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Heat pump function
An exhaust air heat pump uses the heat that is in the building's ventilation
air to heat up the accommodation. The conversion of the ventilation air's
energy to accommodation heating occurs in three different circuits. From the
outgoing ventilation air (1) , free heating energy is retrieved from the accom-
modation and transported to the heat pump. In the refrigerant circuit, (2) ,
the heat pump increases the retrieved heat's low temperature to a high
temperature. In the heating medium circuit, (3) , the heat is distributed around
the house.
Ventilation air
A
The hot air is transferred from the rooms to the heat pump via the house ventil-
ation system.
B
The fan then routes the air to the heat pump's evaporator. Here, the air releases
the heating energy to the brine and the air's temperature drops significantly. The
cold air is then blown out of the house.
Refrigerant circuit
C
Another liquid circulates in a closed system in the heat pump, a refrigerant, which
also passes the evaporator. The refrigerant has a very low boiling point. In the
evaporator the refrigerant receives the heat energy from the ventilation air and
starts to boil.
D
The gas that is produced during boiling is routed into an electrically powered
compressor. When the gas is compressed, the pressure increases and the gas's
temperature increases considerably, from 5°C to approx. 80 °C.
E
From the compressor, gas is forced into a heat exchanger, condenser, where it
releases heat energy to the heat pump boiler section, whereupon the gas is cooled
and condenses to a liquid form again.
F
As the pressure is still high, the refrigerant can pass an expansion valve, where
the pressure drops so that the refrigerant returns to its original temperature. The
refrigerant has now completed a full cycle. It is routed to the evaporator again
and the process is repeated.
Heat medium circuit
G
The heat energy that the refrigerant produces in the condenser is retrieved by
the climate system's water, heating medium, which is heated to 35 °C (supply
temperature).
H
The hot water circulates in a closed system and is pumped out to the radiators/heat-
ing coils of the house and to the heat pump supply air coil. The supply air battery
heats up the air that is blown out into the room with the supply air device.
I
The heat pump's integrated hot water heater is in the boiler section. The hot
boiler water heats the hot water.
Chapter 2 |
The heat pump – the heart of the house
NIBE™ F470
9
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