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Full-throttle runups over loose gravel are especially harmful to
propeller tips. When take-offs must be made over a gravel surface,
it is very important that the throttle be advanced slowly. This
allows the airplane to start rolling before high RPM is developed,
and the gravel will be blown back of the propeller rather than
pulled into it.
propeller blades, they should be immediately corrected as
described in Section IV under propeller care.
Prior to take-off from fields above 5000 feet elevation, the
mixture should be leaned to give maximum RPM in a full-throtte,
static runup.
WING FLAP SETTINGS
Normal and obstacle clearance take-offs are performed with
wing flaps up. The use of 10
approximately 10%, but this advantage is lost in the climb to a 50-
foot obstacle.
minimum ground runs or for take-off from soft or rough fields with
no obstacles ahead.
If 10
flaps are used for a minimum ground run (with no
O
obstacles), the flaps may be retracted as the airplane accelerates to
the normal flaps-up climb speed of 80 to 90 MPH. When an obstacle
is involved, use the best angle-of-climb speed of approximately 65
MPH with 10
extended rather than retract them in the climb to the obstacle. As
soon as the obstacle is cleared, the flaps may be retracted as the
airplane accelerates to the normal flaps-up climb speed. During a
high altitude take-off in hot weather where climb would be
marginal with 10
used for take-off.
Flap settings of 30
take-off.
PERFORMANCE CHARTS
Consult the Take-Off Data chart in Section V for take-off
distances
under
temperature, and runway surface conditions.
When unavoidable small dents appear in the
Therefore, the use of 10
of flaps. Also, it is preferable to leave the flaps
O
flaps, it is recommended that the flaps not be
O
to 40
O
various
flaps will shorten the ground run
O
are not recommended at any time for
O
gross
weight,
flaps is reserved for
O
altitude,
headwind,
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