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Cavli Wireless CQ16 Hardware Manual

Lte cat 1 bis module
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Cavli CQ16
LTE Cat 1 bis Module
Hardware Manual
External Release Version 1.2
www.cavliwireless.com
www.cavliwireless.com
CQ16 Hardware Manual
1

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Summary of Contents for Cavli Wireless CQ16

  • Page 1 CQ16 Hardware Manual Cavli CQ16 LTE Cat 1 bis Module Hardware Manual External Release Version 1.2 www.cavliwireless.com www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 2 COPYRIGHT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HERE IS PROPRIETARY TECHNICAL INFORMATION OF CAVLI WIRELESS INC. TRANSMITTING, REPRODUCTION, DISSEMINATION AND EDITING OF THIS DOCUMENT AS WELL AS UTILIZATION OF THE CONTENT ARE FORBIDDEN WITHOUT PERMISSION. OFFENDERS WILL BE HELD LIABLE FOR PAYMENT OF DAMAGES.
  • Page 3 2.3 Module Function .......................... 12 3 Interface Application Description ....................14 3.1 Chapter Overview ........................14 3.2 Module Interface ......................... 15 3.2.1 CQ16 Pin Layout ......................................15 3.2.2 CQ16 Pin Interface ..................................... 16 3.2.3 Absolute maximum ratings ................................17 3.2.4 Operating Conditions ..................................... 17 3.2.4.1 Digital I/O characteristics ................................
  • Page 4 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.6.1 UART0 Serial Port – Debug UART ............................30 3.6.2 UART1 Serial Port – Main UART ..............................31 3.6.3 UART2 Serial Port ......................................32 3.6.4 Serial Port Application Circuit ..............................32 3.7 USIM Interface ..........................34 3.7.1 USIM Card Reference Circuit ................................. 35 3.8 General Purpose GPIO Interface .....................
  • Page 5 CQ16 Hardware Manual 5.6 Power Consumption Characteristics ..................52 6 Structural and Mechanical Properties..................54 6.1 Chapter Overview ........................54 6.2 CQ16 Module Mechanical Size ....................55 7 Appendix ............................. 57 10.1 Chapter Overview ........................57 10.2 Abbreviations ..........................57 10.3 Safety and Precautions ......................
  • Page 6 CQ16 Hardware Manual Table of Figures Figure 1: CQ16 Functional Block Diagram ......................12 Figure 2: CQ16 module Interface definition (top view) ..................15 Figure 3: VBAT power supply ........................... 25 Figure 4: Buck converter reference circuit ......................26 Figure 5: Power-on reference circuit ........................27 Figure 6: Reset reference circuit ..........................
  • Page 7 CQ16 Hardware Manual VERSION HISTORY Version Edit Date (DD/MM/YYY) • Initial Version 28/11/2024 • Removed GRFC Pins 23/01/2025 • Updated Pin Layout and Assignment Details 25/04/2025 • Added power consumption characteristics www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 8 CQ16 Hardware Manual Introduction This document is the Hardware Manual of the Cavli Wireless solution product CQ16 Module, which describes: ✓ The hardware composition and functional features of the module ✓ The definition and usage of the application interface The electrical performance and mechanical properties of the module ✓...
  • Page 9 Module Overview 2.1 Module Introduction This hardware manual provides detailed information on CQ16, a series of advanced LTE Cat 1bis modules designed specifically for space constrained IoT applications. These modules offer a cost- effective and power-efficient solution, making them ideal for OEMs transitioning from legacy 2G and 3G technologies to LTE.
  • Page 10 CQ16 Hardware Manual 2.2 Module Characteristics Table 2.1 Key Features Characteristics Description Physical Characteristics 17.7 x 15.8 x 2.5 mm,1.53 ± .01 g Fixed Way LGA package, patch mount Operating Voltage 3.1V – 4.5V Typical Voltage 3.8 V Application Processor ARM Cortex M3 with a clock frequency of 204MHz.
  • Page 11 ✓ Peak DL 10Mbps/ UL 5Mbps (CAT 1bis) ✓ Support for standard AT instruction sets (Hayes 3GPP TS AT Command 27.007 and 27.005) ✓ Specific AT Query CQ16 AT command set TCP(S)/HTTP(S)/MQTT(S)/UDP/PPP Network Protocol TLS versions supported as well ✓ MAIN x 1 Antenna Interface ✓...
  • Page 12 2.3 Module Function CQ16 Module mainly consists of the following circuit units: ✓ RF Band SAW Duplex array ✓ Multi-Band PA ✓ Interfaces The functional block diagram of the CQ16 module is shown below： Figure 1: CQ16 Functional Block Diagram www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 13 CQ16 Hardware Manual 2.4 Module Working Mode Table 1.2 work mode Working mode Description Turn off Mode In the case of shutdown, the module is fully powered off. The module closes the module RF circuit, unable to interact with the Flight Mode network.
  • Page 14 CQ16 Hardware Manual Interface Application Description 3.1 Chapter Overview This chapter mainly describes the interface definition and application of this module. It contains the following sections: • Module Interface • Power Interface • Switching Machine Reset Mode • USB Interface •...
  • Page 15 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.2 Module Interface 3.2.1 CQ16 Pin Layout CQ16 pins are assigned as follows： Figure 2: CQ16 module Interface definition (top view) www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 16 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.2.2 CQ16 Pin Interface The CQ16 module has the LGA interface. The module interface definition is shown in the following table: Symbol Description PAD ATTRIBUTE Analog Input Analog Output Analog input output Bidirectional digital with CMOS input...
  • Page 17 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.2.3 Absolute maximum ratings The absolute maximum ratings table reflects the stress levels that, if exceeded, may cause permanent damage to the device. No functionality is guaranteed outside the operating specifications. Functionality and reliability are only guaranteed within the operating conditions described in Operating conditions.
  • Page 18 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.2.4.1 Digital I/O characteristics The Digital I/O characteristics of RESETN, AGPIO are follows; Table 3.4 Digital I/O characteristics Parameter Description Typical Unit Supply voltage High-level input voltage 0.7 × VDD – Low-level input voltage – 0.2 × VDD...
  • Page 19 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.2.5 CQ16 PIN Assignment The CQ16 pin names are mentioned as follows. Table 3.5 Pin Name Voltage Pin name Pin Description Comments Type definition Ground Pin RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect...
  • Page 20 CQ16 Hardware Manual indication AT UART Data carrier MAIN_DCD detect MAIN_CTS AT UART Clear to send MAIN_RTS AT UART Request to send VDD_EXT 1.8V output LDO Module power on status STATUS indication RESERVED Do not connect Ground Pin Auxiliary UART Receive...
  • Page 21 CQ16 Hardware Manual VBAT Input Power VBAT Input Power RESERVED Do not connect Ground Pin Ground Pin Ground Pin Ground Pin RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect...
  • Page 22 CQ16 Hardware Manual I2C_SDA I2C Serial data I2C_SCL I2C Serial Clock RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect Ground Pin Ground Pin Ground Pin Ground Pin RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED...
  • Page 23 CQ16 Hardware Manual Ground Pin Ground Pin Ground Pin Ground Pin Ground Pin Analog to Digital ADC1 Converter Interface RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED Do not connect RESERVED...
  • Page 24 ✓ VBAT is the module working power supply. ✓ USIM_VDD is the working power supply for SIM card 3.3.1 Power Supply Design The power interface of the CQ16 module is as follows: Table 3.5 Power pin definitions Power supply Pin No.
  • Page 25 CQ16 Hardware Manual The CQ16 module can be powered by a single power supply mode. The module power supply range is between 3.1V – 4.5V ▪ It is recommended to use 3.8 V/830 mA power supply. ▪ If the module's operating voltage drop causes the VCC supply voltage to be too low or the supply current is ▪...
  • Page 26 Figure 4: Buck converter reference circuit 3.3.3 VDD_EXT 1.8 Voltage Output The CQ16 module outputs 1.8V through VDD_EXT for internal digital circuitry. This voltage is the logic level voltage of the module. After normal power-on, the 24 pin will output 1.8V and the current load will be 50mA.
  • Page 27 The 7 pin of the CQ16 module is Power on pin. The module can be powered on by pulling down the POWERKEY Low for at least 500ms. The user can check whether the module is powered on by querying the high and low levels of the VDD_EXT pin.
  • Page 28 Description V_min V_Typical V_max RESET Module Reset Control NOTE ✓ The CQ16 module supports AT command reset, and the AT command is AT+TRB to restart the module. Detailed instructions can be found in the CQ16 AT Command Set Manual. www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 29 The CQ16 module USB interface supports USB2.0 high-speed protocol, only in slave mode, and does not support USB charging mode. USB input and output traces must comply with the USB2.0 feature. The input power supply of USB_VBUS is 3.3V - 5V. AT interfacing and Ethernet via USB is possible in Cavli CQ16 module.
  • Page 30 USB bus power, the module can only be used as a slave device of the USB bus device. 3.6 UART Interface The CQ16 module provides three sets of UART interfaces. Main serial port and Auxiliary serial ports, serial port level is 1.8V.
  • Page 31 CQ16 Hardware Manual NOTE ✓ It is always advisable to have a test point for this UART in your design for debugging purposes. 3.6.2 UART1 Serial Port – Main UART This serial port can realize AT interactive instructions, print program log information, and interact with peripheral data and firmware update.
  • Page 32 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.6.3 UART2 Serial Port The pins 28 and 29 of the module are UART2 serial port pins. The pins are defined as follows: Table 3.12 UART2 serial port pin definition Voltage Pin No. Signal name Description V_min...
  • Page 33 CQ16 Hardware Manual Figure 8: Full-featured serial port design If you need to use a 2-wire serial port, you can refer to the following serial port design: Figure 9: UART serial port design The serial port of the module is TTL 1.8V level. If the serial port needs to be connected to the MCU of 3.3V level, it is necessary to add a level conversion chip externally to achieve level matching.
  • Page 34 Figure 10: Level conversion chip circuit 3.7 USIM Interface The CQ16 module provides a USIM card interface compatible with the ISO 7816-3 standard. The USIM card power supply is provided by the module's internal power manager and supports 1.8V/3.0V Table 3.13 SIM card signal definition...
  • Page 35 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.7.1 USIM Card Reference Circuit The CQ16 module does not come with a USIM card slot. Users need to design a USIM card slot on their own interface board. The module supports USIM of voltages 1.8V and 2.85V.
  • Page 36 ✓ Only GPIO7 is available for toggling via AT command (AT+GPSET=0/1) 3.9 Network Status Indication Interface The CQ16 Module provides an open-drain GPIO signal to indicate the status of the RF communication. 3.9.1 Network Status CQ16 provides two network status indication pins: USB_BOOT & NET_STATUS (Pins 82 & 16). These pins are used to drive a network status indication LED.
  • Page 37 CQ16 Hardware Manual Table 3.15 Network Indicator Pin Definition Voltage Signal name Description V_min V_typical V_max USB_BOOT Boot USB function 1.75 1.85 NET_STATUS Network status indication 1.75 1.85 Table 3.16 Network Indication Status Status LED display status No service Searching for Network...
  • Page 38 Remember to use only one among the pins 82 and 16. While using one, keep the other floating. 3.9.2 Module Status Indication ✓ The CQ16 module provides a pin as a working status indicator for the module ✓ This pin can be used to connect to a GPIO or LED with pull-up ✓...
  • Page 39 The following figure shows the STATUS reference circuit design: Figure 13:STATUS Pin Reference Circuit 3.10 I2S Interface CQ16 module provides a set of I2S bus interface which is used for connecting digital audio devices. Table 3.19 I2S pin definition Voltage...
  • Page 40 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.11 I2C Bus The CQ16 module provides a set of hardware bidirectional serial buses with an I2C interface of 1.8V level, a 5.0 Protocol interface, and a clock rate of 400 KHz. Table 3.20 I2C pin definition Voltage Pin No.
  • Page 41 ADC0 interface 0 3.13 Antenna The CQ16 module provides one main set antenna interface, which is responsible for the Cat 1bis signals of the transceiver module The impedance of the antenna interfaces are 50 ohms. Table 3.23 Antenna interface pin definition...
  • Page 42 CQ16 Hardware Manual Recommended circuit is shown below： Figure 15: Main antenna matching circuit NOTE ✓ An external LDO can be selected to supply power according to the active antenna requirement. ✓ If the module is designed with a passive antenna, then the VDD circuit is not needed.
  • Page 43 3.14.1 RF Trace Reference The main set of the CQ16 module are extracted by pad. The antenna pad to the antenna feed point must use microstrip lines or other types of RF traces. The characteristic impedance of the signal line should be controlled at 50Ω.
  • Page 44 CQ16 Hardware Manual Figure 17: The complete structure of the two-layer PCB microstrip line Figure 18: The complete structure of the multilayer PCB strip line NOTE • Since Coplanar antennas are having maximum noise immunity, it is preferred. www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 45 CQ16 Hardware Manual 3.15 Control Interface Table 3.25 Control interface pin definition Pin No. Signal name Description STATUS Module power on status indication PSM_IND Put into Flight Mode STATUS: This pin is used to get the status of the module.
  • Page 46 CQ16 Hardware Manual Overall Technical Indicators 4.1 Chapter Overview The CQ16 module RF overall specifications include the following sections: ✓ Working frequency ✓ Antenna requirements 4.2 Working Frequency Table 4.1 RF frequency table Frequency band Uplink frequency Downstream frequency Mode LTE B1 1920MHz–1980MHz...
  • Page 47 CQ16 Hardware Manual LTE B25 1850 MHz - 1915 MHz 1930MHz – 1995 MHz LTE B26 814 MHz - 849 MHz 859 MHz - 894 MHz LTE B28 703 MHz - 748 MHz 758 MHz - 803 MHz LTE B40...
  • Page 48 CQ16 Hardware Manual 4.4 Antenna Requirements CQ16 Module Antenna Design Requirements: Table 4.2 Antenna indicator requirements Frequency Standing wave Antenna Effectiveness band ratio gain B1 FDD <2:1 >16.5 <-88 〉-2.5dbi 〉40% B2 FDD <2:1 >16.5 <-88 〉-2.5dbi 〉40% B3 FDD <2:1...
  • Page 49 CQ16 Hardware Manual B41 TDD <2:1 >16.5 <-88 〉-2.5dbi 〉40% B66 FDD <2:1 >16.5 <-88 〉-2.5dbi 〉40% www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 50 -45°C 90°C 5.3 Electrostatic Property There is no overvoltage protection inside the CQ16 module. The ESD protection is required when the module is used to ensure product quality. ESD design recommendations: ✓ The USB port needs to add TVS on VDD, D+, D- for protection, and the TVS parasitic capacitance on D+/D- is <2pF...
  • Page 51 ±4 ±8 USIM interface ±4 ±8 VBAT power supply ±4 ±8 5.4 Module IO Level The CQ16 module IO levels are as follows: Table 5.3 Electrical Characteristics of CQ16 module Parameter Description Minimum Maximum High level input 0.65* VDD_EXT VDD_EXT+0.3V...
  • Page 52 CQ16 Hardware Manual 5.5 Power Supply The CQ16 module input power requirements are as follows: Table 5.3 CQ16 module Operating Voltage Parameter Minimum value Typical value Maximum value Input Voltage 3.1V 3.8V 4.5V The power-on time of any interface of the module must not be earlier than the boot time of the module, otherwise the module may be abnormal or damaged.
  • Page 53 CQ16 Hardware Manual Sleep 2 41.64 µA 32.38 µA SHUTDOWN 26.54 µA www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 54 CQ16 Hardware Manual Structural and Mechanical Properties 6.1 Chapter Overview ✓ Module structural image ✓ Module mechanical size 6.2 Module Structural Image The figure below shows the top and bottom view of the module. Figure 19: Top view and bottom view of the module...
  • Page 55 CQ16 Hardware Manual 6.2 CQ16 Module Mechanical Size The figure below shows the bottom view size of the module: Figure 20: Front view and side view of the module (unit: mm) www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 56 CQ16 Hardware Manual Figure 21: Bottom view of the module (unit: mm) www.cavliwireless.com...
  • Page 57 CQ16 Hardware Manual Appendix 10.1 Chapter Overview ✓ Abbreviations ✓ Safety and precautions 10.2 Abbreviations Table 10.1 Abbreviations Abbreviations Full name 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project Access Point Adaptive Multi-rate Bit Error Rate China Compulsory Certification CDMA Code Division Multiple Access...
  • Page 58 CQ16 Hardware Manual Discontinuous Reception EDGE Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution European Union Electromagnetic Compatibility Electrostatic Discharge Federal Communications Commission GPRS General Packet Radio Service Global System for Mobile Communication HSDPA High-Speed Downlink Packet Access HSPA Enhanced High Speed Packet Access...
  • Page 59 CQ16 Hardware Manual Transient Voltage Suppressor Transmitting Direction UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System USIM Universal Subscriber Identity Module USSD Unstructured Supplementary Service Data VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access WWAN Wireless Wide Area Network 10.3 Safety and Precautions...