Contents General Information ........................4 Symbols used ..........................5 Safety .............................5 Standards and Directives ......................5 Safety instructions for the laser system ..................5 Requirements for the personnel ....................6 Safety instructions for transport, installation, commissioning and cleaning ......6 Description of the warnings .......................7 Product labeling CHM 8k ......................8 Designated use .........................8 Technical Data ..........................9 Technical Description .........................
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.4.4 Format structure ........................41 Status code ..........................46 8.5.1 Escalated service codes ......................47 Firmware update ........................50 Communication via Ethernet web interface ................51 8.7.1 Device overview and access rights (Device tab) ..............51 8.7.2 Access to measurement data (NetCDF files, viewer) ............
G. Lufft GmbH. Violations will be prosecuted. The manual was prepared with due care. No liability is assumed for damages resulting from failure to observe the information contained in the manual.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 1.1 Symbols used Important indication for the correct functioning of the equipment Required action step 2 Safety 2.1 Standards and Directives For the safe operation of laser devices, all standards, directives and regulations for laser safety and laser beam protection issued by manufacturers and users of laser devices must be observed (see 14 EU Declaration of Conformity).
Maintenance and adjustment work on the CHM 8kmay only be carried out by the service • staff of G. Lufft GmbH or by the customer’s authorized and trained personnel. • Every person assigned to install and commission the CHM 8kmust have read and understood the complete user manual.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 2.5 Description of the warnings Symbol Warning of a general hazard Warning of laser beam Warning of dangerous electrical voltage Warning of hot surface, do not touch Danger of material damage Instructions regarding environmental protection The symbols in conjunction with the signal words CAUTION, WARNING and DANGER can be found on all warnings where there is danger to life and limb.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 2.6 Product labeling CHM 8k In Figure 1 the product labels are shown: Warning sign on ceilometer: Warning of laser beam Figure 1 Labeling 2.7 Designated use The operational safety of the CHM 8k is only guaranteed if used as designated in accordance with the instructions in this operating manual.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 3 Technical Data Equipment Versions Cable Order number Description Power supply length 8349.01-010 CHM 8k EU Basic 230 V ±10% 10 m 8349.11-010 CHM 8k EU + DSL Modem 230 V ±10% 10 m 8349.11-003 CHM 8k EU + DSL Modem 230 V ±10% 8349.21-010...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Measurement parameters Measuring range 0 … 10 km (0 … 32808 ft) Cloud detection range 5 m … 8 km (16 … 26246 ft) Resolution 5, 10, 15 m 5 m – 30 m in 5 m steps (can be set by the user) NetCDF data: 15 m (default setting) indirect resolution...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Weight 70 kg (complete system) Weight 9.5 kg (measuring unit – heaviest replacement part) Installation requirements Suitable low-voltage TN-S system: grounded mains, grounded CHM 8k enclosure, distribution systems neutral and protective conductor separate TN-C system: grounded enclosure CHM 8k, neutral and protective conductor combined in one conductor Connection type Fixed connection, grounding by means of ground connection clamp...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 4 Technical Description The CHM 8k ceilometer is mainly used to measure cloud bases, cloud penetration depths, cloud cover statistics and the vertical visibility. The calculated data are transferred by remote transmission via standard digital interfaces.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 4.2 Functional units of the inner housing The functional units of the device are: Transmitting and receiving unit (measuring unit - LOM) • Control board and related components • Power supply 12 - 15 VDC for the electronics •...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 4.2.2 Function control and device status Measurement 1s Evaluation of temperatures, signal quality, voltages are laser diode testing checked, laser safety check detector testing transmission of status codes Measurement & system performance okay? Figure 3 Flow chart - standard measuring cycle The functional control of the CHM 8k (measurement and evaluation) is performed by an FPGA and an OMAP...
Spanner / wrench for 4x M10 screws: 18 mm or 7/16 BSF or 3/8 Worth. A 3/8- or 25/64-inch screw with appropriate anchors can be used instead of the M10 screw. For further technical details, please contact G. Lufft GmbH. Operating status of the CHM 8k on delivery...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 6 Installation ATTENTION Risk of damage to equipment. The operator of the CHM 8k is responsible for creating and dimensioning the foundation. The foundation must be dimensioned so that it can cope with the permanent stress caused by the weight of the equipment and external influences.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 6.1.2 Installing on the foundation DANGER Risk of injury. The CHM 8k weighs 70 kg. For this reason, at least two people are required to install the ceilometer. Install the CHM 8k ceilometer as follows: Unload the CHM 8k from the transport equipment and set it down as close as possible to the place of installation.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Figure 6 CHM 8k in polystyrene packaging 1 Polystyrene packaging 2 CHM 8k 3 Pallet Carefully lift the CHM 8k out of the polystyrene packaging by hand, observing all safety regulations. (Lifting positions: Figure 7). Figure 7 Lifting positions Onward transport options: To carry: Grasp the equipment in the openings marked with arrows (Figure 7).
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 ATTENTION Risk of damage to equipment. When transporting with a hand truck, make sure that the CHM 8k is placed on the hand truck with the exterior door facing downwards (see Figure 8). ...
Risk of damage to equipment. Incorrect installation may result in damage to the equipment. The electrical connection of the CHM 8k may only be carried out by a qualified electrician Lufft GmbH another qualified electrician. Failure to comply will result in the loss of warranty and warranty claims.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Figure 11 RS485 connection to transducer The designation RDA (-), RDB (+) is defined differently by manufacturers. Here, Lufft uses the notation of B & B electronics. Figure 12 DSL connection Figure 13 Schematic sketch of the electrical installation...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 7 Commissioning and Decommissioning 7.1 Starting up with the RS485 connection Requirements: The CHM 8k ceilometer must be installed correctly Control cable (RS485), grounding cable and mains cable (230V) must be connected A terminal program, e.g. HyperTerminal under Windows, is provided for monitoring communication, which is configured for communication as follows: - Baud rate: 9,600 - Data bits: 8...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Command Description Response (shortened) get<SPACE>16:L<CR><LF> Output of extended data see 8.3.4 telegram set<SPACE>16:RNO=14<CR><LF> Sets RS485 from 16 to 14 set 16:RNO=14 set<SPACE>16:Baud=4<CR><LF> Sets baud rate to 19,200 set 16:Baud=4 set<SPACE>16:dt(s)=15<CR><LF> Sets measuring time to 15 s set 16:dt(s)=15 get<SPACE>16:Lifetime(h)<CR><LF>...
LAN connection. The user IP address is set or queried by the user via RS485 using the parameter IPS instead of IPD, e.g.: get<SPACE><RS485Number>:IPS<CR><LF> For further support regarding communication please contact G. Lufft GmbH. Commissioning and Decommissioning...
In case of faults / errors, disconnect the CHM 8k from the power supply (via the mains switch) and switch it on again after a short interval. If the problem cannot be resolved, contact a local trained service technician. In urgent cases, please contact the Service department of G. Lufft GmbH directly. 7.4 Disposal NOTE The device must be disposed of in accordance with European Directives 2002/96 / EC and 2003/108 / EC (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment).
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8 Communication via RS485 & Ethernet The CHM 8k supports 2 RS485 interfaces (see 8.2) and Ethernet (see 8.7) for communication with the device. Both offer the possibility of data transfer of the measured values and the configuration of the device.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Parameter Short Default Range / short description value Comment 3 Additional comment field (31 characters) Comment 4 Additional comment field (31 characters) Comment 5 Additional comment field (31 characters) Comment 6 Additional comment field (31 characters) Comment 7 Additional comment field (31 characters) DeviceType...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Parameter Short Default Range / short description value PowerSaveMode 0; 1 (can not be set in the current firmware) RangeResolution Number of integrated 5 m range intervals for the NetCDF-range vector RangeStart First range value in a NetCDF file RangeEnd 10000 Last range value in a NetCDF file...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Parameter Short Default Description value APDBreakdown Device-dependent (e.g. 172000) ApdTempGradient Device-dependent (e.g. 1090) IPDhcp IP address DHCP LAserPower Device-dependent (e.g. 12) LifeTime(h) Xxxxxxx Number of hours that the laser is in operation Parameters Delivers a list of all parameters that are available in the RS485 mode serLOM...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 IgnoreChars: Variables that contain an 8-bit ASCII code are ignored by the device. The ASCII codes must be encrypted as 2-character HEX codes, e.g. “06” corresponds to <ack>. Only HEX codes are evaluated. Institution: Institution or company.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.2 Device configuration with RS485 The user can change settings via the RS485 interface: - for controlling the measuring processes; - for configuring the communication interfaces. 8.2.1 Reading out a parameter This takes place via the command get<SPACE><RS485Number>:<ParameterName><CR><LF>...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.2.3 Changing the baud rate The option to change the baud rate is a special feature. The change takes place as described in 8.2.2 Setting a parameter. Thus, baud rate no. 4 (which corresponds to 19,200 bits/s) is set with set<SPACE><RS485Number>:Baud=4<CR><LF>...
In addition to the characters {S, L, A}, numbers are also supported. With S = 1, L = 2, A = 3, the first three numbers are predefined. The telegram 4 is a system- dependent telegram from Lufft. The telegram numbers 5 to 9 can be defined by the user.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.3.2 Automatic output mode With the command set<SPACE><RS485Number>:TransferMode=1<CR><LF> the automatic mode is set with a standard telegram output. In addition, the frequency rate is determined by the variable dt(s), which is set to 30 seconds by default. Table 8 contains the format of the standard data telegram.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Byte Value Description <SPACE> 20 HEX 72-75 +*** Cloud height offset (altitude) <SPACE> 20 HEX 77, 78 Ft/m <SPACE> Unit (ft/m) <SPACE> 20 HEX 80, 81 Precipitation index <SPACE> 20 HEX System status: 32 Bit status code; see 8.5 Status 83-90 ******** code...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Byte Value Description <STX> 20 HEX 3, 4 3B HEX 3B HEX 8-10 Output interval [s] 3B HEX 12-19 ** ** ** Date (dd.mm.yy) 3B HEX 21-28 **:**:** Time (hh:mm:ss) 3B HEX Number of layers 3B HEX 32-36 *****...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Byte Value Description 3B HEX 119-123 ***** Standard deviation cloud layer 2 (CBE) 3B HEX 125-129 ***** Standard deviation cloud layer 3 (CBE) 3B HEX Standard deviation penetration depth of laser beam in cloud 131-134 **** layer 1 (CDE)
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Byte Value Description Quality index aerosol layer 2 3B HEX BCC; Base Cloud Cover 3B HEX TCC; Total Cloud Cover 3B HEX 235-236 Checksum (two's complement of the sum of bytes 0 to 239 expressed in hex code, excluding bytes 235 and 236) <CR>...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.3.5 Raw data telegram The raw data is output in NetCDF format (for a description see 8.4 Structure of the NetCDF format). NetCDF is a binary format. For transmission via RS485 / RS232, a transmission in a 7-bit ASCII code (range 21 to 60 HEX) with UUencode is required to read special characters such as <STX>...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 The lines with the raw data have the following structure according to UUencode standard: Line 1: begin 644 YYYYMMDDhhmmss_[Location]_[Device ID].nc<CR><LF> Line 2: M********************************************************<CR><LF> Line 3: M********************************************************<CR><LF> Line (n-2): M********************************************************<CR><LF> Line (n-1): E************************************************* ***<CR><LF> Line n: end<CR><LF>...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.4.2 Basic principles NetCDF provides a computer platform-independent interface for storing and reading scientific data. It was developed by Unidata, a project funded by the National Science Foundation (http://www.unidata.ucar.edu). Each record contains explanations of the stored content. The ceilometer stores all the data for one day in a file.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Global attributes Attribute Example title “CHM 8k” source “CHM178001” device_name “CHM178001” serlom “TUB178001” month year 2018 location “NN” institution “NN” wmo_id software_version "04.09.0 4.00 0.750 0" comment “ ” overlap_file "TUB178001_20170928 (2017-09-28 08:07:33)" Table 14 Global attributes Communication via RS485 &...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Variables Variable Type Dim. Attribute Com- ment Unit Long Scaling description time double time seconds since Time UTC 1904-01-01 00:00:00.000 00:00 range float range distance from T-axis lidar range_hr float range_hr high resolution Z-axis distance from lidar...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Variables Variable Type Dim. Attribute Com- ment Unit Long Scaling description p_window short time window pulse 0.01 p_cal short time calibration pulse 0.01 p_ref short time reference pulse 0.01 c_cal float calibration constant scaling float device-dependent...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Variables Variable Type Dim. Attribute Com- ment Unit Long Scaling description short time vertical optical range error short time maximum detection height short time cloud base height layer short time cloud base height layer variation short...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.5 Status code There are two different status code variants, each of which reflects the device status as a 32-bit number. Table 16 lists the meanings of the individual bits of the status codes, which are known from the CHM 15k. The output of these status code variants occurs in the web interface and in the NetCDF data.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Type Error (original) 8000000 Warning Unused 10000000 Note Note: Number of layers > 3 and telegram selected 20000000 Note Note: Device was started 40000000 Note Note: Standby mode on Table 16 Status codes / status bits The unused bits are set to 0 by default so that the hexadecimal service code 0 indicates the full operational readiness of the CHM 8k.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Group Hex code Error description Duration [s] xxxx xxxA No valid overlap file found ∞ xxxx xxxB EEPROM defective / not available or cable defective xxxx xxxC Mainboard identifier cannot be read ∞ xxxx xxxD Firmware does not match the CPU version ∞...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Group Hex code Error description Duration [s] xxxx 7xxx No new data Laser and LED test pulse xxx0 xxxx Laser and LED test pulse working normally xxx2 xxxx LED test pulse less than or equal to zero xxx3 xxxx Replace laser (ageing) xxx6 xxxx...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Group Hex code Error description Duration [s] 7xxx xxxx Main detector voltage is faulty 8xxx xxxx Laser voltage is faulty 9xxx xxxx Analog supply is faulty (+/- 5V) Axxx xxxx Main voltage is faulty (5.1 V) Bxxx xxxx Mainboard supply is faulty (12 V) Table 17...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.7 Communication via Ethernet web interface 8.7.1 Device overview and access rights (Device tab) Figure 15 Web interface Figure 15 shows the start screen ("Device" tab) after successful connection with the device (for startup see 7.2).
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.7.2 Access to measurement data (NetCDF files, viewer) Figure 16 shows the directory of NetCDF files that are visible to all users. In superuser or service mode, these NetCDF files can be downloaded by means of a double-click. Figure 16 Web interface: NetCDF Files (superuser) Figure 17 shows the contents of the “Viewer”...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.7.3 Configuring the CHM 8k (Config tab) The contents of the configuration pages ("Config System", "Config Network" and "Config RS485") are only accessible to superusers and service users. The parameters can also be set via RS485 communication and are described in 8.1.
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New firmware versions are published on the Lufft website. A list of previously released versions is attached to this manual (11.1 CHM 8k device hardware version).
Figure 22 Web interface: RS485 configuration (service mode) 8.7.4 Status and error messages (process warnings) The upper part of the Process Warnings tab of Figure 23 is mainly used by Lufft service to identify problems and special errors. The lower section shows advanced file distribution (AFD) information. In the activated AFD mode, the status of the transferred files is displayed.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Figure 23 Web interface: Process warnings and error log 8.7.5 Time server Automatic time synchronization with a time server (NTP server) is only performed if the NtpMode parameter is set to 1 and a valid time server (Ntp server) is set. ntpd.conf configuration files are listed on the time server.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 8.9 Telegram via Ethernet In addition to the RS485 interface, it is also possible to receive data telegrams via the Ethernet interface. There are two different transmission modes. The telegrams can be interrogated individually (polling mode) or sent automatically by the Ceilometer.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 9 Data Evaluation / Sky Condition Algorithm (SCA) The CHM 8k ceilometer is a laser remote sensing device with integrated algorithm for determining the distribution of particles, aerosols and clouds. This algorithm is collectively referred to as the Sky Condition Algorithm (SCA).
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 The following calculation rule is used to obtain the normalized backscatter intensity: ( ) − ( ) = ∙ ∙ ( ) ∙ ...
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 9.5 Cloud penetration depths Cloud penetration depth is ascertained by detecting a cloud bottom and then an upper cloud height using the signal intensity level that was determined for the cloud base. Subtracting these values gives the cloud penetration depth.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 � ( ) The range for calculating VOR is limited to an altitude of 3 km. The data output depends on the selected data telegram. In the standard telegrams 1 - 3, the vertical visibility is always transmitted, while in the user telegrams 8 and 9, which correspond to the CT25k data telegram, VOR or the lower cloud limit is transmitted.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Eighth Description - (telegram) System hardware error or system not yet ready for operation -2 (NetCDF) / (telegram) Cloud bases could not be determined due to fog or other non- -1 (NetCDF) meteorological reasons, or no observation was made -3 (NetCDF) Clear sky 1/8: 1/10 –...
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Figure 28 Degree of coverage algorithm Note: The selected time interval for calculating the cloud cover depends on the area in which a truncated cone function is used for the calculation. Data Evaluation / Sky Condition Algorithm (SCA)
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 9.12 Sky Condition Index (SCI) To better understand certain events, the Sky Condition Index is written to the extended data telegram and NetCDF files. In older CHM systems, the variable was treated as a precipitation index. Table 20 shows how the index is defined.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 10 Cleaning, Maintenance and Service Instructions DANGER Risk of eye damage. After switching on the power supply, the CHM 8k emits invisible laser radiation. Upon prolonged viewing, Class 1M laser radiation can cause eye damage, such as glare and eye irritation, and lead to complete blindness.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Figure 29 Windows to be cleaned The red "Error LED" is in the lower right corner of the receiving window. 1: Laser output on the left side, with green indicator light in the lower left corner 2: Receiver output on the right side, with red LED Figure 30 Fan The area below the fans must be kept free of snow and debris.
V 1.4 / 02.2019 NOTE The CHM 8k ceilometer requires regular maintenance. This must be performed by service personnel of G. Lufft GmbH or specially trained technicians only. For detailed maintenance instructions, please consult the service manual. 10.2 Maintenance intervals and measures DANGER Danger of electric shock.
Figure 31 Sealing rubber (1) and dehumidifier bag (2) If you have any questions or a procedure mentioned in this operating manual does not help to remedy an existing problem, we recommend contacting the service technician on site or G. Lufft GmbH. NOTE Further detailed information beyond the scope of this manual (maintenance, replacement, details of units) can be found in the service manual.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 11 Appendix 11.1 CHM 8k device hardware version Revision Implement- Amendments Comment ation date REV V1 01.03.2018 First series version Update internal wiring, REV V2 01.08.2018 Update PCBs 11.2 CHM 8k firmware version This manual corresponds to firmware version 1.014 of December 2018 for the CHM 8k ceilometer. The first firmware based on version 0.748 for the CHM 15k Nimbus.
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Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 Firmware Description Released version 1.000 Sept. 2018 1. Universal RS485 address 99 introduced 2. Escalated service codes in telegrams 1 and 5 3. Output of status information after device restart 4. Seven additional comment memories for customer use Output in telegram 4 (Note: variable length) 5.
Operating Manual CHM 8k V 1.4 / 02.2019 13 Index of Tables Table 1 Equipment versions ......................9 Table 2 Technical data ........................11 Table 3 Most important commands for functional testing (examples) ........23 Table 4 List of configurable parameters ..................28 Table 5 List of read-only parameters, accessible via the RS485 interface......29 Table 6 Correlation between baud rate no.
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