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Spectra-Physics Pulseo User Manual

High peak power, diode pumped, q-switched, 355 nm laser system
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Pulseo
High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System
User's Manual
This laser product is intended to be sold to a
manufacturer of OEM products for use as a
component (or replacement thereof) in those
products. As such, this product is exempt from
performance standards of United States Code
of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Chapter 1 –
Food and Drug Administration, Department of
Health and Human Services, Subchapter J –
Parts 1040.10 (a), (1) or (2).
1335 Terra Bella Avenue
Mountain View, CA 94043
Part Number 90003205, Rev. A
October 2008

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  • Page 1 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System User’s Manual This laser product is intended to be sold to a manufacturer of OEM products for use as a component (or replacement thereof) in those products. As such, this product is exempt from performance standards of United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Chapter 1 –...

  • Page 3: Preface

    This manual contains information for safely installing, operating and ser- vicing your Pulseo diode-pumped, Q-switched, ultraviolet laser system. The system comprises the Pulseo laser head, the Model J200 power supply and a chiller. Chapter 1, “Introduction,” is a brief overview of the Pulseo system.
  • Page 4 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Appendix B provides some introductory information about the principals of laser physics that underlie the Pulseo design. This product has been tested and found to conform to the provisions of...

  • Page 5: Environmental Specifications

    Modifications to the laser system not expressly approved by Spectra-Physics could void your right to operate the equipment.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Packing the Laser System for Return to Spectra-Physics ....... xxv...
  • Page 8 The Pulseo Laser Head ........
  • Page 9 Important Notes on Controlling Pulseo Output Power ........
  • Page 10 Figure 2-7: Pulseo Laser Head Radiation Control Drawing ....... . .2-8...
  • Page 11 Figure 5-2: The Pulseo Laser Head Rear Panel Connections .......
  • Page 12 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Table 3-3: Dimensions and Weight ...........3-8 Table 3-4: Fuse Ratings .

  • Page 13: Warning Conventions

    Warning Conventions The following warnings are used throughout this manual to draw your attention to situations or procedures that require extra attention. They warn of hazards to your health, damage to equipment, sensitive procedures, and exceptional circumstances. All messages are set apart by a thin line above and below the text as shown here.

  • Page 15: Standard Units

    Standard Units The following units, abbreviations, and prefixes are used in this Spectra- Physics manual: Quantity Unit Abbreviation mass kilogram length meter time second frequency hertz force newton energy joule power watt electric current ampere electric charge coulomb electric potential volt Ω...

  • Page 17: Abbreviations

    Abbreviations The following is a list of abbreviations used in this manual: alternating current acousto-optic modulator antireflection CDRH Center of Devices and Radiological Health continuous wave direct current femtosecond or 10 second high reflector infrared lithium triborate nanosecond or 10 second output coupler picosecond or 10...

  • Page 19: Unpacking And Inspection

    Warning! Note that the Pulseo laser head weighs 60 lbs (27 kg) and the Model J200 power supply weighs 95 lb (43 kg). Two people are required to move each piece safely.

  • Page 20: Unpacking Procedure

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Unpacking Procedure 1. Verify the tilt and shock watches (see Figure 1) on each crate indicate that the units were safely shipped. These watches are on the sides of each crate. If the indicator on either...
  • Page 21 Unpacking and Inspection a. Referring to Figure 3, unfasten the 8 clamps around the bottom of the crate that fasten the top portion of the crate (the cover) to the palette. Turn the handles counter-clockwise and disengage the latch as shown. Do not remove the clamps around the top of the crate.
  • Page 22 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System c. Remove the 2 straps shown in Figure 4 and remove the blue cover (Figure 5). Figure 5: The power supply shown with the blue box removed. d. Remove the plastic covering, open the box and remove the foam protection from around the power supply and around the fiber spool sitting on top of the power supply (Figure 6).
  • Page 23 Unpacking and Inspection e. Do a preliminary inspections of the power supply for damage and, if found, report the damage to Spectra-Physics. f. Using 2 people, carefully lift the power supply out of the crate and place it on the floor near the table where the laser head will be placed.
  • Page 24 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Clamps, 2 each side Figure 8: Clamps shown on Chiller Crate Figure 9: The chiller shown out of the crate. e. Place all the packing material in the crate and close the crate.
  • Page 25 Unpacking and Inspection Figure 10: Crate showing the spring clamps. b. Release the 2 straps that hold the clamping blocks in place, and remove the blocks (Figure 11). Clamping Blocks Figure 11: The crate (with the top off) showing clamping blocks and the blue box containing the laser head.

  • Page 26: Packing The Laser System For Return To Spectra-Physics

    Place all the packing material in the crate and close the crate. If the installation site has been properly prepared, the Pulseo is now ready for installation. After familiarizing yourself with the information in the first five chapters of this manual, continue to Chapter 6 for instructions on installing the system.

  • Page 27: Accessory Kit

    Included with the laser system is this manual, a packing slip listing all the parts shipped, and an accessory kit containing the items listed on the follow- ing page. Verify that all items are present. (Spectra-Physics part numbers are given in parentheses.) •...
  • Page 28 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System xxviii...

  • Page 29: Chapter 1 Introduction

    The Model J200 power supply provides the diode laser light that energizes the crystals in the Pulseo laser head. The infrared output of the diode lasers is delivered to the laser crystals through four, 5-meter, fiber-optic cables.

  • Page 30: The Pulseo Laser Head

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System The Pulseo Laser Head The Vanadate crystals in the Pulseo laser head are the heart of the laser sys- tem. As a high-gain laser crystal, Vanadate is capable of producing a high- power, pulsed beam at high repetition rates.

  • Page 31: System Control

    Environmental Control The Pulseo system requires cooling fluid to remove waste heat and to sta- bilize the temperature of various systems components. A closed-loop chiller (that may or may not be provided by Spectra-Physics) is used for this purpose.
  • Page 32 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System...

  • Page 33: Chapter 2: Laser Safety

    Required are, therefore, especially dangerous! Residual light at 532 nm might also be present. The Pulseo laser system is designed as an OEM product. As such, it Note does not conform to the safety specifications and performance standards required of a Class IV laser as defined by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), 21 CFR 1040.

  • Page 34: Figure 2-1: These Safety Warning Labels Would Be Appropriate For Use As Entry Warning Signs

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System • Set up shields to prevent any unnecessary specular reflections or beams from escaping the laser operation area. • When the target is not present, set up a beam dump to capture the laser beam and prevent accidental exposure (Figure 2-2).

  • Page 35: Safety Devices

    200-240V~ Double Pole / 50-60 Hz T 15, 250V 2500W MAX Neutral Fusing DIODE 4 DIODE 2 Spectra-Physics 1330 Terra Bella Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043 MANUFACTURED IN U.S.A. MFG P/N CUST P/N 0129-2887 REV E AC POWER Ground AC Power...

  • Page 36: Emission Indicators

    The circuit is rated for 30 Vac at 1 A. When any of these emission indicators are on, power is being supplied to the diode lasers, and Pulseo emission is present or imminent. To warn per- sonnel, these indicators turn on about 3 seconds before actual emission occurs.

  • Page 37: Shutter

    LASER ENABLE vent unauthorized personnel from using the Pulseo laser system when the key is turned to the “off” position and the key is removed. Turning the key to the “on” position allows the diode lasers to be energized if the ac power switch is also on.

  • Page 38: Cover Safety Interlocks

    Cover Safety Interlocks Laser Head Because there are no user-serviceable parts inside the laser head nor inter- nal adjustments that can be made by the user, the Pulseo laser head requires no cover safety interlock switches. Power Supply The power supply should not be opened by the user, and then only by someone appropriately trained by Spectra-Physics.

  • Page 39: Requirements For Safely Operating The Pulseo Laser System Via A User-Provided Control Device

    Requirements for Safely Operating the Pulseo Laser System via a User-Provided Control Device When the Pulseo laser system is controlled by a device provided by or soft- ware written by the user, for safety, the following must be provided: •...

  • Page 40: Radiation Control Drawings

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Radiation Control Drawings Refer to “Safety Warning Labels” on page 2-10. 15 x 6 1330 Terra Bella Avenue, Mountain View, CA. 94043 This product or its use is protected by one or more of the following US patents 4,829,529;...

  • Page 41: Figure 2-8: Model J200 Radiation Control Drawing

    Laser Safety R IA S IO s in ,F 2 D IO u tr -6 0 L IN 0 -2 si cs n Vie S/ N , Mo D IO D IO D IO Figure 2-8: Model J200 Radiation Control Drawing...

  • Page 42: Safety Warning Labels

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Safety Warning Labels 1330 Terra Bella Avenue, Mountain View, CA. 94043 MANUFACTURED IN U.S.A. V I S I B L E A N D I N V I S I B L E *...

  • Page 43: Ce Declaration Of Conformity

    Mountain View, CA. 94043 United States of America declare under our sole responsibility that the Pulseo High Peak Power UV Laser, manufactured after April 10,2007, meets the intent of EMC Directive 2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic Com- patibility and 2006/95/EC for the Low Voltage Directive. Compliance was...

  • Page 44: Sources For Additional Information

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Sources for Additional Information Laser Safety Standards Safe Use of Lasers (Z136.1) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 11 West 42 Street New York, NY 10036 Tel: (212) 642-4900 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Publication 8.1-7) U.

  • Page 45: Equipment And Training

    Laser Safety Equipment and Training Laser Safety Guide Laser Institute of America 13501 Ingenuity Drive, Suite 128 Orlando, FL 32826 Tel: (800) 34LASER Internet: www.laserinstitute.org Laser Focus World Buyer's Guide Laser Focus World Pennwell Publishing 98 Spit Rock Road Nashua, NH 03062 Tel: (603) 891-0123 Internet: lfw.pennnet.com/home.cfm Photonics Spectra Buyer's Guide...
  • Page 46 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System 2-14...

  • Page 47: Chapter 3 Laser Description

    Laser Cavity Design The Pulseo laser head is designed around a master oscillator that uses end- pumping of the Vanadate oscillator crystal to produce a beam of excep- tional quality at the fundamental 1064 nm wavelength. Two high-power, ™...

  • Page 48: Q-Switching

    The LBO crystals are temperature stabilized to maintain their conversion efficiency. Laser Power Monitor The Pulseo includes a UV output power monitor that can be read either via serial commands or through pin 2 of the connector (refer LASER CONTROL to Chapter 7 for connector specifications).

  • Page 49: Constant Energy Feature

    Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 show typical performance values for power, pulse width and pulse-to-pulse stability (PPS) versus repetition rate (for typical repetition rates from 40 to 260 kHz). Note that the Pulseo can be operated from 1 Hz up to 400 kHz.

  • Page 50: Figure 3-2: Pulseo Average Power And Stability Vs. Repetition Rate

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Figure 3-2: Pulseo Average Power and Stability vs. Repetition Rate...

  • Page 51: The Model J200 Power Supply

    The logic hardware in the Pulseo system controls and monitors various system functions. Figure 3-3 shows the relationship of the main logic com- ponents inside the Pulseo laser head to those in the Model J200 power sup- ply, including the FCbar diode modules.

  • Page 52: Power Supply

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Pulseo Laser Head rear panel EEPROM Fiber-optic Flash Cables (x4) Memory See the Interconnect Drawing in Chapter 6 for details on making the system connections. Model J200 Q-Switch Power Supply...

  • Page 53: Specifications

    Laser Description Specifications Environmental specifications for operating and non-operating conditions are listed in a preface near the beginning of this manual. 1, 2 Table 3-1: Pulseo Performance Specifications General Characteristics Wavelength 355 nm Average Power > 20 W Peak Power per pulse (nominal) >...

  • Page 54: Table 3-3: Dimensions And Weight

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Table 3-2: Utilities AC power input 200 to 240 Vac Maximum power consumption (absolute) 1700 W Heat dissipation into room at max output power Model J200, beginning of life...

  • Page 55: Outline Drawings

    1.435 1.60 6.01 3,645 2,69 15,3 4.25 10,8 0.685 2.45 1,74 6,22 1.00 Laser Output 2,54 Water Fittings 1.450 3,683 Figure 3-4: Outline Drawing, Pulseo Laser Head Note See Figure 6-1 for Detail A and Detail B of this drawing.

  • Page 56: Figure 3-5: Outline Drawing, Model J200 Power Supply

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System 12.15 3.98 3.98 1.43 0.32 18.37 19.00 6x #10-32 self clinching blind threaded standoff. 3x near side 1.035 6.800 6.800 3x far side 7.80 1.60 17.91 21.11 Figure 3-5: Outline Drawing, Model J200 Power Supply...

  • Page 57: Block Diagrams

    Laser Description Block Diagrams Laser Head Interlock Monitor Remote Interlock Monitor Key Switch User Interlock Monitor System Interlock Monitor Fuse Monitor +24 Vdc Remote Laser Head Fuse User System (Non-funtional) Interlock Switch InterLock InterLock Laser Diode + 3.3 Vdc Keep Alive Passbank Enable 3.3 V Diode Power Enable...
  • Page 58 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System 3-12...

  • Page 59: Chapter 4: Handling The Optical Fibers

    The following guidelines for handling, cleaning and coiling should be fol- lowed for all fiber bundles used in systems from Spectra-Physics. Unpacking and Uncoiling The Model J200 power supply was shipped with the fiber bundles rolled and secured in a spool that was then placed on top of the power supply.

  • Page 60: Coiling Procedure

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System ing equipment over a cable. Keep them out of water, oils and other contam- inants. Coiling Procedure Follow this procedure when coiling a fiber-optic cable. By doing so, cable twist can be avoided, which can damage the optical fibers.

  • Page 61: Cleaning And Inspection

    Handling the Optical Fibers Cleaning and Inspection It is the experience of Spectra-Physics that the most common cause of Warning! serious damage to diode-pumped laser systems results from improper handling and care of a fiber-optic cable. Prior to installation, you must inspect the end of the fiber-optic cables for damage.

  • Page 62: Inspection Criteria

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Inspection Criteria Refer to Figure 4-2, Figure 4-3 and Figure 4-4 for examples of acceptable and unacceptable fiber bundles. Blemishes—minor blemishes are unavoidable and will not adversely affect the laser system performance.

  • Page 63: Rejection Criteria

    Handling the Optical Fibers Rejection Criteria Refer to Figure 4-4. Broken—a broken fiber is a safety hazard requiring the diode laser module to be replaced. Blemishes—if a fiber bundle exceeds the limit of 6 minor blemishes, the fiber bundle (along with the diode laser module to which it is attached) will need to be replaced.

  • Page 64: Cleaning Methods

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Cleaning Methods If contaminants are visible, the fiber ends should be cleaned by one or both of the following two methods. Warning! Only use methanol or damage to the fiber bundle can result! Do not use lens tissue designated for cleaning eye glasses.

  • Page 65: Fiber Connections

    Handling the Optical Fibers Fiber Connections Never operate the system with the protective cap still on the fiber cable (Figure 4-5). As a general rule, make all optical and interface connections prior to connecting the AC power cable. Fiber Cable Fiber Connector Protective Cap Figure 4-5: Fiber Cable Showing Fiber Connector and Cap...
  • Page 66 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System...

  • Page 67: Chapter 5 Controls, Indicators And Connections

    Chapter 4, “Handling the Optical Fibers.” The Pulseo Laser Head Controls There are no controls on the Pulseo laser head itself: no adjustments are required. Control of the system is through the Model J200 power supply. Indicators Emission indicator (white)—turns on after the ON command is issued;...

  • Page 68: Rear Panel Connections

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Rear Panel Connections Fiber-Optic Cable RF Cable Connectors (4) Connectors (2) Water Outlet Connector Air Inlet Laser Head Connector Connector CONNECT TO CONNECT TO Water Inlet CHILLER OUT POWER SUPPLY...

  • Page 69: The Model J200 Power Supply

    LASER ENABLE vent unauthorized personnel from using the Pulseo laser system when the key is turned to the position and the key is removed. If the ac power switch is on, turning the key to the position allows the diode lasers to be energized when an “on”...

  • Page 70: Indicators

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Pulseo can emit ultraviolet laser radiation (if both the shutter and GATE are open). Turning the key to the position will immediately cause the diode lasers to turn off, which stops laser emission.
  • Page 71 Water connectors—provide connection for the hose that brings cooling water from the Pulseo laser head and the hose that returns heated water to the chiller. Warning! Water must flow from the chiller to the laser head before flowing to the Model J200.

  • Page 72: Control Panel Connections

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Control Panel Connections Controls are described as they appear on the panel, from top to bottom, left to right. Laser Control Enable In Trigger In Sync Out Shutter Control...

  • Page 73: Table 5-1: Ibm-Pc/At Serial Port Pinout

    Controls, Indicators and Connections Refer to Table 7-3 on page 7-23 for a complete description of the pin func- tions and to the instructions in Chapter 7 on how to control the laser using this interface. A jumper plug (P/N 90010172) is provided for this connec- tor so that the system can be operated when an analog control device is not used.
  • Page 74 (26-pin, HD, D-sub, female)—provides attach- LASER HEAD ment for a control cable to the Pulseo laser head (refer to Figure 5-2). A jumper plug is provided (P/N 0129-4023G) for use with this connector to enable the Model J200 to operate without the laser head, for example, when troubleshooting the power supply.

  • Page 75: The Shutter Control Interface

    Figure 5-11: The Shutter Control 15-pin Connector The Shutter Control Interface The Pulseo laser system includes an external shutter that is mounted to the front of the laser head. It can be controlled by serial commands, by signals from the...

  • Page 76: Mode: Control By Direct Connection To The Shutter Control Connector

    CONTROL Safety Mode and Process Mode Two modes are used to operate the shutter on the Pulseo laser head: Safety Mode and Process Mode. In Safety Mode, which is the default mode, the shutter can only be re- opened when all conditions and inputs that would close the shutter have been removed, and then the open command is issued.

  • Page 77: Opto-Isolated Connections Of The Laser Control Interface

    LASER CONTROL protect signal circuitry from transients. The requirements of the opto-isola- tors must be taken into account when designing circuitry that provides and receives analog signals for controlling and monitoring the Pulseo laser head. Opto-Isolated Inputs In the user-supplied controller, a resistance value has to be selected so that no more than 5.1 V is applied to a pair of opto-isolated pins of the...

  • Page 78: Opto-Isolated Outputs

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Table 5-3: Opto-Isolator Input Parameters Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Low Level Input Voltage 0.8 V High Level Input Current 6.3 mA 10 mA 12.5 mA LED Forward Voltage 1.4 V 1.65 V...

  • Page 79: Chapter 6: Installation

    This section provides detailed instructions and notes for planning for and installing the Pulseo laser system. If you have not set up the laser before, or if you are moving the laser system to a new location, please review this section in its entirety before you begin.

  • Page 80: Mounting The Laser Head

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Mounting the Laser Head The Pulseo laser head is fastened to a mounting plate or mounting surface using three M6 x 13 cm or ¼-20 x 5-in. bolts (refer to Figure 6-1). Two of the mounting holes are slotted to allow the laser to be bolted to an optical table or similar surface with either English or metric hole spacing.

  • Page 81: Installing The Power Supply

    Installation Installing the Power Supply The Model J200 power supply is housed in a rack-mountable enclosure. The following installation procedure assumes the power supply will be installed into a standard 19 in. (48.3 cm) rack mount unit. Although such mounting is not required, this is the most compact mounting configuration when two or more laser systems are combined.

  • Page 82: Connecting The System

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System units without obstruction, and exhausts from the top. Do not add full shelves between units or heated exhaust air will be trapped and will cause over-heating. Ensure that the electrical cables and fiber-optic cables are safely routed and are not under any strain.
  • Page 83 Installation Coolant to Laser Head OUTPUT Coolant to Pulseo Chiller Power Supply Laser Head RETURN Coolant from Power Supply Particle filter or Optional External Control Computer Model J200 Power Supply SERIAL COM LASER CONTROL User Analog Optional TTL Enable Control...
  • Page 84 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Fiber-Optic Cable RF Cable Connectors (4) Connectors (2) Water Inlet Connector Air Inlet Laser Head Connector Connector CONNECT TO CONNECT TO Water Outlet CHILLER OUT POWER SUPPLY DRAIN WATER PRIOR TO SHIPMENT...
  • Page 85 Figure 6-6: The input end of the power supply power cord. 8. Install the chiller according to its user manual. All hoses are supplied with the system. If Spectra-Physics provides the chiller, all connectors are supplied. Refer to Figure 6-7 when routing the cooling hoses between the chiller, laser head and power supply.

  • Page 86: Connecting The Fiber-Optic Cables

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Connecting the Fiber-Optic Cables Before installing the fiber-optic cables, first carefully review the instruc- tions in Chapter 4, “Handling the Optical Fibers,” regarding handling and inspecting the cables. The following is a brief outline of the instructions for connecting the cables.

  • Page 87: Laser Alignment

    1. Place the Pulseo software CD-ROM in the CD/DVD drive. 2. Browse to the “Pulseo USB Driver” folder on the CD and open it. 3. Double-click on the “Preinstaller” icon (Figure 6-8). Windows and Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
  • Page 88 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Figure 6-8: Select the “Preinstall” icon in the USB Driver directory on the Pulseo CD-ROM. This will open the following window: Figure 6-9: The “Install” Screen 4. Click on the “Install” button.

  • Page 89: Installing The Pulseo Gui Control Software

    Installation 8. Attach the USB cable between the Pulseo power supply and the con- trol computer, and turn on the power supply ac power switch. Various messages in the taskbar similar to the one shown in Figure 6-11 will be displayed.

  • Page 90: Initial Startup

    Residual light at 532 nm might also be present. The GUI control software provided with the system allows the operator to easily set up the Pulseo system and maintain it. The control computer con- taining the installed software must be connected to the SERIAL COM interface on the back of the Model J200 power supply.
  • Page 91 USB or serial interface. 3. Turn on the control computer and log in if necessary, then start the Pulseo GUI control program by clicking on its desktop icon. Refer to “The Pulseo GUI Control Panel” on page 6-14 for descriptions of the controls and indicators on this panel.

  • Page 92: The Pulseo Gui Control Panel

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System d. Enter the query to verify the SHG temperature setting. The SHGD? value returned is in counts. If it does not agree with the value on the Ship Report, reset the temperature with the command , where n is the SHG counts number listed on the Ship SHGD <n>...
  • Page 93 Figure 6-14: The Pulseo GUI Control Panel control and indicator—allows the operator to open and close the GATE gate and to view its status.
  • Page 94 DIODE ON/OFF The Pulseo laser system is driven by four laser diodes. Two pump the Note oscillator and two pump the amplifier. Each diode has a factory-pro- grammed diode current setting that allows it to achieve 36 W (?CALC<n>) output power and a diode temperature setting for generat-...
  • Page 95 (in Watts) of the UV POWER 355 nm light that is detected by the Pulseo internal power monitor. It is dis- played as a thermometer and also via a digital readout below the display. If the Pulseo laser is operated with varying repetition rates or with bursts of...
  • Page 96 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System System Ok—is displayed by the system when everything is operating and communicating correctly. 6-18...

  • Page 97: Chapter 7: Operation

    Residual light at 532 nm might also be present. The Pulseo must be started initially using the serial commands described in this chapter. Once the Pulseo system is turned on, it can be controlled using signals applied to the interface or by a combination of LASER CONTROL serial commands and analog signals.

  • Page 98: Summary Of Turn On/Turn Off Using The Serial Interface

    ON/OFF command via the command window. 5. After about a 3-second delay, the Pulseo laser head is capable of emit- ting UV pulses. Allow the system to warm up and attain specified out- put power. The gate will be in the closed position and must be opened.

  • Page 99: Common Operating Methods

    Common Operating Methods Three methods—combinations of serial commands and analog signals— are commonly used to configure the pulsed output of the Pulseo laser. These control methods use the gating capability of the laser, which com- bines the functions of the Q-switch with first pulse suppression (FPS) to form a software-commanded optical switch.

  • Page 100: Method A: Internal Pulse Trigger: Internal Gating

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Gate Method A TRIGGER Laser ENABLE BNC Method B Laser Tgate Pins 8, 9 Laser Control Method C Laser Tgate Figure 7-1: Common Internal Triggering Operating Methods Method A: Internal pulse trigger: internal gating Using this method, control is provided solely via the RS232 or USB serial interface;...

  • Page 101: Method C: Internal Pulse Trigger: External Gating Via Laser Control

    Operation Depending on the time that the gate was off (closed), the first pulse might be 20% higher. This is not a giant first pulse. Case A.1: Internal Trigger, External Enable (GATE) With the internally-generated oscillator enabled (i.e., Q:100000, the Q- switch is continuously open), use the BNC jack to modulate the ENABLE IN...

  • Page 102: Timing Diagrams - Using The External Interface

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Timing Diagrams – Using the external interface External triggering can be used to generate timed pulses that are synchro- nized with the work piece. This function provides the ability to generate “pulses on demand”...

  • Page 103: Method D: External Pulse Trigger: One Pin Operation, Constant Frequency

    Operation Trigger In BNC Method D freq Optical Output Trigger In BNC Method E Optical Output Trigger In BNC Method F Enable In BNC Optical Output Trigger In BNC freq Optical Output Large First Pulse (+20%) Method G Trigger In BNC freq Optical Output Balanced First...

  • Page 104: Method F: External Pulse Trigger: External Gating

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Method F: External Pulse Trigger: External Gating This method may be used to eliminate the single-trailing pulse at the end of the pulse train. Notice that if the line does not fall within 1.7 µs of...

  • Page 105: The Serial Command Language

    Operation The Serial Command Language Pinout/Wiring The Pulseo is controlled via a computer connected to the either the port on the back of the power supply. A personal com- SERIAL COM puter running the Pulseo GUI control software is required for initial setup and testing.

  • Page 106: Basic Commands

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Basic Commands The commands in this section are those most likely used. Examples are turning the laser on and off, opening and closing the shutter, commanding diode current and verifying system output power.
  • Page 107 Operation G:<n> Range n = 0 (close), 1 (open) This command controls the Q-switch gate. The query returns a string, “OPEN” or “CLOSED”. The set value is non-volatile (the value is remembered after reboot). Example: G:0< > close the gate G:1<...
  • Page 108 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System PCURA:<f> ?PCURA ≤ ≤ Range: 80 This command sets a percentage of the total amplifier diode currents (100% = CALC) (“amplifier” = diodes 3 and 4). Issuing this command is equivalent to using a combination of C3:xx and C4:xx.
  • Page 109 Operation Q:<f> ≤ ≤ Range: 0 1000000 This command sets the Q-switch repetition rate (in Hertz). The query returns the set repetition rate. f = 0 is equivalent to external Q-switch control mode (external trigger mode). In this mode, signals on pin 20 of the analog port determine the Q-switch repetition rate. Signals on pin 20 are ignored unless this Q value is set to zero.

  • Page 110: Important Commands

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Example: SHUTEXT:0 < > ignore the analog control signals SHUTEXT:1 < > use the analog control signals SHTEXT < > query whether or not the system is using the analog control signals 1 <...
  • Page 111 Operation SHGD:<n> ?SHGD ?SHG Range: n = 1 ... 4095, where n represents DAC counts 1 through 4095 This command sets the SHG (532 nm) crystal oven temperature (in counts). The query ?SHGD returns the last set value. The query ?SHG returns the last read value. Example: SHGD:2050<...
  • Page 112 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System ?SPOT Range: n = 1 to 48 This query returns the last commanded spot position. Example: ?SPOT< > query the last commanded crystal location 2 < >< > reply: last location was at spot 2 *STB? This query returns the system status byte as an integer value.

  • Page 113: Commands Used Less Often

    Range: n = 1, 2, 3, 4 This command sets the Pulseo splash lines that are printed on the power supply LCD display. Splash lines are limited to 20 characters and are displayed for approximately 30 seconds during system boot-up.
  • Page 114 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System ?CALC<n> Range: n = 1, 2, 3, 4 This query returns the initial current set point (in Amps) to achieve 36 W for diode # n. Example: ?CALC1< >...
  • Page 115 Operation ?CS<n> Ranges: n = 1, 2, 3, 4 This query returns the last set current (Amps) for diode # n. Example: ?CS2< > query the set current of diode 2 20.30 < >< > reply: 20.30 A See also: PCURAS, PCUROS, C ?DCL<n>...
  • Page 116 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System EFREQMIN? This query returns the lowest user-settable value for EFREQ. Example: EFREQMIN?< > query minimum user-settable frequency 99000< >< > reply from system See also EFREQ. This query returns the current system status description as a string. See Appendix A for a list of status codes.
  • Page 117 This query returns the laser’s identification string in the form of four comma-separated fields. The first field is the manufacturer, the second the laser model, the third is serial numbers, and the fourth is software version information. *IDN?<CR> Spectra-Physics, Pulseo, 111111/2009, 0065-00.000.018/JP00002016/0070-00.000.012< >< >...
  • Page 118 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Note: These direct diode temperature control commands should be reserved for troubleshooting and are not recommended for normal operation. Example: ?T1:20.30< > set diode 1 temperature to 20.30 degrees C ?T1<...

  • Page 119: The Laser Control Interface

    Operation The LASER CONTROL Interface Figure 7-4: 25-Pin Connector LASER CONTROL The Model J200 port connector is a 25-pin D-sub, LASER CONTROL female jack (Tyco Electronics P/N 5205208-1). This port is used to control the laser system via user-supplied DC voltages and/or TTL-level signals. Table 7-3 describes the functions of the 25 pins.
  • Page 120 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Table 7-3: Interface LASER CONTROL Function Description +5 V_EXT User-supplied 5 V input for the optical isolation circuitry. This pro- vides power for outputs and must be externally supplied if the output indicator pins are to be used.

  • Page 121: Important Notes On Controlling Pulseo Output Power

    There is no lower diode current limit. However if the diode current is low- ered to the point where the Pulseo laser operates close to threshold, unsta- ble operation might result. If diode current is lowered below the Pulseo threshold, no laser light will be emitted.

  • Page 122: A Cautionary Note On Changing Power

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System A Cautionary Note on Changing Power Pulseo systems are specified and tested for the highest power they can reli- ably output. The laser must not be operated at power levels higher than the tested level.
  • Page 123 Operation should operate correctly at specified output power without the diode laser running at maximum power. Any user-set diode current value higher than the diode current limit will not be accepted by the system. However, operating the laser near the cur- rent limit may force the system into a safety shutdown mode.
  • Page 124 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System 7-28...

  • Page 125: Chapter 8 Maintenance And Service

    This chapter describes the procedures used to maintain the output of the Pulseo and to extend its lifetime. An outline of the procedures is listed first, then each procedure is described in detail in the sections that follow.
  • Page 126 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Optimize the harmonic crystal temperatures (refer to “Optimizing the Harmonic Crystal Temperatures” on page 8-3). If this restores the UV power, the procedure is finished; if not, proceed. 3. If the THG crystal spot hours are between 500 and 1000 hours, move the THG to a new spot.

  • Page 127: Optimizing The Harmonic Crystal Temperatures

    The equivalent commands and queries for the THG crystal are THGD and ?THGD. Alternatively, the crystal temperatures can be read and set using the Pulseo GUI software. To optimize the temperatures of the nonlinear crystals, first start with the SHG crystal.

  • Page 128: Translating The Thg Crystal

    “spot,” through the LBO material. The THG crystal in the Pulseo laser head is mounted on a motorized stage with two-dimensional motion capability to enable this translation. Stage motion is controlled by serial commands.

  • Page 129: The Model J200 Power Supply

    Maintenance and Service Table 8-1: Overall Sequence of THG Crystal Movement The Model J200 Power Supply Changing the Desiccant The blue desiccant canisters for the air purge are visible through the grill in the top left of the power supply front panel. When a portion of both canis- ters appears pink, it is time to consider changing the desiccant.
  • Page 130 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System 2. Remove the cover plate (Figure 8-2). Figure 8-2: Remove the cover plate. 3. Disconnect the air lines to the front of the desiccant canisters and seal the lines with the caps provided (Figure 8-3 and Figure 8-4).
  • Page 131 Maintenance and Service 4. Slide the canister assembly out of the power supply (Figure 8-5). Figure 8-5: Slide the particle filter out. Disconnect the filter assembly from the air lines at the back of the can- isters, again taking care to seal the purge lines with the caps provided (Figure 8-6).
  • Page 132 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System 6. The chamber in the power supply is now ready to receive the new can- ister assembly (Figure 8-7 and Figure 8-8). Figure 8-7: The empty chamber for the new canister assembly.

  • Page 133: Changing The Air Filters

    Maintenance and Service 7. Reverse the steps above to install the new filter assembly. a. Connect the new particle filter to the air line at the back of the chamber. b. Reconnect the air lines to the front of the canisters. c.

  • Page 134: Fuses

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Fuses The Pulseo incorporates double pole neutral fusing for 200 to 240 Vac operation. The two fuses are located on the rear panel and can be accessed using a standard screwdriver. Fuses must be of same type and rating. Allow only a service technician to replace these fuses.

  • Page 135: Service Training Programs

    Maintenance and Service Service Training Programs The Pulseo laser is designed for hands-off operation, and does not require daily alignment or a routine cleaning of cavity optics. Unauthorized repair will void the warranty. Spectra-Physics offers Service Training Programs in the diagnosis of prob- lems and repair of the system.

  • Page 136: Customer Service

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Customer Service At Spectra-Physics, we take great pride in the reliability of our products. Considerable emphasis has been placed on controlled manufacturing meth- ods and quality control throughout the manufacturing process. Neverthe- less, even the finest precision instruments will need occasional service.

  • Page 137: Notice

    Contact your nearest Spectra-Physics field sales office, service center or local distributor for shipping instructions or an on-site service appointment. To return the unit(s) to Spectra-Physics for service, repair or upgrade, use the original crates and packing material to repack the unit(s). Just follow the unpacking instructions in the “Unpacking”...

  • Page 138: Service Centers

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Service Centers Belgium Telephone: 0800 11257 Fax: 0800 11302 France Telephone: 0810 007 615 Fax: 0810 062 611 Germany and Export Countries Spectra-Physics GmbH Guerickeweg 7 D-64291 Darmstadt Telephone:...
  • Page 139 Taiwan, R.O.C. Telephone: (886) 2 -2769-9796 Fax: (886) 2-2769-9638 United Kingdom Telephone: (44) 1442-258100 United States and Export Countries Spectra-Physics 1330 Terra Bella Avenue Mountain View, CA 94043 Telephone: (800) 456-2552 (Service) or (800) (Sales) or SPL-LASER (800) 775-5273 (Sales) or...
  • Page 140 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System 8-16...

  • Page 141: Appendix A: Status Codes

    Action Required “SYSTEM OK” Normal system operation Notification No action required. “FUSE_ILK” Fuse interlock open Fault Contact your Spectra-Physics Service Provider. “SYS_ILK” System interlock open Fault Verify that the interlock jumper is installed. “USR_ILK” Analog interlock open Fault Indicates that connector P3 on the main control PCB may be loose.
  • Page 142 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Table A-1: System Events Event string Event Description Event Type Code Action Required “DIODE 3 TEMPERATURE” Diode 3 temp <10°C or >45°C Fault Verify and log the diode temperature using ?T<n>, where n = 1, 2, 3, 4.

  • Page 143: Appendix B: A Brief Review Of Laser Theory

    Appendix B A Brief Review of Laser Theory Emission and Absorption of Light Laser is an acronym derived from Light Amplification by Stimulated Emis- sion of Radiation. Thermal radiators, such as the sun, emit light in all direc- tions, the individual photons having no definite relationship with one another.

  • Page 144: Population Inversion

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Figure B-1: Electrons occupy distinct orbitals that are defined as the probability of finding an electron at a given position. The shape of the orbital is determined by the radial and angular dependence of this probability.
  • Page 145 A Brief Review of Laser Theory When a material is at thermal equilibrium, there exists a Boltzmann distri- bution of its atoms over the array of available energy levels with most atoms in the ground state. Since the rate of absorption of all frequencies exceeds that of emission, the absorption coefficient at any frequency is pos- itive.

  • Page 146: Resonant Optical Cavity

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Resonant Optical Cavity To sustain lasing action, the gain medium must be placed in an optical cav- ity. The latter can be defined by two mirrors which provide feedback to the active medium, i.e., photons emitted parallel to the cavity axis are reflected...

  • Page 147: Nd 3+ As A Laser Medium

    Ti:sapphire laser can be pumped by an argon ion laser or a diode laser can be used to pump a solid state laser. The Pulseo uses the output from a diode laser to pump Nd...

  • Page 148: Diode-Pumped Laser Design

    Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Diode-Pumped Laser Design A diode laser combines high brightness, high efficiency, monochromaticity and compact size in an ideal source for pumping solid-state lasers. Figure B-5 shows the emission spectra of a diode laser compared to a krypton arc lamp, and compares that with the absorption spectra of the Nd ion.

  • Page 149: Harmonic Generation

    Spectra-Physics has developed an efficient method of coupling the output of the diode laser into the laser crystal, where a fiber-optic feeds the diode laser output into a telescopic combination of lenses that optimizes the pump beam for proper mode matching.
  • Page 150 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System This “wavelength dispersion” will cause the two beams to be quickly out of phase in the crystal unless special techniques are employed. These tech- niques rely on the natural birefringence of the crystals used for frequency conversion.

  • Page 151: Acousto-Optic Modulation And Q-Switching

    A Brief Review of Laser Theory Acousto-Optic Modulation and Q-Switching An acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is a block of fused silica that acts as an optical phase grating when vibrated by an ultrasonic wave. The photoelas- tic effect describes how the strain field produced in the material by the ultrasonic wave changes the optical index of refraction in the block.
  • Page 152 Pulseo High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System B-10...

  • Page 153: Notes

    Notes Notes-1...
  • Page 154 High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Notes-2...
  • Page 155 Notes Notes-3...
  • Page 156 High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Notes-4...
  • Page 157 Notes Notes-5...
  • Page 158 High Peak Power, Diode Pumped, Q-Switched, 355 nm Laser System Notes-6...

  • Page 159: Report Form For Problems And Solutions

    Report Form for Problems and Solutions We have provided this form to encourage you to tell us about any difficul- ties you have experienced in using your Spectra-Physics instrument or its manual—problems that did not require a formal call or letter to our service department, but that you feel should be remedied.

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