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8 . CAMERA
OUT
(For TLP711)
The camera out circuit converts luminance color differ-
ence signals (Y/Pb/Pr) sent from a CCD camera into a
standard video signal in a format of the NTSC or PAL
system. Moreover, this circuit also bypasses the CCD
camera signal to the main unit side.
8-1. Signal Input Circuit
The luminance color difference signals (Y/Pb/Pr), H
(horizontal sync signal), and V (vertical sync signal)
enter the input circuit from the CCD camera.
Each signal level is as follows.
Y :
1.2 V(p-p) + 1.2V (DC bias)
Pb/Pr: 1.2 V(p-p) + 0.6V (DC bias)
H/V:
3 V(p-p)
The signal input circuit converts the signal levels as
shown below, required for the camera output circuit and
the main unit circuit.
< Camera out >
Y :
2.0 V(p-p)
Pb/Pr: 2.0 V(p-p)
H/V:
5 V(p-p)
8-2. A/D Converter
The A/D converter in one chip has 3 inputs and accepts
each of Y, Pb, and Pr signal. It also 3 channels for the
digital output ports. But in the circuit, 2 channels are
used to convert the data in a format called 4:2:2 format.
In the 4:2:2 format, each pixel data for the luminance
color difference signal (Y/Pb/Pr) is assumed as pixel 0
(Y0/Pb0/Pr0), pixel 1 (Y1/Pb1,Pr1), ......, one channel
→ Y1 → Y2 → Y3, and the other channel
develops Y0
→ Pr0 → Pb2 → Pr2. That is, each of Pb
develops Pb0
and Pr is output by 2 pixels at every two pixels to 4
p i x e l s f o r Y .
The A/D converter contains a clamp circuit and the
signals are clamped with the clamp signal sent from the
PLD. The reference voltages for the A/D are made by
QH350 and set to within 1.5V – 3.5V.
CIRCUIT
< Main unit >
Y :
0.7 V(p-p)
Pb/Pr: 0.7 V(p-p)
H/V:
5 V(p-p)
8-3. P L D
The PLD controls all of the digital signal processes such as
timings for the A/D converter, NTSC/PAL encoder, PLL
control, memory control, picture format conversion, etc.
The signal systems and their effective areas for the
signals developed in the camera out circuit are as follows:
NTSC: 720 samples in H direction, 480 lines in
V direction (interlace)
PAL:
680 samples in H direction, 512 lines in
V direction (interlace)
On the other hand, as the CCD camera signal has XGA
resolution of 1024 samples in H direction and 768 lines
in V direction, some of them are skipped when storing in
the memory. In the NTSC system, 3 of 8 are skipped to
obtain 480 lines and in the PAL, 1 of 3 is skipped to
obtain 512 lines.
Moreover, a serial data in 4:2:2 format is sent to the
NTSC/PAL encoder. Each signal is in the order of Pb0
→ Pr0 → Y1 → Pb2 → Y2 → Pr2 → Y3 → in 4:2:2
Y0
format.
The NTSC and PAL mode are determined by logic of
SH001 (2p). In the logic L, the mode is set to the NTSC
and in the H the mode is PAL. This logic is read in the
main microprocessor through the I
8-4. NTSC/PAL Encoder
The encoder contains a D/A converter and converts the
4:2:2 format serial data sent from the PLD into the NTSC
or PAL format composite signal. Switching of the NTSC
or PAL is determined by the logic of SH001 shown above
and controlled by the main microprocessor through the
2
I
C bus.
8-5. Signal Output Circuit
This circuit consists of the circuit which adjusts the
NTSC or PAL format composite signal sent from the
encoder to a specified level and a driver with 75-ohm
impedance. The 75-ohm driver consists of QH602 and
contains a sag reduction circuit. Sags are eliminated by
the capacitor CH607.
8-1
→
2
C bus via QH700.
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