Atari 520STE Field Service Manual
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Atari 520STE Field Service Manual

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  • Page 2 Atari STe 520/1040 Computer Field Service Manual Part Number: C302481–001 Rev A August 1991...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION ................... 1 Overview ......................1 Main Components .................... 1 Case Design ....................1 Power Supply ....................3 Negative Supplies .................... 3 SECTION TWO. THEORY OF OPERATION ..............4 Overview ......................4 Main System ....................4 Audio/Video Subsystem ...................
  • Page 4 SECTION FIVE: SYMPTOM CHECKLIST ………………………………………………….. 45 Display Problems ..................... 45 Disk Drive Problems ..................45 Keyboard Problems ..................46 MIDI Problems ....................46 RS232 Problems ....................46 Printer Port Problems ..................46 Hard Disk Port Problems .................. 46 DMA Sound ...................... 46 SECTION SIX: DIAGNOSTIC FLOWCHARTS ………………………………………….…..47 Replacement Procedures .................47 Handling of Integrated Circuits .................
  • Page 5 Atari Corporation. Atari, the Atari logo, STE, TOS, BLiTTER , SM124, SC1224, SF314, SF354, PCF554, SLM804, CDAR504, Atari BASIC, and Atari SFP–004 are trademarks or registered trademarks of Atari Corporation.

  • Page 6: Section One: Introduction

    (524.280 bytes ) of RAM, and the 1040STE has 1040 kbytes (1,048,568 bytes) of RAM. The 1040STE and 520STE both have a built–in 1 megabyte floppy disk drive (unformatted). Both the 520STE and 1040STE come with a modulator for TV output.
  • Page 7 Figure 1–2. 1040STE Upper Case The left side panels of both machines have slots for the expansion cartridge, two MIDI ports and two game controllers. Figure 1–3. STE Left Side Panel The right side panel has a slot for the floppy disk drive. Figure 1–4.

  • Page 8: Power Supply

    Figure 1–5. STE Back Panel 1.3 POWER SUPPLY The 520STE and 1040STE have an integral switching power supply providing +5V and +12V. There is a 2A fuse. Voltage should be adjusted to 5.1V. The power supply has overcurrent protection; if the fuse is blown, a catastrophic failure is likely, such...

  • Page 9: Section Two. Theory Of Operation

    SECTION TWO: THEORY OF OPERATION 2.0 OVERVIEW The 520STE and 1040STE share a common architecture, using the same LSI chip set. The most significant difference is the addition (to the 1040STE) of one bank of 512K of RAM, for a total of 1024K (1,048,568 bytes). Except for the additional RAM, the differences between the 520STE and 1040STE are transparent to software.

  • Page 10: Inputloutput Subsystems

    2.3 INPUT/OUTPUT SUBSYSTEMS • Intelligent keyboard with 2 button mouse/joystick interface • Parallel printer interface • RS232C serial interface • Floppy disk drive and connector for external drive • Game controller ports • Hard disk drive interface (ACSI) • Musical instrument network communication: Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) 2.4 MICROPROCESSING UNIT The STE uses the Motorola MC68000 16–bit external/32–bit internal data bus.

  • Page 11: Main Memory

    MEMORY CONTROLLER takes addresses from the address bus and converts to Row Address Strobe (RAS) and Column Address Strobe (CAS). All RAM accesses are controlled by this Atari proprietary chip, which is programmable for up to 4 Megabytes of memory. The Operating System determines how much memory is present and configures the Memory Controller at power–up.

  • Page 12: Direct Memory Access

    2. 7 DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS A single direct memory access (DMA) channel is provided that is shared between the internal floppy disk controller and external devices connected to the ACSI port. Data can be transferred at up to 10 Megabits/sec (1.25 Megabytes/sec) across the 8–bit wide ACSI port.

  • Page 13: Audio/Viideo Subsystem

    Timer B External input can be used to count horizontal display lines. Timer C Reserved for use by the operating system as a periodic interrupt (nominally 200 Hz when running TOS). Timer D Baud rate generator for the MFP's RS232 port. Its output is used to drive both the receiver and transmitter clock inputs.
  • Page 14 and outputs those levels, then takes bit 1 from each plane and outputs the color from the palette referenced by those 4 bits, etc. 2.9.3 GSTMCU GSTMCU provides timing control to the Memory Controller, video output, and monitorIRF output. VSYNC input to the Memory Controller causes the starting address of the display memory to be reloaded into the address counter during vertical blanking.

  • Page 15: Digitized Sound

    PLL, the colors will shift or dance on the TV screen. 2.10 STE DIGITIZED SOUND The Atari ST family of computers is equipped to reproduce digitized sound using DMA (direct memory access; that is, without using the 68000). This section provides the information required to understand and use this feature.

  • Page 16: Input/Output Subsystems

    Note. DO NOT SWITCH CLOCK SOURCE WHILE THE SYSTEM IS ACTIVE. As a result the GPO is no longer available. MONITOR INPUTS: HSYNC TTL level, negative, 3.3k ohm. VSYNC TTL level, negative, 3.3k ohm. Monochrome Digital 1.0 Vpp, 75 ohm. RGB Analog 0–1.0 Vpp, 75 ohm.
  • Page 17 controller. The system is interfaced to the outside via two inverters on the transmit side and an LED/photo–transistor chip on the input side. The input signal is also routed around through two inverters to the output connector where it is called MIDI THRU in order to allow chaining of multiple devices on the MIDI bus.
  • Page 18 The right button equals the joystick trigger, the left button is wired to the second joystick port trigger. The joystick has four directions (up, down, etc.) and one trigger. Note. The Atari CX24 joystick cannot be installed during initialization. Mouse/Joystick 1 – Up/XB 2 –...
  • Page 19 Printer 1 – STROBE 2 – Data 0 3 – Data 1 4 – Data 2 5 – Data 3 6 – Data 4 7 – Data 5 8 – Data 6 9 – Data 7 10 – Not Connected 11 –...
  • Page 20 2.12.6 Disk Drive Interface The STE computers have a built–in floppy disk controller and logic for selecting up to two single or double sided drives. The 1040 STE has one built–in floppy disk drive and provision for one external disk drive. A single 1772 Controller services both drives.
  • Page 21 Hard Disk 1 – Data 0 2 – Data 1 3 – Data 2 4 – Data 3 5 – Data 4 6 – Data 5 7 – Data 6 8 – Data 7 9 – Chip Select 10 – Interrupt Request 11 –...
  • Page 22 Controller A 1 – Up 0 2 – Down 0 3 – Left 0 4 – Right 0 5 – Paddle 0Y 6 – Fire 0 7 – +5 VDC 8 – Not Connected 9 – Ground 10 – Fire 1 11 –...
  • Page 23 Figure 2-8: STE Functional Block Diagram...
  • Page 24 Figure 2–9. STE DMA Block Diagram...
  • Page 25 Figure 2–10: STE Audio Block Diagram 2.12.8 Controllers The controllers allow the integration of the STE with joysticks, paddles, and light gun/pen. 2.12.8.1 JOYSTICKS Four new joystick ports are added. These ports are controlled directly by the CPU. The current state may be sampled at any time by reading the above locations. Joystick 0 and Joystick 2 direction bits are readlwrite.

  • Page 26: System Startup

    until a read is performed. Similarly, they will not be driven after a read until a write is performed. 2.12.8.2 PADDLES One pair of paddles can be plugged into Joystick 0 (Paddle 0). A second set can be plugged into Joystick 1 (Paddle 1). The current position of each of the four paddles is reported at these locations.

  • Page 27: System Errors

    25–31: AUTOVECTOR INTERRUPT. Numbers 4 and 2 are used, others should have no occurrence. 32–63: TRAP INSTRUCTION. CPU read instruction which is used to generate a software exception (such as the entry to GEMDOS, VDI, or AES). 64–79: MFP interrupts. 80–127: Reserved for Atari use. 128–255: Unused.

  • Page 29: Section Three: Testing

    3.1.1 Test Equipment The following equipment may be needed to test the STE computer: Atari SC 1224 or SC 1435 RGB Monitor (or similar) • Atari SM 124 Monochrome Monitor (or similar) •...

  • Page 30: Test Configuration

    3.2 TEST CONFIGURATION With the power switch off, install the Diagnostic Cartridge with the label facing UP. Important: if the cartridge does not have the plastic enclosure; BE SURE THE CARTRIDGE IS INSTALLED WITH THE CHIPS FACING DOWN. Connect cables from STE test fixture into the hard disk port, parallel port, and joystick/ mouse ports.

  • Page 31: Diagnostic Cartridge

    If still failing, the CPU is unable to read ROM or there is a component which is not responding to a read or write by the CPU, probably the MFP 68901 or DMA Controller. The MFP should respond to an MFPCS with DTACK. The DMA chip should respond to FCS by asserting RDY.
  • Page 32 3.5.1 Power–Up Initialization Errors Error in RAM or Data Bus. (Test walks 1 or 0 across data bus.) RAM Disturbance Error. (Writing to one location alters data in another location.) RAM Addressing Error. (Test shows bad RAM cell or incorrect address code.) Memory Configuration Error.

  • Page 33: Test Menu

    3.6 TEST MENU The normal screen will be dark blue with white letters. The test title and revision number are displayed at the top, with the amount of RAM and keyboard controller revision below, and a test menu below that. To select tests, the user types the keys corresponding to those tests and the [Return] key.

  • Page 34: Rom Test

    low memory failed while setting up to run test. failed walking 1s or 0s. failed address (counting pattern). failed 64K boundary test. Probable failure in GSTMCU. R4 failed while displaying area tested (video RAM). 3.8 ROM TEST (O) This test reads the configuration bytes of the operating system to determine the version, language/country, and TV standard (PAL or NTSC).

  • Page 35: Keyboard Test

    and R 1, R2 and R3 off = 1/16. R0 off, R1, R2 and R3 on = 15/16. This signal then passes through a transistor amplifier, and from there to the video monitor connector. 3.9.1 Symptoms and Fixes 1. Missing primary color. Check the output of the transistor amplifier. X402 is blue, 0401 is green, X400 is red.

  • Page 36: Midi Tests

    Note: It is possible, if pressing keys very rapidly, to leave the representation of the key on screen in a depressed state. This does not indicate a problem with the hardware. The self–test checks communication between the CPU and the keyboard microcomputer.

  • Page 37: Audio Test

    First the RS232 control lines are tested (which are tied together by the loopback connector), the data loopback is tested. Data is checked transmittinglreceiving using a polling method first, then using interrupts. Data is transmitted at 300. 600, 1200...19200 bps. Data transmission is performed by the MFP and the 1488 and 1489 driver and receiver chips.

  • Page 38: Timing Tests

    3.13.2 DMA Sound Connect an oscilloscope at the stereo output jacks. The setting should be 1 ms/division, 5 volts/division. There are four parts to this test. After observing the signals, proceed to the next part by pressing the space bar. In each case, the output signal amplitude should go from 0 volts to maximum amplitude in steps.

  • Page 39: Dma Tests

    3.15 DMA TESTS (D) Four sectors (2048 bytes) of data are written to the RAM on the port test fixture via high speed DMA, then read back and verified. This test is repeated many times for RAM addresses throughout the range of RAM. 3.15.1 DMA Test Error Codes DMA Timed Out.
  • Page 40 milliseconds. The highest and lowest values measured are displayed. The test stops when any key is pressed. Install Disks. Specify how many and what type of disk drives to test. One additional test which can be performed is testing the write protect detection. Slide the write protect tab to the protected position, and run test # 1.

  • Page 41: Printer And Joystick Port Tests

    DMA Count Error. Replace the Memory Controller, if that does not fix it, replace the DMA Controller. CRC Error. The diskette or disk drive may be bad, else replace the 1772. Record Not Found. The 1772 could not read a sector header. May be a bad diskette, drive or 1772.

  • Page 42: Monochrome Monitor

    Joystick Port 0. The keyboard input is not functioning. If the busy input error occurs, fix that first. Otherwise, replace the keyboard. If error persists, check continuity from J11 , pins 1. 2, 3, 4 to J 12 pins 12, 10, 9, 8 respectively. Joystick Port 1.

  • Page 43: Graphics Chip Blit

    has been found to be more effective than the DMA test for some types of failures; these show up as "Data Compare" errors. The test program will save the data on the cylinder used for testing and restore the data when the test is done (when "quit"...
  • Page 44 RAM addressing. Wrong location is being addressed. MMU error. No DTACK after RAM access. RAM Sizing Error. Uppermost address fails. Bus Error Handling Failed. Bus Error occurred (on purpose), but caused a crash (e.g. System was unable to read the vector from RAM). Bus Error not detected.
  • Page 45 3.21.5 MIDI Data not received. Data received is not what was sent. M2 Data input framing error. Parity error. Data overrun. Byte was not read from the 6850 before next byte arrived. 3.21.6 Printer and Joystick/Game Ports Printer port error. Busy (printer port input) failed.
  • Page 46 3.21.8 DMA Time–out. DMA did not take place, or interrupt not detected. DMA Count Error. Not all bytes arrived. Possible Memory Controller or GSTMCU error. Data Mismatch Error. DMA Controller not responding. 3.21.9 Timing MFP timers failed. Vertical sync timing failed. Horizontal sync failed.
  • Page 47 3.21.11 BLiTTER Halftone RAM (internal RAM in BLiT chip). Endmask. Operation. Halftone Op. Skew. Reverse Bit. Force Extra Source Read. Smudge. X Count. Y Count. Time–out. Address Count. BUS ERROR during BLiT Test – Replace BLiTTER chip.

  • Page 48: Section Four: Disassembly/Assembly

    SECTION FOUR: DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY 4.1 STE DISASSEMBLY Use the following procedure to disassemble the STE. Refer to Assembly Drawing, Section 6. 4.1.1 Top Cover/Keyboard Removal 1. Turn unit upside down 2. Remove the 6 screws from the square holes. These fasten the top case to the bottom.

  • Page 49: Ste Reassembly

    4.1.5 Removal of Shield from Printed Circuit Board 1. Straighten twist tabs (usually four). 2. Remove copper tape (if present). 3. Lift upper shield straight up. Note. Now that the major components are exposed, this is a convenient configuration for troubleshooting. The keyboard and disk drive may be re- connected and placed off to the side if those components are needed.

  • Page 50: Section Five: Symptom Checklist

    SECTION FIVE: SYMPTOM CHECKLIST This section gives a brief summary of common problems and their most probable causes. For more detail, refer to the section of troubleshooting in this document, or the Diagnostic Cartridge Troubleshooting Guide 5.1 DISPLAY PROBLEMS Symptom Probable Cause Black Screen No power (check LED), bad GSTMCU chip, bad Video...

  • Page 51: Midi Problems

    Symptom Probable Cause Red Screen: Keyboard Bad keyboard, 6850, MFP. not responding 5.4 MIDI PROBLEMS Symptom Probable Cause Red Screen: Error Bad opto–isolator chip, 6850, inverter (74LS06). Codes M0, M1, M2, See section 3.11.1 M3. or M4 5.5 RS232 PROBLEMS Symptom Probable Cause Red Screen: Error...

  • Page 52: Section Six: Diagnostic Flowcharts

    SECTION SIX: DIAGNOSTIC FLOW CHARTS This section summarizes in diagrammatic form the steps taken in troubleshooting the STE using the diagnostic cartridge. The details of using the cartridge are not shown; this shows the context in which the cartridge would be used, including some problems for which the cartridge would not be useful.
  • Page 53 Figure 6–1: STE Diagnostic Flow Chart...
  • Page 54 Figure 6–2: STE Diagnostic Flow Chart...
  • Page 55 Figure 6–3: STE Diagnostic Flow Chart...
  • Page 56 Figure 6–4. STE Diagnostic Flow Chart...

  • Page 57: Section Seven: Parts List

    SECTION SEVEN: PARTS LIST ASSY NO: CA400338-201 PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION LOCATION/QUANTITY CA200133-001 1 ASSY CABLE COAXIAL (NTSC) C070349-001 CORD AC WITH POLY BAG CA400607-001 DISK LANGUAGE USA IDD C026406-001 MANUAL OWNER'S 0100536-001 MANUAL BASIC MEGA/ST/STE C 100971-001 MANUAL PCM 1 ENG. 0300986-001 MANUAL ADDENDUM STE ENG.
  • Page 58 0025993 CRYSTAL 2.4576 MHZ Y200 0398066-001 OSC 8.010613 MHZ U303 0398068-001 OSC 32.215905 MHZ U402 CO 19748 IC 555 TIMER 8P U 104 0398739-001 IC OMA CONTL 4140 40P U300 0025983 IC 'YM-2149 SOUND 40P U202 0025984 IC 68901 MFP 48P U203 0025985 IC 6850 ACIA 24P...
  • Page 59 0101403-002 FILTER NOISE *ALT* ZJSR5101-102 0101404-002 FILTER NOISE *ALT* STB102KB 0100210 COIL VARIABLE 24uH L403 0100209 DELAY LfNE 3.58 MHz 0070119 SW PUSH SP J312U S100 0100184 RF MODULATOR ST NTSC ST MOD 0014386-13 SKT UC IUO 32 POS U102,103 0070120-002 SKT 68P PLCC U100,101...
  • Page 60 14-54711A RES CF AX 470Ω 1/4W 5% R519,523,529,536 14-54721A RES CF AX 4.7K 114W 5% R110,201,215-219,472 14-55R1/A RES CF AX 5.1 1/4W 5% R203 14-5513/A RES CF AX 51K 1/4W 5% 531.539,471 14-55621A RES CF AX 5.6K 1/4W 5% R469 14-56221A RES CF 6.2K 5% 1/4W R415,419,428...

  • Page 61: Section Eight: Glossary

    CPU, so that the CPU can be processing while DMA is taking place. GSTMCU arbitrates the bus between the CPU and DMA. DMA CONTROLLER Atari proprietary chip which controls the DMA process. All disk I/O goes through this device.
  • Page 62 MEMORY CONTROLLER Atari proprietary chip which handles all RAM accesses. See Theory of Operation, Main System and Video Subsystem for details. MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface. An electrical standard by which electronic instruments communicate. Also, the logical system for such communication. In the STE.

  • Page 63: Section Nine: Schematics And Silkscreens

    7. PSU 8. Test Fixture Drawings: Assembly Main Assembly PCB Keyboard (front side) Keyboard (back side) Keyboard Schematic Keyboard Assembly PCB Soldering Side PCB Components Side without BLiTTER PCB Components Side with BLiTTER 10. ATARI STE Test Fixture to Computer connection...
  • Page 64 Title ATARI 1040STe CPU, BLITTER, ROM and Cartridge L101 Size Document Number Drawn by jer CCLK 0.27uH > Date: Thursday, June 01, 2017 Sheet C120 C125 C128 R113 L103 R128 C123 G12V R124 8.2pF Y100 R116 R118 R123 Q100 R120...
  • Page 65 XDISKINT 74LS04 30pF 30pF 30pF XBLTINT U211F 74LS04 PIN14 PIN14 PIN14 PIN14 C227 C228 C229 C230 74LS86 7406 1489 74LS04 Title Atari 1040STe Input/Output PIN7 PIN7 PIN7 PIN7 Size Document Number drawn by jer Date: Thursday, June 01, 2017 Sheet...
  • Page 66 CD [7:0] L306 EXTERNAL FDD ADDRESS [23:1] L307 CONTROL INTRQ L308 DATA [15:1] L309 DDEN SCLK S0SEL L310 WD1772 L311 FDINT XRESET Title ATARI 1040STe 03 DMA FDD CLK Size Document Number drawn by jer Date: Thursday, June 01, 2017 Sheet...
  • Page 67 MAD1 R466 MAD0 MAD0 R473 GSTMCU D401 MADDR [9:0] 1N914 Q406 2N3904 D402 R474 1N914 R475 Stuffed in NON-Modulator Versions ONLY Title Atari STe MCU, SHIFTER and VIDEO Size Document Number drawn by jer Date: Thursday, June 01, 2017 Sheet...
  • Page 68 U514B C546 XPAD1Y AUDIOI 47uF C549 DSCHG 47uF C547 THRES 10nF LM556 C548 680pF 47uF Ground Plane This Area XPADRST Title ATARI 1040ST STEREO SOUND, JOYS and PADS Size Document Number drawn by jer/eightbitter Date: Tuesday, May 30, 2017 Sheet...
  • Page 69 MAD9 MAD9 MAD9 SIMM 1MB SIMM 1MB SIMM 1MB SIMM 1MB MADDR [9:0] C633 C634 C635 C636 P600 DATA [15:0] 10kX8 U604 Title ATARI 1040STe RAM 74LS244 Size Document Number XBUTTON drawn by jer Date: Thursday, June 01, 2017 Sheet...
  • Page 70 R112 R111 VR201 R114 IC201 C109 HA17431P R202 R110 C108 68nF R201 D103 R109 R108 Q102 2SC2060 HIGH VOLTAGE AREA Title Atari STe Power Supply Mitsumi SR98 CA070086-002 Size Document Number drawn by jer/eightbitter Date: Thursday, June 01, 2017 Sheet...
  • Page 71 PARALLEL ACSI CABLE CABLE CLKIN RCLKO 74LS257 74LS191 RCLKO CLKIN 74LS257 DB19M DB19M SHIELD 74LS191 DB25M DB25M SHIELD 8 X 68 JOY CABLE 1 74LS02 RCLKO CLKIN 74LS74 HDCS HDINT 74LS04 RESET 74LS191 6116 HDACK 74LS02 74LS08 U1 74LS240 74LS04 74LS74 DB9F DB9F...
  • Page 81 ATARI STE TEST FIXTURE TO COMPUTER CONNECTION...

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