Philips 220SW9 User Manual page 116

A Universal Serial Bus device that provides additional connections to the Universal Serial
Bus.
Hubs are a key element in the plug-and-play architecture of USB. The Figure shows a typical
hub. Hubs serve to simplify USB connectivity from the user's perspective providing low cost
and complexity.
Hubs are wiring concentrators and enable the multiple attachment characteristics of USB.
Attachment points are referred to as ports. Each hub converts a single attachment point into
multiple attachment points. The architecture supports concatenation of multiple hubs.
The upstream port of a hub connects the hub towards the host. Each of the other
downstream ports of a hub allows connection to another hub or function. Hubs can detect,
attach and detach at each downstream port and enable the distribution of power to
downstream devices. Each downstream port can be individually enabled and configured at
either full or low speed. The hub isolates low speed ports from full speed signaling.
A hub consists of two portions: the Hub Controller and Hub Repeater. The repeater is a
protocol-controlled switch between the upstream port and downstream ports. It also has
hardware support for reset and suspend/resume signaling. The controller provides the
interface registers to allow communication to/from the host. Hub specific status and control
commands permit the host to configure a hub and to monitor and control its ports.
Device
A logical or physical entity that performs a function. The actual entity described depends on
the context of the reference. At the lowest level, device may refer to a single hardware
component, as in a memory device. At a higher level, it may refer to a collection of hardware
components that perform a particular function, such as a Universal Serial Bus interface
device. At an even higher level, device may refer to the function performed by an entity
attached to the Universal Serial Bus; for example, a data/FAX modem device. Devices may
be physical, electrical, addressable, and logical.
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