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A number of different shutter speed-aperture combina-
tions will usually result in the same exposure. The
"best" one depends on the results desired. Use fast
shutter speeds to "freeze"? motion or slow ones to
create deliberate blur. Small apertures give greater
depth of field, large ones let the subject stand out
against an out-of-focus background (see "Depth of
Field," p.19.).
Centering the Needle
To determine correct exposure, adjust the aperture
and/or shutter speed until the meter needle in the
viewfinder is centered (the — and + marks let you
know whether you are under- or overexposing). A
second meter needle is conveniently located on top of
the camera for use with the camera held at waist-
level or mounted on a tripod. For fine adjustments of
less than one f/number, use the aperture ring as it per-
mits reliable intermediate settings.
Under extremely low light conditions the meter nee-
dle may
center at the "B" setting on
the shutter
speed dial. If so, correct exposure time is 2 seconds.
If the needle moves erratically or cannot be centered
even after all possible aperture-shutter speed com-
binations have been tried, then the light is too bright
or dim for the meter's range. Effective range (coupl-
ing range) varies according to the lens and film speed
used. For example, with the 50mm f/1.4 lens and a
film speed of ASA 100, it extends from f/1.4 at 1/4
second to f/11 at 1/1000 second.
250
125
60
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