sample.dat ftp> E4991A is transferred to the working directory of the external computer (a copy is Chapter 10...
Page 232: Ftp File Transfer Using Ftp Application Software
Step 1. Start up the FTP application software (Figure 10-18). Figure 10-18 FTP application software (Example) Step 2. Input the IP address of the connected E4991A in the box provided for entering the server name ( box in Figure 10-18).
Page 233: Stop/Abortion Of Process/Cut Off From Server By E4991A Operation
Refer to your FTP application software’s manual for further instructions. Stop/Abortion of process/Cut off from server by E4991A operation Abortion of transfer and disconnection from the server can be accomplished by E4991A operations. Step 1. Open the shortcut menu by right-clicking and select...
Page 234: Using Remote User Interface
The E4991A LCD display’s indication and various operations are controlled by the User Interface Software already installed in the E4991A. Remote operation of the E4991A from an external PC through a LAN can be achieved by installing this E4991A User Interface Software in the external PC (Figure 10-20).
Page 235 (E4991A main body for local mode, PC for remote mode) are accessible. For example, the E4991A’s internal hard disk (drive D) cannot be accessed from the remote user interface unless the E4991A’s internal hard disk is connected to the external PC as a network drive.
Page 236: Installation Of E4991A User Interface Software
After installation, regularly back up your files. • When you program with the E4991A VBA software installed on the external PC, save the program periodically while programming. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for any damages during installation and operation of the E4991A user interface software and the E4991A VBA software.
Page 237 Before using the E4991A VBA software, you must carefully read and accept the License Agreement attached to the product. When using the E4991A user interface from an external PC, the version number of the connected E4991A main body measurement server program (program to control measurement) and that of the E4991A user interface on the external PC must be identical.
Page 238: Procedure To Uninstall E4991A User Interface
Using Remote User Interface Step 2. Install E4991A VBA software on the external PC To use the VBA function of the E4991A user interface from an external PC, install the E4991A VBA software by following the procedure below after completing Step 1 on page 231.
Page 239: Starting Up The E4991A User Interface And Connecting To The E4991A Measurement Server
Execute the file named on the CD-ROM. e4991a_vba.msi b. Follow the same procedure shown in Step 1 above to complete uninstall of the E4991A VBA software. Starting up the E4991A user interface and connecting to the E4991A measurement server...
Page 240 E4991A. Figure 10-25 Connect E4991A Measurement Server dialog box Step 2. Input the IP address or host name of the connecting E4991A measurement server in the box. Host Name Step 3. Input the timeout interval of connecting to a E4991A measurement server in the Timeout box.
Page 241: Disconnection Of E4991A Measurement Server
Version Mismatch dialog box Disconnection of E4991A measurement server Follow the procedures below to disconnect the E4991A measurement server. Step 1. Right-click on the E4991A user interface screen to open the shortcut menu and select System Step 2. Click the button.
Page 242: Closing The E4991A User Interface
This provides simplified operation compared with loading other application software after saving the information in a separate file. Operation Procedure Step 1. Right-click in the E4991A user interface to open the shortcut menu and select Display Step 2. Click the button.
Page 243: Specifications And Supplemental Information
Specifications and Supplemental Information This chapter provides specifications and supplemental information for the Agilent E4991A RF Impedance/Material Analyzer.
Page 244: Definitions
Specifications and Supplemental Information Definitions Definitions All specifications apply over a 5°C to 40°C range (unless otherwise stated) and 30 minutes after the instrument has been turned on. Specification (spec.): Warranted performance. Specifications include guardbands to account for the expected statistical performance distribution, measurement uncertainties, and changes in performance due to environmental conditions.
Page 245: Source Characteristics
Specifications and Supplemental Information Source Characteristics Source Characteristics Frequency Range 1 MHz to 3 GHz Resolution 1 mHz Accuracy ±10 ppm (23 ±5°C) without Option 1D5 ±20 ppm (5°C to 40°C) ±1 ppm (5°C to 40°C) with Option 1D5 Stability ±0.5 ppm/year (5°C to 40°C) (Typical) with Option 1D5 Oscillator Level...
Page 246: Output Impedance
Specifications and Supplemental Information Source Characteristics Output Impedance 50 Ω (nominal) Output impedance Chapter 11...
Page 247: Dc Bias (Option 001)
Specifications and Supplemental Information DC Bias (Option 001) DC Bias (Option 001) DC Voltage Bias DC voltage bias 0 to ±40 V Range Resolution 1 mV ± {0.1% + 6 mV + (Idc[mA] × 20 Ω)[mV]} (23 ±5°C) Accuracy ± {0.2% + 12 mV + (Idc[mA] × 40 Ω)[mV]} (5°C to 40°C) DC Current Bias DC current bias Range...
Page 248: Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010)
Specifications and Supplemental Information Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010) Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010) Oscillator Level Power Accuracy Frequency ≤ 1 GHz ±5.5 dB (5°C to 40°C) ±7.6 dB (5°C to 40°C) Frequency > 1 GHz Chapter 11...
Page 249: Sweep Characteristics
Specifications and Supplemental Information Sweep Characteristics Sweep Characteristics Sweep Conditions Sweep parameters Frequency, Oscillator level (power, voltage, current), DC bias voltage, DC bias current Sweep range setup Start/Stop or Center/Span Sweep types Frequency sweep Linear, Log, Segment Other parameters’ sweep Linear Sweep mode Continuous, Single...
Page 250: Measurement Accuracy
Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy Measurement Accuracy NOTE The following information is also applicable to the measurement accuracy of E4991A Option 010. Conditions for Defining Accuracy 23 ±5°C Temperature Calibration plane 7-mm connector of test head Measurement frequency points Same as calibration points.
Page 251: Accuracy When Open/Short/Load/Low-Loss Capacitor Calibration Is Performed (Point Averaging Factor ≥ 8, Typical)
Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy Accuracy When Open/Short/Load/Low-Loss Capacitor Calibration is Performed (point averaging factor ≥ 8, typical) ± |Z|, |Y| θ ± -------- - [rad] L, C, X, B ± R, G ±   -------- -  ...
Page 252 Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy at Oscillator level < −33 dBm ±1 [%] (1MHz ≤ Frequency ≤ 100 MHz) ±1.2 [%] (100 MHz < Frequency ≤ 500 MHz) ±1.2 [%] (500 MHz < Frequency ≤ 1 GHz) ±2.5 [%] (1 GHz < Frequency ≤ 1.8 GHz) ±5 [%] (1.8 GHz <...
Page 253: Calculated Impedance Measurement Accuracy
Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy Calculated Impedance Measurement Accuracy Figure 11-1 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy When Open/Short/Load Calibration is Performed Oscillator level = −23 dBm, −13 dBm, −3 dBm Point averaging factor ≥ 8 within ± 5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 254 Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy Figure 11-2 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy When Open/Short/Load Calibration is Performed Oscillator level ≥ −33 dBm Point averaging factor ≥ 8 within ±5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 255 Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy Figure 11-3 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy When Open/Short/Load Calibration is Performed Oscillator level ≥ −33 dBm Point averaging factor ≤ 7 within ±5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 256 Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy Figure 11-4 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy When Open/Short/Load Calibration is Performed Oscillator level < −33 dBm within ±5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 257 Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Accuracy Figure 11-5 Q Measurement Accuracy When Open/Short/Load/Low-Loss Capacitor Calibration is Performed (typical) Chapter 11...
Page 258: Measurement Support Functions
Select the model number of the registered test fixtures in the E4991A's setup toolbar or enter the electrical length for a user's test fixture. Open/Short Compensation...
Page 259: Trigger
Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Support Functions Trigger Trigger mode Internal, External (external trigger input connector), Bus (GPIB), Manual (front key) Averaging Types Sweep-to-sweep averaging, Point averaging Setting range Sweep-to-sweep averaging 1 to 999 (integer) Point averaging 1 to 100 (integer) Display LCD display Type/Size...
Page 260: Marker
Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Support Functions Marker Number of markers Marker Eight for each trace (Marker 1 - Marker 8) Reference marker One for each trace (Marker R) Marker search Search type Maximum, Minimum, Target, Peak Search track Performs search with each sweep Other functions Marker continuous mode, Marker coupled mode, Marker list, Marker statistics...
Page 261: Interface
Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Support Functions Interface GPIB Standard conformity IEEE 488.1-1987, IEEE 488.2-1987 Available functions SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL0, PP0, DT1, DC1, C0, E2 (function code) Numerical data transfer format ASCII Protocol IEEE 488.2-1987 *1.
Page 262 Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Support Functions Internal reference signal output connector Frequency 10 MHz (nominal) Accuracy of frequency Same as frequency accuracy described in “Frequency” on page 239 Level +2 dBm (nominal) 50 Ω (nominal) Output impedance Connector type BNC, female High stability frequency reference output connector (option 1D5) Frequency...
Page 263: General Characteristics
Specifications and Supplemental Information General Characteristics General Characteristics Environment Conditions Operating condition Temperature 5°C to 40°C Humidity (at wet bulb temperature ≤ 29°C, without condensation) Flexible disk drive 15% to 90% RH non-operating condition Flexible disk drive 20% to 80% RH operating condition Altitude 0 to 2,000 m (0 to 6,561 feet)
Page 264: Other Specifications
Specifications and Supplemental Information General Characteristics Other Specifications European Council Directive 89/336/EEC IEC 61326-1:1997+A1 CISPR 11:1990 / EN 55011:1991 Group 1, Class A IEC 61000-4-2:1995 / EN 61000-4-2:1995 4 kV CD / 4 kV AD IEC 61000-4-3:1995 / EN 61000-4-3:1996 3 V/m, 80-1000 MHz, 80% AM IEC 61000-4-4:1995 / EN 61000-4-4:1995 1 kV power / 0.5 kV Signal...
Page 265 Specifications and Supplemental Information General Characteristics Environmemt This product complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking requirements. The affixed label indicates that you must not discard this electrical/ electronic product in domestic household waste. Product Category : With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE Directive Annex I, this product is classed as a “Monitoring and Control instrumentation”...
Page 266 Specifications and Supplemental Information General Characteristics Figure 11-8 Main Unit Dimensions (rear view, in millimeters, nominal) Figure 11-9 Main Unit Dimensions (side view, in millimeters, nominal) Chapter 11...
Page 267 Specifications and Supplemental Information General Characteristics Figure 11-10 Direct Connection Type Test Head Dimensions (in millimeters, nominal) Chapter 11...
Page 268 Specifications and Supplemental Information General Characteristics Figure 11-11 Option 010 Test Head Dimensions (in millimeters, nominal) Figure 11-12 Option 007 Test Head Dimensions (in millimeters, nominal) Chapter 11...
Page 269: Option 002 Material Measurement (Typical)
Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Measurement Parameter Permittivity parameters ε ε′ ε″ δ Permeability parameters μ μ′ μ″ δ Frequency Range Use with Agilent 16453A 1 MHz to 1 GHz (typical) Use with Agilent 16454A 1 MHz to 1 GHz (typical) Measurement Accuracy...
Page 270 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Typical accuracy of permittivity parameters ε′ ε ′ accuracy  t  ± ------ - --------- - 0.25 --------- - ------------------------------------   ε′   Δε′ – --------------- -  ...
Page 271 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Typical accuracy of permeability parameters μ ′ accuracy 0.02   × --------- - -------------- - Fμ′ -------------- -   Fμ′ Fμ′ Δμ′   -------------- -   μ′ δ...
Page 272: Examples Of Calculated Permittivity Measurement Accuracy
Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Examples of Calculated Permittivity Measurement Accuracy Δε′ Figure 11-13 Permittivity Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 0.3 mm, typical) --------- - ε′ Δε′ Figure 11-14 Permittivity Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 1 mm, typical) --------- - ε′...
Page 273 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Δε′ Figure 11-15 Permittivity Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 3 mm, typical) --------- - ε′ Figure 11-16 Dielectric Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at t = 0.3 mm, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification.
Page 274 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Figure 11-17 Dielectric Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at t = 1 mm, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification. The typical accuracy of tanδ is defined as E ;...
Page 275 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) parameters” on page 264. Figure 11-19 Permittivity ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 0.3 mm, typical) ε′ Figure 11-20 Permittivity ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 1 mm, typical) ε′...
Page 276 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Figure 11-21 Permittivity ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 3 mm, typical) ε′ Chapter 11...
Page 277: Examples Of Calculated Permeability Measurement Accuracy
Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Examples of Calculated Permeability Measurement Accuracy Δμ′ Figure 11-22 Permeability Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 0.5, typical) ---------- - μ′ Δμ′ Figure 11-23 Permeability Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 3, typical) ---------- - μ′...
Page 278 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Δμ′ Figure 11-24 Permeability Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 10, typical) ---------- - μ′ Figure 11-25 Permeability Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at F = 0.5, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification.
Page 279 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Figure 11-26 Permeability Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at F = 3, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification. The typical accuracy of tanδ is defined as E ;...
Page 280 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification. The typical accuracy of tanδ is defined as E ; refer to “Typical accuracy of permeability parameters” on page 265. Figure 11-28 Permeability ( ) vs.
Page 281 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 002 Material Measurement (typical) Figure 11-30 Permeability ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 10, typical) μ′ Chapter 11...
Page 282: Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit
Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit This section contains specifications and supplemental information for the E4991A Option 007. Except for the contents in this section, the E4991A standard specifications and supplemental information are applied. Operation Temperature Range -55°C to +150°C (at the test port of the heat-resistant cable)
Page 283 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Impedance, Admittance and Phase Angle Accuracy |Z|, |Y| ± (see Figure 11-31 through Figure 11-34 for calculated accuracy) θ ± ---------------------- - [rad] Where, Ea = At Oscillator level ≥ −33 dBm ±...
Page 284 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Calculated Impedance/Admittance Measurement Accuracy Figure 11-31 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy Caliration: Open/Short/Load Oscillator level = −23 dBm, −13 dBm, −3 dBm Point averaging factor ≥ 8 Within ± 5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 285 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Figure 11-32 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy Calibration: Open/Short/Load Oscillator level ≥ −33 dBm Point averaging factor ≥ 8 Within ± 5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 286 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Figure 11-33 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy Calibration: Open/Short/Load Oscillator level ≥ −33 dBm Point averaging factor ≤ 7 Within ± 5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 287 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Figure 11-34 |Z|, |Y| Measurement Accuracy Calibration: Open/Short/Load Oscillator level < −33 dBm Point averaging factor ≥ 8 Within ± 5°C of calibration temperature Chapter 11...
Page 288: Typical Effects Of Temperature Change On Measurement Accuracy
Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Typical Effects of Temperature Change on Measurement Accuracy When the temperature at the test port (7-mm connector) of the heat-resistant cable changes from the calibration temperature, typical measurement accuracy involving temperature dependence effects (errors) is applied.
Page 289 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Typical measurement accuracy (involving temperature dependence effects) |Z|, |Y| ± θ ± ----------------------------------------------- - [rad] Where, ′ ΔT × ′ ΔT ×   ± ′ × ΔT × × ---------------------------------- - ...
Page 290 Specifications and Supplemental Information Option 007 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit Figure 11-35 Typical frequency characteristics of temperature coefficient, , when ) ΔT |Zx|=10 Ω and 250 Ω, are assumed. NOTE Read the value of Δ |Z|%/°C at the material measurement frequency and multiply it by ΔT to derive the value of when...
Page 291: Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 And 007
Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Material measurement accuracy contains the permittivity and permeability measurement accuracy when the E4991A with Option 002 Material Measurement and 007 Temperature Measurement Test Kit is used with the 16453A or 16454A test fixture. Measurement Parameter Permittivity parameters ε...
Page 292 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Typical permittivity measurement accuracy ε′ accuracy ε′   ± × × Δε′ ------ - --------- - 0.25 --------- - ----------------------------------- -     ε′...
Page 293 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Typical permeability measurement accuracy μ′ accuracy 0.02   × F μ × ′ × × --------- - -------------------- - -------------------- -   F μ ×...
Page 294 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Examples of Calculated Permittivity Measurement Accuracy Δε′ Figure 11-36 Permittivity Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 0.3 mm, typical) --------- - ε′ Δε′ Figure 11-37 Permittivity Accuracy ( ) vs.
Page 295 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Δε′ Figure 11-38 Permittivity Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 3 mm, typical) --------- - ε′ Figure 11-39 Dielectric Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at t = 0.3 mm, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of Ea for simplification.
Page 296 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-40 Dielectric Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at t = 1 mm, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification. The typical accuracy of tanδ...
Page 297 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification. The typical accuracy of tanδ is defined as E ; refer to “Typical permittivity measurement accuracy”...
Page 298 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-44 Permittivity ( ) vs. Frequency (at t = 3 mm, typical) ε′ Chapter 11...
Page 299 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Examples of Calculated Permeability Measurement Accuracy Δμ′ Figure 11-45 Permeability Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 0.5, typical) ---------- - μ′ Δμ′ Figure 11-46 Permeability Accuracy ( ) vs.
Page 300 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Δμ′ Figure 11-47 Permeability Accuracy ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 10, typical) ---------- - μ′ Figure 11-48 Permeability Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at F = 0.5, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification.
Page 301 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-49 Permeability Loss Tangent (tanδ) Accuracy vs. Frequency (at F = 3, typical) NOTE This graph shows only frequency dependence of E for simplification. The typical accuracy of tanδ...
Page 302 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 parameters” on page 265. Figure 11-51 Permeability ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 0.5, typical) μ′ Figure 11-52 Permeability ( μ′ ) vs. Frequency (at F = 3, typical) Chapter 11...
Page 303 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-53 Permeability ( ) vs. Frequency (at F = 10, typical) μ′ Chapter 11...
Page 304: Typical Effects Of Temperature Change On Permittivity Measurement Accuracy
Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Typical Effects of Temperature Change on Permittivity Measurement Accuracy When the temperature at the test port (7-mm connector) of the heat-resistant cable changes more than 5°C from the calibration temperature, the typical permittivity measurement accuracy involving temperature dependence effects (errors) is applied.
Page 305 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 with temperature compensation 6 – × × × 1 10 1 MHz ≤ f < 500 MHz     ε′ 6 – × × ×...
Page 306 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-54 Typical Frequency Characteristics of Temperature Coefficient of ε′ (Thickness = 0.3 mm) Figure 11-55 Typical Frequency Characteristics of Temperature Coefficient of ε′ (Thickness = 1 mm) Chapter 11...
Page 307 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-56 Typical Frequency Characteristics of Temperature Coefficient of ε′ (Thickness = 3 mm) Chapter 11...
Page 308 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Typical Effects of Temperature Change on Permeability Measurement Accuracy When the temperature at the test port (7-mm connector) of the heat-resistant cable changes more than 5°C from the calibration temperature, the typical permeability measurement accuracy involving temperature dependence effects (errors) is applied.
Page 309 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 1 MHz ≤ f < 500 MHz × μ′ – × 6 – × × × × 2 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - × × μ′ × 1 0.01 –...
Page 310 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-57 Typical Frequency Characteristics of Temperature Coefficient of (at F = 0.5) μ′ Figure 11-58 Typical Frequency Characteristics of Temperature Coefficient of μ′ (at F = 3) Chapter 11...
Page 311 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Figure 11-59 Typical Frequency Characteristics of Temperature Coefficient of (at F = 10) μ′ Chapter 11...
Page 312 Specifications and Supplemental Information Typical Material Measurement Accuracy When Using Option 002 and 007 Chapter 11...
Page 313: Manual Changes
This appendix contains the information required to adapt this manual to versions or configurations of the E4991A manufactured earlier than the current printing date of this manual. The information in this manual applies directly to E4991A units having the serial number printed on the title page of this manual.
Page 314: Manual Changes
Manual Changes Manual Changes Manual Changes To adapt this manual to your E4991A, refer to Table A-1 and Table A-2. Table A-1 Manual Changes by Serial Number Serial Prefix or Number Make Manual Changes Change 1 JP1KH JP2KH or MY432...
Page 315: Change 4
Setup procedure NOTE Do not make a physical connection of the E4991A to your LAN before completing proper LAN setup (through completion of Step 3). Connecting the E4991A to a LAN in an inappropriate setup could cause trouble for the entire network.
Page 316 Manual Changes Manual Changes Figure A-3 Network dialog box b. Click the icon in the tab to select it. TCP/IP Configuration c. Click the button. This opens the TCP/IP Properties dialog box (Figure Properties A-11). Figure A-4 TCP/IP Properties dialog box ( tab) IP Address d.
Page 317 Figure A-6 System Setup Change dialog box c. Click the button to restart the E4991A. NOTE Shut down the E4991A by following the procedure below if you click the button by mistake. 1. Click Start - Shut Down... 2. Click the Shut down button in the dialog box to select it.
Page 318: Change 2
Manual Changes Manual Changes a. Connect the E4991A to a LAN with a LAN cable after the power to the E4991A has been turned off. b. Press the Standby switch once to reset the switch and then press the switch once more to turn the power on.
Page 319 Note that this is automatically done with no key operations. If the above message does not appear, the E4991A is at fault; contact your local Agilent customer center listed at the end of this manual or the distributor from which you purchased the instrument.
Page 320 “Procedure for setting the internal clock” on page 197 to the following one. Setting the Internal Clock The E4991A has a built-in clock for the date and time. This internal clock is used for recording the date and time of when internal data or a VBA program is saved as a file.
Page 321 Manual Changes Manual Changes Figure A-9 Control Panel window b. After double-clicking the icon, the Date/Time Properties dialog box (Figure Date/Time A-10) will open. Figure A-10 Date/Time Properties dialog box c. Set the date and time in the areas, respectively. Date Time d.
Page 322 GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus). Refer to the “Programming Manual” for the concept and execution procedures of automatic measurement using GPIB. When the E4991A is used in a GPIB system, it is necessary to select the E4991A as a Appendix A...
Page 323 Execute the procedure below if you changed the control mode or the address. a. Shut down the E4991A by pressing “1. Standby switch” on page 23. b. Turn on the E4991A by again pressing “1. Standby switch” on page 23. Appendix A...
Page 324: Change 1
Manual Changes Manual Changes NOTE The new control mode or address after changing does not become valid until the E4991A has been shutdown and restarted. Change 1 When the serial number prefix is JP1KH, change the description of “Procedure to execute system recovery”...
Page 325 A: \ > Step 6. Remove the system recovery disk from the floppy disk drive. Step 7. Shut down the E4991A by pressing the Standby switch. Step 8. The E4991A will restart in the system-recovery-complete condition. Appendix A...
Page 326 System recovery can be suspended without execution by pressing instead of Step 5. is also indicated on the screen after this selection is made. Remove the system A: \ > recovery disk and shut down the E4991A by pressing the Standby switch. Appendix A...
Page 327 Probe Station Connection Kit Option 010 This appendix explains the E4991A Option 010 Probe Station Connection Kit, which is used to connect the instrument to a probe station made by a third-party manufacturer.
Page 328: Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010)
Option 010 Overview Option 010 Overview The E4991A Option 010 Probe Station Connection Kit permits connection of the E4991A to any manufacturer’s probe station. Agilent Technologies recommends that you use the Cascade Microtech Summit 9000, 11000, and 12000 series probe stations. This connection kit consists of a test head and an extension cable.
Page 329: Recommended Probe Stations
• HPC40-GSG series NOTE Except for the oscillator level, the E4991A standard specifications and supplemental information are applied while using the Option 010 Probe Station Connection Kit. For specifications of the oscillator level, refer to “Oscillator Level” on page 239.
Page 330: Mounting Test Head And Connecting Cables
Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010) Mounting Test Head and Connecting Cables (using recommended probe station) Mounting Test Head and Connecting Cables (using recommended probe station) To mount the test head, you need the mounting plate and the semi-rigid cable provided by Cascade Microtech in addition to Option 010.
Page 331 Cascade Microtech. For more on how to make this connection, refer to Cascade Microtech’s manual. Step 5. Connect each N(m) to SMA(f) adapter to the corresponding port on the E4991A test head interface (RF OUT, PORT1, PORT2). Figure B-4 Connecting N(m) to SMA(f) Adapter Step 6.
Page 332 Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010) Mounting Test Head and Connecting Cables (using recommended probe station) connector nut of the SMA(m) connector. Figure B-5 Connecting extension cable to E4991A Appendix B...
Page 333: Mounting Test Head And Connecting Cables (Using Probe Stations Other Than Recommended Models)
Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010) Mounting Test Head and Connecting Cables (using probe stations other than recommended models) Mounting Test Head and Connecting Cables (using probe stations other than recommended models) If you use a probe station other than the Cascade Microtech Summit 9000, 11000, or 12000 series, you should prepare a mounting plate that fixes the test head and a cable that connects the test head and probe head.
Page 334: Open/Short/Load Calibration
LOAD calibration. These parameters are defined at each probe pitch and printed inside the probe head’s case cover provided by Cascade Microtech. Set the appropriate values in the Cal Kit Menu of the E4991A, depending on the probe head you are using and its pitch. Step 1. Click the...
Page 335: Calibration/Compensation Measurement Point Mode
Calibration/Compensation Measurement Point Mode E4991A has three modes for defining the measurement points when the calibration and compensation data are measured. Agilent Technologies recommends performing calibration in User-defined frequency/User-defined power point mode when using a probe station. Table B-1 Calibration/Compensation Measurement Point Mode...
Page 336: Calibration Of Open/Short/Load
Fixed frequency/fixed power point mode This mode obtains calibration/compensation data in a fixed frequency and power range of the E4991A. In device measurement, calibration or compensation is applied to each measurement point by using interpolation. This causes interpolation error. Calibration of Open/Short/Load The calibration data of Open/Short/Load is measured according to the following procedure while using the Cascade ISS (Impedance Standard Substrate).
Page 337 Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010) OPEN/SHORT/LOAD Calibration Step 4. Measurement of load calibration data. a. Set the probe tip to the load position in the ISS. b. Click the button and measure the load calibration data. Meas Load Step 5. Finishing calibration data measurement and confirmation of calibration state. a.
Page 338 Probe Station Connection Kit (Option 010) OPEN/SHORT/LOAD Calibration Appendix B...
Page 339: Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007)
Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) This appendix provides information necessary for measuring temperature characteristic using the thermal characteristic test kit (option 007).
Page 340: Overview
Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Overview Overview The E4991A option 007 temperature characteristic test kit extends the measurement terminal to measure the temperature characteristic of the DUT, and is used along with a temperature chamber . This kit makes it possible to perform measurement within the range of -55°C to 150°C by extending the test head as close as possible to the temperature...
Page 341: Installation
Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Installation Installation To measure temperature characteristics using the temperature characteristic test kit, connect the devices as shown in Figure C-2. NOTE Wait for at least 1 hour at the highest and lowest temperatures before starting measurement In order to obtain stable measurement results, before starting measurement, keep the temperature inside the temperature chamber at the highest temperature of the actual...
Page 342: Connection Procedure
Installation Connection procedure 1. Mount the test head to the stand. Step 1. Remove the test head from the E4991A. NOTE First, remove the Type N connector connected to RF OUT. Then, turn both the Type N connectors connected to PORT1 and PORT2 at the same time to remove them.
Page 343 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Installation 2. Install the measurement cable in the temperature chamber. Step 1. Insert the measurement cable into the hole in the temperature chamber so that the Type L, 7-mm connector side faces the inside of the temperature chamber. Attach heat insulating materials to the cable as necessary.
Page 344 NOTE To avoid damage to the connectors of the extension cable, be sure to connect the adapters to the E4991A first, and then connect the extension cable to the adapters. Figure C-8 Connecting extension cable and E4991A Step 2.
Page 345 When you need to route the extension cable downward (for example, when placing the E4991A by the test head stand), the weight of the cable itself may stress the connector part. To decrease this overload, secure the extension cable at an upper part of the stand as shown in Figure C-10.
Page 346: Calibration/Compensation
The measurement set with the temperature characteristic test kit connected requires the same calibration/compensation procedures as with usual connection in which the test head is connected directly to the E4991A, except for the calibration reference surface. Perform calibration at room temperature.
Page 347: Temperature Compensation
Preparation for using TemperatureCompensation TemperatureCompensation is included in the library called Agilent E4991A-007 Compensation Library (DLL). In order to use the Agilent E4991A-007 Compensation Library, you need to enable the reference to it. Enable the reference to Agilent E4991A-007 Compensation Library Step 1.
Page 348 Function reference TemperatureCompensation temperature, file_name Description Reads data from the E4991A, executes compensation at the specified temperature for the data, and then writes the result in the raw data arrays. NOTE This function is provided for the built-in VBA and is not available for HTBasic.
Page 349 TemperatureCompensation function included in the class module. Line 110 Stops sweeping on the E4991A. Line 130 Uses the TemperatureCompensation function to update the displayed data to the data for which temperature compensation has been done.
Page 350: Acquiring Temperature Compensation Data
NOTE When the DC bias feature (option) is provided, turn the feature off while acquiring temperature compensation data. Step 1. Make sure that the temperature of the E4991A itself and tip of the measurement cable is ° ° within 18...
Page 351 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Temperature compensation 6. For each measurement temperature, repeat 4 and 5. Step 5. Calculate open/short data and save it into a file in the following folder. D:\Tctest\Compen\ Open data From the admittance measurement data for the open standard ( ) and the reference data –...
Page 352 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Temperature compensation Figure C-12 Format of compensation data file Sample program Example C-1 shows a sample program that demonstrates how to acquire temperature compensation data. You can find the source file of this program, named CompMeas.bas, on the sample program disk.
Page 353 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Temperature compensation impedance respectively and sets both the display formats of trace 4 and trace 5 to the complex plane. Lines 240 to 270 Sets up the trigger system. Line 310 Displays a message instructing the user to set the the temperature of the chamber to 23 °C and to wait for 30 minutes.
Page 354 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Temperature compensation ° Lines 830 to 840 Converts the admittance difference at 100 C to the impedance value, calculates the real part (= Diff100_r/(Diff100_r +Diff100_i )) and imaginary part (= -Diff100_i/(Diff100_r +Diff100_i )) of the admittance value, and writes those parts into the file.
Page 355 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Temperature compensation Example C-2 Acquiring temperature compensation data (object name: CompMeas.bas) Sub CompDataMeas() Dim File As String Dim MeasDataOpen0 As Variant Dim MeasDataShor0 As Variant Dim MeasDataOpen23 As Variant Dim MeasDataShor23 As Variant Dim MeasDataOpen100 As Variant Dim MeasDataShor100 As Variant Dim StimData As Variant 100|...
Page 356 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Temperature compensation 640| 650| Nop = SCPI.Query(":SWE:POIN?") 660| SCPI.Output ":SWE:STIM1?" 670| SCPI.Enter StimData, "#" 680| 690| ' Saving Data 700| iFileNo = FreeFile 710| Open File For Output As iFileNo 720| Print #iFileNo, ",0,,23,,100," 730| For i = 0 To Nop - 1 740|...
Page 357: Measuring Temperature Characteristic Using Sample Program
D:\Tctest This program includes 2 macros: Tctest.Start and Compensation.Start. "Tctest.Start" enables you to control the temperature chamber and the E4991A and measure the temperature characteristic of the DUT automatically under 3 different kinds of measurement conditions that are programmed. It also allows you to obtain temperature compensation data to decrease errors due to temperature changes and reflect it to the measurement result of the temperature characteristic, as necessary.
Page 358: Measuring Temperature Characteristic Using Tctest.start Macro
Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Measuring temperature characteristic using Tctest.Start macro Overview of Tctest.Start Figure C-13 Screen displayed immediately after execution of Tctest.Start (Main Menu) The function of each part is described below. 1.
Page 359 Chapter , “Changing GPIB address,” on page 372. • Setting the GPIB control mode of the E4991A Set the control mode to "System Controller." For more information, refer to “Setting the GPIB” on page 194 in Chapter 9.
Page 360 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Measurement procedure using Tctest.start The procedure is describe below. Figure C-14 Flow of measurement using Tctest.start Appendix C...
Page 361 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program 1. Saving a measurement condition state file This sample program allows you to perform measurement under up to 3 different state conditions at each temperature point. At each temperature point, measurement is performed while reproducing measurement conditions by loading the specified state file (.sta).
Page 362 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program 3. Specifying the measurement conditions and temperature conditions Set the measurement conditions and temperature conditions on the Main Menu (Figure C-13). Step 1. Setting a temperature profile You can set one of the following temperature changes (profiles). •...
Page 363 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Table C-1 Unit, resolution, and limit values of each parameter Unit Resolution Maximum Minimum value value °C Start Temperature °C Stop Temperature # of Points # of Cycles Waiting Time Minute NOTE...
Page 364 D:\TCTEST\ The extension should be ".TPR." Create files on your external PC. File transfer between the external PC and the E4991A is performed using the FTP server function of the E4991A over LAN. For more information on the FTP server function, refer to Chapter 10, “Using LAN.”.
Page 365 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Figure C-19 Temperature Profile File (example) NOTE Since the recommended temperature chamber does not provide humidity control, humidity is not specified in Figure C-21. NOTE No space is required between a value and a comma(,). When you do not specify humidity, place no space between commas.
Page 366 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Figure C-20 State Files screen Appendix C...
Page 367 D:\TCTEST\CompTemp.Tpr Edit a file on your external PC. File transfer between the external PC and the E4991A is performed using the FTP server function of the E4991A via LAN. For more information on the FTP server ffunction, refer to Chapter 10, “Using LAN.”.
Page 368 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Step 2. Make sure that the temperature of the E4991A and the end of the measurement cable is ° ° within 18 C to 28 C and execute the open/short/load calibration at the end of the measurement cable (7-mm port) in the fixed frequency and fixed power point mode.
Page 369 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program The screen shown in Figure C-24 appears. Connect the heat-resistant open standard attached to Option 007 and then click the button to start the open measurement. Meas Figure C-24 Temperature Change Compensation Data screen when measuring open connection When measurements at all temperature points are completed, the screen shown in Figure C-25 appears.
Page 370 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program 5. Loading temperature compensation data Specifying temperature compensation data file Specify the compensation data you saved in acquiring temperature compensation data. Click the button on the Main Menu (Figure C-13) to display the Load Compensation Data screen in Figure C-28.
Page 371 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Measurement Conditions and Temp Change Compensation save/recall feature You can also load the setting of Measurement Conditions and Temp Change Compensation that have been stored in a file to reproduce them. Loading procedure Step 1.
Page 372 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program 6. Setting output file Click on the Main Menu (Figure C-13) to display Figure C-34. Enter an Output Files output file name and click the button. Figure C-34 Output File screen (example) NOTE The box below Directory: D:...
Page 373 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program Figure C-35 Example of output file (imported in Microsoft Excel) 1. Date of file saving 2. Measurement conditions and temperature conditions 3. Elapsed time from the measurement start (unit: minute) 4.
Page 374 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Measuring temperature characteristic using sample program 7. Measurement When you have entered all the following conditions, you can start measurement. • Temperature profile condition (1 in Figure C-13) • State file (1 in Figure C-13) •...
Page 375: Temperature Compensation For Measurement Result Using Compensation.start Macro
361. Measurement procedure Step 1. Execute measurement. Step 2. Set the trigger setting of the E4991A to HOLD (sweep stop). Step 3. Load the temperature characteristic program and execute the Compensation.Start macro. Figure C-37 Screen displayed immediately after execution of Compensation.Start (Main Menu) Step 4.
Page 376 Main Menu (Figure C-37) to display (overwrite) Compensation the result after temperature compensation for the data at execution. Inside the E4991A, the raw data array is overwritten with the data. After the execution of compensation, the program terminates automatically.
Page 377: Modifying Attached Sample Program
Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Modifying attached sample program Modifying attached sample program Changing limits when setting temperature change pattern The sample program provides the limits (upper limit/lower limit) as Table C-1 on page 357 and Table C-2 on page 359 when setting the temperature change pattern. These values are defined as the following constants in the standard module named UserConstant.
Page 378: Changing Gpib Address
Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Modifying attached sample program Changing GPIB address The GPIB address of the temperature chamber is defined to 1 with the GpibAddress constant, as shown below, in the standard module named ChamberControl. You can change the GPIB address to a value other than 1 by changing the definition of this constant.
Page 379 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Modifying attached sample program Figure C-43 Part to be changed when using a temperature chamber that can control temperature only (part of standard module, UserConstant) Appendix C...
Page 380 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Modifying attached sample program When using temperature chambers that can control temperature and humidity When you use a temperature chamber that can control temperature and humidity and you want to control humidity as well as temperature, change as described in “When using temperature chamber that can control temperature only”...
Page 381: Recovery Of The Sample Program Furnished The Option 007
Step 2. Insert the floppy disk furnished the option 007 into the E4991A floppy disk drive. Step 3. Double-click the icon My Computer on the E4991A display and double-click the A drive displayed in the window.
Page 382 Temperature Characteristic Test Kit (Option 007) Recovery of the sample program furnished the option 007 Appendix C...
Page 383: Menu References
Menu References This appendix explains the E4991A functions available from the display’s menu and cross references them to GPIB commands.
Page 384: Menu References
Menu References Menu References Menu References The buttons/boxes in the setup toolbar (right of display screen) are called up from the menu bar (upper screen) and front panel keys. In the list below, these are shown along with the functions they perform and the corresponding GPIB commands. Each heading in the list indicates the following: Menu Bar (Key) A Menu Bar selection and the front panel key...
Page 385: Meas/Format Menu
Menu References Menu References Menu Meas/Format Meas/Format - Meas/Format... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Meas/Format Meas/Format: Meas/Format -Meas Parameter Selects measurement parameter for the active CALC{1-5}:FORM trace. The available measurement parameter will depend on the measuring mode (impedance, derivative, magnetic measurement).
Page 386: Scale Menu
Menu References Menu References Menu Scale (When Display Format is Linear) Scale - Scale... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Scale Scale: Scale... DISP:TRAC:Y:AUTO:ALL -Autoscale All Executes autoscale for all traces. DISP:TRAC{1-5}:Y:AUTO -Autoscale Executes autoscale for active trace. -Full Scale Full Scale: Displayed when the box is...
Page 387 Menu References Menu References (When Display Format is Log) Scale - Scale... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Scale Scale: Scale... -Autoscale All Executes autoscale for all traces. DISP:TRAC:Y:AUTO:ALL -Autoscale Executes autoscale for active trace. DISP:TRAC{1-5}:Y:AUTO -Top Sets the value on top line for active trace. DISP:TRAC{1-3}:Y:TOP -Bottom Sets the value on bottom line for active trace.
Page 388 Menu References Menu References (When Display Format is Complex Plane) Scale - Scale... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Scale Scale: Scale... -Autoscale All Executes autoscale for all traces. DISP:TRAC:Y:AUTO:ALL -Autoscale Executes autoscale for active trace. DISP:TRAC{1-5}:Y:AUTO -Scale Sets the length per scale for active trace.
Page 389 Menu References Menu References Scale - Autoscale Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Scale Cannot access. Same function as Autoscale. DISP:TRAC{1-5}:Y:AUTO Autoscale Scale - Scale - Appendix D...
Page 390: Display Menu
Menu References Menu References Menu Display Display - Display... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Display Display: Display... -Num Of Traces Sets the number of traces displayed. Can display DISP:TRAC{1-5} scalar trace (number of traces: 1-3) and/or complex trace (number of traces: 1-2). -Display Scalar When there is more than one trace, selects whether DISP:FORM...
Page 391 Available only when remote user interface is On None Graph(bmp) (when E4991A User Interface program is operating on an external PC). Copies graph display of data trace to the clipboard in bmp format. When more than one window is open, the function will only copy the window with the active trace.
Page 392 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) -Copy to Clipboard Only available when the remote user interface is None Graph(jpg) On. Copies graph display of data trace to the clipboard in jpg format. When more than one window is open, the function will only copy the window with the active trace.
Page 393 Menu References Menu References More Operation Param Menu Display - Display - Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Display -More Display... -Operation Param Menu Display: -Operation Displays a list of primary parameters related to the None Parameters measurement conditions. -Cal Status/Kit Displays a list of calibration statuses and standard None...
Page 394 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) HCOP:CONT Cannot access. Same function as Print/Clipbd List Display - Display - Menu Print List Values. HCOP Values Cannot access. Same function as Print/Clipbd HCOP:CONT Operating Display - Display - Menu Print Operating Params.
Page 395: Marker Menu
Menu References Menu References Menu Marker Marker - Marker... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Marker Marker: Marker... -Select Marker Selects a marker number and displays it as a new CALC{1-5}:MARK:REF marker. If the marker number is already displayed, CALC{1-5}:MARK{1-8} it becomes the active marker.
Page 396 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Marker: -Marker[ ] Toggles the Continuous marker mode CALC{1-5}:MARK:DISC ([Continuous]) and Discrete marker mode ([Discrete]). In Continuous mode, the marker can read any selected point value on an active trace by interpolating.
Page 397 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) -Stimulus Available only when the reference marker is in Δ CALC{1-5}:MARK:REF:X mode or fixed Δ mode. Sets the reference marker stimulus value and moves it to that position. -Delta Value Available only when the reference marker is in CALC{1-5}:MARK:REF:Y...
Page 398 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) CALC{1-5}:MARK:SET -Reference Available only when the display is in linear format. Sets the active marker measurement value in the active trace as the scale reference value and changes the scale accordingly as the new reference value.
Page 399 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) -Right Available in peak search and target search. CALC{1-5}:MARK:FUNC:EX Searches for the peak value or target value on the EC:RIGH right side of the active marker. -Search Track[ ] Sets the search track [On/Off] for the active trace.
Page 400 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) CALC{1-5}:MARK:UNIT -Marker X Axis Selects the marker X axis display method used for all traces. The method is selected from among stimulus, sweep time (the time it takes to reach the active marker from the sweep start as 0 (s)), or relaxation time (1/2πf, f: measured frequency).
Page 401 Menu References Menu References More Limit Test Menu Marker - Function - Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Marker -More Function... -Limit Test Menu Limit Test: -Limit Test[ ] Executes the limit test function for the active trace CALC{1-5}:MARK:FUNC:D [On/Off].
Page 402 Menu References Menu References Marker - Fctn More... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Marker Marker Fctn: Same function as More. Fctn More... Marker - Function - Marker - Limit... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Marker Limit Test: Same function as...
Page 403: Stimulus Menu
Menu References Menu References Menu Stimulus Stimulus - Start/Stop... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus Start/Stop: Start/Stop... -Start Sets the sweep starting value. Frequency sweep: FREQ:STAR Oscillator level (dBm) sweep: SOUR:POW:STAR Oscillator level (voltage) sweep: SOUR:VOLT:STAR Oscillator level (current) sweep: SOUR:CURR:STAR Dc bias (voltage) sweep:...
Page 404 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) -Span Sets the sweep span value. Frequency sweep: FREQ:SPAN Oscillator level (dBm) sweep: SOUR:POW:SPAN Oscillator level (voltage) sweep: SOUR:VOLT:SPAN Oscillator level (current) sweep: SOUR:CURR:SPAN Dc bias (voltage) sweep: SOUR:VOLT:OFFS:SPAN Dc bias (current) sweep: SOUR:CURR:OFFS:SPAN...
Page 405 Menu References Menu References Stimulus - Sweep Setup... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus Sweep Setup: Sweep Setup... -Number Of Points Sets the number of measurement points (NOP) in SWE:POIN integers from 2 to 801. The larger the NOP is, the better the resolution becomes but the longer the sweep time becomes.
Page 406 Menu References Menu References Sweep Time[ ] Stimulus - Sweep Setup - Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus -Sweep Time[ ] Sweep Setup... Sweep Time: -Sweep Time Auto[ ] Switches the sweep time from manual (sets sweep SWE:TIME:AUTO time to any selected time) to auto (sets sweep time automatically).
Page 407 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) -Number Of Points Sets the number of measurement points for the SEGM{1-16}:SWE:POIN selected segment number from 2 to 801. However, the total number of all segments cannot exceed the maximum of 801.
Page 408 Menu References Menu References Segment Table Menu More Stimulus - Sweep Setup - Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus -Segment Table Menu Sweep Setup... -More Segment Table: -Osc Level Sets the oscillation level for the selected segment Oscillation level (dBm): number.
Page 409 Menu References Menu References Stimulus - Source... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus Source: Source... -Osc Level Available when selecting a sweep parameter other Oscillation level (dBm): than the oscillation level sweep. Sets the SOUR:POW oscillation level. Oscillation level (voltage): SOUR:VOLT Oscillation level (current):...
Page 410 Menu References Menu References Stimulus - Cal/Compen... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus Cal/Compen: Cal/Compen. -Cal Menu[ ] Calls up the setup toolbar for calibration and settings. For details see “Stimulus - Cal/Compen - Cal Menu[ ]” on page 405. Before calibration the Uncal is shown in the [ ].
Page 411 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) -Recover Cal/Comp Recovers the calibration/fixture compensation None State data and restores the instrument setups. For more on the instrument setups, refer to Appendix G on page 439. Cal Menu[ ] Stimulus - Cal/Compen - Menu Bar Setup Toolbar...
Page 412 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) SENS:CORR1:COLL:FPO -Cal Type Selects the calibration and fixture compensation data measurement point. The measurement point SENS:CORR2:COLL:FPO is selected from fixed frequency/fixed power point mode (Fixed Freq & Pwr), Fixed frequency/User defined power point mode (Fixed Freq, User Pwr), or User defined frequency/user-defined power point mode (User Freq &...
Page 413 Menu References Menu References Cal Kit Menu Stimulus - Cal/Compen - (Impedance/Magnetic) Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus -Cal Kit Menu Cal/Compen. Cal Kit: -Cal Kit Type Selects the calibration kit type from Standard (7 SENS:CORR1:CKIT mm) or User Defined (User). -Open G Available only when the User-Defined calibration SENS:CORR1:CKIT:STAN1:...
Page 414 Menu References Menu References Cal Kit Menu Stimulus - Cal/Compen - (Derivatives) Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Stimulus -Cal Kit Menu Cal/Compen. Cal Kit: -Cal Kit Type Automatically selects the LOAD standard (PTFE) SENS:CORR1:CKIT as the dielectric calibration kit. Cannot be changed.
Page 415: Trigger Menu
Menu References Menu References Menu Trigger Trigger - Trigger Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Trigger Cannot access. Available only when the trigger source is set to None Trigger manual. Trigger is initiated once. Trigger - Trigger Setup... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function...
Page 416 Menu References Menu References Trigger - Hold Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Trigger INIT:CONT Cannot access. Same function as Hold. Hold Trigger - Trigger Setup - Trigger - Single Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Trigger INIT Cannot access.
Page 417: Utility Menu
Materials measurement is only possible when Option 002 (material measurement software) is installed in the E4991A. For details see “Utility - Utility - Material Option Menu” on page 413. -Macros Displays the dialog box that runs and saves the PROG:CAT? loaded Macro program (VBA program).
Page 418 Menu References Menu References Equivalent Circuit Menu Utility - Utility - Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Utility -Equivalent Circuit Utility Menu Equivalent Circuit: -Select Circuit[ ] Calls up the setup toolbar that selects the equivalent circuit model. For details see “Utility - Utility - Equivalent Circuit Menu - Select Circuit[ ]”...
Page 419 Menu References Menu References Equivalent Circuit Menu Select Circuit[ ] Utility - Utility - Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Utility -Equivalent Circuit Utility Menu -Select Circuit[ ] Select Circuit: Selects equivalent circuit model A. Model A is CALC{1-5}:EPAR:CIRC generally suited to analyzing inductors with high core loss.
Page 420 Menu References Menu References Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) CALC:FORM:PAR:MAG -Outer Diameter Available only when the measurement is Permeability. Enters the outer diameter of the magnetic material (material under test). Utility - Equivalent Circuit... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key)
Page 421 Menu References Menu References Utility - Save Program... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Utility Cannot access. Same as Save Program. MMEM:STOR:MACR Save Utility - Utility - Program... Utility - Load Program... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Utility Cannot access.
Page 422: Save/Recall Menu
-Save Data Calls up the dialog box to store the E4991A’s MMEM:STOR:TRAC:ASC internal data arrays. To store internal data, it is MMEM:STOR:TRAC necessary to indicate the file type and the content MMEM:STOR:TRAC:SEL{1- of the internal data.
Page 423 Menu References Menu References Save/Recall - Save Data... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) Save/Recall Cannot access. Same as Save Data. MMEM:STOR:TRAC:ASC Save Data... Save/Recall - Save/Recall - MMEM:STOR:TRAC MMEM:STOR:TRAC:SEL{1- MMEM:STOR:CITI{1-3} Save/Recall - Save Graphics... Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key)
Page 424: System Menu
-Beep[ ] Sets the beep function [On/Off] that notifies the SYST:BEEP:STAT calibration measurement or Pass/Fail of the limit test function. -About E4991A Displays the E4991A’s product information *IDN? *OPT? (firmware version no. and installed option no.). Appendix D...
Page 425 GPIB bus; that is, it sets the GPIB control rights. Selection is made between the mode in which the E4991A is controlled by an outer controller (Addressable Only) and the mode in which the E4991A itself maintains control as a system controller (System Controller).
Page 426 Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) System SYST:PRES Cannot access. Returns the E4991A to its initial settings. For Preset more on initial settings, refer to Appendix G, “Initial Settings,” on page 439. System - Exit Menu Bar Setup Toolbar Function...
Page 427 Setup Toolbar Function GPIB Command (Key) System Cannot access. Calls up the dialog box for the test function to *IDN? Diagnostic... diagnose the E4991A internal functions. For more *OPT? on the test function, refer to the Service Manual. Appendix D...
Page 428 Menu References Menu References Appendix D...
Page 429: Theory On Material Measurement
Theory on Material Measurement This appendix explains the basic principle and concept of material measurement.
Page 430: Dielectric Material Measurement
Dielectric Material Measurement Dielectric Material Measurement If your E4991A has Option 002 installed, it is possible to measure the relative permittivity of a solid dielectric material taking the shape of a board. Permittivity here refers to the ease of storing energy in an electric field.
Page 431: Measurement Principle Of Dielectric Material
The E4991A uses the measurement technology called the Capacitance Method to measure relative permittivity. This method calculates relative permittivity from capacitance values measured with the E4991A by positioning a DUT between the test fixture’s electrodes to form a condenser. Figure E-2 shows a conceptual diagram using a 16453A text fixture.
Page 432: Error Components Of 16453A Test Fixture
Figure E-4 shows lines of electric force when measuring a capacity value of a dielectric material. As shown in Figure E-4, edge capacitance occurs around electrode edges, resulting in a larger capacitance value than it really has. The E4991A internally calculates edge capacitance, thus eliminating the need to consider errors due to edge capacitance when using the 16453A test fixture.
Page 433 Theory on Material Measurement Dielectric Material Measurement Errors Due to Residual Parameters of Text Fixture Since the 16453A test fixture has errors due to electrical length, residual impedance, and stray admittance, these errors can be minimized by performing OPEN, SHORT and LOAD calibrations on the DUT contact surface of the test fixture.
Page 434: Magnetic Material Measurement
Theory on Material Measurement Magnetic Material Measurement Magnetic Material Measurement If your E4991A has Option 002 installed, the relative permeability of a magnetic material (a toroidal core) can be measured. Permeability here refers to the ease of storing energy in the magnetic field.
Page 435: Measurement Principle Of Magnetic Material
Magnetic Material Measurement Measurement Principle of Magnetic Material To measure relative permeability, the E4991A uses a measurement technology called the Inductance Method. In this method, a DUT (toroidal core) is wrapped with a wire, and relative permeability is calculated from the inductance values at the end of the core. This section explains the measurement principle when using the 16454A test fixture.
Page 436 Theory on Material Measurement Magnetic Material Measurement When a DUT (toroidal core) is mounted in a 16454A, an ideal (no magnetic flux leak) inductance with a wire rolled once is formed, as shown in Figure E-8. Figure E-8 Measurement Principle When Using 16454A Test Fixture The self-inductance of a measurement circuit including the DUT is derived as Equation E-11 from Equation E-8, Equation E-9, Equation E-10, and the physical shape of the 16454A.
Page 437 Theory on Material Measurement Magnetic Material Measurement in Equation E-15 indicates self-inductance when a DUT is not mounted in the test fixture. Equation E-15 Self-Inductance When DUT Is Not Mounted in Test Fixture μ ----- -h -- - 2π Figure E-9 Loss of Magnetic Material The impedance of the circuit (i) in Figure E-9 is expressed as Equation E-16, and the...
Page 438: Structure Of 16454A Test Fixture
Theory on Material Measurement Magnetic Material Measurement Structure of 16454A Test Fixture Z ∗ As shown in Figure E-10, 16454A has a residual impedance as serial impedance. Figure E-10 16545A Residual Impedance Z ∗ Given the ideal impedance of the 16454A text fixture with no DUT mounted, the Z ∗...
Page 439: Information On Maintenance
Information on Maintenance This appendix explains the measures you should take to maintain the Agilent E4991A.
Page 440: Cleaning This Instrument
Do not use chemicals other than ethanol and isopropyl alcohol to wet the cleaning cloth. Maintenance of Connectors/Ports A 7-mm connector is used for the test head of the E4991A. The N-type connector is used for the front panel. In the RF band, dirt or damage to connectors significantly affects measurement accuracy.
Page 441 Information on Maintenance Cleaning this Instrument Removing center conductor collet Follow these steps to remove the center conductor collet of the 7-mm connector. Step 1. Turn the outer part of the 7-mm connector clockwise viewed from above to completely expose the connector sleeve. Step 2.
Page 442: Cleaning A Display Other Than An Lcd
Information on Maintenance Cleaning this Instrument Installing center conductor collet Follow these steps to install the center conductor collet of the 7-mm connector. Step 1. Insert the collet into the center conductor of the connector. Step 2. Push the collet slowly as far as it will go. Cleaning a Display Other than an LCD To remove stains on parts other than the LCD, test ports, and other connectors/ports of the instrument, wipe them gently with a soft cloth that is dry or wetted with a small amount of...
Page 443: Cautions Applicable To Requesting Repair, Replacement, Regular Calibration, Etc
Regular Calibration, etc. Devices to be Sent Back for Repair or Regular Calibration If it is necessary to send the unit to the Service Center of Agilent Technologies for repair or regular calibration, please follow the instructions below. Devices you must send When you ask our service center for repair or periodic calibration of the instrument, send the E4991A with the following accessories attached.
Page 444 Information on Maintenance Cautions Applicable to Requesting Repair, Replacement, Regular Calibration, etc. Appendix F...
Page 445: Initial Settings
Initial Settings This appendix lists initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, and settings that can be backed up.
Page 446: Initial Settings, Settings That Can Be Saved/Recalled, Settings That Can Be Backed Up
Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up The following table shows the following items. • Initial settings (factory settings) •...
Page 447 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Reset Restore Box/button name Available Save/ Back cal/comp Related key of toolbar Factory settings setting Recall settings *RST or setting methods ← ← √ Active Trace Trace 1 L/R/G ←...
Page 448 Define Trace ← ← √ L/R/G Math Offset ← ← √ L/R/G List Values √ E4991A default local printer HP DeskJet 550C No effect No effect (driver name) Printer ← ← √ (color setting) R:255, G:255, B:0 L/R/G Scalar 1 Data ←...
Page 449 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Reset Restore Box/button name Available Save/ Back cal/comp Related key of toolbar Factory settings setting Recall settings *RST or setting methods ← ← √ L/R/G All Off Marker On/Off (Marker 1 is on...
Page 450 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Reset Restore Box/button name Available Save/ Back cal/comp Related key of toolbar Factory settings setting Recall settings *RST or setting methods 1 MHz ← ← √...
Page 451 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Reset Restore Box/button name Available Save/ Back cal/comp Related key of toolbar Factory settings setting Recall settings *RST or setting methods 100.0 mV (Voltage) ← ←...
Page 452 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Reset Restore Box/button name Available Save/ Back cal/comp Related key of toolbar Factory settings setting Recall settings *RST or setting methods (calibration status) Uncal √ √...
Page 453 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Reset Restore Box/button name Available Save/ Back cal/comp Related key of toolbar Factory settings setting Recall settings *RST or setting methods Continuous ← ← √ √...
Page 454 (GPIB) Addressable only No effect ← √ Control Mode (GPIB) No effect ← √ Address: E4991A (GPIB) No effect ← √ Address: Controller Data transfer format ASCII No effect ASCII Byte order when data transfer NORMAL No effect...
Page 455 Save/ Back cal/comp Related key of toolbar Factory settings setting Recall settings *RST or setting methods E4991A current directory at D:\Documents No effect No effect √ state saving ← ← √ File type of the data to be Binary L/R/G...
Page 456 Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings that can be Saved/Recalled, Settings that can be Backed Up Appendix G...
Page 457: Comparison Information Of 4291B And E4991A
Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Comparison information of the Agilent 4291B and the Agilent E4991A (excluding GPIB command comparison) is given in this appendix. Refer to Appendix D of the Programming Manual (“4291B vs. E4991A GPIB Command Comparison Chart”) for a comparison of...
Page 458: Major Differences
On the other hand, the closest thing to a channel concept in the E4991A is its having five traces (3 scalar and 2 complex). The difference between channel and trace is that conditions, including the sweep condition, can be set independently in the channel concept, while all such conditions are common to all traces in the trace concept.
Page 459: Marker
On the other hand, a reference marker is used as a base to indicate relative value against any point in the E4991A. The same functions as those of a normal marker are available to the reference marker if it is specified as the active marker. Consequently, there is no tracking Δ...
Page 460: Function Comparison List
Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Function Comparison List Function Comparison List Table H-1 compares the functions of the 4291B with those of the E4991A. Table H-1 Function Comparison List 4291B E4991A Measure- Frequency Range 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz...
Page 461 Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Function Comparison List Table H-1 Function Comparison List 4291B E4991A Display 8.4 inch (color) 8.4 inch (color) Display formats Linear Linear Logarithms Logarithms Polar chart Polar chart Smith chart Smith chart Admittance chart Admittance chart...
Page 462 Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Function Comparison List Table H-1 Function Comparison List 4291B E4991A Calibra- Types Open Open tion Short Short Load Load Low loss capacitor Low loss capacitor Measurement points of calibration data Frequency and OSC level are fixed.
Page 463 Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Function Comparison List Table H-1 Function Comparison List 4291B E4991A Sweep Sweep time Automatic/Manual Automatic/Manual Delay Point delay Point delay Sweep delay Sweep delay Segment delay Measurement points 2 to 801 2 to 801...
Page 464 Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Function Comparison List Table H-1 Function Comparison List 4291B E4991A Marker Number of markers Main marker: 1 Markers: 8 Sub-markers: 7 (No distinction between main and sub, the markers designated as active markers have the same functions as previous main Δ...
Page 465 Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Function Comparison List Table H-1 Function Comparison List 4291B E4991A Marker Display formats of the marker for Real part and imaginary part Real part and imaginary part (Contin- indicating complex numbers Absolute value (Linear display) and phase...
Page 466 Comparison Information of 4291B and E4991A Function Comparison List Table H-1 Function Comparison List 4291B E4991A Data input Data transfer format ASCII ASCII IEEE 32 bit floating-point IEEE 32 bit floating-point output IEEE 64 bit floating-point IEEE 64 floating-point MS-DOS (Byte order can be selected, so MS-DOS format can be used.)
Page 467: Messages
Messages The E4991A can display error messages as well as messages that indicate the internal operating status of the equipment. This appendix explains what these messages mean by listing them in alphabetical order. The Programming Manual lists error messages in order...
Page 468: Alphabetical Order
On. Measure all of the necessary calibration data. -168 Block data not allowed Block data ia received at a position where the E4991A cannot allow a block data element. Cal measure aborted One of the following problems has occurred. •...
Page 469 -148 Character data not allowed Character data has been received at a position where the E4991A cannot allow a character data element. For example, when the program message "CALC1:MARK:FUNC:TARG MAX" is sent instead of the correct program message "CALC1:MARK:FUNC:TARG le-12", the character data element is regarded by the...
Page 470 Data may be invalid. Also, a newly reading procedure may have been started but not completed since the most recent access. -222 Data out of range A data element well out of the E4991A’s defined range (but not violating the standard) has been received. -104 Data type error The parser has recognized a data element that is not supposed to exist.
Page 471 The parameter value is not appropriate. For example, when the program message "DISP:TRAC1:Y:SPAC OBAS" has been sent instead of the correct program message "DISP:TRAC1:Y:SPAC LOG", the parameter rate is regarded by the E4991A inappropriate. Refer to the command reference and confirm that the parameter value is correctly inputted.
Page 472 Invalid suffix The suffix (here meaning Unit) does not following the sentence structure defined by IEEE488.2, 7.7.3.2, or the suffix is not appropriate for the E4991A. For example, when the program message "SOUR:VOLT:STAR 10dbm" has been sent instead of the correct program message "SOUR:VOLT:STAR 10mV", the suffix is regarded by the...
Page 473 Macro execution error command. -272 Macro execution error An execution error related to the E4991A’s macro functions has occurred. -261 Math error in expression A program data element that is a syntactically legal expression could not be executed due to a math error such as an attempted divide-by-zero.
Page 474 Messages No fixed delta marker SYST:ERR? command has been sent by GPIB. When the equipment finds no occurrence of an error, a message is returned as error number 0. No fixed delta marker Because the reference marker is not set to fixed Δ mode, the sent command has been ignored.
Page 475 Select an appropriate measurement parameter or display format. Not enough data The amount of data transferred to the E4991A by an eternal controller was less than the amount expected by the E4991A. Match the amount of data to be transferred with the E4991A measurement points.
Page 476 E4991A is no longer able to carry out a process. -400 Query error The E4991A has found a Query error for which it is not able to specify the error message. This code shows that a Query error defined in IEEE488.2, 11.5.1.1.7 or 6.3 has occurred. -410 Query INTERRPUTED This indicates a condition that has created an "INTERRUPTED"...
Page 477 -158 String data not allowed A string data element has been found at a position where the E4991A does not allow string data elements. For example, when the program message "TRIG:SOUR "MAN"" has been sent instead of the correct program message "TRIG:SOUR MAN", the double quote (") is regarded by the...
Page 478 Trigger ignored The trigger command "*TRG" or an external trigger signal has been received and detected by the E4991A but was ignored because of the timing (for example, the E4991A trigger was not in the waiting condition). Prepare for the trigger command or external trigger signal when the trigger is in the waiting condition.
Page 479 Undefined header -113 Undefined header A command not defined by the E4991A has been received, although grammatical structure does not provide any problem. For example, when the program message "DISP:TRAC1:X:AUTO" has been sent instead of the correct program message "DISP:TRAC1:Y:AUTO", it is received by the as an undefined command.
Page 480: Messages Indicating The Internal Status Of The Equipment
PLL Unlock An error has been detected in the internal PLL (Phase Lock Loop) circuit of the E4991A. The PLL is used to generate a stable frequency source. This can occur due to an error of the external reference signal or when the power is turned ON in a low-temperature environment.
Page 481: Messages Indicating The Results (Or Current Status) Of Processing
Messages Cal done Messages indicating the results (or current status) of processing Cal done Calculation and storage of a calibration coefficient completed. Cal measure aborted Measurement of calibration data aborted. Comp done Calculation and storage of a fixture compensation coefficient completed. Comp measure aborted Measurement of a fixture compensation coefficient aborted.
Page 482 Messages Wait -- measuring comp standard Appendix I...
Page 483 419 Address:E4991A box ΔΤ, 299, 303 function list by menu, 419 ΔTmax, 299, 303 Agilent E4991A-007 Compensation Library, 341 [ .. ], 169 All Off button, 129 [Cal/Compel] key, 24 function list by menu, 389 [Display] key, 24...
Page 484 Index function list by menu, 403 Calibration/Compensation Bias Source box (Stimulus-Sweep Setup-Segment Table difference between 4286A and 4287A, 452 Menu-More) Calibration/Compensation data measurement point function list by menu, 402 Measurement Support Functions, 252 Blue box Calibration/Compensation measurement point mode function list by menu, 386 Using Probe Station, 329 BMP format Cancel/Close key...
Page 485 60 setting, 60 E button DC Bias Monitor function list by menu, 413 Specification, 241 E4991A-007 Compensation Library, 341 Dc Bias[ ] button (Stimulus-Source...) Ea, 245 function list by menu, 403 Ea (Option 007), 277 DC Current Bias...
Page 486 Index Electrical Delay box fixture compensation, 89 function list by menu, 405 Fixture Type box electrical length compensation, 87 function list by menu, 405 floppy disk drive, 23 Specification, 258 Format Temperature compensation data file, 345 CITIfile, 181 Temperature Profile, 358 Enter Password to exit dialog box, 191 Format box Enter temperature...
Page 487 Index High stability frequency reference output connector, 29 LAN interface Specification, 256 Specification, 255 history, LAN port, 29 manual printing, 2 LCD display, 23 Hold Left button Instrument status bar, 39 function list by menu, 392 Hold button Limit Marker Test function list by menu, 409 Specification, 254 How to Use This Operation Manual, 19...
Page 488 Index marker continuous mode, 135 Measurement Accuracy, 285 marker interlocking on/off, 136 Material Option Menu button marker list display, 130 function list by menu, 411 marker value display mode, 137 Material Type box moving marker, 129 function list by menu, 413 reading trace data, 128 Math Offset box setting reference line value by marker, 112...
Page 489 Index using, 116 function list by menu, 407 memory trace arrays, 166 Open C box (Stimulus-Cal/Compen-Compen Kit Menu) Menu bar function list by menu, 408 LCD Display display areas, 32 Open G box (Stimulus-Cal/Compen-Cal Kit Menu) message, 461 function list by menu, 407 Mini-DIN keyboard port, 31 Open G box (Stimulus-Cal/Compen-Compen Kit Menu) Mini-DIN mouse port, 30...
Page 490 Power requirements function list by menu, 412 Specification, 259 reading the value on trace, 128 preset rear panel initialization of E4991A, 42 names and functions, 28 Preset (front panel key), 42 Rear Panel Connectors Preset key Specification, 255 function list by menu, 420...
Page 491 Index Recovery Save State dialog box, 169 System recovery, 312 Save/Recall dialog box operation, 169 tctest.lcr, 375 Save/Recall key RecoveryÅFSample programÅitctest.lcr), 375 function list by menu, 416 Red box Saved/Recalled function list by menu, 386 Settings, 440 Ref Oven, 29 saving and recalling Ref Pos box, 109 Overview, 166...
Page 492 Index CITIfile, 181 Source key SEG_LIST_BEGIN function list by menu, 403 CITIfile, 181 Span box (Stimulus-Start/Stop...) SEG_LIST_END function list by menu, 398 CITIfile, 181 Specification Segment Delay box Definitions, 238 function list by menu, 400 Specifications, 237 Segment Display box Standby switch, 23 function list by menu, 399 Start box (Stimulus-Start/Stop...)
Page 493 Index Sweep Direction[ ] button Change temperature stepwise, 356 function list by menu, 399 Tuning on/off the temperature compensation data, 364 Sweep key Temp Change Compensation function list by menu, 399 Tctest.Start, 352 sweep parameter Temp Change Compensation(Tctest.Start) selecting, 46 Acquire temperature compesation data, 361 Sweep Parameter box TempComp.bas, 343...
Page 494 Index Trace 2 LCD Display display areas, 38 warranty, 5 Trace Data limitation of, 5 in Contents check box, 172 Weight Trace key Specification, 259 function list by menu, 378 Window Maximize button Trace Memory function list by menu, 384 in Contents check box, 172 Window Restore button Trace menu, 378...

Agilent Technologies E4991A Operation Manual

How to Use this Operation Manual Relationship of Operation Manual Contents to Using the E4991A

Function Overview

Setting Measurement Conditions

Calibration and Compensation

Display Setting

Analysis of Measurement Results

Saving and Recalling Internal Data

Printing Measurement Results and Internal Data

Setup and Use of Control/Management Functions

Using LAN

Specifications and Supplemental Information

Quick Links

Related Manuals for Agilent Technologies E4991A

Summary of Contents for Agilent Technologies E4991A