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Linear Technology LTM4636 Manual

40a dc/dc mumodule regulator
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FeaTures
Stacked Inductor Acts as Heat Sink
n
Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.7V to 15V
n
0.6V to 3.3V Output Voltage Range
n
±1.3% Total DC Output Voltage Error Over Line,
n
Load and Temperature (–40°C to 125°C)
Differential Remote Sense Amplifier for Precision
n
Regulation
Current Mode Control/Fast Transient Response
n
Frequency Synchronization
n
Parallel Current Sharing (Up to 240A)
n
Internal or External Compensation
n
88% Efficiency (12V
n
IN
Overcurrent Foldback Protection
n
16mm × 16mm × 7.07mm BGA Package
n
applicaTions
Telecom Servers and Networking Equipment
n
Industrial Equipment and Medical Systems
n
Typical applicaTion
V
≤ 5.5V, TIE V
, INTV
IN
IN
TOGETHER, TIE RUNP TO GND.
V
> 5.5V, THEN OPERATE AS SHOWN
IN
4.70V TO
15V
+
22µF
100µF
16V
25V
×5
34.8k
PINS NOT USED IN THIS CIRCUIT:
CLKOUT, GMON, PGOOD, PHMODE, PWM,
SW, TEST1, TEST2, TEST3, TEST4, TMON
OPTIONAL TEMP MONITOR
, 1V
) at 40A
OUT
1V, 40A DC/DC µModule Regulator
AND PV
CC
CC
PV
CC
INTV
CC
15k
V
INTV
PV
IN
CC
CC
RUNC
LTM4636
0.1µF
RUNP
INTV
HIZREG
CC
V
FREQ
TRACK/SS
MODE/PLLIN
V
SNSP1
SNSP2
COMPA
COMPB
+
–
TEMP
TEMP
SGND
PGND
For more information
40A DC/DC µModule
DescripTion
The
LTM
4636
®
module) switching regulator with a stacked inductor as a
heat sink for quicker heat dissipation and cooler operation
in a small package. The exposed inductor permits direct
contact with airflow from any direction. The LTM4636
can deliver 40W (12V
40°C rise over the ambient temperature. Full-power 40W
is delivered, up to 83°C ambient and half-power 20W is
supported at 110°C ambient.
The LTM4636 operates at 92%, 90% and 88% efficiency,
delivering 15A, 30A and 40A, respectively, to a 1V load
(12V
). The µModule regulator is scalable such that four
IN
µModules in current sharing mode deliver 160W with only
40°C rise and 88% efficiency (12V
The LTM4636 is offered in a 16mm × 16mm × 7.07mm
BGA package.
L, LT, LTC, LTM, PolyPhase, Burst Mode, µModule, Linear Technology, LTpowerCAD and the
Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks
are the property of their respective owners. Protected by U.S. Patents, including 5481178,
5847554, 6580258, 6304066, 6476589, 6774611, 6677210, 8163643.
PV
CC
22µF
1V
V
OUT
+
OUTS1
+
470µF
6.3V
×3
–
OUTS1
V
FB
7.5k
4636 TA01a
www.linear.com/LTM4636
LTM4636
Regulator
is a 40A step-down µModule (power
, 1V
, 40A, 200LFM) with only
IN
OUT
, 1V
IN
12V
, 1V
IN
OUT
vs Output Current
100
95
90
85
80
V
OUT
1V, 40A
75
100µF
6.3V
70
×4
0
15
5
10
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
, 400LFM).
OUT
Efficiency
20
25
30
35
40
4636 TA01b
4636f
1

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Summary of Contents for Linear Technology LTM4636

  • Page 1 BGA package. Telecom Servers and Networking Equipment L, LT, LTC, LTM, PolyPhase, Burst Mode, µModule, Linear Technology, LTpowerCAD and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks Industrial Equipment and Medical Systems are the property of their respective owners. Protected by U.S. Patents, including 5481178, 5847554, 6580258, 6304066, 6476589, 6774611, 6677210, 8163643.

  • Page 2: Absolute Maximum Ratings

    LTM4636 absoluTe MaxiMuM raTings (Note 1) – , SW, HZBREG, RUNP ......–0.3V to 16V TEMP , TEMP .......... –0.3V to 0.8V ............–0.3V to 3.5V INTV Peak Output Current (Note 6) ....20mA PGOOD, RUNC, TMON, PV , MODE/PLLIN, PHMODE, Internal Operating Temperature Range –...

  • Page 3: Electrical Characteristics

    LTM4636 elecTrical characTerisTics denotes the specifications which apply over the specified internal operating temperature range (Note 2), otherwise specifications are at T = 25°C. V = 12V, per the Typical Application in Figure 20. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS UNITS Input DC Voltage ≤...
  • Page 4 LTM4636 elecTrical characTerisTics denotes the specifications which apply over the specified internal operating temperature range (Note 2), otherwise specifications are at T = 25°C. V = 12V, per the typical application in Figure 20. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS UNITS Remote Sense Amplifier...

  • Page 5: Typical Performance Characteristics

    Note 2: The LTM4636 is tested under pulsed load conditions such that Note 3: The minimum on-time condition is specified for a peak-to-peak ≈ T . The LTM4636E is guaranteed to meet performance specifications inductor ripple current of ~40% of I Load.
  • Page 6 LTM4636 Typical perForMance characTerisTics 1.5V Transient Response 1.8V Transient Response 2.5V Transient Response 50mV/DIV 50mV/DIV 100mV/DIV 50µs/DIV 100µs/DIV 100µs/DIV 10A/DIV 10A/DIV 10A/DIV 18A/µs 18A/µs 18A/µs STEP STEP STEP 4636 G07 4636 G08 4636 G09 12V TO 1.5V TRANSIENT RESPONSE 12V TO 1.8V TRANSIENT RESPONSE 12V TO 2.5V TRANSIENT RESPONSE...

  • Page 7: Pin Functions

    Table 5. Just connect this pin to COMPA for internal compensa- SNSP2 (F1): Current Sense Signal Path. Connect this pin tion. In parallel operation with other LTM4636 devices, to SNSP1 (F2). connect COMPA and COMPB pins together for internal SNSP1 (F2): Current Sense Signal Path.
  • Page 8 (G12): Temperature Monitor. An internal diode INTV (F6): Internal 5.5V LDO for Driving the Control connected NPN transistor. See the Applications Informa- Circuitry in the LTM4636. INTV is controlled and enabled tion section. when RUNC is activated high. Tie to V , when 4.7V ≤...

  • Page 9: Block Diagram

    LTM4636 block DiagraM 4636f For more information www.linear.com/LTM4636...

  • Page 10: Decoupling Requirements

    >10%. The The LTM4636 is a high efficiency regulator that can provide top MOSFET is turned off and the bottom MOSFET is a 40A output with few external input and output capacitors.

  • Page 11: Applications Information

    There are restrictions in the V to V step-down ratio that The LTM4636 module should be connected to a low AC- can be achieved for a given input voltage. The maximum impedance DC source. Additional input capacitors are duty cycle is 94% typical at 500kHz operation. The V needed for the RMS input ripple current rating.
  • Page 12 Pulse-skipping operation allows LTpowerCAD is available for stability analysis. Multiphase the LTM4636 to skip cycles at low output loads, thus operation will reduce effective output ripple as a function increasing efficiency by reducing switching loss. Tying of the number of phases.
  • Page 13 Input RMS Ripple Current Cancellation locked loop allows the LTM4636 to lock onto input clock phase as well. The FREQ resistor is selected for normal Application Note 77 provides a detailed explanation of frequency, then the incoming clock can synchronize the multiphase operation.
  • Page 14 LTM4636 applicaTions inForMaTion The relationship of FREQV voltage to switching frequency The LTM4636's CLKOUT pin phase difference from V is shown in Figure 3. For low output voltages from 0.6V can be programmed by applying a voltage to the PHMODE to 1.2V, 350kHz operation is an optimal frequency for the...
  • Page 15     OUT(SLAVE) TRACK be used to develop that master ramp. The LTM4636 can be used as a master by setting the ramp rate on its track is the track ramp applied to the slave’s track pin. TRACK pin using a soft-start capacitor.
  • Page 16 LTM4636 applicaTions inForMaTion 5V PV INTV 4.7V TO 22µF 100µF INTV COMPA 22µF TMON VOLTAGE OUT TEMP MONITOR COMPB PV CC1 TRACK/SS 2200pF ×5 2.2 , 0805 0.1µF 1.5V AT 40A RUNC LTM4636 RUNP OUTS1 470µF 470µF INTV HIZREG 6.3V 6.3V...
  • Page 17 I is always greater than I , leaves us with The LTM4636 has overcurrent protection (OCP) in a the equation that: short circuit. The internal current comparator threshold folds back during a short to reduce the output current. An = T KELVIN •K...
  • Page 18 = K' • T(KELVIN) Figure 8. The Two Images Show the LTM4636 Operating at 1V at 40A and 3.3V at 35A from a 12V Input. Both Images Reflect Only a 40°C to 45°C Rise Above Ambient at Full Load Current with 200LFM.
  • Page 19 PV Regulators total parasitic inductance in the switch path. If a resistor The LTM4636 has an internal low dropout regulator from is selected that is equal to Z, then the ringing should be called INTV . This regulator output has a 4.7μF dampened.
  • Page 20 LTM4636 applicaTions inForMaTion Many designers may opt to use laboratory equipment and a age, but there is always heat flow out into the ambient test vehicle such as the demo board to predict the µModule environment. As a result, this thermal resistance value regulator’s thermal performance in their application at...
  • Page 21 (3) the model and FEA software factor at 125°C junction. If the 94°C ambient temperature is used to evaluate the LTM4636 with heat sink and airflow; is subtracted from the 125°C junction temperature, then (4) having solved for and analyzed these thermal resis- the difference of 31°C divided by 4.2W equals a 7.4°C/W...
  • Page 22 LTM4636 applicaTions inForMaTion 3.3V , 500kHz 3.3V , 700kHz 3.3V , 750kHz 2.5V , 500kHz 2.5V , 600kHz 2.5V , 650kHz 1.8V , 450kHz 1.8V , 500kHz 1.8V , 600kHz 1.5V , 425kHz 1.5V , 450kHz 1.5V , 550kHz 1.2V , 300kHz 1.2V...
  • Page 23 Figure 10, 12 Figures 17, 18 Figure 10, 12 Figures 17, 18 Figure 10, 12 Table 5. LTM4636 Capacitor Matrix, All Below Parameters are Typical and are Dependent on Board Layout Taiyo Yuden 22µF, 25V C3216X7S0J226M Panasonic SP 470µF 2.5V...
  • Page 24 LTM4636 applicaTions inForMaTion PEAK-TO-PEAK LOAD (CERAMIC) AND DROOP DEVIATION RECOVERY STEP FREQ OUT1 COMP (CERAMIC) (BULK) (CERAMIC AND BULK) (pf) (pf) (mV) (mV) TIME (µs) (A/µs) (kΩ) (kHz) OUT2 22µF × 5 100µF 100µF × 8, 470µF × 3 5,12 22µF ×...
  • Page 25 Layout Checklist/Example temperature power loss curves are provided in Figures 10 The high integration of the LTM4636 makes the PCB through 12. The printed circuit board is a 1.6mm thick six board layout very simple and easy. However, to optimize...
  • Page 26 LTM4636 applicaTions inForMaTion OUT3 OUT4 OUT1 OUT2 FREQ TEMP SENSE SNUB 0805 SNUB 0603 4636 F19 Figure 19. Recommended PCB Layout 4636f For more information www.linear.com/LTM4636...

  • Page 27: Typical Applications

    TEMP SNSP1 SNSP2 SGND PGND 4636 F20 OPTIONAL TEMP MONITOR SGND PINS NOT USED IN CIRCUIT LTM4636: CLKOUT, GMON, PGOOD, PHMODE, PWM, TEST1, TEST2, TEST3, TEST4, TMON Figure 20. 4.70V to 15V, 1V at 40A Design 4636f For more information...
  • Page 28 7.5k OPTIONAL TEMP MONITOR 4636 F21 FOR TELEMETRY READBACK ICs SGND PINS NOT USED IN CIRCUIT LTM4636 U1: GMON, PGOOD, PWM, TEST1, TEST2, TEST3, TEST4, V OSNS1 PINS NOT USED IN CIRCUIT LTM4636 U2: GMON, PGOOD, PHMODE, PWM, TEST1, TEST2, TEST3, TEST4 Figure 21.
  • Page 29 SNSP1 SNSP2 SGND PGND OPTIONAL TEMP MONITOR FOR TELEMETRY READBACK ICs SGND 5V PV INTV 22µF INTV PINS NOT USED IN CIRCUIT LTM4636 U1: COMPA GMON, PGOOD, PHMODE, PWM, TEST1, 22µF COMP COMPB 100pF TEST2, TEST3, TEST4, V OUTS1 VOLTAGE OUT...
  • Page 30 LTM4636 Typical applicaTions 4636 F24 4636 F23 Figure 24. Thermal Plot, 12V to 0.9V at Figure 23. Demo Board 120A, 400LFM Air Flow 40mV DROOP 30A/µs STEP 4636 F26 INTERNAL COMPENSATION = 6X 470µf 6V TPD POS CAP , 12 × 100µf CERAMIC...
  • Page 31 LTM4636 Typical applicaTions 5V PV INTV 7V TO 14V 22µf 22µF 22µF 22µF 22µF INTV COMPA COMP COMPB VOLTAGE OUT TK/SS TK/SS TMON TEMP MONITOR PWM2 TP 2200pf 2.2 , 0805 RUNC RUNC RUNP RUNP LTM4636 150µF INTV HIZREG 100µF 470µF...
  • Page 32 LTM4636 Typical applicaTions 4636 F29 Figure 29. Thermal Plot, 12V to 0.9V at 4636 F28 160A, 400LFM Air Flow Figure 28. DC2448A Demo Board 31mV DROOP 30A/µs STEP 4636 F31 INTERNAL COMPENSATION = 8X 470µF 6V TPD POS CAP , 16 × 100µF CERAMIC...

  • Page 33: Package Description

    LTM4636 package DescripTion PACKAGE ROW AND COLUMN LABELING MAY VARY AMONG µModule PRODUCTS. REVIEW EACH PACKAGE LAYOUT CAREFULLY. Pin Assignment Table (Arranged by Pin Number) PIN ID FUNCTION PIN ID FUNCTION PIN ID FUNCTION PIN ID FUNCTION PIN ID FUNCTION...

  • Page 34: Top View

    LTM4636 package DescripTion TOP VIEW – COMPB OUTS1 OUTS1 PGOOD RUNC TEST4 TRACK/SS COMPA TEST2 SNSP2 SNSP1 HIZREG SGND INTV – CLKOUT SGND FREQ PHASMD RUNP TEMP TEMP TEST3 MODE/PLLIN TEST1 TMON GMON package phoTo 4636f For more information www.linear.com/LTM4636...
  • Page 35 4636f Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representa- For more information www.linear.com/LTM4636 tion that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.

  • Page 36: Typical Application

    Quick videos detailing how to bench test electrical and thermal performance of µModule products. Digital Power System Management Linear Technology’s family of digital power supply management ICs are highly integrated solutions that offer essential functions, including power supply monitoring, supervision, margining and sequencing, and feature EEPROM for storing user configurations and fault logging.

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