Steam Flow In Pipes; Condensation In Pipes - Xylem Bell & Gossett Hoffman Speciality Series Engineering Data Manual

Steam Flow in Pipes

REASONABLE VELOCITIES for fluid flow through pipes
Fluid
SATURATED STEAM
SATURATED STEAM
SUPERHEATED STEAM
WATER
WATER
WATER
SATURATED STEAM (lbs/hr) at 6000 ft/min (velocity) in iron or steel pipe
Pipe Size
(Inches) 5
1 ⁄ 30
2
3 ⁄ 55
4
1 90
1 1 ⁄ 160
4
1 1 ⁄ 220
2
2 370
2 1 ⁄ 525
2
3 800
3 1 ⁄ 1100
2
4 1450
5 2300
6 3200
8 5700
10 9300
12 13500
COMPARATIVE CAPACITIES of different sizes of pipe
1
⁄
Pipe Size, Inches
2
Capacity Factor 2.0
EXAMPLE: To get size of pipe to serve a

Condensation in Pipes

CONDENSATION (lbs/hr) per 100 ft. pipe with 2-in. thick 85% magnesia insulation
Pressure DIAMETER OF PIPE IN INCHES
PSI
⁄ ⁄
3 1
(Gauge) 1 1 2
4 2
2 3 3 4
1
2 3 3 4
3
3 3 4 4
5
3 3 4 4
10
3 3 4 5
20
30 3 4 5 5
Condensation in 3" and larger pipe are corrected for heat loss due to friction. Velocity taken at 8000 ft./min. Based on standard formulas.
CONDENSATION RATES at 70°F. (for bare steel pipe with natural movement of air)
Pipe
Size
1 2
(Inches)
3 ⁄ .11 .13
4
1 .15 .15
1 ⁄
1 .21 .21
2
2 .24 .25
1 ⁄
2 .30 .31
2
3 .38 .39
4
.46 .47
5
.55 .56
Per Sq. Ft.
Heat. Surface .34 .35
Pressure PSI (Gauge)
0-15
50-up
200-up
25-40
50-150
150
PRESSURE PSI (GAUGE)
10 15
40 45
70 80 110
110 125 180
200 225 325
270 300 450
455 520 750
650 750 1050
950 1350 1600
1350 1550 2200
1800 2000 2900
2800 3200 4600
3900 4500 6400
7000 8000 11400
11400 13000 18900
16600 18900 27000
3 1 1
⁄ ⁄ ⁄
1 1 1 2
4 4 2
3.5 5.5 10.0 13.5 22.5
1 ⁄ 3 ⁄
" and " pipe, add factors:
2 4
⁄
1
2 3 4 5 6 8
2
4 5 6 7 8 11
4 5 6 7 9 11
5 5 6 7 10 12
5 5 7 9 11 13
5 5 8 10 12 15
6 7 9 11 13 16
STEAM PRESSURE PSI (Gauge)
Pounds Condensed Per Hour, Per Lineal Foot of Pipe
4 6 8 10
.14 .14 .15 .15
.16 .16 .17 .18
.22 .23 .23 .24
.26 .27 .27 .29
.32 .33 .34 .36
.40 .41 .43 .44
.48 .49 .51 .53
.59 .60 .62 .64
.36 .37 .39 .41
Service
Heating Mains
Miscellaneous
Turbine and Boiler Leads
City Service
General Service
Boiler Feed
30 50 75
60 90 120
160 220
270 390
480 650
650 900
1100 1500
1600 2175
2500 3350
3300 4550
4300 5850
6900 9300
9800 13200
17200 23300
28200 38000
40800 55300
1 1
⁄ ⁄
2 3 3 4
2 2
31.5 48.5 65.0 84.0
1 ⁄ 3 ⁄
" factor (2) + " factor (3.5) = 5.5 (1" factor).
2 4
Pressure
PSI
⁄
3
10 12 (Gauge) 1
4
13 15 4 4
50
14 15 4 5
70
14 17 5 5
100
15 18 5 6
125
18 21 6 6
150
20 24 200 6 7
20 30 40 50
.16 .18 .20 .22
.20 .23 .25 .27
.28 .33 .36 .39
.33 .38 .42 .46
.41 .46 .51 .55
.50 .56 .61 .66
.61 .68 .76 .83
.74 .83 .91 1.00
.47 .53 .59 .65
Velocities—FPM
100 125
150 180
280 340
460 560
820 990
1100 1300
1900 2300
2750 3300
4250 5150
5700 6900 10200
7400 8900 13450
11700 14100 21200
16800 20300 30800
29300 35400 53100
48100 58100 87100
69700 84200 126500
1
⁄
4 5 6 7
2
105. 131.5 190. 255.
DIAMETER OF PIPE IN INCHES
⁄ ⁄
1 1
1 2 2 3 4 5
2 2
5 6 7 9 11 13 16
6 7 8 10 13 15 18
7 8 9 12 15 18 20
7 8 9 13 16 19 22
8 9 10 14 17 21 24
8 9 11 15 19 24 28
75 100 125 150
.26 .29 .32 .35
.31 .35 .39 .42
.45 .50 .55 .60
.54 .61 .68 .74
.65 .73 .81 .88
.77 .86 .94 1.03 1.19
1.04 1.11 1.23 1.33 1.50
1.24 1.32 1.46 1.59 1.81
.73 .81 .90 1.00 1.15
4000-6000
6000-8000
10000-15000
120-300
300-600
600
200 250
270 330
510 620
840 1020
1490 1830
2060 2550
3450 4200
4950 6050
7700 9450
12700
16400
26000
36900
65200
106500
154700
8 9 10
329. 430. 539.
6 8 10 12
19 24 28
22 27 32
25 31 37
28 35 41
31 38 45
35 44 51
Sq. Ft. of
Surface =
to 1 Lineal
200 Ft. of Pipe
.40 .275
.49 .345
.69 .497
.622
.81
.752
.97
.917
1.179
1.459
15