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A number of different
shutter speed-aperture
combina-
tions will usually result in the
same
exposure. The
"best" one
depends
on
the results desired
.
Use fast
_
shutter speeds
to
"freeze"
motion
or slow ones
to
create
deliberate blur. Small
apertures give greater
depth
of
field
,
large ones let the
subject stand out
against an ou
t-of-focus background
(see
"Depth
of
Field
,"
p.21.
).
Centering the Needle
To determine
correct
exposure,
adjust
the
aperture
and/or shutter speed
until the meter needle
in
the
viewfinder
IS centered
(the
-
and
+
marks let
you
know
whether
you are
under-
or
overexposing). A
second
meter needle is
conveniently
located
on
top
of
the
camera
for use with
the
camera held
at waist-
level
or
mounted
on a
tripod.
For
fine
adjustments of
le
ss
than
one f!number
,
use the
aperture
ring
as
it per-
mits reliable intermediate
settings.
Under
extremely
low light
conditions
the meter nee-
dle may
center at
the
"B" setting
on the
shutter
speed
dial.
If
so
,
correct
exposure
time is
2 seconds.
If
the needle moves
erratically or
cannot be
centered
even after all
possible aperture-shutter speed
com-
binations have been tried, then the light is too bright
or dim for the meter's range. Effective range
(coupl-
ing range
)
varies
according
to the lens
and
film
speed
used. For example, with the SOmm
f!1.4
lens
and a
film speed of ASA 100
,
it
extends
from f/1.4
at
1/4
second
to f!ll at 1/1000
second.
13
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