Garmin GPS 165TSO Pilot's Manual
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Garmin GPS 165TSO Pilot's Manual

Garmin GPS 165TSO Pilot's Manual

Garmin gps 165tso pilot's guide owner's manual & reference
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OWNER'S MANUAL
& REFERENCE
MSG
RTE
WPT
NAV
CRSR
NRST
SET
CLR
ENT
GPS 165 TSO
Pilot's Guide
®

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Summary of Contents for Garmin GPS 165TSO

  • Page 1 OWNER’S MANUAL & REFERENCE CRSR NRST GPS 165 TSO Pilot’s Guide ®...

  • Page 3: Foreword

    GARMIN Corporation. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves the right to change or improve their products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements.

  • Page 4: Cautions

    Pilots using an out-of-date database do so entirely at their own risk. CAUTION! The GARMIN GPS 165 has no user serviceable parts. Should you ever encounter a problem with the unit, please take it to an authorized GARMIN dealer for repairs.
  • Page 5 Congratulations on choosing the first GPS certified to meet the requirements of TSO C-129 Category A1 for non-precision IFR approach procedures. The GPS 165 represents GARMIN’ s commitment to provide an accurate, easy-to-use GPS for all of your aviation needs.

  • Page 6: Capabilities

    INTRODUCTION Capabilities Designed for accurate performance, and intuitive operation, the GPS 165 is a powerful navigation device that allows you to navigate IFR en route and approach procedures for added convenience and safety. Precision Performance • MultiTrac8™ receiver tracks and uses up to 8 satellites for fast, accurate positioning and speed data, with continuous 1 second updates •...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Foreword ..........i Cautions .

  • Page 8: Table Of Contents

    INTRODUCTION Appendix A: ® NavData Card Use ......94-95 Table of Contents Appendix B: Maintenance ......96 Appendix C: Abbreviations &...

  • Page 9: Key And Knob Functions

    Key and Knob Functions The power/brightness knob controls unit power and screen brightness The direct-to key performs an instant GOTO and allows you to enter a waypoint and sets a direct course to the destination. The nearest key is used to obtain information on the 9 nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, user waypoints and 2 nearest FSSs.
  • Page 10 This will greatly reduce the amount of time required to navigate with the GPS 165. GARMIN is fully committed to your satisfaction as a customer. If you have any questions regarding the GPS 165, please contact our customer service department at: GARMIN International, Inc.

  • Page 11: Flying Start

    The GARMIN GPS 165 is a powerful navigational tool that provides pilots with accurate navigational information and non-precision approaches, SIDs and STARs. The Flying Start section is designed to get you familiar with the operation of the GPS 165. This will include powering up the unit and acquiring satellites, entering data and activating a simple direct-to.
  • Page 12 INTRODUCTION Flying Start Acquiring satellite data. Enter the altitude manually if necessary. Searching the Sky Message. Once the database has been acknowledged, the Satellite Status page will appear, and the GPS 165 will begin to collect satellite information. An ‘Acquiring’ status will be displayed on the Satellite Status page, and the signal values on the bottom line of the page will begin displaying numeric values.
  • Page 13 After the GPS 165 acquires satellites and computes a position, the Position page will appear automatically, and you’ll be informed with a ‘Ready for navigation’ mes- sage on the message page. Altitude Field Reference Waypoint Field The Position page displays your present latitude and longitude, altitude and a reference waypoint field, and is also used to enter barometric pressure during approach operations.
  • Page 14 INTRODUCTION Flying Start Entering a direct-to destination. A direct-to may also be performed from any page that displays a single waypoint identifier (the nearest airport page in this example) by simply pressing the D key, followed by ENTER. The GPS 165 uses direct point-to-point navigation to guide you from takeoff to touchdown in the IFR environment.
  • Page 15 In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI, the GPS 165 CDI page fea- tures four selectable fields for various navigation data so the page may be configured to your own preferences. The default settings for the CDI page are: •...
  • Page 16 INTRODUCTION Flying Start The Nearest VOR Page. To review a nearest waypoint, simply highlight the identifier and press ENTER. The GPS 165 will operate on an internal battery if external power is lost. To view the nine nearest list for other waypoint categories (VOR, NDB, etc.): 1.

  • Page 17: (N Key)

    Section 1 Navigation Key The GPS 165 features four navigation pages to provide various position, course, speed and planning information. The navigation pages may viewed by pressing the NAV key and rotating the outer knob, or pressing the N key repeatedly. CDI Page NAV Menu 1 The CDI and Position pages are the primary pages used during in-flight naviga-...
  • Page 18 NAV KEY CDI Page The CDI page with desired track and estimated time enroute displayed. If the GPS 165 is not currently navigating to a waypoint, ‘No actv wpt’ will be displayed in the CDI field. The GPS 165’ s CDI page provides you with the important information needed to navigate directly to your destination.
  • Page 19 The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field: • gs -- Your present speed over the ground. • str --Steer direction and distance, or digital crosstrack error. An ‘L’ or ‘R’ indicates which direction to steer, while the distance value indi- cates how far you are off course.

  • Page 21: Position Page

    The GPS 165 position page displays your present latitude and longitude, altitude and a reference waypoint field; and is also used to enter barometric pressure during approach operations. The altitude and reference waypoint fields are selectable to con- figure the page to your own preferences and current navigation needs. Altitude, MSA or ESA (selec- table) Position...
  • Page 22 NAV KEY Position Page/Reference Wpt Position page displaying KFOE airport as the reference waypoint. Position page displaying the TOP VOR as the reference waypoint. This configuration is used to monitor your distance and radial to the reference waypoint during DME ARC approaches. See Section 4 for more information on approach operation.
  • Page 23 The GPS 165 features two nav menu pages for a host of valuable planning and calculating functions. NAV Menu 1 provides access to the following functions: • Trip Planning • Density altitude/true air speed calc. • Fuel Planning • Winds aloft calculations •...
  • Page 24 NAV KEY NAV Menu 1/Density Altitude Entering an indicated altitude. Density altitude & true air speed calculated. The density altitude/true air speed function is also accessed from NAV Menu 1. Density altitude is the altitude at which your aircraft will perform depending on several environmental conditions including air pressure and total air temperature (the tempera- ture including the effect of speed), read on a standard outside temperature gauge on most aircraft).
  • Page 25 To perform fuel planning operations: 1. Press and use to highlight ‘Fuel Plan?’. Press 2. Use to select either ‘wpt’ for direct navigation or the route number you would like to use. 3. For direct-to navigation, use enter the ‘to’ and ‘from’ waypoints. Press to accept the waypoints (to use your present position as a waypoint, leave the corresponding waypoint field blank).
  • Page 26 NAV KEY NAV Menu 1/Winds Aloft/VNAV Calculating winds aloft. Entering initial and final altitude. The recommended VNAV descent will be displayed in the ‘at’ field. The GPS 165 will also perform winds aloft calculations to inform you of the direction (true) and speed of the wind.
  • Page 27 You will now notice that the vertical speed field has been calculated. If you desire a faster climb or descent, you may enter that value now. 7. Use to enter the new desired vertical speed, or press calculated value. If you enter a greater value, the GPS 165 will display the elapsed time before the maneuver is to begin.
  • Page 28 NAV KEY NAV Menu 2/Approach Timer To execute a checklist, highlight the desired item and press ENTER. NAV Menu 2. Approach Timer. To execute a checklist: 1. Press and highlight ‘Chklist?’. Press 2. Rotate to highlight the checklist you would like to see and press 3.
  • Page 29 When the count down timer reaches zero, you will be informed with a ‘Timer expired’ message. The timer will then begin to count up, keeping track of how long it has been since it expired. The count up timer will not display a message. The timers run, if not altered, any time the GPS 165 is on.
  • Page 30 NAV KEY NAV Menu 2/RAIM Prediction Enter the time and date for RAIM prediction. Confirm the selected waypoint. RAIM available for the entered date & time. The RAIM Prediction function allows you to confirm that GPS coverage is avail- able for a specific location or waypoint, any day of the year. Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring performs checks to ensure that the GPS 165 will have adequate satellite geometry to work with during your flight.
  • Page 31 The scheduler function can be used to display reminder messages after a selected elapsed time such as Change Oil, Switch fuel tanks, etc. The scheduled message will be displayed after the timer runs out, and each time the GPS 165 is powered up, until the time is changed or the message is deleted.
  • Page 32 NAV KEY NAV Menu 2/Sunset Planning Sunrise and sunset calculated for the selected waypoint on the specified date. Sunrise/Sunset Page The last function available from the GPS 165’ s NAV Menu 2 is the sunrise/sunset calculation, which will give you the sunrise and sunset times for any user or data- base waypoint, or your present position.
  • Page 33 Section 2 Waypoint and Database Information The GPS 165 uses a Jeppesen NavData® card to provide position and facility information for thousands of airports, VORs, NDBs and intersections. Each facility in the database is stored as a waypoint, with its own latitude/longitude, identifier (up to five letters and/or numbers) and other pertinent information.

  • Page 34: Waypoint Categories

    WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Waypoint Categories Waypoint Menu Page. Airport Position Page. VOR Position Page. The GPS 165 organizes waypoints into one of five waypoint categories for your convenience. Each waypoint category provides different types of detailed information for a selected facility: •...

  • Page 35: Entering Waypoints

    After a waypoint category is selected, information for a waypoint may be viewed by entering the identifier or name of the desired waypoint. Airports, VORs and NDBs may be entered by either the identifier, name or the location (city) of the facility. Intersections and user waypoints must be entered by the identifier.

  • Page 36: Airport Information

    WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Airport Information Once a waypoint category and identifier have been selected, the GPS 165 will provide extensive information through a set of waypoint pages for the selected cate- gory. We’ll now go through the pages available for each waypoint category in the order they appear on the waypoint menu page: airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints.
  • Page 37 The GPS 165 features six airport pages: airport identification— allows entry of desired airport by identifier, facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility. airport position— allows entry of desired airport by identifier; displays latitude, longitude and elevation; usage or fuel availability, available approaches and airport control/radar capability.
  • Page 38 WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Airport Position Page Airport Position Page 1. Identifier (selectable) 2. Elevation 3. Fuel Availability 4. Airport Position 5. Approach Information 6. Controlled Airspace/Radar Capability The airport position page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of the selected airport, as well as usage or fuel availability, available approaches and airport control/radar capability.
  • Page 39 The airport procedures page displays all the available approaches, SIDs and STARs at any selected airport in the database, without placing a specific approach, SID or STAR in the active route. This allows the pilot to quickly scan the procedures of any nearby airport in case of an emergency or help plan future flights.
  • Page 40 WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Airport Communication Page Airport Communication Page. Approach frequency with restrictions. The airport communication page displays the radio frequencies and usage for the selected airport, as well as sector and altitude restrictions. To view the communication page from any of the airport information pages: 1.

  • Page 41: Airport Runway Page

    The airport runway page displays runway designations, length, surface and lighting for the selected airport, as well as ILS/localizer and/or pilot controlled lighting frequencies. To view the runway page from any of the airport information pages: 1. Rotate with the flashing cursor removed to display the runway page. 2.

  • Page 42: Vor Information

    WAYPOINTS & DATABASE VOR Information VOR Identification Page. VOR Position Page. VOR Comments Page. VOR Information The GPS 165 features three VOR waypoint pages: VOR identification— allows entry of desired VOR by identifier, facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility. VOR position—...
  • Page 43 NDB Information NDB Position Page The GPS 165 also uses identification, position and comments pages for NDB information. The NDB waypoint pages are used in the same manner as VOR pages: NDB information is accessed by entering the desired facility’ s identifier, city or name (see page 25) on the NDB identification page.

  • Page 44: Intersection Information

    WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Intersection Information Intersection Comments Page. Intersection Information Intersection Position Page The last database waypoint category available is intersections. Two intersection pages are available: intersection position and intersection comments. Intersections may be entered by identifier only (not city or name) on either intersection page. To scroll through the Intersection pages: 1.
  • Page 45 User Waypoint Information In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection waypoints contained in your NavData® card, the GPS 165 allows you to store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. Once a user waypoint is created, two user waypoint pages will display the following information: •...

  • Page 46: Creating User Waypoints

    WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Creating User Waypoints Select a waypoint entry method. User waypoints may be created by referencing another waypoint in the database. The GPS 165 will automatically calculate the new waypoint’s coordinates after a bearing and distance have been entered. If the waypoint identifier entered does not exist in the database, you will be prompted to select the method to enter the new waypoint’...
  • Page 47 To enter/edit a user waypoint position from a reference waypoint: 1. Use to enter the reference waypoint’s identifier. 2. Press 3. Use to enter the bearing from the reference waypoint. 4. Press 5. Use to enter the distance from the reference waypoint. 6.
  • Page 48 WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Using AutoStore AutoStore waypoint with default name. The default waypoint name may be changed before saving the waypoint. The GPS 165’ s AutoStore function provides another method of creating user waypoints. AutoStore is used to instantly capture your present position as a user way- point with a touch of a button, and add the new waypoint to the end of a specified route if desired.
  • Page 49 The second page available from the GPS 165’ s WPT key is the proximity way- points page. This page allows you to define an alarm circle around a selected way- point, and is useful in defining alarm circles around towers or obstructions. Up to 9 proximity waypoints can be entered, with an alarm radius up to 99.9 units (nm, mi,).

  • Page 50: User Waypoint List

    WAYPOINTS & DATABASE User Waypoint List User Waypoint List. Renaming a user waypoint. The third page available from the GPS 165’ s WPT key is the user waypoint list, which can be used to quickly scan, review, rename or delete user waypoints. To display the user waypoint list: 1.
  • Page 51 The last page available through the GPS 165’ s WPT key is the waypoint com- ments page, which lists all waypoints that have a user comment. User comments may be added to 250 waypoints stored in the user or NavData helpful to note two lines of special information concerning a particular waypoint.
  • Page 52 WAYPOINTS & DATABASE Waypoint Confirmation Waypoint Scanning To simplify waypoint entry, the GPS 165 provides a waypoint scanning feature that allows you to scan airports, VORs, NDBs & intersections by identifier, facility name or city. To enter a way- point by scanning: •...

  • Page 53: Nearest Waypoints

    The GPS 165’ s NRST key provides detailed information including range and bear- ing from present position on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints within 200 nm of your current position. In addition, it will also dis- play the two nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) points of communication, and alert you to any Special Use Airspace (SUA) you may be in or near.
  • Page 54 WAYPOINTS & DATABASE SUA Alarms SUA Near & Ahead Message. SUA Alert Page. The next page available under the GPS 165’ s NRST key is the SUA alert page. The SUA alert page will alert you with up to nine controlled or restricted airspaces near or in your flight path, according to the following conditions: •...
  • Page 55 The SUA alert page contains the following information: SUA Alert Number Controlling Agency/Name SUA Airport The ‘SUA number’ field displays which SUA you are viewing (you may be alerted with up to 9 SUAs). SUAs are listed as ‘sua1’ being the highest priority, and ‘sua9’ being the lowest priority from your current position.
  • Page 56 WAYPOINTS & DATABASE SUA Messages SUA Alert Page. The airport communication page for the displayed alert may be viewed by highlighting the controlling agency’s identifier and pressing ENTER. The following SUA types can appear in the SUA type field: Message Airspace Type alrt - Alert...
  • Page 57 SUA Settings Page All SUA alert messages except for prohibited areas may be turned on or off through the GPS 165’ s S key (described page 92). The GPS 165 will also automati- cally turn off SUA alert messages during approach operations (see page 73). Alerts for prohibited areas will always be displayed, regardless of unit settings or operating mode.

  • Page 58: Section 3: Direct-To & Route Navigation (D & R Keys)

    DIRECT-TO & ROUTE NAV Overview ROUTE TERMINOLOGY The diagram at the right shows a basic route consisting of five waypoints and four legs. The waypoint you are travelling to is called the ‘active to’ waypoint, and the waypoint immediately behind you is called the ‘active from’ waypoint. The course line between the active from and the active to waypoint is called the ‘active leg’.
  • Page 59 The GPS 165’ s direct-to function provides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to destination is activated, the GPS 165 will establish a point to point route line along the great circle from your present position to the destination, and provide steering guidance and navigation data to the waypoint until it is cancelled.
  • Page 60 DIRECT-TO & ROUTE NAV Route Pages REMEMBER! If you want to save the active route, be sure to copy it to an open storage route before turning the GPS 165 off or activating a new route or direct-to destination. See page 54 for instructions on copy- ing routes.
  • Page 61 The GPS 165’ s route catalog page is used to create, edit, delete or copy routes, and serves as the main page for a host of functions, including route activation, deter- mining the closest point of approach and search and rescue operations. It also displays a summary of routes currently stored in memory, with the departure and arrival route waypoints and total distance for the selected route number.
  • Page 62 DIRECT-TO & ROUTE NAV Creating & Activating Routes Adding a new route waypoint. Deleting a route waypoint. Deleting the active route. The route editing function allows you to create new routes and edit existing routes. Creating routes before takeoff can help make approach, SID and STAR opera- tions faster and easier during your flight.
  • Page 63 Once a route is defined through the route catalog page, it may be activated or inverted (to navigate the route waypoints in reverse order) from the route catalog page. Activating or inverting a route copies the selected route into route 0 and over- writes the existing active route.
  • Page 64 DIRECT-TO & ROUTE NAV Copying Routes/CPA Calculating closest point of approach. NORTH TXKO 26.7 nm KDAL Closest Point of Approach. To copy a route: 1. Use to display the route you would like to copy TO (the route must be empty). 2.
  • Page 65 The GPS 165’ s search and rescue function provides navigation guidance for search and rescue operations, navigating in a ladder pattern to maximize coverage and efficiency. This is done in reference to two waypoints, called anchor waypoints. The first leg will be a specified distance from the line connecting the anchor waypoints, called the offset distance.
  • Page 66 DIRECT-TO & ROUTE NAV Offset Navigation DEPARTURE WAYPOINT Parallel Track Enter parallel track value after route activation. During route navigation, it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distance away from the ‘active leg’ to help avoid certain airspaces or regions. The GPS 165’ s parallel track feature will automatically guide you along a selected offset from the ARRIVAL WAYPOINT...
  • Page 67 Flying and Modifying the Active Route Once a route has been created and activated, the GPS 165 will provide navigation to each route waypoint through the active route and CDI pages. From the active route pages, you may create and modify the active route, and insert an approach, SID or STAR for your flight.
  • Page 68 DIRECT-TO & ROUTE NAV Adding Active Route Waypoints Active route page with desired track displayed. Adding a waypoint to the active route. Confirming the new route waypoint. The ‘cum or leg’ field can be selected to display cumulative distance and ete/eta or the distance and ete/eta for each individual route leg.
  • Page 69 To delete a waypoint from the active route: 1. Press , if necessary, to activate the cursor. 2. Use to highlight the waypoint you would like to delete from the active route. 3. Press , followed by . The next route waypoint (if available) will move up to take the position of the deleted waypoint.

  • Page 70: Turn Anticipation

    DIRECT-TO & ROUTE NAV Turn Anticipation The GPS 165’s turn anticipation feature smooths out the transitions between adjacent legs based on a nominal bank angle of 15º, with the ability to roll up to 25º. If the turn angle and your present speed will require a bank angle that exceeds 25º, you’ll be notified with a ‘Steep turn ahead’...
  • Page 71 As you approach a route waypoint, the GPS 165’ s external waypoint annunciator will flash 15 seconds before the turn anticipation point, and the GPS CDI will be replaced by a flashing ‘Next dtk xxxº’ prompt (see right). To use the turn anticipation feature, note the ‘Nxt dtk’ heading when the external waypoint annunciator begins to flash, and start the turn when the annunciator glows steadily (approximately 2 seconds before the turn anticipation point).

  • Page 72: Section 4: Approaches, Sids And Stars

    APPROACH NAVIGATION Overview Once an approach is selected, the GPS 165 will replace the destination airport with the appropri- ate approach waypoints. The initial approach fix, final approach fix and missed approach point waypoints are indicated by an ‘if’, ‘ff’ and ‘mp’ designator to the immediate left of the waypoint.
  • Page 73 The GPS 165 works in conjunction with a set of external switches and your HSI to fly GPS approaches. The external switches are used to control GPS functions, and contain illuminated annunciators to indicate when functions are active. Your installa- tion must also have annunciators for waypoint arrival and GPS messages.
  • Page 74 APPROACH NAVIGATION GPS SEQ Switch 0.3 nm 2 nm 1 nm 1 nm 1 minute 5 nm CDI Scale ramping during approach. When the aircraft is within 2 nm of the FAF along the inbound course to the final approach (see left), the ACTV annunciator will illuminate on the GPS APPR switch, and the GPS 165 will enter the active approach phase.

  • Page 76: Selecting An Approach

    APPROACH NAVIGATION Selecting an Approach Select the approach. Select the Initial Approach Fix. Once the approach is loaded, the active route page will appear. When an arrival airport is selected with the direct-to key (or created and activated in a route to the arrival airport), the approaches for your arrival airport become avail- able through the Approach Select page, which can be viewed by pressing R and rotating the outer knob.
  • Page 77 When the aircraft is within 30 nautical miles of the destination airport, the GPS 165 will display the ‘Arm approach mode’ (if the GPS APPR switch is not set to the ARM position) and ‘Need pres- press NAV’ messages. To fly the GPS approach (without radar vectors): 1.
  • Page 78 APPROACH NAVIGATION Flying the Approach After crossing the MAP, press the play the missed approach holding point. If you have clearance directly to the holding point, press ENTER. You must fly all published missed approach procedures before navigating to the holding point.
  • Page 79 If you’re not authorized to fly direct-to the missed approach holding point: 1. Release the GPS SEQ switch from the ARM position to return the CDI scale to the 1 nm sensitivity. After the MAP has been crossed, press the matically display the first waypoint of the missed approach as the next approach waypoint.
  • Page 80 APPROACH NAVIGATION Approach Select Page Approach Select Page. Approach Procedures Page. The GPS 165’ s approach select page allows you to review the available approach procedures at the destination airport. From the procedures list, you may select and activate a new procedure on the fly. The active approach is indicated by an on-screen asterisk, and the scrolling arrow prompt indicates which direction to scroll to view additional procedures.
  • Page 81 UNDERSTANDING GPS APPROACHES The GPS 165 is the first GPS certified to meet the requirements of TSO C-129 Category A1. When using the GPS 165 for non-precision approaches, you’ll encounter two types of approaches: overlay approaches (based on existing proce- dures) and GPS approaches (new approaches designed specifically for GPS).
  • Page 82 APPROACH NAVIGATION Basic Rules of GPS Approaches Cumulative distance displayed on the active route page. RAIM may be predicted from NAV Menu 2. Basic Rules of GPS Approaches (continued) • If you cross the same waypoint twice in succession during an approach, you must set the GPS SEQ switch to the HOLD position PRIOR to crossing the bisector of the course line at the fix the first time (no matter what the cross- track distance from the waypoint) to prevent the GPS from sequencing to the...
  • Page 83 Basic Rules of GPS Approaches (continued) • If you are off course to the MAP waypoint and use a direct-to to re-center the d-bar, the active approach mode will be cancelled. • SUA alerts are disabled when an approach is selected and armed, and the air- craft is less than 30 nm from the destination airport.
  • Page 84 APPROACH NAVIGATION GPS Approach Example GPS RWY 5 FREDERICK MUNI (FDK) 2000 048 (2.5) 2.5 NM FROM BAKEE 2700 048 (2.5) SUSII MARTINSBURG MISSED APPROACH SUSII CLIMB TO 3000 DIRECT 3000 RUSSY AND HOLD 2.5 NM FROM BAKEE BAKEE 2700 MYRTA 2000 3.10...
  • Page 85 EXAMPLE 2— VOR/GPS OVERLAY Example 2 uses the VOR/GPS RWY 19 approach into Kansas City Downtown Airport (KMKC) from the south and illustrates an approach with a procedure turn, which requires the pilot to set the GPS SEQ switch to the HOLD position prior to crossing the IAF the first time.
  • Page 86 APPROACH NAVIGATION VOR/DME ARC Example VOR/DME RWY 21 TOPEKA/ FORBES FIELD (FOE) 3000 205 (7) TOPEKA (IAF) 2600 MISSED APPROACH VORTAC CLIMB TO 3000 VIA HEADING 240 AND TOP R-213 TO ERASE 25 DME AND HOLD. ERASE 2600 5 NM 7 NM DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION EXAMPLE 3—...
  • Page 88 APPROACH NAVIGATION Radar Vector Example VOR/DME RWY 21 TOPEKA /FORBES FIELD (FOE) 3000 205 (7) TOPEKA (IAF) 2600 MISSED APPROACH VORTAC CLIMB TO 3000 VIA HEADING 240 AND TOP R-213 TO ERASE 25 DME AND HOLD. ERASE 2600 5 NM 7 NM DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION EXAMPLE 4—...
  • Page 89 The Jeppesen database used in the GPS 165 features Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs) and Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) that may be placed into any active or stored route. Available SIDs may be selected at any time for the active route as long as the departure airport is the first route waypoint and the route contains more than one waypoint.
  • Page 90 APPROACH NAVIGATION Selecting & Deleting SIDs The SID select page allows you to select a new SID on the fly. SIDs may be saved with any stored route. The SID select page also allows you to review all the available SIDs for the departure airport and select, delete or change the active SID.
  • Page 91 To delete a SID from the Route Catalog page... 1. Display the desired route on the Route Catalog page. 2. Select ‘sid?’ in the route action field and press 3. Rotate to highlight the active SID (denoted by an asterisk). Press Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs) used in the GPS 165 are selected and acti- vated with the same procedures as SIDs.
  • Page 92 APPROACH NAVIGATION Selecting & Deleting STARs Deleting the active STAR. STARs may be saved in any storage route. The STAR select page also allows you to review all available STARs for the destination air- port and select, delete or replace the active STAR. To replace the active STAR: 1.

  • Page 93: Section 5: Unit Settings (S Key)

    Section 5 Unit Settings Many of the GPS 165’ s navigation features can be customized to your own prefer- ences, allowing the pilot to choose how and when the unit displays certain informa- tion. The GPS 165 also provides extensive information on satellite tracking and signal strength to aid in monitoring performance and alerting you to problems with antenna installation or receiver problems.
  • Page 94 UNIT SETTINGS Satellite Status Page Satellite status page displaying DOP. The GPS 165’ s satellite status page provides satellite information to monitor GPS coverage and receiver performance. This can be helpful when you may be experienc- ing a problem with low signal levels due to poor coverage or installation problems. To view the satellite status page: 1.
  • Page 95 Not usable - The GPS 165 is unusable due to incorrect initialization or abnor- mal satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and back on again. If this does not help, return the unit to an authorized GARMIN dealer for service.
  • Page 96 UNIT SETTINGS Status & CDI Setup Viewing individual satellite information. The CDI setting will be reset to the AUTO posi- tion whenever a GPS approach is armed, selected or the unit is powered down. The AUTO setting allows the CDI to smoothly transition from the 5.0 nm to the 0.3 nm scale during an approach.
  • Page 97 The route settings page allows you to select between automatic and manual route sequencing and turn the automatic leg select feature on and off. Automatic route sequencing changes the active leg of a route when the current leg is complete (you have reached the ‘active to’...
  • Page 98 UNIT SETTINGS Leg Selection/Mag Var Setup User magnetic variation. Auto magnetic variation. Automatic leg selection chooses the route leg closest to your present position as the active leg. If you have selected the manual leg selection option, you can manually select any route leg as the active route leg by performing an ‘on-route’...
  • Page 99 The GPS 165’ s arrival alarm can be set to notify the pilot with a message when you have reached a user defined distance to a destination waypoint. Once you have reached the set distance (up to 99.9 units), an ‘Arrival at _____’ message will be displayed. To set the arrival alarm distance: 1.
  • Page 100 UNIT SETTINGS Battery Saver/Trip Timer Battery Saver Page. Trip timer set to run when power is on. Trip timer set to run when speed exceeds 100 knots. The GPS 165 battery saver feature can be programmed to automatically turn off the display when using battery power.

  • Page 101: Units Of Measure

    The GPS 165 can be configured to display data in standard or metric units of measure. These apply to: distance, position, speed, altitude, fuel, pressure and temperature. To change the units of measure: 1. Press and rotate to display the nav units page. 2.
  • Page 102 UNIT SETTINGS SUA Settings SUA Settings Page. Altitude buffer set at 500 feet. The Special Use Airspace settings page will allow you turn the controlled/ restricted airspace message alerts on or off. This will not affect the alerts being listed on the nearest page.
  • Page 103 The GPS 165 contains over 100 map datums for you to use when navigating. By default, your unit calculates positions using the WGS-84 map datum. If you are using charts based on another datum, you must set the GPS 165 to use the same datum. Using a map datum that does not match the sectionals you are using can result in sig- nificant differences in position information.
  • Page 104 APPENDIX A NavData Card Operation UserData Transfer Page. Appendix A NavData and UserData Installation and Operation NavData® and UserData Card installation and operation The NavData® card supplied with your GPS 165 can be installed or removed ONLY when the GPS 165 is turned off. Insert the card with the thumb tab at the top, and the beveled corner on the bottom right.
  • Page 105 To restore user data from a UserData card to the GPS 165: 1. Install the UserData card. 2. Turn the GPS 165 on using 3. Use to highlight ‘Restore user data?’ and press The GPS 165 will ask you which type of data to replace. You may choose check- lists, scheduler messages, user waypoints, proximity waypoints, routes, waypoint comments or all data.
  • Page 106 ‘Memory battery low’. You should return your unit to an authorized GARMIN service center as soon as possible. Failure to do so may result in loss of data each time you turn your unit off. This will GREATLY increase satellite acquisition time and no user data will be saved.
  • Page 107 Appendix C GPS 165 Messages and Abbreviations The GPS 165 uses the Message Page to communicate important information to you. Some messages are advisory in nature, others are warnings that may require your intervention. This appendix provides a complete list of GPS 165 messages and their meanings. Altitude input fail - The altitude serializer input is no longer available to the GPS 165.
  • Page 108 - A problem has been detected in the battery pack. The unit should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center. Cannot chng actv wpt - An attempt has been made to modify the position of the ‘active to’ or ‘active from’...
  • Page 109 Expect a rapid change in the CDI. Memory battery low - The battery that sustains user memory is low and should be replaced by an authorized GARMIN service center as soon as possible. Failure to do so may result in loss of stored data, including all user waypoints and routes.
  • Page 110 - The parallel track distance is too large for the active route. Osc needs adjustment - The GPS 165 has detected excessive drift in its internal crystal oscilla- tor which may result in longer acquisition time. The unit should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center immediately.
  • Page 111 - The GPS 165 has detected a failure in its internal memory. If the message persists, the GPS 165 is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center. Ready for navigation - The GPS 165 is ready for navigation.
  • Page 112 - The GPS 165 has detected a failure in the receiver hardware. If the message persists, the GPS 165 is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center. ROM failed - The GPS 165 has detected a failure in its permanent memory. If this message occurs, the unit is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center.
  • Page 113 Steep turn ahead - This message appears approximately 90 seconds prior to a turn that requires a bank angle in excess of 25 degrees in order to stay on course. Turn anticipation will not be provided by the GPS 165. Stored data lost - Stored user data, including waypoints, routes and satellite orbital data have been lost due to a low memory battery, or inadvertent...
  • Page 114 APPENDIX C Messages The following section provides a complete list of GPS 165 abbreviations and their meanings. ALT- Altitude DIS- APP- Approach DME - APR- Approach DOP- APT- Airport Waypoint DTK- ARV- Arrival ELEV- ATF- Aerodrome Traffic Frequency ENDUR- Endurance ATS- Automatic Terminal Information EPE-...
  • Page 115 JET A- Jet fuel - Type A JET B- Jet fuel - Type B OBS- Kilometers Per Hour Kilometers OTH- Knots ºC- Pounds ºF- LCL- Local LEN- Length POSN- LFOB- Leftover Fuel On Board PRES- LFLOW- Left fuel flow LOC- Localizer PROX- Liters...
  • Page 116 APPENDIX C Abbreviations SGL- Signal VNAV- SID- Standard Instrument VOR- Departure WPT- SLCT- Select SRFC- Surface STAR- Standard Terminal Arrival Route STR- Steer To TACAN- TACtical Air Navigational aid TAS- True Airspeed TAT - Total Air Temperature TEMP- Temperature TMA- ICAO Terminal Control Area TRK- Track Angle...

  • Page 117: Specifications

    Appendix D Specifications PHYSICAL Size: 5.75”W x 5.25”D x 2.25”H (146mm x 133mm x 57mm) Weight: 24 ounces (0.96kg) POWER Input: 10-33V DC (aircraft power) Rechargeable battery pack (up to 90 minutes) 115V or 230V AC w/ optional adapter ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature: -4°...

  • Page 118: Map Datums

    APPENDIX E Map Datums Appendix E Map Datums ADINDAN Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, EASTER ISLAND 1967 Sudan EUROPEAN 1950 AFGOOYE Somalia AIN EL ABD 1970 Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965 Cocos Island ARC 1950 Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, EUROPEAN 1979 Zambia, Zimbabwe ARC 1960...
  • Page 119 MARCO ASTRO Salvage Island OLD HAWAIIAN MAUI MASSAWA Eritrea (Ethiopia) OLD HAWAIIAN MEAN MERCHICH Morocco OLD HAWAIIAN OAHU MIDWAY ASTRO 1961 Midway OMAN MINNA Nigeria ORD SRV GRT BRITAIN NAD27 ALASKA North American 1927- Alaska PICO DE LAS NIEVES NAD27 BAHAMAS North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San PITCAIRN ASTRO 1967...
  • Page 121 If you still encounter a prob- lem, please see your authorized dealer or call or fax our customer support staff at 913-599-1515 or 913-599-2377 FAX. GARMIN is dedicated to supporting its prod- ucts and customers.
  • Page 122 APPENDIX F Troubleshooting Q & A Why aren’t there any approaches available for my route? Approaches are only available when the final route waypoint or direct-to destina- tion is an airport (some VOR/VORTAC identifiers are similar to airport identifiers). If a destination airport does not have a GPS approach, the GPS 165 will display a ‘no procedures in database’...
  • Page 123 What does the GPS APPR switch do? What is ‘arming’ an approach? The GPS APPR switch must be set to the ARM position for an approach to enter the active phase. It may be left in the ARM position to simplify approach operation. Its main function is to provide the pilot with a quick method of deactivating the approach and returning the CDI scale to the 1 nm scale in the event of a missed approach.
  • Page 124 APPENDIX F Troubleshooting Q & A When should I switch from HOLD to AUTO, and what happens when I do? Once you are ready to resume automatic waypoint sequencing, you must set the desired course on your HSI two seconds before changing the GPS SEQ switch to the AUTO position.
  • Page 125 When does turn anticipation begin, and what bank angle is expected? The GPS 165 will smooth adjacent leg transitions based upon a nominal 15º bank angle (with the ability to roll up to 25º) and provide three pilot cues for turn anticipa- tion: 1) The waypoint annunciator will flash 15 seconds before the turn point and glow steadily 2 seconds prior to the turn anticipation point.
  • Page 126 APPENDIX F Troubleshooting Q & A What is the correct missed approach procedure? How do I select the missed approach holding point? To comply with TSO specifications, the GPS 165 will not automatically sequence to the missed approach holding point. The first waypoint in the missed approach procedure will be displayed as the next approach waypoint when the pilot performs a direct-to AFTER crossing the MAP, which the pilot may activate when authorized.
  • Page 127 Appendix G Index Accesory List Activating user waypoints 48-49 Activating a route Activating a route in reverse Active waypoints Active Route page 57-59 Adding waypoints to a route Airport information 26-31 Comment page 27,41 Communication page 27,30 Identification page Position page 27,28 Procedures page 27,29...
  • Page 128 APPENDIX G Index Editing routes Editing user waypoints Enroute Safe Altitude (ESA) Examples, approach External switches/annunciators 60-61,63-65 Flying the active route Flying approaches Flying missed approach 68-69,116 Foreword Fuel planning Flight Service Stations (FSSs) GPS approach examples GPS overlays 62,75-77 GPS APPR switch 63-64,113,116 GPS SEQ switch...
  • Page 129 Routes 48-61 Activating Active route page 57-59 Adding route waypoints Cancelling the active route Copying routes 53-54 Deleting route waypoints Editing route waypoints Route catalog page 50-51 Route Diagram Runway surface Runways 27-31 Satellite acquisition Satellite information 84-86 Scheduler Scrolling arrow prompts viii Search and rescue operations SIDs...
  • Page 132 ® © 1995 GARMIN International 9875 Widmer, Lenexa, KS 66215, USA GARMIN Europe/LTD Robert House, Station Approach Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 8DU UK Part No. 190-00066-00 Rev. B...

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