Nikon Autofocus Speedlight SB-22 Instruction Manual
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Nikon Autofocus Speedlight SB-22 Instruction Manual

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-AutSfoSjs„Spil(dligfii
INSTRUCTION MANUAL

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  • Page 1 Nikon -AutSfoSjs„Spil(dligfii INSTRUCTION MANUAL...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    DIFFUSING THE LIGHT........40-42 Flash Shooting..........11-12 Bounce Flash Photography Procedure..... 41 AUTOFOCUS FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY Using A Diffuser.............42 (with Nikon F-501/N2020 or F-401/N4004) ... 13-15 MULTIPLE FLASH EXPOSURES........42 SETTING CAMERA SHUTTER SPEED......16 MULTIPLE FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY....... 43-46 DETERMINING APERTURE........17-32 TTL Multiple Flash Photography......43-45...

  • Page 3: Foreword

    —FOREWORD— Thank you for purchasing the Nikon Auto­ focus Speedlight SB-22. We hope the SB-22 will make photography a much bigger part of your life. Get to know your SB-22, but before using it, be sure to read both your camera instruction manual and this man­...
  • Page 4 For Nikon F-401/N4004 camera users Read the following instructions carefully when using the SB-22 with F-401/N4004 camera. 1. Nikon F-401/N4004 camera is designed for use with AF Nikkor lenses, except AF-Nikkor 80mm f/2.8, 200mm f/3.5 IF-ED and Autofocus Converter TC-16/ TC-16A.

  • Page 5: Nomenclature

    NOMENCLATURE Bounce angle indicators For bounce flash shooting, see page 41. Battery cover indices Battery chamber cover Mounting foot...
  • Page 6 Flash head Autofocus assist illuminator LED See pages 13 to 15. Light sensor for non-TTL auto flash operation External power source terminal Accepts power cord from Nikon DC Unit SD-7. Mounting foot lock nut Hot-shoe contacts...
  • Page 7 Wide-flash adapter lock button Sync/multiple flash terminal For (1) off-camera operation with a sync cord and (2) multiple flash photography in manual flash operation (page 46).
  • Page 8 Wide-flash adapter Covers the picture angle of lenses 28 mm or longer. Slides out and covers the flash head (see page 36). Aperture selectlon/shooting distance range panel See pages 17 to 31. Before using the SB-22, peel off the protective paper covering the panel.
  • Page 9 Aperture index windows Flash mode indicators Used in automatic operation. Flash mode selector Aperture scale window Aperture/distance index windows for MD mode Film speed scale window Flash shooting distance range indicators Film speed index The patterned bar (fourth bar from the top) shows programmed TTL auto flash information.

  • Page 10: Basic Operation

    For battery information, see page f As an external power source, Nikon DC Unit ^ I SD-7 is optionally available. See page 52.

  • Page 11: Attaching Flash Unit To Camera Accessory Shoe

    ' forward into the camera’s as it goes. accessory shoe as far as it goes. With Nikon FS-series cameras with DE-2 or DE-3 finder: Attach Flash Unit Coupler AS-4 or AS-7 to camera's accessory shoe before mounting the SB-22. The SB-22 cannot be mounted on F3-series camera with the other finders.

  • Page 12: Programmed Ttl Auto Flash Shooting (With Nikon F-501/N2020, F-401/N4004 Or F-301/N2000)

    TING CAMERA SHUTTER SPEED” on page 16 and “DETERMINING APERTURE," pages 17 to 32. * The Nikon N2020 and N2000 are sold exclusively in the U.S.A. and Canadian markets. ** The Nikon N4004 is sold exclusively in the U.S.A. market.
  • Page 13 ■ or P HI for F-501/N2020; P or P HI for F-301/N2000). ' aperture (largest With the Nikon F-401/N4004, set the camera to either program auto f-number). (aperture dial to S, shutter speed dial to A) or shutter-priority auto (aper­...

  • Page 14: Flash Shooting

    Flash Shooting m 0.6 1.5 2 ft 2 3 4 5 7 POWER p ICE OFF^STBY^ON ( m ) / ( f t ) TTL mode is selected ■|Q_Set power switch to STBY (standby ' position) to turn on SB-22. LED indicating selected flash mode immediately lights...
  • Page 15 Make sure bounce angle is set at 0° If the flash head is tilted, the bounce set Indicator blinks. For bounce flash photograph, see page...
  • Page 16 ■^2.Lightly press shutter ■|4.Turn off the SB-22. Fully depress shutter ‘release button and view­ ' release button to take finder ready-light comes on picture. to indicate flash is ready to Unless viewfinder ready-iight blinks fire. after the shot, your flash exposure will be perfect;...

  • Page 17: Autofocus Flash Photography (With Nikon F-501/N2020 Or F-401/N4004)

    ISO too F-501/ f/1,4 or f/1.2 ISO 50 or higher N2020 f/1.8. f/2, f/2.5or Set the Nikon F-501/N2020’s focus mode with or higher ISO too f/2.8 TC-16A ' selector to S for Single Servo Autofocus mode, or set the F-401/N4004 to A for auto­...
  • Page 18 2_ Set aperture. With Nikon F-401/N4004, use camera’s aperture dial. Don't forget to lock lens at minimum position. For programmed TTL operation, set to smallest lens aperture (largest f-number) and lock the lens aperture. (For details, see the lens instruction manual).
  • Page 19 For other flash operations, set as follows: Lens maximum Aperture setting aperture f/2.8 or larger f-number f/2.8 or faster (f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, etc.) Lens only f/5.6 or larger f-number Slower than f/2.8 (f/5.6, f/8, f/11,etc.) f/2 or larger f-number F-501/ f/1.4 or f/1.2 (f/2, f/2.8, f/4, etc.) N2020...
  • Page 20 3 Lightly press camera shutter release ■ button. When ready-light comes on but ambient light is insuffi­ cient for autofocus operation, AF illuminator fires to start autofocus operation. If ambient light is sufficient, the AF illuminator does not fire.
  • Page 21 ' indicator LED iights up, then fuliy depress the shutter reiease button. If focus-not-possible indicator LED (x) remains lit when using the Nikon F-501/N2020, or if focus indi­ cator LED (•) blinks with Nikon F-401/N4004, auto­ focus flash photography is impossible. Focus manually...

  • Page 22: Setting Camera Shutter Speed

    SETTING CAMERA SHUTTER SPEED Set camera's shutter speed, referring to the table As shown in the table, automatic sync speed setting is below. available with most Nikon cameras. Synchronization Running shutter Nikon camera Camera setting Viewfinder shutter speed indication speed (sec.) speed (sec.)

  • Page 23: Determining Aperture

    TTL mode is for exclusive use with Nikon F-501/N2020, F-401/N4004, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 and FG cameras only. For TTL auto flash operation with the Nikon F-501 /N2020, F-401 /N4004 or F-301/N2000, be sure to set the camera to aperture priority auto or manual exposure mode.
  • Page 24 2. Align film speed in use 3_ Seiect and set aperture. 'with the fiim speed index. The aperture scale window shows usable apertures. (Depending on film speed in use, all usable apertures may not be shown in the aperture Note: Lines between the numbers on scale window;...
  • Page 25 4 Set your chosen aperture. changes when wide-fiash ’ With Nikon F-401/N4004, use adapter is used. For example, camera's aperture dial. selecting f/4 lets you take pictures of subjects 0.6 m to 4.4 m (approx. 2.0ft. to 14ft.) away. See page 36.
  • Page 26 16 + >/3 0.6-3.1 (2.0-10) 0.6-2.2(2.0~7.2) 22 + >/3 0.6-2.2(2.0-7.2) 0.6-1.5(2.0-5.0) — — 0.6-1.1 (2.0-3.6) 0.6-1.5 (2.0-5.0) — — — 0.6-1.1 (2.0-3.6) 0.6-0.7(2.0-2.3) — — — — 'For Nikon F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 only. I = Programmed TTL auto flash information.
  • Page 27 Exposure compensation in TTL mode 100—shifts to 0.6m to 3.1 m (2.0ft. to 10ft.) at ISO 25. The Nikon F-401/N4004 has no exposure compensa­ With a dark subject (with low reflectivity) or one that is tion dial, and compensates exposure with automatic light in tone (having high reflectivity), over- or under­...

  • Page 28: A1 Or A2 Mode (For Non-Ttl Automatic Flash Exposure Control)

    A1 or A2 Mode (for Non-TTL Automatic Flash Exposure Control) Use the SB-22 on A1 or A2 mode for automatic oper­ ation with Nikon Cameras other than Nikon F-501/ N2020, F-401/N4004*, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 and FG. The following procedure lets you select aperture with the SB-22’s aperture selection/shooting distance...
  • Page 29 _ Align film speed in use with film speed ' index. Note: Lines between the numbers on the film speed scale represent intermediate settings. (See illustration.) 64^-25 125v ' vrlOO -200 -E400 320^ 0//E 800 500^ 640'^- 16oo 1000 1250/...
  • Page 30 shooting distance scale 2,Select appropriate aperture changes when wide-flash The aperture index windows show usable apertures. With the adapter is used. For example, if film speed index at ISO 100, for example, you can select either you select f/4, you can take pic­ aperture f/4 or f/8.
  • Page 31 Next turn on flash unit and take shot in the same manner shown in “BASIC OPERATION,” steps 10 to 14. 3,Set SB-22’s mode selector ^ Set your chosen aperture. 'to A1 or A2 according to ' With Nikon F-401/N4004, use the selected aperture. camera’s aperture dial.
  • Page 32 Shooting distance range in A1 or A2 mode Regardless of the film speed and the corresponding f/stop available at At or A2, the auto shooting range is as shown in the following table. Auto shooting range With wide-flash Selector mode Normal adapter 0.6-2.2m...
  • Page 33 With a dark background, stop down the aperture 1/2 to one full f/stop; when the background is light in tone, open the aperture 1/2 to one full f/stop. With the Nikon F-401/N4004, set aperture using the camera's aperture dial.

  • Page 34: M Mode (For Manual Flash Exposure Control)

    M Mode (for Manual Flash Exposure Control) In M mode, the SB-22 fires at its maximum light output regardless of the flash-to-subject distance. To determine aperture with the SB-22's aperture selection/shoot- distance range panei manual flash operation, read the following. 2 Align film speed in use Set the SB-22’s flash mode selector to M.
  • Page 35 Choose aperture. shooting distance scale changes when wide-flash Determine the shooting distance and follow the appropriate adapter is used. For example, vertical line upward from the distance scale until it meets the right if you want to shoot a subject 3 m edge of one of the distance range indicators.
  • Page 36 Set your chosen aperture. With Nikon F-401/N4004, use camera's aper­ ture dial.
  • Page 37 Next, turn on flash unit and take shot in the same manner shown in “BASiC OPERATiON," steps 10 to 14.

  • Page 38: Md Mode (For Manual Flash Exposure Control With Motor Drive Operation)

    MD Mode (for Manual Flash Exposure Control : SPEEDLiGHT SB-22 ^ with Motor Drive Operation) At the motor drive (MD) setting, the SB-22 is able to recycle fast enough to synchronize with a motor-driven camera firing con­ tinuously up to 6 frames per second.
  • Page 39 shooting distance scale Choose aperture. changes when wide-flash Determine the shooting distance and follow the appropriate adapter is used. For example, if vertical line upward from the distance scale until it meets one of you want to shoot a subject 3 m the aperture/distance index windows for MD mode on the distance away, use f/2.
  • Page 40 ^ Set your chosen aperture. With Nikon F-401/N4004, use camera’s aper­ ture dial.
  • Page 41 Next, turn on flash unit and take shot in the same manner shown in “BASIC OPERATION,” steps 10 to 14.
  • Page 42 The maximum number of flashes for continuous shooting are listed below. Maximum Frames number of Batteries liashes* second AA-type alkaline-manganese 6fps batteries inside SB-22 AA-type alkaline-manganese 6fps batteries inside SB-22 plus C-type alkaline-manganese batteries inside 4.2fps * * * ' optional DC Unit SD-7** * Don't begin the continuous sequence until the ready-light has been lit for approx.

  • Page 43: Guide Number

    Guide Number In M or MD mode, without referring to the aperture se- lection/shooting distance range panel, you can de­ termine the f/stop by using the following equation: guide number f/stop =--------------------------------- - — flash-to-subject distance See the table for guide numbers at various film speeds.

  • Page 44: Setting Power Switch

    To turn the SB-22 on again, lightly press the camera’s shutter release button. Note: When the Nikon FA or FE2 is connected to Nikon Motor Drive MD-12 via a remote cord, the camera‘s meter stays on and the SB-22 remains on at STBY position.

  • Page 45: On Position

    Though the ON position is normally recommended for turning on the flash unit, STBY can also be used. With other Nikon cameras, even if the camera’s expo­ sure meter stays on, the SB-22 automatically turns off when not used for one or two minutes. To turn on...

  • Page 46: Ready-Light Indications

    To activate the vie\«tinder ready-light function when using the Nikon FA, FE2, F-501/N2020, F-401/N4004, F-301/N2000, FG or FG-20, first turn on the camera’s meter by lightly pressing the shutter release button.
  • Page 47 With alkaline-manganese batteries, if the ready-l takes more than 30 sec. to light up, replace the teries with a fresh set.

  • Page 48: Ready-Light Warning Functions

    1) When SB-22 is set at TTL with cameras other than Nikon F-501/N2020, F-401/N4004, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG. Reset SB-22’s flash mode seiector to A1, A2 or M.
  • Page 49 Set the shutter speed to the flash sync speed or slower one. 5) With the Nikon F-401/N4004, when the built-in flash and SB-22 are OFF, and when the camera detects flash is effective, the ready-light in the camera’s viewfinder blinks when the shutter release button is lightly pressed.

  • Page 50: Using Wide-Flash Adapter

    USING WIDE-FLASH ADAPTER The angle of illumination of the Tilt the flash head to the 90° po­ Tilt the flash head to the 90° po­ SB-22 covers the picture angle of sition. Slide out the wide-flash sition. Then, while pushing the adapter to cover the flash head.

  • Page 51: Synchro-Sunlight Fill-In Flash Photography

    SYNCHRO-SUNLIGHT FILL-IN FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY- For backlit subjects, to till in shadows and balance lighting, use the SB-22 even in daytime. in the foiiowing, use a slower shutter speed to avoid a dark background. By setting the F-401 / Without flash: N4004 to program, The backlit subject aperture-priority or...

  • Page 52: In Ttl Mode

    In TTL Mode 1. Set the camera shutter speed manually to a flash synchronization speed or slower speed. 2. Frame the background in the camera viewfinder, turn on the camera’s exposure meter to determine aperture for a correct background exposure, then set the aperture on the lens.

  • Page 53: In A1 Or A2 Mode

    In A1 or A2 Mode 1. Determine correct aperture for the backlit subject (according to method on page 23) by referring to the SB-22’s aperture selection/distance range panel, then set both the aperture index and the aperture on the lens. 2.

  • Page 54: In M Mode

    In M Mode 1. Manually set the camera shutter speed to a flash synchronization speed or slower speed. 2. Frame the background In the camera’s viewfinder, then turn on the camera’s exposure meter to read proper aperture for correct background exposure, and set the aperture on the lens.
  • Page 55 To eliminate harsh shadows caused by ambient daylight, decrease flash illumination by one or two f/stops using one of the methods below, 1. Use an aperture one or two f/stops smaller than that determined in step 2 in combina­ tion with a shutter speed slower by one or two steps.

  • Page 56: Diffusing The Light

    DIFFUSING THE LIGHT- *• V-l fi'i *' 'j...
  • Page 57 Diffused light eiiminates harsh shadows and creates attractive portraits. There are two ways to diffuse iight; 1. Bounce iight off a broad reflective surface such as the ceiling; 2. Use a diffuser between the fiash and the subject. Direct flash: Harsti, unflattering lighting.

  • Page 58: Bounce Flash Photography Procedure

    60° or more Bounce Flash Photography Procedure 1. Select a ceiling to bounce the flash from. In color photography, select a white or silver ceiling—other­ wise, color photographs come out with an unnatural color cast similar to that of the reflecting surface. 2.
  • Page 59 -t- or - direction (not possible with Nikon F-401/N4004) for TTL auto flash operation or with the lens opened up or stopped down one or two f/stops for non-TTL auto flash...

  • Page 60: Using A Diffuser

    Using A Diffuser Place a translucent material, such as one or more sheets of tracing paper, between the flash and subject to diffuse light. It is recommended that you experiment with different flash-to-diffuser distances and/or more than one diffuser. Use the SB-22 on TTL or M mode when using a diffuser.

  • Page 61: Multiple Flash Exposures

    MULTIPLE FLASH EXPOSURES To create multiple-exposure "stroboscopic" effects or paint the scene with light, use the following procedure: 1. Disconnect the flash unit from the camera body. 2. Set the camera at B (bulb). 3. Push the open-flash button repeatedly—as many times as desired.

  • Page 62: Multiple Flash Photography

    MULTIPLE FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY TTL Multiple Flash Photography Use the Nikon Speedlight SB-22, SB-20, SB-18, SB-16B or SB-15 connected to an F-501/N2020, F-401/N4004, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG camera as a master flash unit; and use either the SB-22, SB-21 B, SB-20, SB-18, SB-17, SB-16A, SB-16B and/or SB-15 as slave flash unit(s).
  • Page 63 SB-140, SB-14 and/or SB-11 for TTL multiple flash photography, you should also use TTL Remote Cord SC-23. With the Nikon F-401/N4004, programmed TTL auto flash and TTL auto flash are not possible with the SB-11/14/140 (even with the SC-23) or SB-21. They cannot be used for TTL multi-flash either, even as a slave flash unit.
  • Page 64 System chart for TTL multiple flash operation...

  • Page 67: Manual Multiple Flash Photography

    For correct exposure in manual multiple flash opera­ tion, be sure all flash units are set at manual flash mode. Caution To avoid damaging the flash units or incorrect operation, never mix Nikon Speedlight with flash units of other manu­ facturers.

  • Page 68: Avoiding "Red Eye

    AVOIDING “RED EYE’^ "Red eye” is a common phenomenon in flash photog­ raphy where the center portions of a subject's eyes appear as bright red orbs in color photographs, or white In black-and-white pictures. To avoid "red eye," take any or all of the following pre­ cautions: •...

  • Page 69: Close-Up Flash Photography In Ttl Mode

    CLOSE-UP FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY IN TTL MODE When used with the Nikon F-501/N2020, F-401/N4004, If you are using ISO 100 film for example, and the F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG cameras, the optional TTL flash-to-subject distance is 0.5m, divide 4 by 0.5 to Remote Cord SC-17 lets you perform flash shooting get f/8.

  • Page 70: Tips On Speedlight Care

    50°C, and do not store in damp Never use thinner, benzine or tions, take it immediately to an alcohol—they might damage authorized Nikon dealer or ser­ places. Use within the range of vice center. -10°C~-I-50°C. plastic parts.
  • Page 71 If leakage 1. Install batteries, turn on the SB-22 and fire flash a few occurs, take the SB-22 to your nearest Nikon authorized service times. facility. 2. Wait until the ready-light comes 3. Turn off the SB-22, and remove...

  • Page 72: About Batteries

    ABOUT BATTERIES-------------------------- New batteries Purchase the new (freshest) batteries possible. Temperature Battery life ratings are based on operation at 20°C (68° F). At other temperatures, battery life is shortened. For low temperature operation, keep spare batteries and if possible, use NiCd batteries. Continuous use Batteries are drained much more quickly by continu­...
  • Page 73 NiCd batteries In comparison with regular batteries, NiCd batteries provide faster recycling time and better efficiency at low temperatures. Before charging NiCd batteries, thoroughly read in­ structions for batteries and battery charger. 'Batteries with a "-t- " terminal that exceeds 6mm m diame­ ter cannot be used.

  • Page 74: Accessories

    (one meter long). TTL Remote Cord SC-17 For programmed TTL auto flash operation or TTL auto flash operation when using the SB-22 oft the Nikon F-501/N2020, F-401/N4004, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG camera, use coiled cord SC-17. The SC-17 ensures automatic sync speed setting and ready-light view­...
  • Page 75 SC.,7 AS-10...

  • Page 76: Flash Unit Couplers As-4 And As-7

    SC-19 is approx. 3m. Flash Unit Couplers AS-4 and AS-7 To mount the SB-22 on a Nikon F3-series camera with the DE-2 or DE-3 finder, use the AS-4 or AS-7. The AS-7 lets you change film without removing the flash unit.
  • Page 77 SD-7...

  • Page 78: Specifications

    SPECIFICATIONS All performance dala are for normal-temperature operation [20°C(68°F)1 Electronic Automatic silicon-controlled construction rectifier and series circuitry Guide number 25 (ISO too and meters); 18 (with wide-flash adapter) 41 (ISO 25 and feet); 30 (with wide-fiash adapter) Angie of coverage Horizontal Vertical Usable lens...
  • Page 79 Power switch Three positions are provided —OFF, STBY (for standby) and ON; at STBY position with the Nikon F-501/N2020, F-401/ N4004, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG, SB-22 turns off auto­ matically when flash unit is not used for one or two minutes...
  • Page 80 Usable film speed ISO 25 to 1000 with Nikon range in TTL mode F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 or ISO 25 to 400 with Nikon F-401/N4004, FA, FE2 and FG Usable aperture f/2 to f/22 (at ISO 100) range in TTL mode Automatic mode For non-TTL auto flash oper­...
  • Page 81 1/10 power at MD setting AF assist LED Automatically fires LED beam toward the subject when per­ forming autofocus with the Nikon F-501/N2020 (Single Servo) or F-401/N4004 camera in insufficient light Dimensions Approx. 68 (W)x105(H)x 80 (D) mm Weight Approx.
  • Page 83 No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole or in part (except for brief quotation in critical articles or reviews), may be made without written authorization from NIKON CORPORATION. Nikon NIKON CORPORATION FUJI BLDG,, 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU,...
  • Page 84 Printed in Japan 8&078-C10...

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