Table of Contents
Advertisement
Chap.2 Lens and Image Sensor Technology
D1
D1 format, also known as SMPTE 259M, is a digital image format developed by SMPTE Engineering Committee
in 1986, and is used in tape recorders. In the NTSC system, D1 has an image size of 720x480, with maximum 30
frames per second; in the PAL system, D1 image size is 720x576, with maximum 25 frames per second. D1 format
is commonly used by analog cameras.
CIF
CIF (Common Intermediate Format), frequently used in video conferencing, appeared for the first time in the ITU-T
H.261 recommendation in 1990. CIF image size is 352x288, equal to 1/4 of a PAL image. Its full frame rate is 30
frames per second, the same as NTSC.
QCIF
176x120
CIF
352x240
(a)
VGA
VGA (Video Graphics Array) format was defined by IBM in 1987, with an image size of 640x480. Because a
common standard for PCs and industrial monitors, VGA has been widely used in digital image devices. IBM has
extended the VGA standard further into 1024x768 XGA (Extended Graphics Array) and 1600x1200 UGA (Ultra
Graphics Array).
1600x1200
Figure 2.11 Comparison of image sizes for VGA, 1.3 MP and 2 MP
12
4CIF
704x480
D1
720x480
Figure 2.10 CIF for (a) NTSC and (b) PAL
640x480
1280x1024
QCIF
176x144
CIF
352x288
(b)
4CIF
704x576
D1
720x576
Advertisement
Table of Contents
