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XPower XM 1000 Owner's Manual

Xantrex pro inverter xm 1000 and xm 1800
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975-0263-01-01 REV. C
Printed in China
by
Xantrex PRO Inverter
XM 1000 and XM 1800
Owner's Guide

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  • Page 1 Xantrex PRO Inverter XM 1000 and XM 1800 t 1-800-670-0707 (toll-free in North America) 1-360-925-5097 (direct) f 1-360-925-5143 (direct) e CustomerService@xantrex.com www.xantrex.com Owner's Guide 975-0263-01-01 REV. C Printed in China...
  • Page 2 Xantrex PRO Inverter Owner’s Guide...
  • Page 3 ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK. Date and Revision February 2007 Revision C Manual Part Number 975-0263-01-01 Product Part Numbers 806-1010 (XM 1000) 806-1810 (XM 1800) Contact Information Telephone: 1 800 670 0707 (toll-free in North America) 1 360 925 5097 (direct) Fax:...

  • Page 4: About This Guide

    Purpose The purpose of this Owner’s Guide is to provide explanations and procedures for installing, operating, and maintaining the Xantrex PRO Inverter (XM 1800 and XM 1000). Scope The Guide provides safety guidelines, detailed planning and setup information, procedures for installing the inverter, as well as information about operating and troubleshooting the installation.

  • Page 5: Conventions Used

    About This Guide Conventions Used The following conventions are used in this guide. WARNING Warnings identify conditions that could result in personal injury or loss of life CAUTION Cautions identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the unit or other equipment.

  • Page 6: Important Safety Instructions

    Owner’s Guide for future reference. 1. Before installing and using the Xantrex PRO Inverter (XM 1800 or XM 1000), read all instructions and cautionary markings on the inverter, the batteries, and all appropriate sections of this guide. 2. Do not expose the Xantrex PRO Inverter to rain, snow, or spray. To reduce risk of fire hazard, do not cover or obstruct the ventilation openings.

  • Page 7: Explosive Gas Precautions

    Safety WARNING: Risk of injury or loss of life Do not use Xantrex PRO Inverter in connection with life support systems or other medical equipment or devices. Explosive Gas Precautions WARNING: Explosion hazard 1. Working in the vicinity of lead-acid batteries is dangerous. Batteries generate explosive gases during normal operation.

  • Page 8: Precautions When Working With Batteries

    Safety Precautions When Working With Batteries WARNING: Explosion or fire hazard 1. Follow all instructions published by the battery manufacturer and the manufacturer of the equipment in which the battery is installed. 2. Make sure the area around the battery is well ventilated. 3.
  • Page 9 Safety Precautions for Using Rechargeable Appliances CAUTION: Equipment damage The output of the inverter is non-sinusoidal. Most rechargeable battery-operated equipment uses a separate charger or transformer that is plugged into an AC receptacle and produces a low voltage charging output. Some chargers for small rechargeable batteries can be damaged if connected to the Xantrex PRO Inverter.

  • Page 10: Table Of Contents

    Contents Important Safety Instructions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -v 1 Introduction Quality Power - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–1 Comprehensive Protection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2 2 Features...
  • Page 11 Contents Connecting the DC Cables - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–22 Testing Your Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–24 Testing in Invert Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–24 Testing in Shore Power Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–25...
  • Page 12 Contents A Specifications Electrical Performance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–1 Physical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2 Mounting Dimensions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–3 B Battery Types...

  • Page 14: Introduction

    Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of the Xantrex PRO Inverter (XM 1800 or XM 1000). The XM 1800 has been designed to give you quality power, ease of use, and reliability. Please take a few moments to read this chapter to familiarize yourself with the main performance features and protection features of the XM 1800.

  • Page 15: Comprehensive Protection

    Introduction Comprehensive Protection The XM 1800 is equipped with numerous protection features to guarantee safe and trouble-free operation: Low battery alarm Alerts you if the battery has become discharged to 11.0 V or lower. Low battery voltage shutdown Shuts the XM 1800 down automatically if the battery voltage drops below 10.5 V.

  • Page 16: Features

    Features Chapter 2 describes the main features of the XM 1800. Xantrex recommends that you familiarize yourself with these features before installing and operating the inverter. Materials List Your XM 1800 package includes: • One XM 1800 inverter • Two M8 lock washers (on the DC input cable terminals) •...

  • Page 17: Front Panel

    “Front Panel Operation” on page 4–2. GFCI receptacles provide 1000 W (XM 1000) or 1800 W (XM 1800) of power to operate AC devices. The GFCI receptacles can be removed to access the AC wiring compartment for hardwiring the inverter to an existing AC power system.

  • Page 18: Rear Panel

    Rear Panel Rear Panel XM 1000 shown Feature Description Negative DC cabling terminal connects to the cable connected to the negative terminal of the battery. Ventilation opening must not be obstructed for the proper operation of the cooling fan and inverter.
  • Page 19 2–4...

  • Page 20: Installation

    Installation Chapter 3 provides information on cables and fuses to help you plan for your installation, and provides procedures for installing the XM 1800. Xantrex strongly recommends that you read the entire chapter before starting to install the XM 1800, so that you can plan an installation that is suited to your power needs.
  • Page 21 Installation DISCONNECT SWITCH GROUND TO VEHICLE CHASSIS FUSE OR TO VEHICLE CIRCUIT BREAKER VEHICLE DEEP-CYCLE STARTING AUXILIARY BATTERY BATTERY GROUND TO GROUND TO VEHICLE VEHICLE CHASSIS CHASSIS FUSE OR TO DC LOADS CIRCUIT BREAKER DEEP-CYCLE AUXILIARY BATTERY ISOLATOR FROM ALTERNATOR CHARGER Figure 3-1 DC Input Configuration for Normal Loads 3–2...
  • Page 22 Designing Your Installation TO VEHICLE FROM ALTERNATOR CHARGER GROUND TO VEHICLE VEHICLE CHASSIS STARTING BATTERY BATTERY ISOLATOR FUSE OR FUSE OR CIRCUIT CIRCUIT BREAKER DEEP-CYCLE BREAKER DEEP-CYCLE BATTERY BATTERY GROUND TO BATTERY SELECTOR VEHICLE CHASSIS SWITCH TO DC LOADS DEEP-CYCLE DEEP-CYCLE BATTERY BATTERY...

  • Page 23: Installation Codes

    Installation Installation Codes Governing installation codes vary depending on the location and type of installation. Electrical installations must meet local and national wiring codes and should be performed by a qualified electrician. In residential applications, electrical codes do not allow permanent connection of AC distribution wiring to the inverter’s AC output receptacles.

  • Page 24: Choosing An Appropriate Location

    Designing Your Installation Choosing an Appropriate Location WARNING: Explosion or fire hazard The XM 1800 contains components that may produce arcs or sparks. To prevent fire or explosion, do not install the inverter in compartments containing batteries or flammable materials, or in locations that require Ignition-Protected equipment such as areas containing gasoline engines, tanks, or fuel-line fittings.

  • Page 25: Calculating Cable Sizes

    Installation Calculating Cable Sizes To operate safely and effectively, the XM 1800 needs proper cables and fuses. Because the XM 1800 has low-voltage and high-current input, it is essential that you use low-resistance wiring between the battery and the inverter to deliver the maximum amount of usable energy to your load. For safe and efficient operation, you will need to calculate cable sizes for your: •...

  • Page 26: Sizing The Chassis Ground Cable

    Minimum Cable Size Fuse Size Less than 5 feet (1.5 m) No. 2 AWG 150 ADC XM 1000 Less than 5 feet (1.5 m) No. 2/0 AWG 250 ADC XM 1800 Note: Never use a cable longer than 5 feet (1.5 m) with the XM 1800.

  • Page 27: Calculating Fuse/Circuit Breaker Size

    1. 3. Pick the fuse/circuit breaker’s current rating based on the product used: 150 ADC (XM 1000) or 250 ADC (XM 1800). Fuses can be bought at any marine supply store, RV supply store, or electrical products store.

  • Page 28: Installing The Xm 1800

    Installing the XM 1800 Installing the XM 1800 Do not proceed with the installation of your XM 1800 until you have read the section “Designing Your Installation” on page 3–1. The more thorough your planning, the better your power needs will be met to achieve maximum performance from your XM 1800.
  • Page 29 ❐ Battery isolator (if connecting to a multiple-battery system) ❐ Disconnect/battery selector switch ❐ Optional: 2 × 15 A circuit breakers (XM 1000) or 2 × 20 A circuit breakers (XM 1800), used for hard wiring the AC input and AC output to an existing AC circuit.

  • Page 30: Overview Of Installation Steps

    Installing the XM 1800 Overview of Installation Steps Installing the XM 1800 includes the following steps. 1. Ensure that AC and DC power is off. 2. Mount the inverter 3. Connect the chassis ground 4. Connect AC input (if connecting to an existing AC circuit) 5.

  • Page 31: Connecting The Chassis Ground

    Installation Connecting the Chassis Ground WARNING: Shock hazard Never operate the XM 1800 without properly connecting the chassis ground. An electrical shock hazard could result from improper grounding. The XM 1800 has a ground stud on the side of the unit as shown in Figure 3-3.

  • Page 32: Chassis Ground Stud

    Installing the XM 1800 Chassis Ground Stud Xantrex recommends that you attach the grounding cable to the chassis ground stud with a ring terminal. This procedure will ensure that the wire does not slip off the chassis ground stud. To connect the cable to the chassis ground stud: 1.

  • Page 33: Ac Wiring

    Table 3-3 Required AC wire size vs. required breaker rating Required Breaker Size Required Wire Size 15 A maximum 14 AWG XM 1000 20 A maximum 12 AWG XM 1800 There are two knockouts on the front panel for AC input and output wiring.

  • Page 34: Connecting Ac Input

    AC Wiring When making the AC input and AC output connections, observe the correct color code for the appropriate AC wire, as described in Table 3-4. Table 3-4 Color codes for typical AC wiring Color AC Wire Black Line White Neutral Green or bare copper Ground...
  • Page 35 Installation A separate screw is provided to connect the AC input ground (see Figure 3-5 on page 3–16). AC output AC input ground screw ground screw STATUS Utility Input Voltage (V) Select Battery Input Current (A) Fault Output Power (W) XM1000 AC knockout AC knockout...

  • Page 36: Connecting Ac Output To An Existing Ac Circuit

    Do not connect an AC source (such as a generator or utility power) to the AC wiring output of the XM 1800. The XM 1000 will not operate if its output is connected to AC voltage from another source, and potentially hazardous or damaging conditions may occur.
  • Page 37 Installation WARNING: Shock, fire, and energy hazards Make sure wiring is disconnected from all electrical sources before handling. All wiring must be done in accordance with local and national electrical wiring codes. Do not connect the output leads of the inverter to any incoming AC source.
  • Page 38 AC Wiring CAUTION: Reverse polarity Improper connections (connecting a line conductor to a neutral conductor, for example) will cause the XM 1800 to malfunction and may permanently damage the inverter. Damage caused by a reverse polarity connection is not covered by your warranty.
  • Page 39 Installation Note: Do NOT connect the AC OUT Neutral and Line to the TO DC LOADS AC IN Neutral and Line. CAUTION! Do not connect the AC OUT to any other source of power. Damage to unit may occur. GENERATOR INVERTER SUBPANEL MAIN AC PANEL TRANSFER SWITCH...
  • Page 40 AC Wiring Note: Do NOT connect the AC OUT Neutral and Line to the TO DC LOADS AC IN Neutral and Line. CAUTION! Do not connect the AC OUT to any other source of power. Damage to unit may occur. GENERATOR MAIN AC PANEL TRANSFER SWITCH...

  • Page 41: Connecting The Dc Cables

    Installation Connecting the DC Cables Consult Figure 3-1, “DC Input Configuration for Normal Loads” on page 3– 2, or, Figure 3-2, “DC Input Configuration for Heavy Loads” on page 3–3, for additional details that are specific to your installation. To connect the DC cables: 1.
  • Page 42 Connecting the DC Cables 10. Attach the connector on the positive cable to the positive DC terminal on the inverter. 11. Install the lock washer and nut that are supplied with the inverter. Tighten the nut to a torque of 108–120 in-lbf (12.2–13.6 N-m). Make the connection snug enough so the ring terminal does not move around on the DC terminal, but do not overtighten.

  • Page 43: Testing Your Installation

    Installation 14. Install the lock washer and nut that are supplied. Tighten the nut to a torque of 108–120 in-lbf (12.2–13.6 N-m). Make the connection snug enough so the ring terminal does not move around on the DC terminal, but do not overtighten. 15.

  • Page 44: Testing In Shore Power Mode

    Testing Your Installation 4. Turn the appliance on to verify that it operates. If the appliance operates, your installation is successful. If your installation has AC input and output hardwired to the XM 1800, proceed to “Testing in Shore Power Mode”. If the status LED on the display panel glows red, see the Troubleshooting chapter.

  • Page 45: Installing The Remote Panel

    You can detach and reinstall the remote panel to monitor and operate the XM 1800 up to 25 feet (7.62 m) away from the unit. RJ11 jack XM 1000 shown Figure 3-8 XM 1800 with Remote Panel Removed To install the remote panel in another location, you will need the following tools and materials: •...
  • Page 46 Installing the Remote Panel 5. Using a jigsaw or other suitable tool, make a hole in the wall or bulkhead into which to insert the remote panel. The hole should measure 3 1/4 inches (83 mm) across by 1 1/3 inches (33 mm) high, with at least 1 1/2 inches (40 mm) of depth to allow space for the remote panel cord to bend.
  • Page 47 3–28...

  • Page 48: Operation

    Operation Chapter 4 explains how to operate the XM 1800 efficiently and effectively. Specifically, this chapter: • Gives procedures for operating the inverter from the remote panel • Discusses operating limits and inverter loads • Discusses battery charging frequency • Provides information about routine maintenance.

  • Page 49: Front Panel Operation

    Front Panel Operation The XM 1800 features a remote control panel with three-digit LED display to show inverter, AC source, and battery status information. XM 1000 panel shown Figure 4-1 XM 1800 Remote Panel Table 4-1 Remote Panel Features Feature Description On/Off button.

  • Page 50: Operating In Shore Power Mode

    Operating in Shore Power Mode Operating in Shore Power Mode The XM 1800 is in shore power mode when an AC source (a generator or utility power) is present to power the appliances connected to the XM 1800. The status LED glows green to indicate that the XM 1800 is using utility (or generator) power.

  • Page 51: Checking Battery Status

    Turning the Inverter Off When Not Used The XM 1800, on average, draws less than 0.5 A (XM 1000) or 0.7 A (XM 1800) from the battery when the inverter is on with no load connected. However, when it is left in this state the XM 1800 will eventually discharge the battery.

  • Page 52: Operating Limits

    Operating Limits Operating Limits Power Output The XM 1800 can deliver up to 1000 watts (XM 1000) or 1800 watts (XM 1800) continuous power. The wattage rating applies to resistive loads such as incandescent lights. Input Voltage The allowable XM 1800 input voltage ranges are shown in the following...

  • Page 53: Inverter Loads

    Inverter Loads The XM 1800 will operate most AC loads within its power rating of 1000 watts (XM 1000) or 1800 watts (XM 1800). However, some appliances and equipment may be difficult to operate, and other appliances may actually be damaged if you try to operate them with the XM 1800. Please read “High Surge Loads”...

  • Page 54: Over-Temperature Conditions

    Over-temperature Conditions If you are unsure about operating any device with the XM 1800, Important: contact the manufacturer of the device. Over-temperature Conditions When the XM 1800 senses its internal temperature approaching its limit, the alarm beeps every two seconds and the display shows fault code E07 alternating with “OtA”.
  • Page 55 4–8...

  • Page 56: Troubleshooting

    Troubleshooting Chapter 5 will help you identify the source of most problems that can occur with the XM 1800. If you experience a problem with the inverter that is not described in this chapter, please visit www.xantrex.com/support.asp and check the FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) for your product.

  • Page 57: Common Problems

    Troubleshooting Common Problems Buzz in Audio Equipment Some inexpensive stereo systems may emit a buzzing noise from their loudspeakers when operated from the XM 1800. This occurs because the power supply in the audio system does not adequately filter the modified sine wave produced by the inverter.
  • Page 58 Understanding Fault Codes Table 5-1 Fault Codes Fault Status Code Description Solution Yellow Under-voltage Check the connections and cable to see if the battery is fully warning charged. Recharge the battery if it is low. Reduce the load. Under-voltage Disconnect the load and recharge the battery. shutdown Over-voltage Make sure the XM 1800 is connected to a 12 V battery.

  • Page 59: Troubleshooting Reference

    Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Reference WARNING: Electrical shock and burn hazard Do not disassemble the XM 1800. It does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Attempting to service the unit yourself could result in an electrical shock or burn. Table 5-2 Troubleshooting Reference Problem Possible Cause Solution...
  • Page 60 Troubleshooting Reference Table 5-2 Troubleshooting Reference Problem Possible Cause Solution No output voltage. The status Low input voltage (fault Recharge the battery; check the LED is red. code E02) connections and cable. High input voltage (fault Make sure the XM 1800 is connected to a code E03) 12 V battery.
  • Page 61 5–6...

  • Page 62: Electrical Performance

    Specifications Appendix A contains electrical performance and physical specifications for the XM 1000 and XM 1800. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Electrical Performance XM 1000 XM 1800 Output power at 77 º F (25 ºC) ambient temperature and 12 VDC input: •...

  • Page 63: Physical Specifications

    Specifications Physical Specifications XM 1000 XM 1800 Length 12 13/16 inches (326 mm) 14 9/16 inches (370 mm) Width (including 9 inches (230 mm) mounting flanges) Height 4 inches (102 mm) Weight 7.5 lb (3.4 kg) 10.8 lb (4.9 kg) A–2...

  • Page 64: Mounting Dimensions

    Mounting Dimensions Mounting Dimensions Figure A-1 XM 1800 Mounting Dimensions 975-0263-01-01 A–3...
  • Page 65 Specifications Figure A-2 XM 1000 Mounting Dimensions A–4 975-0263-01-01...

  • Page 66: B Battery Types

    Battery Types The information in Chapter B will help you to select, connect, and maintain batteries that are most appropriate for your application. The batteries that you use strongly affect the performance of the XM 1800. It is important to connect the inverter to the correct size and type of battery.

  • Page 67: Deep-Cycle Batteries

    Battery Types Deep-Cycle Batteries Deep-cycle batteries are designed for deep discharge service where they will be repeatedly discharged and recharged. They are marketed for use in recreational vehicles, boats, and electric golf carts—so you may see them referred to as RV batteries, marine batteries, or golf cart batteries. For most applications of the XM 1800, Xantrex recommends that you use one or more deep-cycle batteries that are separated from the vehicle’s starting battery by a battery isolator.
  • Page 68 Battery Size Battery Reserve Battery reserve capacity is a measure of how long a battery can deliver a Capacity certain amount of current—usually 25 amps. For example, a battery with a reserve capacity of 180 minutes can deliver 25 amps for 180 minutes before it is completely discharged.

  • Page 69: Estimating Battery Requirements

    Battery Types Estimating Battery Requirements To determine how much battery capacity you need: 1. Determine how many watts are consumed by each appliance that you will operate from the XM 1800. You can normally find the watt rating labelled on the product. If only the current draw is given, multiply it by 115 to get the power consumption in watts.

  • Page 70: Battery Sizing Worksheet

    Estimating Battery Requirements This example illustrates how quickly your battery needs can escalate. To reduce the required battery size, you can conserve energy by eliminating or reducing the use of some loads or by re-charging more frequently. When sizing your battery, resist the temptation to skip the last step of this calculation (multiplying by 2).

  • Page 71: Using Multiple Batteries

    Battery Types Using Multiple Batteries As your power requirements increase, you may need to use more than one battery to obtain sufficient capacity. Read “Two Batteries Connected In Parallel” and “Two Separate Battery Banks” to determine whether two batteries or two battery banks are more appropriate for your applications. Two Batteries Connected In Parallel Two identical batteries can be connected positive (+) to positive (+) and negative (–) to negative (–) in a parallel system.

  • Page 72: Battery Tips

    Battery Tips Battery Tips WARNING Review “Precautions When Working With Batteries” on page vii before you work with the batteries in your system. Explosive/ Lead-acid batteries may emit hydrogen gases, oxygen, and sulfuric acid Corrosive fumes when recharging. To reduce the risk of explosion: Gases •...
  • Page 73 Battery Types Battery Connections to battery posts must be made with permanent connectors Connections that provide a reliable, low-resistance connection. Do not use alligator clips. Clean the connections regularly and prevent corrosion by using a protective spray coating or Vaseline. Battery State of You can measure battery state of charge with a hydrometer or Charge...

  • Page 74: C Alternators And Charging Systems

    Alternators and Charging Systems Appendix C provides guidelines for recharging batteries from an alternator, from AC power, and from alternate energy sources. A good charging system is important for the health of your batteries. Poor recharging methods can quickly damage batteries. Charging System Requirements Your charging system should be capable of delivering a charging current equal to 25% of the amp-hour capacity of your battery.

  • Page 75: Charging With An Engine Alternator

    Alternators and Charging Systems Charging With an Engine Alternator Read the following information to determine whether your vehicle’s standard alternator will be adequate by itself, whether you should install an alternator controller, or whether you need a high-output alternator. Using a Standard Vehicle Alternator A typical engine alternator (12 volts) may not be able to meet the requirements outlined above if your system uses large capacity batteries.

  • Page 76: Charging From Ac Power

    Charging From AC Power Charging From AC Power When recharging from AC power, use a good quality battery charger or RV converter that meets the requirements outlined in “Charging System Requirements” on page C–1. For information about Xantrex’s battery chargers, visit our web site at www.xantrex.com.
  • Page 77 C–4...

  • Page 78: Warranty And Return Information

    (“Xantrex”) and covers defects in workmanship and materials in your Xantrex PRO Inverter (XM 1800 or XM 1000). This warranty period lasts for 1 year from the date of purchase at the point of sale to you, the original end user customer. You require proof of purchase to make warranty claims.
  • Page 79 Warranty and Return What does this warranty not cover? This Limited Warranty does not cover normal wear and tear of the product or costs related to the removal, installation, or troubleshooting of the customer's electrical systems. This warranty does not apply to and Xantrex will not be responsible for any defect in or damage to: a) the product if it has been misused, neglected, improperly installed, physically damaged or altered, either internally or externally, or damaged from improper use or use in an unsuitable environment;...

  • Page 80: Return Material Authorization Policy

    Warranty and Return Warning: Limitations On Use Please note that the Xantrex PRO Inverter is not intended for use as an uninterruptible power supply and Xantrex makes no warranty or representation in connection with any use of the product for such purposes.

  • Page 81: Out Of Warranty Service

    As soon as you open your Xantrex PRO Inverter package, record the following information and be sure to keep your proof of purchase. ❐ Product Numbers 806-1010 (XM 1000), 806-1810 (XM 1800) ❐ Serial Number (on DC end) _________________________________ ❐ Purchased From _________________________________ ❐...

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