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Vaisala WXT510 User Manual

Vaisala WXT510 User Manual

Weather transmitter
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Weather Transmitter
WXT510
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UIDE
M210470EN-B
January 2005

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  • Page 1 Weather Transmitter WXT510 UIDE M210470EN-B January 2005...
  • Page 2 PUBLISHED BY Vaisala Oyj Phone (int.): +358 9 8949 1 P.O. Box 26 Fax: +358 9 8949 2227 FIN-00421 Helsinki Finland Visit our Internet pages at http://www.vaisala.com/ © Vaisala 2005 No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents be communicated to a third party without prior written permission of the copyright holder.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Trademarks ................9 License Agreement ..............9 Warranty ..................9 CHAPTER 2 PRODUCT OVERVIEW................10 Weather Transmitter WXT510 ..........10 Optional software for easy settings ........10 Heating function ..............10 WXT510 Transmitter components ........11 CHAPTER 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION..............12 Wind measurement principle ..........
  • Page 4 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Data communication interfaces ..........27 CHAPTER 6 COMMUNICATION SETTINGS..............28 Communication protocols .............28 Service cable connection ............29 Communication setting commands........30 Checking the current communication settings (aXU) ..30 Setting fields ................30 Changing the communication settings ........32 CHAPTER 7 GETTING THE DATA MESSAGES..............34 General Commands..............34 Reset (aXZ) .................34 Precipitation counter reset (aXZRU) ........35...
  • Page 5 _________________________________________________________________________________ Setting fields................ 67 Changing the settings ............68 Pressure, temperature and humidity sensors..... 70 Checking the settings ............70 Setting fields................ 71 Changing the settings ............71 Precipitation sensor............... 73 Checking the settings ............73 Setting fields................ 74 Changing the settings ............75 Supervisor message ..............
  • Page 6 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Communication protocol............94 ASCII, polled................94 NMEA 0183 v3.0, query ............95 NMEA 0183 v3.0 query with ASCII query commands..97 APPENDIX B SDI-12 PROTOCOL..................99 SDI-12 Electrical Interface...........99 SDI-12 Communications Protocol ........99 SDI-12 Timing..............100 APPENDIX C CRC-16 COMPUTATION ................102 Encoding the CRC as ASCII Characters......102 NMEA 0183 v3.0 Checksum computation ......103 6 ____________________________________________________________________ M210470EN-B...

  • Page 7: Chapter 1 General Information

    Chapter 1 _________________________________________________________ General Information CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION Feedback Vaisala Customer Documentation Team welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this publication. If you find errors or have other suggestions for improvement, please indicate the chapter, section, and page number. You can send comments to us by e-mail: manuals@vaisala.com Safety...

  • Page 8: Product Related Safety Precautions

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Product Related Safety Precautions The WXT510 delivered to you has been tested for safety and approved as shipped from the factory. Note the following precautions: WARNING Ground the product, and verify outdoor installation grounding periodically to minimize shock hazard.

  • Page 9: Trademarks

    Chapter 1 _________________________________________________________ General Information Trademarks     WINDCAP , RAINCAP , HUMICAP , BAROCAP  THERMOCAP are registered trademarks of Vaisala. Microsoft , Windows , and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. License Agreement All rights to any software are held by Vaisala or third parties.

  • Page 10: Chapter 2 Product Overview

    WXT510 powers up with 5...30 VDC and outputs serial data with a selectable communication protocol: SDI-12, ASCII automatic & polled and NMEA 0183 with query option. Four alternative serial interfaces are selectable: RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 and SDI-12.

  • Page 11: Wxt510 Transmitter Components

    Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview WXT510 Transmitter components Wind transducers Top of the Precipitation sensor transmitter Pressure sensor Radiation shield module Humidity/temperature sensor Bottom of the Screw cover transmitter Bottom of the transmitter Service port Radiation shield Cable gland (water tight)

  • Page 12: Functional Description

    CHAPTER 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Wind measurement principle  The WXT510 uses Vaisala WINDCAP sensor technology in wind measurement. The wind sensor has an array of three equally spaced ultrasonic transducers on a horizontal plane. Wind speed and wind directions are determined by measuring the time it takes the ultrasound to travel from each transducer to the other two.

  • Page 13: Precipitation Measurement Principle

    The wind speed is represented as a scalar speed in selected units (m/s, kt, mph, km/h). The wind direction is expressed in degrees ). The wind direction reported by WXT510 indicates the direction that the wind comes from. North is represented as 0 , east as 90 , south as 180 , and west as 270 .

  • Page 14: Ptu Measurement Principle

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ - Precipitation Start/End mode: Transmitter sends automatically a precipitation message 10 seconds after the recognition of the first drop. The messages are sent continuously as the precipitation proceeds and stopped when the precipitation ends. - Tipping bucket mode: This mode emulates tipping bucket type precipitation sensors.
  • Page 15 Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description sensor and inside the wind transducers. A temperature sensor underneath the precipitation sensor monitors the need for heating. The three fixed temperature limits control the heating power as follows: temperature (Th) > +3 C: heating is off -2 C <...

  • Page 16: Chapter 4 Installation

    WARNING To protect personnel (and the device), a lightning rod should be installed with the tip at least one meter above the WXT510. The rod must be properly grounded, compliant with all local applicable safety regulations. 16 ___________________________________________________________________ M210470EN-B...

  • Page 17: Assembling The Wxt510

    Protective cap Fixing screw (3 pcs) Installation Procedure At the measurement site, WXT510 needs to be mounted, aligned, and connected to the data logger and the power source. Mounting Weather Transmitter WXT510 can be mounted either onto a vertical pole mast or onto a horizontal cross arm. When mounting WXT510 onto a pole mast, an optional mounting kit can be used to ease mounting.

  • Page 18: Mounting To A Vertical Pole Mast

    Weather Transmitter WXT510 must be installed to an upright, vertical position. Mounting to a vertical pole mast 1. Remove the screw cover and insert the WXT510 to the pole mast. 2. Align the transmitter in such a way that the arrow points to north, see page 20.

  • Page 19: Mounting To A Horizontal Cross Arm

    Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Turn firmly until adapter is locked. Insert the mounting adapter. Mounting kit (optional) Pole mast Fixing screw (provided) Mounting to a horizontal cross arm 1. Remove the screw cover. 2. Align the horizontal cross arm in south-north-direction, see page In case the cross arm cannot be aligned, make the wind direction correction as instructed on page 21.

  • Page 20: Aligning The Wxt510

    Compass Alignment To align Weather Transmitter WXT510, proceed as follows: 1. If the WXT510 is already mounted, loosen the fixing screw on the bottom of the transmitter so that you can rotate the device. 2. Use a compass to determine that the transducer heads of WXT510 are exactly in line with the compass and that the arrow on the bottom of WXT510 points to the north.

  • Page 21: Wind Direction Correction

    3. Feed the deviation angle to the device by using the wind message formatting command aWU, D (direction correction), see page 66. 4. From now on, the WXT510 transmits the wind direction data by using the changed zero-alignment. NORTH...

  • Page 22: Chapter 5 Wiring

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 5 WIRING The WXT510 can be accessed through four different serial interfaces: RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 and SDI-12. Each of them can be wired either through the internal screw terminal or the 8-pin M12 connector (optional). Only one serial interface can be used at a time Cover the unused cable openings (in the transmitter bottom) with the hexagonal rubber plugs included in the accessories.
  • Page 23 12 VDC ± 20 % (max 1.1 A) 24 VDC ± 20 % (max 0.6 A) At approx. 16V heating voltage level the WXT510 automatically changes the heating element combination in order to consume equal power with 12 VDC and 24 VDC supplies. Input resistance (R ) is radically increased with voltages above 16V (see the graph below).

  • Page 24: Wiring By Using The Screw Terminals

    Bottom part of the transmitter (inside view) Screw terminal block Short-circuit jumpers are required between pins 1-3 and 2-4 for the 2-wire RS-485 communication mode. Table 1. Screw Terminal Pin-outs for WXT510 Serial Interfaces and Power Supplies. Screw RS-232 SDI-12 RS-485...

  • Page 25: Wiring By Using The 8-Pin M12 Connector (Optional)

    (optional) External wiring If the WXT510 is provided with an optional 8-pin M12 connector, the connector is located on the bottom of the transmitter, see picture on page 11. The pins of the 8-pin M12 connector as seen from outside the transmitter are illustrated in the following figure.

  • Page 26: Internal Wiring

    Rx and Tx lines are separate at the M12 connector. Note, the true SDI- 12 line requires that the Rx and Tx wires are joined together (outside the WXT510). See the interface diagrams on the next page. Bidirectional use of the RS-485 and RS-422 i/f requires a proper adapter module between the PC and the WXT510.

  • Page 27: Data Communication Interfaces

    Chapter 5 ____________________________________________________________________ Wiring Data communication interfaces RS-232 RS-485 D9 (pin number) Data - Data + PC RD (2) PC TD (3) PC GND (5) SDI-12 RS-422 Data in - Data in + Data in/out Data out - Data out + At this point, with separate Rx and Tx, the interface can be...

  • Page 28: Communication Settings

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 6 COMMUNICATION SETTINGS Communication protocols As soon as the WXT510 has been properly connected and powered the data transmission can be started. The communication protocols available in each of the serial interfaces are shown in the following table.

  • Page 29: Service Cable Connection

    (see picture on page 11) by using a service cable. Service cable (included in 2. Power-up the WXT510 with a 9V battery attached to the service the WXT Configuration cable or by using the screw terminals/M12 connector.

  • Page 30: Communication Setting Commands

    Hereafter the commands to be typed are presented in normal text NOTE while the responses of the transmitter are presented in italic. Checking the current communication settings (aXU) With this command you can request the current communication settings of the WXT510. aXU<cr><lf> Command format in and NMEA 0183: ASCII aXXU!
  • Page 31 Defines the delay between the last character of the query and the first character of the response message from the WXT510. During the delay, the line is not reserved. Effective in ASCII, polled and NMEA 0183 query protocols. Effective when RS- 485 is selected (C=3).

  • Page 32: Changing The Communication Settings

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0): 0XU<cr><lf> 0XU,A=0,M=P,T=0,C=2,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25,N=WXT510,V= 1.00<cr><lf> Example (SDI-12, device address 0): 0XXU!0XXU,A=0,M=S,T=0,C=1,B=1200,D=7,P=E,S=1,L=25,N=WXT5 10,V=1.00<cr><lf> Changing the communication settings Make the desired setting with the following command. Select the correct value/letter for the setting fields, see page 30. See also the examples.
  • Page 33 Changing the device address from 0 to 1: 0XU,A=1<cr><lf> 1XU,A=1<cr><lf> Checking the changed settings: 1XU<cr><lf> 1XU,A=1,M=P,T=1,C=2,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25,N=WXT510,V= 1.00<cr><lf> Example (ASCII, device address 0): Changing RS-232 serial interface with ASCII, polled communication protocol and baud settings 19200, 8, N, 1 to RS-485 serial interface with ASCII, automatic protocol and baud settings 9600, 8, N, 1.

  • Page 34: Getting The Data Messages

    Type commands in CAPITAL letters. General Commands In case the error messaging is disabled (see Supervisor message), the WXT510 does not respond to the general commands given in ASCII and NMEA-formats. Reset (aXZ) This command is used to perform software reset on the device.

  • Page 35: Precipitation Counter Reset (Axzru)

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages Example (ASCII): 0XZ<cr><lf> 0TX,Start-up<cr><lf> Example (SDI-12): (=device address) 0XZ!0 Example (NMEA 0183): <cr><lf> $WITXT,01,01,07,Start-up*29 Precipitation counter reset (aXZRU) This command is used to reset the precipitation sensor counters. aXZRU<cr><lf> Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXZRU! Command format in SDI-12: where...

  • Page 36: Measurement Reset (Axzm)

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Example (NMEA 0183): 0XZRU<cr><lf> $WITXT,01,01,10,Rain reset*26<cr><lf> Measurement reset (aXZM) This command is used to interrupt all ongoing measurements of the transmitter and start them from the beginning. Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXZM<cr><lf> aXZM! Command format in SDI-12: where Device address (default= 0) = Measurement break command...

  • Page 37: Ascii Protocol, Polled (Without Crc)

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages ASCII protocol, polled (without CRC) This section presents the data commands and data message formats for the ASCII communication protocols. Abbreviations and units For changing the units, see Chapter 8 Sensor and data message settings.

  • Page 38: Device Address (?)

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Device address (?) This command is used to query the address of the device on the bus. ?<cr><lf> Command format: where Device address query command <cr><lf> = Command terminator The response: b<cr><lf> where Device address (default=0) <cr><lf> Response terminator.

  • Page 39: Wind Data Message (Ar1)

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages Wind data message (aR1) With this command you can request the wind data message. aR1<cr><lf> Command format: where Device address (default = 0) Wind message query command <cr><lf> Command terminator Example of the response (the parameter set is configurable): 0R1,Dn=236D,Dm=283D,Dx=031D,Sn=0.0M,Sm=1.0M,Sx=2.2M<cr><...

  • Page 40: Precipitation Data Message (Ar3)

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ where Device address (default=0) Pressure, temperature and humidity message query command <cr><lf> Command terminator Example of the response (the parameter set is configurable): 0R2,Ta=23.6C,Ua=14.2P,Pa=1026.6H<cr><lf> where Device address Pressure, temperature and humidity query command Air temperature (C = C) Relative humidity (P = % RH) Air pressure (H = hPa) Response terminator...

  • Page 41: Supervisor Data Message (Ar5)

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages where Device address Precipitation message query command Rain accumulation (M = mm) Rain duration (s = s) Rain intensity (M = mm/h) Hail accumulation (M = hits/cm Hail duration (s = s) Hail intensity (M = hits/cm <cr><lf>...

  • Page 42: Combined Data Message (Ar)

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ To change the parameters and units in the response message and to make other settings, see Chapter 8, section Supervisor message. Combined data message (aR) With this command you can request all individual messages aR1, aR2, aR3 and aR5 with just one command. aR<cr><lf>...

  • Page 43: Ascii Protocol, Polled (With Crc)

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages Example of the response (the parameters included can be chosen from the full parameter set of the commands aR1, aR2, aR3 and aR5): 0R0,Dx=005D,Sx=2.8M,Ta=23.0C,Ua=30.0P,Pa=1028.2H,Hd =0.00M,Rd=10s,Th=23.6C<cr><lf> For selecting the parameter set in the response message, see Chapter 8 Sensor and data message settings.
  • Page 44 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ NOTE The correct CRC for each command can be asked by typing a command with an arbitrary three character CRC. Example of asking the CRC for the wind data message query 0r1 (the device address is 0): 0r1yyy<cr><lf>...

  • Page 45: Ascii Protocol, Automatic

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages ASCII protocol, automatic When ASCII, automatic protocol is selected the transmitter sends data messages at user configurable update intervals. The message as with data query commands aR1, aR2, aR3 and aR5. You can choose an individual update interval for each sensor, see Chapter 8, sections Changing the settings.

  • Page 46: Send Identification Command (Ai)

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ The response: <cr><lf> where Device address (default = 0) <cr><lf> Response terminator Example: 0!0<cr><lf> Send identification command (aI) This command is used to the query device for the SDI-12 compatibility level, model number, and firmware version and serial number.

  • Page 47: Address Query Command (?)

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages Address query command (?) This command is used to query the address of the device on the bus. If more than one sensor is connected to the bus, they will all respond, causing a bus collision. Command format: where Address query command...

  • Page 48: Start Measurement Command (Am)

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ The response: b<cr><lf> where Device address = the new address (or the original address, if the device is unable to change it) <cr><lf> Response terminator Example (changing address from 0 to 3): 0A3!3<cr><lf> Start measurement command (aM) This command asks the device to make a measurement.
  • Page 49 Chapter 8, Sensor and data message settings. NOTE When the measurement takes less than one second, the response part 2 is not sent. In the WXT510 this is the case in the precipitation measurement aM3. NOTE The maximum number of parameters that can be measured with aM command is 9.

  • Page 50: Start Concurrent Measurement (Ac)

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Start concurrent measurement (aC) This command is used when there are several devices on the same bus and simultaneous measurements are needed from the devices. Or if more than 9 measurement parameters are requested from the single device.

  • Page 51: Send Data Command (Ad)

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages Start concurrent measurement with CRC (aCC) aCCx! Command format: This command has the same function than aCx but a three character CRC is added to the response data strings before <cr><lf>. In order to request the measured data, Send data command aD should be used, see the following sections.

  • Page 52: Examples Of Am, Ac And Ad Commands

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ where Device address (default =0) <data fields> = The measured parameters in selected units, separated with '+' marks (or - marks in case of negative parameter values). <cr><lf> Response terminator NOTE aD0 command can also be used to break the measurement in progress started with commands aM, aMC, aC or aCC.
  • Page 53 Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages (measurement ready in 5 seconds and 3 0C2!000503<cr><lf> parameters available, device address not sent as a sign of a completed measurement) 0D0!0+23.6+29.5+1009.5<cr><lf> Example 3: Start a precipitation measurement and request the data: (6 parameters available immediately, thus the 0M3!00006<cr><lf>...

  • Page 54: Continuous Measurement (Arx)

    A sensor able to continuously monitor the phenomena to be measured does not require a start measurement command aM. The data can be read instantly with the command aRx. In case of the WXT510 only the precipitation data can be retrieved using continuous measurement. aRx!

  • Page 55: Continuous Measurement With Crc (Arc)

    Example (device address 0): 0RC3!0+0.04+10+14.8+0.0+0+0.0INy Start verification command (aV) This command is used to query self diagnostic data from the device. However, the command is not implemented in the WXT510. The self- diagnostic data can be requested with aM5 command. VAISALA________________________________________________________________________ 55...

  • Page 56: Nmea 0183 V3.0 Protocol

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ NMEA 0183 V3.0 protocol This section presents the data query commands and data message formats for the NMEA 0183 v3.0 Query and automatic protocols. For changing the message parameters, units and other settings, see Chapter 8, Sensor and data message settings. A two character checksum (CRC) field is transmitted in all data request sentences.

  • Page 57: Mwv Wind Speed And Direction Query

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages where <cr><lf> Command terminator The response: <cr><lf> where Device address (default = 0) <cr><lf> Response terminator Example: <cr><lf> 0<cr><lf> MWV wind speed and direction query Request the wind speed and direction data with a MWV query command.

  • Page 58: Xdr Transducer Measurement Query

    Wind sensor. The checksum to be typed in the query depends on the device identifier characters. The correct checksum can be asked from the WXT510 by typing any three characters after the $--WIQ,MWV command. Example: Typing the command $--WIQ,MWVxxx<cr><lf> (xxx arbitrary characters) the WXT510 responds $WITXT,01,01,08,Use chksum 2F*72<cr><lf>...
  • Page 59 A two character CRC for the response. <cr><lf> Response terminator NMEA-format transmits only numbers as transducer ids. If the WXT510 address is given as a letter, it will be shown as a number (0...9, A=10,B=11, a=36, b=37 etc.). VAISALA________________________________________________________________________ 59...
  • Page 60 A for rainfall and A+1 for hails. E.g. for a WXT510 with device address 0 the transducer ids of all the measurement parameters are as follows: Measurement transducer id...
  • Page 61 Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages Heating temperature Supply voltage Heating voltage 3.5V reference voltage Example of the XDR Query (all parameters of each sensor enabled and NMEA wind formatter set to T): $--WIQ,XDR*2D<cr><lf> Example of the response when all the parameters of each sensor are enabled (NMEA wind formatter set to T): $WIXDR,A,302,D,0,A,320,D,1,A,330,D,2,S,0.1,M,0,S,0.2,M,1 Wind sensor data...
  • Page 62 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ The structure of the wind sensor response message: where Start of the message Device type (WI=weather instrument) Transducer measurement response identifier Transducer id 0 type (wind direction), see the following Transducer table Transducer id 0 data (min wind direction) Transducer id 0 units (degrees, min wind direction) Transducer id for min wind direction Transducer id 1 type (wind direction)
  • Page 63 Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages where Transducer id for Tp internal temperature Transducer id 0 type (Humidity) 50.1 Transducer id 0 data (Humidity) Transducer id 0 units (%, Humidity) Transducer id for Humidity Transducer id 0 type (Pressure) 1009.1 Transducer id 0 data (Pressure) Transducer id 0 units (hPa, Pressure)
  • Page 64 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ where Start of the message Device type (WI=weather instrument) Transducer measurement response identifier Transducer id 2 type (temperature), see the following Transducer table 25.5 Transducer id 2 data (Heating temperature) Transducer id 2 units (C, Heating temperature) Transducer id for Heating temperature Transducer id 0 type (voltage) 10.6...

  • Page 65: Txt Text Transmission

    Chapter 7 ___________________________________________________ Getting the data messages TXT text transmission These short text messages and their interpretation are shown in Error messaging /Text messages table, on page 83. The text transmission response format: $WITXT,xx,xx,xx,c--c*hh<cr><lf> where Start of the message Talker identifier (WI=weather instrument) Text transmission identifier.

  • Page 66: Sensor And Data Message Settings

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 8 SENSOR AND DATA MESSAGE SETTINGS In this chapter the sensor configuration and data message formatting commands are presented for all communication protocols: ASCII, NMEA 0183 and SDI-12. Sensor and data message settings can also be done by using the WXT Configuration Tool software.With this software tool you can change ®...

  • Page 67: Setting Fields

    Chapter 8 _____________________________________________ Sensor and data message settings where [R][I][A][U][D][N] are the setting fields, see the following sections. Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0): <cr><lf> <cr><lf> 0WU,R=01001000&00100100,I=60,A=10,U=N,D=-90,N=W Example (SDI-12, device address 0): 0XWU!0XWU,R=11111100&01001000,I=10,A=3,U=M,D=0,N=W< cr><lf> Setting fields = Parameter selection: This field consists of 16 bits defining the wind parameters included in the data messages.

  • Page 68: Changing The Settings

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ syntax), W= MWV (Wind speed and angle) Determines whether the wind message in NMEA 0183 (automatic) is sent in XDR or MWV format. <cr><lf> = Response terminator When using MWV wind messages in NMEA 0183, one of the R field's bits NOTE 1-6 must be 1.
  • Page 69 Chapter 8 _____________________________________________ Sensor and data message settings NOTE If averaging time [A] is greater than update interval [I], it shall be a whole multiple of the update interval and at maximum 12 times greater. Example: If I = 5 s, Amax = 60 s. Examples (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0): You need 20 seconds averaging time for wind speed and direction data to be available both in wind data message and composite message...

  • Page 70: Pressure, Temperature And Humidity Sensors

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Pressure, temperature and humidity sensors Checking the settings With this command you can check the current p ressure, temperature and sensor settings. humidity aTU<cr><lf> Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXTU! Command format in SDI-12: where = Device address (default = 0) = Pressure, temperature and humidity sensor settings ASCII and NMEA 0183...

  • Page 71: Setting Fields

    Chapter 8 _____________________________________________ Sensor and data message settings Setting fields = Parameter selection: This field consists of 16 bits defining the PTU parameters included in the data messages. The bit value 0 disables and the bit value 1 enables the parameter. The parameter order is shown in the following table: 1st bit (most left) Air pressure...
  • Page 72 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ - Temperature unit Make the desired setting with the following command. Select the correct value/letter for the setting fields, see page 67. See also the examples ! Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aTU,R=x,I=x,P=x,H=x<cr><lf> Command format in SDI-12: aXTU,R=x,I=x,P=x,H=x! where R, I, P, T...

  • Page 73: Precipitation Sensor

    Chapter 8 _____________________________________________ Sensor and data message settings <cr><lf> 0XTU,U=F!0 In SDI-12 mode a separate enquiry (0XTU!) must be given to check the data content. Precipitation sensor Checking the settings With this command you can check the current p recipitation sensor settings.

  • Page 74: Setting Fields

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Setting fields [R] = Parameter selection: This field consists of 16 bits defining the precipitation parameters included in the data messages. The bit value 0 disables and the bit value 1 enables the parameter. The parameter order is shown in the following table: 1st bit (most left) Rc Rain amount The bits 1-8 determine the parameters...

  • Page 75: Changing The Settings

    Chapter 8 _____________________________________________ Sensor and data message settings precipitation message 10 seconds after the first recognition of precipitation. Rain duration Rd increases in 10 s steps. Precipitation has ended when Ri = 0. This mode is used for indication of the start and the end of the precipitation.
  • Page 76 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ - Counter reset Make the desired setting with the following command. Select the correct value/letter for the setting fields, see page 74. See the examples ! Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aRU,R=x,I=x, U=x,S=x,M=x,Z=x<cr><lf> Command format in SDI-12: aXRU,R=x,I=x,U=x,S=x,M=x,Z=x! where = The...

  • Page 77: Supervisor Message

    Chapter 8 _____________________________________________ Sensor and data message settings Supervisor message Checking the settings With this command you can check the current supervisor settings. aSU<cr><lf> Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXSU! Command format in SDI-12: where Device address (default = 0) Supervisor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Supervisor settings command in SDI-12...
  • Page 78 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ 1st bit (most left) Th Heating temperature 2nd bit Vh Heating voltage The bits 1-8 determine the parameters 3rd bit Vs Supply voltage included in the message obtained with the 4th bit Vr 3.5 V reference voltage following commands: 5th bit spare...

  • Page 79: Changing The Settings

    Chapter 8 _____________________________________________ Sensor and data message settings Changing the settings You can change the following settings: - Parameters included in the supervisor data message - Update interval - Error messaging on/off - Heating control Make the desired setting with the following command. Select the correct value/letter for the setting fields, see page 77.

  • Page 80: Composite Message

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Composite message The parameters to be included in the composite message aR0 can be defined in the parameter selection fields of each parameter (aWU,R, aTU,R, aRU,R and aSU,R). See parameter tables of each sensor in the previous sections. See the following examples. NOTE When changing the bits 9-16 of the parametrer selection of any sensor, the command can be shortened by replacing the bits 1-8 with...

  • Page 81: Chapter 9 Maintenance

    Cleaning To ensure the accuracy of measurement results, Weather Transmitter WXT510 should be cleaned when it gets contaminated. Leaves and other such particles should be removed from the precipitation sensor and the transmitter should be cleaned carefully with a soft, lint-free cloth moistened with mild detergent.

  • Page 82: Factory Calibration And Repair Service

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Factory calibration and repair service Send the device to Vaisala Instruments Service Centre for calibration and adjustment, see contact information below. Vaisala Service Centers NORTH AMERICAN SERVICE CENTER Vaisala Inc., 10-D Gill Street, Woburn, MA 01801-1068, USA. Phone: +1 781 933 4500, Fax +1 781 933 8029 Email: us-customersupport@vaisala.com EUROPEAN SERVICE CENTER...

  • Page 83: Chapter 10 Troubleshooting

    Chapter 10 ___________________________________________________________ Troubleshooting CHAPTER 10 TROUBLESHOOTING Data validation Problem Interpretation Action Wind measurement failure. Blockage (trash, leaves, Remove the blockage. Both the speed and branches, bird nests) between direction units are replaced the wind transducers. Note! The direction unit is # for by a # sign or the data the wind speeds less than 0.05 values are irrelevant.
  • Page 84 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ parameters match, the device responds with its address. The settings can now be changed using aXU! (SDI-12) or aXU<cr><lf> (ASCII/NMEA) commands. A software/hardware reset is needed to validate the changes. Connection works but data Wrong device address in a SDI- Request the device address with ?! messages not available.

  • Page 85: Self-Diagnostics

    Self-diagnostics Error messaging/Text messages WXT510 sends a text message when certain type of errors occur. This function works in all communication modes except in the SDI-12 mode. You may disable error messaging by using the supervisor message aSU, S=N, see page 79.

  • Page 86: Rain And Wind Sensor Heating Control

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Rain and wind sensor heating control The supervisor message aSU (see page 77) shows you continuously monitored information about rain and wind sensor heating (heating temperature Th and heating voltage Vh). The heating temperature should stay above 0 C when the heating is on (except in extremely cold conditions where the heating power is not sufficient).

  • Page 87: Technical Specifications

    Chapter 11 _____________________________________________________Technical Specifications CHAPTER 11 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Performance Barometric pressure Range 600...1100 hPa Accuracy ± 0.5 hPa at 0...30°C (+32...+86 °F) ± 1 hPa at -52...+60 °C (-60...+140 °F) Output resolution 0.1 hPa, 10 Pa, 0.001 bar, 0.1 mmHg, 0.01 inHg Units available hPa, Pa, bar, mmHg, inHg Air Temperature...

  • Page 88: Relative Humidity

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Relative Humidity Range 0...100 %RH Accuracy ±3 %RH at 0...90 %RH ±5 %RH at 90...100 %RH Output resolution 0.1 % RH PTU Measuring Interval Measuring interval 1…3600 s (=60 min), at one second steps Wind Wind speed Range 0...60 m/s Response time...

  • Page 89: Inputs And Outputs

    Chapter 11 _____________________________________________________Technical Specifications Rain duration counting each 10-second increment whenever droplet detected Ouput Resolution 10 s Rain intensity running one minute average in 10-second steps Range 0...200 mm/h (broader range with reduced accuracy) Units available mm/h, in/h Hail cumulative amount of hits against collecting surface Output resolution 0.1 hits /cm (1 hits/ in...

  • Page 90: Operation Conditions

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Digital outputs SDI-12, RS-232, RS-485, RS-422 Communication protocols SDI-12 v1.3, ASCII automatic& polled, NMEA 0183 v3.0 with query option. Operation conditions Temperature operation -52 …+60 °C (-60...+140 °F) storage -60 …+70 °C (-76...+158 °F) Relative humidity 0...100 %RH Pressure 600...1100 hPa Wind...

  • Page 91: Options And Accessories

    212792 Mounting kit 215191 8-pin M12 connector (female) with 2 m cable 215193 8-pin M12 connector (female) with 10 m cable 215190 Bushing accessory kit 214692 WXT510 Radiation shield (5 pcs) WXT510BOTTOMSP WXT510 Bottom plate (with M12 connector) VAISALA________________________________________________________________________ 91...

  • Page 92: Dimensions In Mm [Inches]

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ Dimensions in mm [inches] Mounting adapter (optional) 4.52 1.16 92 ___________________________________________________________________ M210470EN-B...

  • Page 93: Appendix Anetworking

    ASCII or NMEA 0183 v3.0. SDI-12 serial interface Wiring 1. Make the SDI-12 wiring in the WXT510 as described in Chapter 5, Wiring. Remember to combine the two "Data in/out"wires of each WXT510 either in the internal screw terminal inside or outside the transmitter.

  • Page 94: Rs-485 Serial Interface

    2XXU,A=2,M=S,C=1,B=1200,D=7,P=E,S=1, L=25 RS-485 serial interface Wiring 1. Make the RS-485 wiring of the WXT510 as described in Chapter 5, Wiring. 2. In the data logger end, combine the "Data+"wires of each WXT510 to the logger "Data +" wire. Connect the "Data-" wires of each WXT510 to the logger "Data -"...

  • Page 95: Nmea 0183 V3.0, Query

    0XU,A=0,M=Q,C=3,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=2000 Now, when the XDR-query command $--WIQ,XDR*2D<crlf> is sent, the WXT510 1 responds after 25 ms, the WXT510 2 after 1000 ms and the WXT510 3 responds after 2000 ms. The sufficient delays depend on the maximum number of characters in the response messages and the baud rate.
  • Page 96 For the transducer IDs, see Chapter 7, section NMEA 0183 v3.0 protocol. The maximum transducer ID is three when the WXT510 address is 0. Hence, assigning address 4 for the second and address 8 for the third WXT510 on the bus the following responses to the XDR-query $-- WIQ,XDR*2D<crlf>...

  • Page 97: Nmea 0183 V3.0 Query With Ascii Query Commands

    Example: A bus with three WXT510s. Data requests with combined data message query command: WXT510 1 communication settings: 0XU,A=0,M=Q,C=3,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25 WXT510 2 communication settings: 0XU,A=1,M=Q,C=3,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25 WXT510 3 communication settings: 0XU,A=2,M=Q,C=3,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25 The query for WXT510 1 and the response: 0R<cr><lf> $WIXDR,A,316,D,0,A,326,D,1,A,330,D,2,S,0.1,M,0,S,0.1,M,1 ,S,0.1,M,2*57<crlf> $WIXDR,C,24.0,C,0,C,25.2,C,1,H,47.4,P,0,P,1010.1,H,0*54< crlf> $WIXDR,V,0.000,I,0,Z,10,s,0,R,0.01,I,0,V,0.0,M,1,Z,0,s,1 ,R,0.0,M,1*51<crlf>...
  • Page 98 User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ $WIXDR,A,341,D,2,A,347,D,3,A,357,D,4,S,0.1,M,2,S,0.2,M,3 ,S,0.2,M,4*53<crlf> $WIXDR,C,23.5,C,2,C,24.3,C,3,H,49.3,P,2,P,1010.1,H,2*5F< crlf> $WIXDR,V,0.000,I,2,Z,0,s,2,R,0.00,I,2,V,0.0,M,3,Z,0,s,3, R,0.0,M,3*61<crlf> $WIXDR,C,25.8,C,4,U,10.6,N,2,U,10.9,V,2,U,3.360,V,3*7C<c rlf> If needed, for making the transducers IDs distinguishable, device addresses 0, 4, 8 can be used as described in the previous section. 98 ___________________________________________________________________ M210470EN-B...

  • Page 99: Sdi-12 Protocol

    Appendix B ___________________________________________________________ SDI-12 Protocol APPENDIX B SDI-12 PROTOCOL SDI-12 is a standard for interfacing data recorders with microprocessor-based sensors. The name stands for serial/digital interface at 1200 baud. More information of the complete SDI-12 standard text is available from the SDI-12 web-site in the following address: www.sdi-12.org/.

  • Page 100: Sdi-12 Timing

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ recorder does not communicate with any other sensor until the data collection from the first sensor is complete. A typical recorder/sensor measurement sequence proceeds in the following order: The data recorder wakes all sensors on the SDI-12 bus with a break.
  • Page 101 Appendix B ___________________________________________________________ SDI-12 Protocol - After a data recorder transmits the last character of a command, it must relinquish control of the data line within 7.5 milliseconds RECORDER Figure Timing Diagram - After receiving the break and the command, the addressed sensor sets the data line to marking at 8.33 milliseconds and then sends the response.

  • Page 102: Crc-16 Computation

    User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________ APPENDIX C CRC-16 COMPUTATION The computation of the CRC is performed on the data response before parity is added. All operations are assumed to be on 16 bit unsigned integers. The least significant bit is on the right. Numbers preceded by 0x are in hexadecimal.

  • Page 103: Nmea 0183 V3.0 Checksum Computation

    Appendix c _______________________________________________________ CRC-16 Computation The CRC computation code is added to the end of the response, if the first letter of the command is sent by using lower case. NMEA 0183 v3.0 Checksum computation The checksum is the last field in the NMEA sentence and follows the checksum delimiter character "*".

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