Snom 4S SIP NAT gateway User Manual

Sip nat gateway version 0.97

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snom 4S SIP

NAT gateway

User Manual

Version 0.97

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Page 1 4S SIP NAT gateway User Manual Version 0.97 public private...
Page 2 IMPORTANT: snom reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. snom makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does snom assume any liability arising out of the...
Page 3 We believe that having a choice is good for you as a customer and therefore it is good for us. Let’s get VoIP up and running! Dr. Christian Stredicke snom technology AG...
Page 4: Table Of Contents
Contents Theory of Operation.............5 The NAT Problem .............5 Message Flow ............6 PPPoE ..............7 Domain proxy behind NAT.........8 Starting..............8 Manual Start ............8 Automatic Start ............. 10 Proxy Chain .............. 10 Outbound Proxy............. 11 IP Gateway ............11 Quality of Service ............12 Versions ...............
Page 5: Theory Of Operation
Theory of Operation The NAT Problem When the Internet was defined, only few computers were connected to the network. The designers used 32 bit addresses for identifying the network elements and introduced different classes for networks. Address areas were assigned to important institutions and regions.
Page 6: Message Flow
where the packets should be sent without prior knowl- edge about what is going on. Some vendors are working on a firewall control proto- col that tells the NAT gateway, which ports it should associate with what computer. However, the standard is not finalized yet.
Page 7: Pppoe
Routing calls through the NAT gateway re- quires “Record-Route” header. This way it is ensured that subsequent messages pass the NAT gateway next time as well. Make sure your equipment is able to handle these headers, they are mandatory according to the latest SIP draft.
Page 8: Domain Proxy Behind Nat
port the data from a more intelligent router to the modem, PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) is used. Due to the shortage on IP addresses, some DSL op- erators change the IP addresses of their clients on a periodical basis (e.g. daily). This should prevent that an IP address is blocked by a user that is not active.
Page 9 --logfile <file>: Set the log file. § --no-daemon: Don’t start the gateway as § daemon, keep attached to the terminal and don’t fork child processes. --no-path: Don’t insert Path headers, use § patched user names instead. This mode allows to use proxies that don’t support the Path header.
Page 10: Automatic Start
sipnat will try to guess the public and private address on its own. The public address is polled automatically if it has not been entered manually. This is useful be- cause some DSL internet provider change the public IP address on a periodical basis. Automatic Start If you want the gateway to be stated automatically after a reboot, you need to set up some files as root.
Page 11: Outbound Proxy
In this case you’ll need to set up the ports in /etc/rc.config.d/firewall2.rc.config like this: … FW_SERVICES_EXT_UDP="5060 10000:10999" FW_REDIRECT="192.168.0.0/16,0/0,udp,5060,5061" … For the snom 100 VoIP phone, you find the outbound proxy in the menu Settings, SIP, Outbound Proxy.
Page 12: Quality Of Service
The first line allows to access port 5060 (SIP port) and the ports 10000 to 10999 (RTP ports, see command line argument to the SIP NAT gateway). The second line forwards packet arriving at port 5060 to the port 5061, on which the SIP NAT gateway is expecting packets (using –connect-port 5061).
Page 13: Versions
Release Notes Versions Version 0.94 First release as a standalone package § Version 0.97 Path headers § Improved resource management. Ports were § not closed properly in previous revisions Support for domain proxy behind NAT § Outgoing RTP packets don’t traverse the §...

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