WARRANTY Avtech Electrosystems Ltd. warrants products of its manufacture to be free from defects in material and workmanship under conditions of normal use. If, within one year after delivery to the original owner, and after prepaid return by the original owner, this Avtech product is found to be defective, Avtech shall at its option repair or replace said defective item.
TABLE OF CONTENTS WARRANTY........................2 TECHNICAL SUPPORT....................2 TABLE OF CONTENTS....................3 INTRODUCTION.......................6 HIGH-VOLTAGE PRECAUTIONS..................8 SPECIFICATIONS......................9 REGULATORY NOTES....................10 FCC PART 18........................10 EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY................10 DIRECTIVE 2011/65/EU (RoHS)..................11 DIRECTIVE 2002/96/EC (WEEE)..................11 FIRMWARE LICENSING.......................12 INSTALLATION......................13 VISUAL CHECK........................13 POWER RATINGS........................13 CONNECTION TO THE POWER SUPPLY................13 PROTECTION FROM ELECTRIC SHOCK................14 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS..................15 FUSES..........................16...
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GATING MODES........................32 DUT INSTALLATION......................33 SOCKET PINOUT.........................33 STANDARD DAUGHTERBOARD PINOUT................34 STANDARD DAUGHTERBOARD COMPONENTS..............35 SO-8 DAUGHTERBOARD (PCB 314A)................37 CUSTOM DAUGHTERBOARDS...................37 DIFFERENTIAL PROBING....................38 INSTALLING THE DAUGHTERBOARDS................38 CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC -WDIP16A DAUGHTERBOARD............39 BASIC TEST ARRANGEMENTS...................42 INTER-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE..................43 TYPICAL WAVEFORMS FOR STANDARD DAUGHTERBOARDS......45 BASIC THEORY........................45 TYPICAL POSITIVE RESULTS, WITH NO DUT INSTALLED..........47 TYPICAL NEGATIVE RESULTS, WITH NO DUT INSTALLED..........48 HCPL-7721 RESULTS......................
The AVRQ-4-B is designed to test the common mode transient immunity (CMTI) of optocouplers. The standard AVRQ-4-B can generate -1.5, -1.0, +1.0, or +1.5 kV pulses. The switching time (10%-90%) is adjustable from 20 ns up to 500 ns, using the front panel menus or computer commands.
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Coaxial cabling should not be used, because it will introduce too much parasitic capacitance. The AVRQ-4-B features front panel keyboard and adjust knob control of the output pulse parameters along with a four line by 40-character backlit LCD display of the rise time, pulse width, pulse delay, and pulse repetition frequency.
HIGH-VOLTAGE PRECAUTIONS CAUTION: This instrument provides output voltages as high as 1500 or 2000 Volts under normal operating conditions, so extreme caution must be employed when using this instrument. The instrument should only be used by individuals who are thoroughly skilled in high voltage laboratory techniques.
This instrument does not normally require regular maintenance to minimize interference potential. However, if loose hardware or connectors are noted, they should be tightened. Contact Avtech (info@avtechpulse.com) if you require assistance. EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Avtech Electrosystems Ltd. P.O. Box 5120, LCD Merivale Ottawa, Ontario Canada K2C 3H5 declare that this pulse generator meets the intent of Directive 2004/108/EG for Electromagnetic Compatibility.
(also known as “RoHS Recast”). In addition, this declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of Avtech Electrosystems Ltd. Specifically, products manufactured do not contain the substances listed in the table below in concentrations greater than the listed maximum value.
laws) on behalf of the customer, as provided for under Article 9 of Directive 2002/96/EC. Customers who have purchased Avtech equipment through local representatives should consult with the representative to determine who has responsibility for WEEE compliance. Normally, such responsibilities with lie with the representative, unless other arrangements (under Article 9) have been made.
INSTALLATION VISUAL CHECK After unpacking the instrument, examine to ensure that it has not been damaged in shipment. Visually inspect all connectors, knobs, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and the handles. Confirm that a power cord, a GPIB cable, and two instrumentation manuals (this manual and the “Programming Manual for -B Instruments”) are with the instrument.
Destination Region Description Option Manufacturer Part Number United Kingdom, Hong Kong, BS 1363, -AC00 Qualtek 370001-E01 Singapore, Malaysia 230V, 50 Hz AS 3112:2000, Australia, New Zealand -AC01 Qualtek 374003-A01 230-240V, 50 Hz Continental Europe, Korea, European CEE 7/7 -AC02 Qualtek 364002-D01 Indonesia, Russia “Schuko”...
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS This instrument is intended for use under the following conditions: 1. indoor use; 2. altitude up to 2 000 m; 3. temperature 5 °C to 40 °C; 4. maximum relative humidity 80 % for temperatures up to 31 °C decreasing linearly to 50 % relative humidity at 40 °C;...
FUSES This instrument contains four fuses. All are accessible from the rear-panel. Two protect the AC prime power input, and two protect the internal DC power supplies. The locations of the fuses on the rear panel are shown in the figure below: Fuses #1 and #2 Fuse #4 Fuse #3...
DC FUSE REPLACEMENT The DC fuses may be replaced by inserting the tip of a flat-head screwdriver into the fuse holder slot, and rotating the slot counter-clockwise. The fuse and its carrier will then pop out. FUSE RATINGS The following table lists the required fuses: Recommended Replacement Part Nominal Fuses...
CHASSIS CONFIGURATIONS The AVRQ-4-B is offered with two basic chassis configurations. The standard model is provided in a “3U” height (in rack units) enclosure, with the DUT area located on the rear panel. The DUT area may optionally be moved to the front panel by specifying the -FPD option.
FRONT PANEL CONTROLS (UNITS WITHOUT -FPD OPTION) 1. POWER Switch . This is the main power switch. When turning the instrument on, there is normally a delay of 10 seconds before anything is shown on the main display, as the internal operating system boots up. If the main menu does not appear after 30 seconds, turn off the instrument and leave it off for at least 60 seconds before applying power again.
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lists the key adjustable parameters and their current values. The “Programming Manual for -B Instruments” describes the menus and submenus in detail. 5. KEYPAD . Control Name Function MOVE This moves the arrow pointer on the display. CHANGE This is used to enter the submenu, or to select the operating mode, pointed to by the arrow pointer.
REAR PANEL CONTROLS (UNITS WITHOUT -FPD OPTION) GATE VCC2 PULSE LOGIC TRIG RS-232 GPIB Note: some connectors may be in different positions than shown above, depending on the exact combination of options ordered. 1. AC POWER INPUT . An IEC-320 C14 three-pronged recessed male socket is provided on the back panel for AC power connection to the instrument.
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length of cable attached to this input, and the source driving it, it may be desirable to add a coaxial 50 Ohm terminator to this input to provide a proper transmission line termination. The Pasternack (www.pasternack.com) PE6008-50 BNC feed-thru 50 Ohm terminator is suggested for this purpose.) 6.
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DO NOT CONNECT COAXIAL CABLING TO THIS OUTPUT. The capacitance of the cabling will reduce the dV/dt rates noticeably. 11. LOGIC OUT Connector s . There are two possible positions where the logic probe can be connected, “A” and “B”. “A”...
FRONT PANEL CONTROLS (UNITS WITH -FPD OPTION) 1. POWER Switch . This is the main power switch. When turning the instrument on, there is normally a delay of 10 seconds before anything is shown on the main display, as the internal operating system boots up. If the main menu does not appear after 30 seconds, turn off the instrument and leave it off for at least 60 seconds before applying power again.
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This overload indicator may flash yellow briefly at start-up. This is not a cause for concern. 3. SYNC OUT . This connector supplies a SYNC output that can be used to trigger other equipment, particularly oscilloscopes. This signal leads (or lags) the main output by a duration set by the "DELAY"...
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A Tektronix P5100 high-voltage probe with the 013-0291-00 probe-tip-to-BNC adapter, or a similar arrangement, should be used to connect to this output. CAUTION: Voltages as high as 2 kV may be present on the center conductor of this output connector. Avoid touching this conductor. Connect to this connector using a Tektronix P5100 high-voltage probe with the 013-0291-00 probe-tip-to-BNC adapter, or a similar arrangement, to ensure that the center conductor is not exposed.
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9. VCC2 OUT Connector . (Optional feature. Present on units with the -V2 option only.) This output is wired in parallel with the VCC2 connection on the DUT socket, and may be used for monitoring purposes.
REAR PANEL CONTROLS (UNITS WITH -FPD OPTION) GATE TRIG RS-232 GPIB Note: some connectors may be in different positions than shown above, depending on the exact combination of options ordered. 1. AC POWER INPUT . An IEC-320 C14 three-pronged recessed male socket is provided on the back panel for AC power connection to the instrument.
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edge of this input. The input impedance of this input is 1 kΩ. (Depending on the length of cable attached to this input, and the source driving it, it may be desirable to add a coaxial 50 Ohm terminator to this input to provide a proper transmission line termination.
GENERAL INFORMATION BASIC PULSE CONTROL This instrument can be triggered by its own internal clock or by an external TTL trigger signal. In either case, two output channels respond to the trigger: HV PULSE and SYNC. The HV PULSE channel is the signal that is applied to the DUT. The SYNC pulse is a fixed-width TTL-level reference pulse used to trigger oscilloscopes or other measurement systems.
The next figure illustrates the relationship between the signals when an external TTL- level trigger is used: > 50 ns TRIG TTL LEVELS (external input) (0V and 3V-5V) PROPAGATION DELAY (FIXED) 100 ns, FIXED SYNC OUT 3V, FIXED PULSE FALL TIME DELAY >...
These modes can be selected using the front panel trigger menu, or by using the appropriate programming commands. (See the “Programming Manual for -B Instruments” for more details.) GATING MODES Triggering can be suppressed by a TTL-level signal on the rear-panel GATE connector. The instrument can be set to stop triggering when this input high or low, using the front- panel gate menu or the appropriate programming commands.
An arrangement of pin sockets on the main motherboard accepts these daughterboards. The AVRQ-4-B mainframe provides the high-voltage common mode pulse (which is tied to GND1), and VCC2 / GND2 (the non-floating output-side power supply). The user is responsible for configuring the daughterboards to implement the correct input side power (VCC1), biasing, filtering, loading, socketing, and glitch measurement.
STANDARD DAUGHTERBOARD PINOUT The sample daughterboards have the pinout shown below: The socket and the sample daughterboards are designed so that the daughterboard can be mated in only one position. (This is different than the related AVRQ-5-B model.) The daughterboard must be installed in the socket like this:...
Align the daughterboard with the front-left pin sockets. (Some pin sockets are not used in the AVRQ-4-B.) The circuit diagram in the BASIC TEST ARRANGEMENTS section (page 42) show how the socket and daughterboard pins mesh, electrically. STANDARD DAUGHTERBOARD COMPONENTS The circuit diagram for the included sample daughterboards shown on page 34 includes more that just the socket for the 8-pin DUT.
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The user will need to configure R1-R11 and C6 as appropriate for the DUT. Two solder pads (P1 and P2 in the schematic, both are labeled “CAP” on the actual PCB) are not used when the daughterboard is used with the AVRQ-4-B. (They are for use with the related AVRQ-5-B model.) Lastly, components C9, R12, R13 and J6 provide an optional logic probe point on the daughterboard.
CUSTOM DAUGHTERBOARDS The daughterboards provided with the AVRQ-4-B are meant as samples. The user may construct their own daughterboards, which may incorporated a preferred physical layout, different bias circuits, or different DUT packages and socketing.
The battery occupies a relatively large portion of the top side of the standard daughterboard. It may be necessary to locate the footprints for large SMT DUTs (e.g., 32- pin SOICs) on the bottom side of the PCB. It may also be possible to mount the battery vertically to provide more DUT space on the top side.
When testing is finished, turn off the instrument, open the DUT door, and gently pry the daughterboard up out of the socket. Remove the DUT and A23-type battery, if used. CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC -WDIP16A DAUGHTERBOARD Units with the -WDIP16A option are provided with 16 assembled customized daughterboards, instead of the 8 standard DIP8 daughterboards.
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The daughterboard (PCB 325A) circuit is shown below: Unlike the standard daughterboard, a battery is not used to power the floating side. The floating side is unpowered. Connector J6 is accessible through the LOGIC B hole in the DUT panel door. Connector J7 is accessible through the LOGIC C hole in the DUT panel door.
BASIC TEST ARRANGEMENT S The figure below shows the basic test arrangement for the AVRQ-4-B, with one possible DUT daughterboard configuration, with a high-current input bias on the LED: In the above drawing, an HCPL-2601 current-drive opto-coupler is installed on the daughterboard, and the daughterboard is configured to drive the opto-coupler input with ~ 16 mA of current (using VCC1 and a 220 Ohm resistance).
Please note that the P6246 has a maximum differential input voltage range of 7V. If higher values of VCC2 will be used, a different probe will be required. 5) Power-up the AVRQ-4-B and the oscilloscope. Caution: The HV PULSE oscilloscope probe must be rated for operation at 2 kV (pulsed) or higher.
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With both the high-voltage pulse and the With the high-voltage pulse recorded low-voltage logic output measured earlier using the oscilloscope memory simultaneously, inter-channel interference function (before being disconnected), no adds significant spurious noise artefacts spurious noise is coupled to the logic to the logic signal.
The AVRQ-4-B front panel settings control whether the positive or negative pulse generator circuit is active internally. The AVRQ-4-B front panel settings also control the DC voltage applied to VCC2 (+3V to +8V, or to +43V with the -SCHB option, 150 mA maximum). This is the opto-coupler output-side bias.
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AMP1, HV PULSE -1.5 kV RISE TIME, VARIABLE (AMP2), LOGIC OUT +3V TO +43V GLITCH CAUSED BY INADEQUATE COMMON MODE TRANSIENT IMMUNITY (CMTI)
TYPICAL POSITIVE RESULTS, WITH NO DUT INSTALLED The photos below show typical “HV PULSE” waveforms with with AMP1 = +1.5 kV, and a daughterboard installed in the socketing, but with no DUT installed in the DIP8 socket on the daughterboard. (The lower waveform in each photo is the LOGIC OUT “A” output, with R2 = 1 kΩ.
TYPICAL NEGATIVE RESULTS, WITH NO DUT INSTALLED The photos below show typical “HV PULSE” waveforms with with AMP1 = -1.5 kV, and a daughterboard installed in the socketing, but with no DUT installed in the DIP8 socket on the daughterboard. (The lower waveform in each photo is the LOGIC OUT “A” output, with R2 = 1 kΩ.
HCPL-7721 RESULTS The HP / Agilent / Avago / Broadcom HCPL-7721 is a slower, older device (date code: 1214). It was tested using VCC2 = +5V, and the following daughterboard configuration: Reference Value Typical Function Not used Load capacitance 0 Ω Zero-Ohm Jumper to connect DUT pin 1 to VCC1 Not used Output pullup...
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Top = high voltage pulse Top = high voltage pulse Bottom = Logic output for 0V input Bottom = Logic output for 5V input The actual daughterboard and DUT are shown below, configured for a 5V logic input: Top side...
DC CORRECTNESS ISSUES The sample daughterboards provided with the AVRQ-4-B are designed to bias the input side of the optocoupler with a fixed bias during the test. To change it, components must be physically changed. This can be problematic with certain devices that do not necessarily power-up to a well-defined state.
VERIFICATION AND TROUBLESHOOTING It is sometimes unclear whether the glitches observed on the opto-coupler output are due to the opto-coupler or the test circuit. To reduce the number of sources of possible interference or error, a daughterboard scheme is used. This allows the drive conditions and the loading to be defined by simple, compact circuits that are user-visible and user-changeable.
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anything. If there is no change, that would tend to eliminate the drive signal as a source of problems. Some devices are simply very sensitive to ANY stray capacitance between the input and output sides. Some devices are extremely sensitive to interference coupled to pin 7, which (unwisely) provides a connection to the photo-transistor base.
SAFETY CONCERNS TURN OUTPUT OFF BEFORE ACCESSING DUT Always turn the output off before opening the rear-panel DUT door, using the front panel menu or by computer command (“output off”). If you do not disable the output first, the output will be automatically disabled by a sensor on the DUT door when it is opened.
2. Turn on the AVRQ-4-B. The main menu will appear on the LCD. 3. To set the AVRQ-4-B to trigger from the internal clock at a PRF of 10 Hz: a) The arrow pointer should be pointing at the frequency menu item. If it is not, press the MOVE button until it is.
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d) Press CHANGE to return to the main menu. 5. To set the rise time to 100 ns: a) Press the MOVE button until the arrow pointer is pointing at the rise time menu item. b) Press the CHANGE button. The rise time submenu will appear. Rotate the ADJUST knob until the rise time is set at 100 ns.
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10. Try varying the rise time, by repeating step (5). As you rotate the ADJUST knob, the rise time on the oscilloscope will change. 11. 90 seconds after the last parameter change, the instrument will automatically shut the output off. Confirm that this occurs. This completes the operational check.
PROTECTING YOUR INSTRUMENT USE HIGH-VOLTAGE CABLES, CONNECTORS, AND PROBES Confirm that the scope probe, test load, cables, and any adapters used are rated for 2 kV pulsed operation. SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION The output will withstand temporary short-circuit conditions. However, short-circuit conditions should not be allowed to persist longer than 10 seconds, or the stress on the components will shorten the circuit lifetime.
MECHANICAL INFORMATION TOP COVER REMOVAL If necessary, the interior of the instrument may be accessed by removing the four Phillips screws on the top panel. With the four screws removed, the top cover may be slid back (and off). Always disconnect the power cord and allow the instrument to sit unpowered for 10 minutes before opening the instrument.
MAINTENANCE REGULAR MAINTENANCE This instrument does not require any regular maintenance. On occasion, one or more of the four rear-panel fuses may require replacement. All fuses can be accessed from the rear panel. See the “FUSES” section for details. CLEANING If desired, the interior of the instrument may be cleaned using compressed air to dislodge any accumulated dust.
PROGRAMMING YOUR PULSE GENERATOR KEY PROGRAMMING COMMANDS The “Programming Manual for -B Instruments” describes in detail how to connect the pulse generator to your computer, and the programming commands themselves. A large number of commands are available; however, normally you will only need a few of these.
output on (turns on the output) These commands will satisfy 90% of your programming needs. ALL PROGRAMMING COMMANDS For more advanced programmers, a complete list of the available commands is given below. These commands are described in detail in the “Programming Manual for -B Instruments”.
WIRING DIAGRAMS WIRING OF AC POWER M a ins circuits - ha z ard ou s live . A3 - BLACK Do not attem pt any repairs on this instrument POWER SWITCH SW325-ND (CW INDUSTRIES G RS-4022-0013) bey ond the fuse replacement procedures described NORMALLY: ECP180PS24 in the m anual.
WIRING OF +54VDC POWER RAIL ( FOR -SCHB OPTION) -4 ST D +MEDV +24V -5 ST D A ND -4-SCH B +MEDV +54V +24V, NO OLO +24V, NO OLO +24, NO OLO +5V NSY POS OLO -VISH 1 U NIT S +5V REG POS OLO 20 AWG...
DUT WIRING, ON MAIN PCB FOR USER'S LO GIC PROBE CONN2 V2 OUTPUT 0 OHM A34264-02-ND VCC2 GND2 VCC2-PS 434-01-471J 0.1uH FRO M PO WER SUPPLY CIRCUITS 0.1uF 2.2uF,50V SOCKET FOR DAUGHTERBOARD (VCC1 IS G ENERATED ON THE DAUG HTERBOARD) FOR USER'S HV PROBE GND1 TO HV BNC...
M OD 11A : U SE JIG +AU X PINS, AD D PRF L IM +10V KEEP PULSE/G ND SHO RT AND DIRECT, O N ALL AVRQ-4-B UNIT S, AND AND AWAY FRO M PANELS AND O T HER WIRES. UNIT S WITH -AHV O R -XHV OPT IONS:...
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