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TIC SDR-OMNI User Manual

Avionics test set
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SDR-OMNI
AVIONICS TEST SET
2023-CLS-TIC-0001
USER MANUAL
Revision B, 6 June 2023
Tel-Instrument Electronics Corp.
One Branca Road
East Rutherford, NJ 07073
(201) 993-1600
www.telinstrument.com

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  • Page 1 SDR-OMNI AVIONICS TEST SET 2023-CLS-TIC-0001 USER MANUAL Revision B, 6 June 2023 Tel-Instrument Electronics Corp. One Branca Road East Rutherford, NJ 07073 (201) 993-1600 www.telinstrument.com...
  • Page 2 NOTICE: The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. Tel-Instrument Electronics Corp. makes no warranty of any kind to this material, nor shall be liable including but not limited to, errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishings, performance, or use of this material.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Retrieving and Printing Test Reports ....................... 29 Updating SDR-OMNI Software ........................ 29 ADMIN Mode ............................33 Chapter 5 Avionics Testing using the SDR-OMNI ....................34 Testing ATC Transponders ........................34 Testing 1090 MHz ADS-B OUT ....................... 53 Testing 978 MHz UAT ADS-B OUT ......................58 Testing 978 MHz UAT ADS-B IN and FIS-B ....................
  • Page 4 Testing Aircraft Audio Systems ........................ 92 5.12 Testing SELCAL Systems ........................95 Chapter 6 Antenna and Cable Testing Using the SDR-OMNI ................. 97 VSWR/Distance-to-Fault Calibration ......................97 Measuring VSWR and/or Return Loss ..................... 99 Measuring Distance to Fault (DTF) ......................101 Cable Loss Testing..........................

  • Page 5: Warranty

    Additional information regarding the applications and maintenance of this equipment will be available from time to time. Obtaining Warranty Service If the SDR-OMNI requires service or repair under the warranty, follow these steps to ensure proper handling: NOTE The SDR-OMNI must be returned in its original shipping container. If the original shipping container is not available, inform Customer Support of this when contacting them.
  • Page 6 1. Wrap the SDR-OMNI in bubble sheeting or plastic wrap. 2. Place the SDR-OMNI into its original packaging material and shipping container. 3. Place the RMA form on top of the SDR-OMNI unit inside the shipping container before sealing the shipping container.

  • Page 7: Safety Precautions

    2. The various SDR-OMNI connectors, switches, and controls can be located by referring to Chapter 3. 3. Take the time to learn the proper operation and function of the SDR-OMNI. Complete knowledge of the Test Set and its capabilities greatly reduces the time it takes to complete the tests.

  • Page 8: Electrostatic Discharge (Esd)

    Ensure soldering irons are grounded before use. • Do not remove any components or disconnect any connectors located in the SDR-OMNI with the power “ON”. • Properly ground all test equipment being used. Refer to the test equipment operating manual for information.

  • Page 9: Chapter 1 Introduction

    The SDR-OMNI can be powered by either battery or AC adapter. The SDR-OMNI includes a lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery that lasts 6 hours with continuous operation or 24 hours on a 20% duty cycle. The SDR-OMNI also includes an AC adapter (100-240 Volts AC (VAC), 47-63 hertz (Hz)) that can power the device and charge the battery.

  • Page 10: Chapter 2 Preparation For Use

    Tel-Instrument Electronics Corp. 2.1 UNPACKING 1. After receiving the SDR-OMNI, inspect the shipping container for damage. Note any damage in case the SDR-OMNI unit is also damaged. 2. Remove the SDR-OMNI from the shipping container and packaging material. Retain the shipping container and packaging material for future shipment or storage.
  • Page 11 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual DESCRIPTION TIC PART QUANTITY NUMBER TAP-OMNI Whip Antenna Adapter 54000044 10-Meter Antenna Coupler Cable 75010601 3-Meter Direct Connect Cable 75010605 VSWR Bridge Connect Cables, 12 in 75010600 (BNC-male to N-male) Insertion Loss Calibration Cable, 12 in...
  • Page 12 2.2.1 Transit Case The Transit Case (Figure 2-1) safely stores the SDR-OMNI and its accessories while they are not in use. The Transit Case can be carried using the carrying handles, or the Transit Case can be rolled using the two wheels and extendable handle.
  • Page 13 The Telescopic Antenna can be extended out of the passenger door or the pilot’s window. Otherwise, the SDR-OMNI should be placed 10 to 30 feet (3 to 9 meters) from the unit under test (UUT) antenna with an unobstructed line-of-sight.
  • Page 14 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2023-CLS-TIC-0006 Figure 2-3. Telescopic Antenna Table 2-2. NAV Frequencies FUNCTION TESTED ANTENNA LENGTH MB (75.0 MHz) Fully Extended VOR (108.00-117.95 MHz) 28.5 inches (72 cm) LOC (108.10 – 111.95 MHz) 28.5 inches (72 cm) GS (329.15 –...
  • Page 15 The Wi-Fi Antenna (Figure 2-5) enables the SDR-OMNI to connect to a wireless network. 2023-CLS-TIC-0008 Figure 2-5. Wi-Fi Antenna 2.2.6 GPS Antenna The GPS Antenna (Figure 2-6) enables the SDR-OMNI’s internal GPS receiver to receive GPS signals. 2023-CLS-TIC-0009 Figure 2-6. GPS Antenna Revision B...
  • Page 16 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2.2.7 Kickstand Mount The Kickstand Mount (Figure 2-7) supports the SDR-OMNI so it can be placed in a comfortable position for viewing. 2023-CLS-TIC-0010 Figure 2-7. Kickstand Mount Page 12 6 June 2023 Revision B...
  • Page 17 Two Micro USB Adapter Cables (Figure 2-8) are provided. The USB-A to Micro USB Cable (1) enables the SDR- OMNI to connect to a personal computer (PC) for uploading new program file into the SDR-OMNI and downloading test reports. A second cable, USB-A to Micro B-Female Cable (2), is also provided if needed.
  • Page 18 2.2.11 VSWR Bridge Connect Cables Two identical 12-inch VSWR Bridge Connect Cables (Figure 2-11) are provided to connect the SDR-OMNI to the INPUT and OUTPUT ports on the VSWR Return Loss Bridge. They have a BNC-male on one end and an N-male on the other end.
  • Page 19 2.2.12 Insertion Loss Calibration Cable The Insertion Loss Calibration Cable (Figure 2-12) is a 12-inch BNC-male to BNC-male cable that connect the ANT-A and ANT-B ports on the SDR-OMNI during the Cable Loss calibration procedure. 2023-CLS-TIC-0015 Figure 2-12 Insertion Loss Calibration Cable 2.2.13 Headset...
  • Page 20 A Whip Antenna Adapter is also included in the SDR-OMNI kit. It is used when testing aircraft that have a short L- Band dipole transponder antenna. The whip adapter fits into the bottom of the TAP-OMNI, which is then placed over the dipole antenna and clamped into place.
  • Page 21 Connect Cable (1) connects the SDR-OMNI directly to a transponder, bypassing the antenna. The 10-Meter Antenna Coupler Connect Cable (2) connects the SDR-OMNI to the TAP-OMNI Antenna Coupler. Both cables have the cable loss, in dB, marked on the cables. These values will be entered into the SDR-OMNI during the initial setup procedure.
  • Page 22 3 N-MALE TO BNC-FEMALE Figure 2-16. RF Connector Adapters 2.2.17 Audio Test Cable An audio test cable (Figure 2-17) is provide with a Civil Phone/Mic plug to SDR-OMNI Test connector. This cable is used to test aircraft audio systems. 2023-CLS-TIC-0020 Figure 2-17.

  • Page 23: Battery

    The SDR-OMNI is factory equipped with a rechargeable Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) battery capable of operating the SDR-OMNI at a 20% duty cycle for up to 24 hours at -4 to 131 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) (-20 to 55 degrees Celsius (°C)). This represents a full day of testing on a single charge. When operating the SDR-OMNI in lower temperatures, the charge duration will decrease.

  • Page 24: Chapter 3 Sdr-Omni Overview

    User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set CHAPTER 3 SDR-OMNI OVERVIEW 3.1 CONTROLS Figure 3-1 illustrates the controls for the SDR-OMNI. Table 3-1 describes the SDR-OMNI controls. 2023-CLS-TIC-0021 Figure 3-1. Controls for SDR-OMNI Table 3-1. Description of SDR-OMNI Controls NAME DESCRIPTION Status Indicators Indicates the GPS and battery status.

  • Page 25: Indicators And Connectors

    SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 3.2 INDICATORS AND CONNECTORS Figure 3-2 illustrates the indicators and connectors for the SDR-OMNI. Table 3-2 describes the SDR-OMNI indicators and connectors. 2023-CLS-TIC-00222021-CLS-TIC-0006 Figure 3-2 SDR-OMNI Indicators and Connectors Revision B 6 June 2023...
  • Page 26 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 3-2. Description of SDR-OMNI Indicators and Connectors NAME DESCRIPTION Wi-Fi Receives the Wi-Fi Antenna. Receives the GPS Antenna. TNC female - Direct Connect port for direct connection to UUT or to TAP-OMNI Antenna Coupler.
  • Page 27 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 3-3. TEST Connector pinout SIGNAL DESCRIPTION NUMBER Audio Measurements Input, 10V p-p, 10 kohm AC coupled Audio Signal Generator Out, 4Vp-p Hi-Z, 50 ohm source Z AC coupled Arbitrary Waveform Generator ch 1 / RX video "I" (4Vp-p into hi Z, 50 ohm source Z) Arbitrary Waveform Generator ch 2 / RX video "Q"...

  • Page 28: Chapter 4 Powering On And Initial Setup

    3 seconds. A popup asking to Confirm shutdown will appear. 2. Press Power Off in the Confirm shutdown popup to continue with powering off the SDR-OMNI. Otherwise, press Cancel to close the Confirm shutdown popup and continue using the SDR-OMNI.

  • Page 29: Home Menu

    SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 4.3 HOME MENU HOME/SETTINGS BUTTON 2023-CLS-TIC-0023 Figure 4-1. Home Menu Revision B 6 June 2023 Page 25...

  • Page 30: Global System Settings

    A slider bar (1) controls the screen brightness. To increase battery life, use as dim a setting as practical. 4.4.2 Ignore Alignment Prompt The SDR-OMNI periodically (every 10 minutes, or if the internal temperature changes by 5⁰ F) runs an RF alignment procedure to ensure maximum accuracy over temperature. This could possibly occur during an extended avionics test (e.g., transmitting VOR/ILS/COMM/UAT or receiving ADS-B OUT data), thereby...
  • Page 31 Never. If the screen times out, simply touching the screen will turn it back on. 4.4.4 Position Source For ADS-B IN and OUT tests, the SDR-OMNI needs to have a valid GPS position. This can be obtained using one of the three Position Source (4) options: 1.

  • Page 32: Charging The Battery

    4. Verify that the Power Indicator (3) on the AC Power Adapter/DC Charger (2) lights. 5. Observe the Charging LED (Figure 3-2, 9) on the left side of the SDR-OMNI, next to the DC Charger connector. When steady yellow, the SDR-OMNI is charging. The Battery Status icon (Figure 3-1, 1) in the upper right corner of the screen will also show a charging status.

  • Page 33: Retrieving And Printing Test Reports

    4.7.1 Installing the SDR-OMNI Updater Program First, the user must install the SDR-OMNI Updater Program on the PC or laptop computer. The installation file is found on the CD-ROM that was part of the SDR-OMNI accessories kit. This program can also be downloaded from the TIC website.
  • Page 34 6. Use the “Browse” button to search for and select the *.swu file to be loaded into the SDR-OMNI. 7. Click Start on the program. 8. Press and hold the “OK” button on the right side of the SDR-OMNI. Hold until the screen says USB DFU Active.
  • Page 35 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 2023-CLS-TIC-0027 Figure 4-5 SDR-OMNI Update Program and Help Instructions Revision B 6 June 2023 Page 31...
  • Page 36 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2023-CLS-TIC-0028 Figure 4-6 Successful Software Update Page 32 6 June 2023 Revision B...

  • Page 37: Admin Mode

    User Manual 4.8 ADMIN MODE The SDR-OMNI features an Administration Mode (Figure 4-7) whereby the high-level Test Equipment Administrator can specify stored preset test steps that are not able to be modified by the local user. This could prove useful in a production environment where a standardized test procedure is to be accomplished every time.

  • Page 38: Chapter 5 Avionics Testing Using The Sdr-Omni

    CHAPTER 5 AVIONICS TESTING USING THE SDR-OMNI 5.1 TESTING ATC TRANSPONDERS The SDR-OMNI has been designed to rapidly recertify Mode S ATC transponders according to US Federal Aviation Regulations Part 43, Appendix F. This is the primary ATC transponder test function. In addition, there are several other transponder test functions available in the Transponder Menu page;...
  • Page 39 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 5.1.1 Transponder Setup 1. Select Transponder. The Transponder Setup popup screen (Figure 5-2) will appear. 2. This screen is used to select the connection method for testing the transponder – either Direct Connect, TAP-OMNI Antenna Coupler, or Over-the-Air using the L-Band Directional Antenna.
  • Page 40 2. Select Antenna A in the Port field (Figure 5-3, 1). 3. Using Antenna Cable (2): Check this box only if an extension cable is inserted between the SDR-OMNI and the L-Band Directional Antenna. If this box is checked, the operator will be asked to enter the cable length and the cable loss.
  • Page 41 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 5. 1030 Antenna Gain (5): Enter the value marked on the supplied L-Band Directional Antenna. This value is stored and only needs to be done the first time the test set is used. 6. 1090 Antenna Gain (6): Enter the value marked on the supplied L-Band Directional Antenna. This value is stored and only needs to be done the first time the test set is used.
  • Page 42 Figure 5-4. Transponder Test Menu Prior to starting a selected test, the SDR-OMNI goes through a very rapid Target ID procedure to determine what type of transponder it is testing: ATCRBS (Modes 3A and 3C only) or Mode S. If a Mode S transponder is detected, it determines whether it is a Diversity Transponder (with Top and Bottom antennas) and the extent of its Communications Capability.
  • Page 43 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 4. If an ATCRBS reply is detected, the SDR-OMNI switches to ATCRBS interrogations and assumes that the UUT is ATCRBS only. 5. If no reply is detected to the ATCRBS/Mode S All-Call interrogations, the SDR-OMNI stops interrogating and begins listening for DF11 squitters for 6 seconds.
  • Page 44 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set NO TRANSPONDER FOUND TRANSPONDER IDENTIFICATION & ANTENNA SELECTION 2023-CLS-TIC-0034 Figure 5-5. Aircraft Selection Page 40 6 June 2023 Revision B...
  • Page 45 If no transponder was detected during the Target ID period, the operator may manually enter the Mode S aircraft address (in hexadecimal), if known, of the transponder UUT. This will allow the SDR-OMNI to proceed with testing. Or, ATCRBS can be selected to allow Mode 3/A and 3/C interrogations to begin.
  • Page 46 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2023-CLS-TIC-0037 Figure 5-7. Target Transponder Manual Entry – ATCRBS Options Page 42 6 June 2023 Revision B...
  • Page 47 (or over) the wing, or under or above the fuselage. 3. The SDR-OMNI will create a separate test report for each antenna tested. Thus, a complete UUT test will contain a test report for the Top antenna and another report for the Bottom antenna.
  • Page 48 Paragraph 5.1.4, the operator should select either the Top Antenna or Bottom Antenna button. Obviously, if the transponder is ATCRBS only, the SDR-OMNI will not perform Mode S tests. 2. The unit will then begin an automated test lasting approximately 15 seconds for a single antenna transponder and 35 seconds for a Diversity transponder.
  • Page 49 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 5-1. FAA Part 43 Test Results Description NAME DESCRIPTION Overall Top level PASS (green check) /FAIL (red X). If any test failed, it will show FAIL. FAR 43 Appendix F para. (a) – Reply frequency error from 1090.000 MHz Frequency ATCRBS limit: +/- 3.000 MHz Mode S limit: +/- 1.000 MHz...
  • Page 50 (Figure 5-11). The operator can then enter a job ID, which could be a work order number, or the tail number of the aircraft. Then press Save. The SDR-OMNI will save the test report with the Job ID and a time and date stamp.
  • Page 51 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 2023-CLS-TIC-0040 Figure 5-11. Job ID Entry Keyboard 3. To access and print the Test Report (Figure 5-12), refer to Paragraph 4.6 Revision B 6 June 2023 Page 47...
  • Page 52 ADS-B OUT squitters, e.g. autopilot modes, flight attitudes, and air data information. This is done via a GICB (Ground Initiated Comm-B) interrogation, which specifies the BDS register number of the data being requested. The SDR-OMNI has the capability to issue a GICB interrogation to any one of the 256 BDS registers. Page 48...
  • Page 53 5.1.11 Ground Initiated Comm-B (GICB) Any of the 256 BDS registers can be interrogated with the SDR-OMNI (refer to Figure 5-14). Simply enter the 2-digit hexadecimal BDS register number desired. Once the empty BDS Register edit field is pressed, a hexadecimal keyboard will appear.
  • Page 54 1. Ident Test: Press the IDENT button on the aircraft transponder control panel. The Ident indicator on the SDR-OMNI screen should illuminate in green and the Elapsed Time counter will begin counting the length of time that the IDENT pulse is being replied to Mode 3A/C interrogations. It should be approximately 17 seconds.
  • Page 55 This lockout condition should persist for 18 +/- 1 seconds after the last acceptance of an interrogation containing the multisite lockout command. This is an automated test that requires no additional user input. During this test, the SDR-OMNI: 1. Sends a Mode-S All-Call (UF11) and confirms that the transponder responds.
  • Page 56 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 5.1.14 Manual Tests The Manual Test selection on the ATC Transponder test menu allows the operator to run a suite of tests specific to Mode 3/A or Mode 3/C or Mode S. The test suite includes most of the required Part 43-F tests, as well as additional parametric Reply Measurements on the reply pulses, including: •...

  • Page 57: Testing 1090 Mhz Ads-B Out

    The connection and antenna setup is identical to that of testing an ATC Transponder (refer to Paragraphs 5.1.2 and 5.1.3). Once the Setup parameters have been entered and the popup closed, the SDR-OMNI will begin to listen for DF17 Mode S squitters. If testing over-the-air, make sure the L-Band Directional Antenna is pointed toward the aircraft under test.
  • Page 58 (2) Data that is transmitted only in AIR mode (e.g. TCAS Operational, RA active), and (3) Common data that is transmitted in both AIR and GROUND modes. For this reason, the SDR-OMNI keeps track of the data that it has received and displays the progress at the top of the ADS-B data screen.
  • Page 59 5.2.4 SDR-OMNI ADS-B OUT Real-time Data Display The SDR-OMNI acts as a real-time ADS-B receiver and data display unit during the ADS-B test. Data is continuously updated as it is received. If the ADS-B OUT system stops transmitting certain data, or all data, the SDR-OMNI affected data fields will eventually time out and display nulls (---).
  • Page 60 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set BDS 6,5: Operational Status – numerous status bits, figures of merit (both modes) 2023-CLS-TIC-0048 Figure 5-19. FAR 91.227 ADS-B OUT Summary Screen (Scrolled) Page 56 6 June 2023 Revision B...
  • Page 61 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 2023-CLS-TIC-0049 Figure 5-20. BDS 6 Decoded Data Screens Revision B 6 June 2023 Page 57...

  • Page 62: Testing 978 Mhz Uat Ads-B Out

    ATC Transponder (refer to Paragraphs 5.1.2 and 5.1.3). Once the Setup parameters have been entered and the popup closed, the SDR-OMNI will begin to listen for 978 MHz Message Element transmissions. If testing over-the-air, ensure the L-Band Directional Antenna is pointed toward the aircraft under test.
  • Page 63 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual LEGEND 1 TEST NAME 2 TEST CATEGORY 3 SUMMARY 4 PAYLOAD 5 TEST CATEGORY NAME 6 PASS ICON 7 NO INFORMATION ICON 8 SCROLLBAR 9 TEST RESULT VALUE 10 RUN ICON 11 MENU ICON...
  • Page 64 If a test returns a value, it will display here. Run Icon When selected, runs the 978 MHz UAT Out test. Menu Icon Back Icon When selected, this icon will cause the SDR-OMNI to display the Air Traffic Control menu. Page 60 6 June 2023 Revision B...
  • Page 65 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual LEGEND 1 RECORD NAME 2 SUMMARY 3 PAYLOAD 4 RECORD VALUE 5 SCROLLBAR 6 TS 7 AUX SV 8 RUN ICON 9 MS 10 MENU ICON 11 SV 12 BACK ICON 13 HDR 2023-CLS-TIC-0051 Figure 5-22.
  • Page 66 When background is dark and text is white, the SV element is currently displayed. Back Icon When selected, this icon will cause the SDR-OMNI to display the Air Traffic Control menu. When select, displays the HDR element data. If text is gray, HDR (Header) element is not available.

  • Page 67: Testing 978 Mhz Uat Ads-B In And Fis-B

    The initial position of the targets is at the four cardinal bearings (0⁰, 90⁰, 180⁰, and 270⁰) from the aircraft’s own position (which is the GPS position saved in the SDR-OMNI), each at a range of 3 nautical miles (nmi) (Figure 5-23, 1).
  • Page 68 Directional Antenna toward the aircraft UUT antenna. Press Close. b. If Direct T/R, connect the UAT UUT to the SDR-OMNI T/R port using a supplied cable. Enter the Cable Length and Cable Loss (marked on the cable). Press Close.

  • Page 69: Testing Acas/Tcas Systems

    Figure 5-24. NEXRAD Test Patterns 5.5 TESTING ACAS/TCAS SYSTEMS The SDR-OMNI can test 1030 MHz interrogation-based Collision Avoidance Systems by simulating a single intruder aircraft. The intruder can be configured to respond to CAS interrogations as either an ATCRBS target (replying with Mode 3C) or a Mode S target (responding to Mode S All-Call and Selective Interrogations).
  • Page 70 Directional Antenna Antenna Cable If an extension cable is placed between the SDR-OMNI and the L-Band Directional Antenna, enter its loss value (default = 0.0 dB) Enter the Mode S address of the simulated intruder. Note – it is usually Mode S Address not necessary to enter a different value than the default address.
  • Page 71 25 to 75 feet (8 to 25 meters). Do not test any closer than 10 feet (3 meters). 4. When the TCAS test screen is selected, the SDR-OMNI will begin listening for 1030 MHz interrogations. 5. The upper portion of the screen contains RF measurements and status data. It will begin displaying received Power, Frequency Error, and PRF if it is receiving valid TCAS interrogations from the UUT.
  • Page 72 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2023-CLS-TIC-0054 Figure 5-26. TCAS Screen Table 5-5. TCAS Screen Fields and Controls NAME DESCRIPTION Target Range Displays real-time intruder range from the UUT Altitude Displays real-time altitude being reported by intruder Altitude Offset Displays real-time difference between intruder altitude and UUT altitude.
  • Page 73 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual NAME DESCRIPTION Status of Mode S intruder: Searching – Mode S intruder replying to Mode Tracking Status S AllCall; Tracking – Mode S intruder replying to Mode S selective interrogations N/A – Intruder is ATCRBS, so Tracking/Searching status is not applicable...

  • Page 74: Testing Ils Systems

    VOR and ILS is included in Appendix C for reference. The SDR-OMNI can simultaneously simulate LOC, GS, and MB signals. However, each ILS component is separately controlled. All RF testing of ILS receivers is done via the ANT-B BNC connector on the top of the SDR-OMNI.
  • Page 75 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual WARNING When conducting tests with the aircraft autopilot engaged, any change of navigation signal may cause movement of the associated aircraft control surfaces (elevator, ailerons, rudder). All personnel and ground support equipment must be clear of the control surfaces to prevent death or serious injury.
  • Page 76 MB antenna on the underside of the aircraft and repeat the MB test. 7. The ILS indicator display in the upper section of the SDR-OMNI screen simulates what should be seen in the aircraft cockpit. When the transmitters are enabled, the LOC and GS needles will turn yellow. Likewise, the Marker Beacon O, M, and I icons will each highlight when transmitting.
  • Page 77 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 2023-CLS-TIC-0057 Figure 5-29, ILS Localizer Screen Revision B 6 June 2023 Page 73...
  • Page 78 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 5-6. ILS Localizer Screen Field Description CALLOUT NAME DESCRIPTION Marker Beacon Each icon highlights when the 75 MHz MB transmitter is actively transmitting: Inner Marker [I] 3000 Hz; Middle Marker Icons [M] 1300 Hz; Outer Maker [O] 400 Hz.
  • Page 79 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual CALLOUT NAME DESCRIPTION 90 Hz Toggles 90 Hz LOC modulation on and off (Enabled/Disabled). Normally used to check LOC indicator flag operation by disabling. 150 Hz Toggles 150 Hz LOC modulation on and off (Enabled/Disabled).
  • Page 80 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2023-CLS-TIC-0058 Figure 5-30. Glideslope Screen Page 76 6 June 2023 Revision B...
  • Page 81 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 5-7. Glideslope Description CALLOUT NAME DESCRIPTION Glideslope Glideslope tab: Displays GS controls when selected GS Transmitter Turns ON and OFF the GS RF transmitter. ON=Enabled; OFF=Disabled (default) Prev. Dot Moves the GS needle one dot up...
  • Page 82 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2023-CLS-TIC-0059 Figure 5-31. Marker Beacon Screen Page 78 6 June 2023 Revision B...

  • Page 83: Testing Vor Systems

    SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 5-8. Marker Beacon Field Description CALLOUT NAME DESCRIPTION Marker Beacon Marker Beacon tab: Select to display MB controls MB RF Turns ON and OFF the MB RF transmitter. ON=Enabled; Transmitter OFF=Disabled (default) When Enabled, begins cycling the 3 markers at a 3 second Cycle rate.
  • Page 84 The VOR needle can be moved manually by touching and dragging it to the desired radial 7. Refer to the Figure 5-32 and Table 5-9 for further instruction on how to operate the SDR-OMNI for VOR receiver testing. All VOR Signal modulation parameters are set to default values that duplicate the modulation values of a normally operating FAA VOR ground station.
  • Page 85 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 2023-CLS-TIC-0060 Figure 5-32. VOR Test Screen Table 5-9. VOR Test Screen Field Description NAME DESCRIPTION Radial Box Displays radial being simulated. Always indicates actual radial being simulated (i.e. – is not affected by TO/FROM. Always indicates FROM radial.) User can edit this field and enter desired radial.
  • Page 86 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set NAME DESCRIPTION RF Output - Allows entry of any valid VOR frequency from 108.00 to 117.95 MHz Frequency RF Output - Controls RF Output ON/OFF. Disabled = OFF; Enabled = ON Transmitter VOR Signal - Turns on 9960 Hz VOR composite modulation.

  • Page 87: Testing Dme Systems

    2. If directly connecting the DME unit under test to the SDR-OMNI using a coaxial cable: a. Select the Direct (T/R) port. b. Then enter Cable Length (TIC supplied Direct Connect cables are either 9.9 ft / 3 m OR 32.8 ft / 10 m) for proper computation of the path delay.
  • Page 88 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set c. Enter Cable Loss, which is marked on TIC supplied cables. If other coaxial RF adapters need to be used, an additional 1 dB loss for each adapter should be added to this field.
  • Page 89 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 2023-CLS-TIC-0061 Figure 5-34 DME Test screen Table 5-10 DME Test screen Field Description NAME DESCRIPTION Range Either field can be used to enter the initial range. When testing, both fields display the simulated range.

  • Page 90: Testing Elt Systems

    VHF (121.5 MHz) or UHF (243 MHz) frequencies for ground-based triangulation location. The SDR-OMNI can test the 406 MHz digital message burst and one of either siren tones using either Direct Connect or Antenna mode. The SDR-OMNI can also test each frequency individually for fault isolation.
  • Page 91 Collapse it to its shortest length. Enter the approximate Antenna Distance to UUT. c. The headset that is supplied with the SDR-OMNI can be used to listen to the audio sirens on the VHF and UHF emergency frequencies. A slider bar for Headset Volume is provided.
  • Page 92 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 5. The ELT UUT should quickly transmit a data burst, which should be received, decoded, and displayed on the ELT test screen (Figure 5-36). Only the most important data fields are initially displayed. Note that if GPS position is not available to the ELT, that information will not be displayed.
  • Page 93 After receiving the 406 MHz data burst, select the 121.5 MHz tab. This will retune the receiver to 121.5 MHz and allow the user to listen to the audio on the SDR-OMNI headset. The unit will measure and display the received RF frequency, output power, and AM modulation percentage.

  • Page 94: Testing Aircraft Communications (Hf/Vhf/Uhf Comm Transceivers)

    TESTING AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS (HF/VHF/UHF COMM TRANSCEIVERS) The SDR-OMNI can perform a Comms check on a broad range of HF, VHF and UHF COMM transceivers from a single, easy-to-use test screen (Figure 5-37 and Table 5-11). Using the supplied headset, the operator can transmit and receive voice to the aircraft cockpit.
  • Page 95 Refer to Table 2-3 to set the length of the antenna per the frequency range to be tested. 3. For Direct Connect testing, select Port = Direct (T/R). Connect the UUT radio to the SDR-OMNI using one of the supplied coaxial cables. An RF connector adapter may be required.

  • Page 96: Testing Aircraft Audio Systems

    TESTING AIRCRAFT AUDIO SYSTEMS The SDR-OMNI is able to inject audio signals (from 20 Hz to 20 kHz) at up to 2.0 Vac peak-to-peak into aircraft audio systems and then measure audio distortion as the signal passes through an aircraft audio intercom system (Figure 5-18 and Table 5-12).
  • Page 97 When connected, activate a 1 kHz audio sine wave by turning ON the Audio Tone Out. Monitor the signal coming through the audio system using the SDR-OMNI headset, and adjust the Audio level so that the input is not being overdriven.
  • Page 98 Enter a voltage level from 0 to 2.0 Vp-p OFF / ON Activates the audio output Mic Out: Mic Level Activates the SDR-OMNI headset mic when it is connected and sets its output level. ON/OFF Headset Volume When connected, the SDR-OMNI headset listens to the audio input signal.

  • Page 99: Testing Selcal Systems

    User Manual 5.12 TESTING SELCAL SYSTEMS The SDR-OMNI is able to transmit dual tone AM modulated SELCAL (Selective Calling) codes on HF and VHF frequencies in order to test SELCAL systems on long-haul aircraft so equipped. 2023-CLS-TIC-0066 Figure 5-38. SELCAL Test screen 1.
  • Page 100 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 5-13. SELCAL Screen Fields NAME DESCRIPTION SELCAL Code Four letter code to be transmitted. Edit this field by touching it and entering any valid SELCAL code. Invalid codes will not be permitted. Frequency RF transmission frequency.

  • Page 101: Chapter 6 Antenna And Cable Testing Using The Sdr-Omni

    2. Using the two identical VSWR Bridge Connect Cables (Figure 2-11), connect the Return Loss Bridge (Figure 2-9) to the SDR-OMNI. Connect the bridge INPUT port to ANT-A and the bridge OUTPUT port to ANT-B.
  • Page 102 6. The Save Cal button should highlight after the two calibration cycles. Press this to save this calibration data. If the SDR-OMNI is powered off, but then used again later in the day to do VSWR measurements, it is not necessary to recalibrate the unit unless the ambient temperature has changed significantly.

  • Page 103: Measuring Vswr And/Or Return Loss

    (expressed as 3.0:1, 2.0:1). This ratio represented in dB is called Return Loss. When the test connection is complete, press VSWR. The SDR-OMNI will begin sweeping across the selected frequency range and display the results. This may take several seconds for the unit to sweep across the selected frequency range.
  • Page 104 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 2023-CLS-TIC-0068 Figure 6-2. VSWR Screen Table 6-1. VSWR Description NAME DESCRIPTION Frequency Indicator Yellow line that can be moved to a specific frequency of interest. Note that the exact frequency of the Frequency Indicator and the VSWR at that frequency are displayed below the graph in green.

  • Page 105: Measuring Distance To Fault (Dtf)

    DTF will not be selectable until Open Cal and Short Cal have been completed as indicated by green check marks. 2. Select Distance to Fault from the calibration screen. The SDR-OMNI will begin DTF testing and display the results (Figure 6-3).
  • Page 106 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 7. Troubleshoot the cabling or antenna system as required. The screen provides a continuous, real-time display so that changing conditions will be displayed immediately. LEGEND 1 DISTANCE INDICATOR 2 RIGHT 3 PEAK 4 RANGE...
  • Page 107 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 6-2. Distance to Fault Description CALLOUT NAME DESCRIPTION Distance Indicator Moves yellow indicator line to a specific distance Right Moves distance indicator to the right Peak Moves distance indicator to the peak anomaly...

  • Page 108: Cable Loss Testing

    6.4 CABLE LOSS TESTING The SDR-OMNI is able to measure the RF path loss (also known as Through Loss or Insertion Loss) between the two end points of an RF coaxial cable. This is particularly useful to determine if a cable is damaged or if the coaxial connectors have been improperly installed.
  • Page 109 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual LEGEND 1 FREQUENCY INDICATOR 2 RIGHT 3 PEAK 4 RESOLUTION MENU 5 STOP FREQUENCY 6 NOT APPLICABLE 7 MENU ICON 8 BACK ICON 9 START FREQUENCY 10 LEFT 2023-CLS-TIC-0070 Figure 6-4. Through Loss screen...
  • Page 110 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 6-4. Through Loss Field Description CALLOUT NAME DESCRIPTION Frequency Indicator Yellow line indicating loss at a specific frequency Right Moves Indicator to the right Peak Sets Indicator to the frequency with the highest loss value...

  • Page 111: Chapter 7 Sdr-Omni System Menu

    SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual CHAPTER 7 SDR-OMNI SYSTEM MENU The SDR-OMNI System Menu (Figure 7-1) is accessed from the Home screen. It allows the operator to access various SDR-OMNI status pages. 2023-CLS-TIC-0071 Figure 7-1 System Menu Revision B...

  • Page 112: Test Reports

    User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 7.1 TEST REPORTS This lists the Test Reports (in PDF format) (Figure 7-2) that have been saved. Press the File icon to view or the Trash icon to delete. Paragraph 4.6 explains how to print a report using a PC or laptop. See Figure 7-2 for an example.

  • Page 113: Gps Status

    SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 7.2 GPS STATUS This page displays the status of the internal GPS receiver. A minimum of four satellites is necessary to generate a position fix. The lower portion of the screen shows the satellites that are being received and their signal strengths.

  • Page 114: Network Devices

    User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 7.4 NETWORK DEVICES The Network Devices screen shows internal Ethernet-like IP addresses, Network masks, and communications status of internal communication busses. See Figure 7-4 for an example. 2023-CLS-TIC-0074 Figure 7-4. Network Devices Screen 7.5 USERS MANUAL The PDF User’s Manual is accessible from this selection (available in Release 1.2.x).

  • Page 115: Health

    Pressing the ► button in the lower right will rerun the BIT test and refresh the results. 7.7 ABOUT 7.7.1 Open-Source Licenses This page displays the text from all the Open-Source Licenses that are used in the SDR-OMNI software code. Revision B 6 June 2023...
  • Page 116 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 7.7.2 Versions This page (Figure 7-6) displays the version of each of the software, FPGA, and DSP components and modules in the SDR-OMNI Code. 2023-CLS-TIC-0076 Figure 7-6 Versions screen Page 112 6 June 2023...

  • Page 117: Chapter 8 Sdr-Omni Specifications

    SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION SDR-OMNI Size 12 x 7 x 2 inches (30 x 18 x 5 cm) Weight SDR-OMNI alone: 4.4 lb. (2.2 kg) With transit case and accessories: 22 lb. (10 kg) Environmental MIL-PRF-28800F, Class 1 Temperature Operating: -4 °F to 131 °F (-20 °C to +55 °C) Storage: -40 °F to 160°F (-40 °C to +71 °C)
  • Page 118 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 8-3. Features and Capabilities SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Air Traffic Control ATC Transponder modes A, C, S Mode S 1090 MHz ADS-B IN/OUT UAT (978 MHz) ADS-B IN/OUT Navigation ILS (including LOC, GS, and MB)
  • Page 119 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 8-5. GPS Receiver SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Position Current test set position and time is available to test applications Time Accuracy Test set tracks UTC Time +/-60 ns (when GPS signals are acquired) Table 8-6. TAP-OMNI Transponder/DME Antenna Coupler...
  • Page 120 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 8-8. Headset Connector SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Connector 3.5 mm TRRS (Tip = Left, Right, ground, Sleeve = mic) Compatibility Android type (also compatible with mono/stereo headphone) Phone Output level 2 Vp-p max open circuit (mono drives both Left and Right)
  • Page 121 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual 8.1.1 Applications Table 8-10. Transponder Mode S / ATCRBS Test Application SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Frequency Accuracy of +/-50 kHz with Mode S, +/-100 kHz SIF modes Power Direct +40 to +60 dBm (10 to 1000 w)
  • Page 122 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 8-13. 406 MHz ELT Application SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Frequency Measurement +/-0.5 ppm Power Measurement +/- 1 dB Data Displays raw or decoded message data Table 8-14. SELCAL Application SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION SELCAL Burst or continuous repeat modes Tone Squelch 20 to 300 Hz in 0.1 Hz steps...
  • Page 123 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Resolution 0.25 dB Accuracy +/- 2 dB LOC Modulation AM, 90 & 150 Hz at 20-40% with variable DDM; 1020 Hz ID 10-30% VOR Modulation AM, 30 Hz & 9960 subcarrier 20-40% with variable Bearing, 1020 Hz ID 10-30%, audio...
  • Page 124 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 8-17. RF Signal Generator - Spectral Purity SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Residual FM Less than 30 Hz RMS 50Hz to 15 kHz Residual AM Less than 0.1% RMS 50Hz to 15 kHz Phase Noise Less than 90 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz offset Harmonics <30 dBc...
  • Page 125 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 8-19. RF Signal Generator – Modulation SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Internal Modulation Rate 1 Hz to 20 kHz, 0.1 Hz resolution Internal Waveforms Sine, Dual Sine, Square, Ramp, Triangle FM Deviation 0 to 25 kHz...
  • Page 126 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 8-21. RF Measurement Receiver - Measurement Level Range SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Antenna -70 dBm to +20 dBm 30 kHz BW, -40 dBm to +20 dBm 10 MHz BW Direct 0 dBm to +50 dBm (to +60 dBm for pulse modulated signals)
  • Page 127 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual Table 8-24. RF Measurement Receiver - Frequency Meter SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Range Tuned frequency +/- 1/2 of selected bandwidth Reading Frequency or Frequency Error Resolution 1 Hz, 10Hz Accuracy 0.5 ppm +/- 1 count, (0.01 ppm with GPS assist) analog signals Table 8-25.
  • Page 128 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set Table 8-27. VSWR SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Frequency Range 1 MHz to 1.5 GHz Return Loss Scales 0 to 30 dB, labeled in both dB return loss and VSWR ratio Accuracy +/-1 dB at 14 dB (1.5:1), +/-2 dB at 26 dB return loss (1.1:1)

  • Page 129: Chapter 9 Acronyms And Abbreviations

    SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual CHAPTER 9 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ° ...... Degrees dBc ....Decibel relative to Carrier °C ....Degrees Celsius dBm ....Decibel-Milliwatts °F ....Degrees Fahrenheit DC ....Direct Current A ..... Ampere DDM ....Difference in Depth of Modulation AC ....
  • Page 130 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set kg ....Kilograms PTT ....Push-To-Talk kHz ....Kilohertz R ....Reference kW ....Kilowatts RF ....Radio Frequency Lat ....Latitude RMA....Return Material Authorization lb..... Pounds RMS....Root Mean Square LED ....Light Emitting Diode RX....
  • Page 131 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual V ..... Variable Vp-p ....Peak-to-Peak Voltage VAC ....Volts Alternating Current VRMS .....Root-Mean-Square Voltage VDC ....Volts Direct Current W ....Watt (unit of measurement); West VHF ....Very High Frequency VSWR .....Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VOR ....

  • Page 132: Chapter 10 Navigation System Principles

    3000 Hz, Middle at 1300 Hz, and the Outer at 400 Hz. As the aircraft flies over the transmitters, located along the ILS course, the MB receiver receives the signal and illuminates the appropriate light on the instrument panel (Figure 10-4). The SDR-OMNI also provides Difference in Depth of Modulation (DDM). Page 128 6 June 2023...
  • Page 133 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual LEGEND 1 RUNWAY 7 ON COURSE 2 LOC 8 TYPICAL HSI/CDI 3 GS 9 GS DEVIATION BAR 4 90 HZ 10 GS INDICATOR 5 150 HZ 11 LOC DEVATION BAR 6 AIRCRAFT 12 LOC INDICATOR...
  • Page 134 User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set LEGEND 1 RUNWAY 7 OFFSET OF ON COURSE 2 LOC 8 TYPICAL HSI/CDI 3 GS 9 GS DEVIATION BAR 4 90 HZ 10 GS INDICATOR 5 150 HZ 11 LOC DEVATION BAR 6 AIRCRAFT...
  • Page 135 SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set User Manual LEGEND 1 RUNWAY 4 MIDDLE MARKER 2 AIRCRAFT 5 OUTER MARKER 3 INNER MARKER 2023-CLS-TIC-00792021-CLS-TIC-0012 Figure 10-3. Typical MB Locations 2023-CLS-TIC-00802021-CLS-TIC-0013 Figure 10-4. Typical MB Display Table 10-2 Typical MB Approach Characteristics MARKER DISTANCE FROM RUNWAY...

  • Page 136: Vhf Omnidirectional Range (Vor)

    User Manual SDR-OMNI Avionics Test Set 10.2 VHF OMNIDIRECTIONAL RANGE (VOR) VOR is a VHF navigational aid to determine the bearing of an aircraft from a fixed point on the ground. The VOR ground station (Figure 10-5, 1) transmits a VHF carrier modulated with an audio composite of two 30 Hz signals -- a reference and a variable signal.

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