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Summary of Contents for Diatron ABACUS 4
- Page 1 Abacus Service Manual ABACUS 4 Hematology Analyzer Service Manual 1.0 release DIATRON MI PLC H-1038 Budapest Papírgyár utca 58-59. Tel.: (361) 4369800 www.diatron.com support@diatron.com...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
4.2..........................37 ARDWARE SETTINGS 4.2.1. Amplifier offset setting .........................37 CHECKING THE PROPER OPERATION .....................38 5.1. 4 ........................38 ELF TEST OF BACUS 5.1.1. Self test Screens ...........................38 Normal range of Self Test parameters Abacus 4 ......Hiba! A könyvjelző nem létezik. 5.1.2. - Page 3 BIOS-D ..........................47 ESCRIPTION 6.5..........................48 RROR MESSAGES 6.5.1. Error code list ..........................49 6.5.2. Abacus 4 message code list ......................52 6.6........................53 OSSIBLE AUSES OF OISE 6.6.1. Contaminated reagent ......................... 53 6.6.2. Bad earth grounding ........................53 6.6.3.
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Page 4: Introduction
The compact instruments were developed for small clinics, point-of-cares and vet offices. ABACUS 4 can process 20 samples per hour in 4 part mode, 28 tests per hour in 3 part mode and is intended to determine the following 20 hematology parameters from a 50µl (25µl in 3 part... -
Page 5: Functional Description
Abacus Service Manual FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 2.1. Main electronic parts of the analyzers ABACUS 4 contains the following electronic parts: Counting chamber with electrodes and measuring aperture HGB Measuring Head Cell Counter Amplifier Board (behind the chamber) CPU Board with Dimm-PC and measurement processing unit (COMB Board) -
Page 6: Counting Chamber With Electrodes And Measuring Aperture
Abacus Service Manual 2.1.1. Counting chamber with electrodes and measuring aperture Impedance method is used for determination of volume and number of cells. In this method a known volume of dilution is drawn through a small aperture. Constant current is passed through the aperture from one side to the other. -
Page 7: Cell Counter Amplifier Board
/ CNT diluent light sample light Due to enhanced HGB technology, ABACUS 4 is less sensitive to incident light changes. However, it is recommended to keep side door closed during measurements. 2.1.3. Cell counter Amplifier Board Amplifier board includes its own voltage regulator, connection interfaces to HGB head, to high voltage board and to COMB. -
Page 8: Control And Measurement Board (Comb) With Dimm-Pc Core
Abacus Service Manual PS/2 USB B Serial Port Master USB Buzzer Speaker connector CMOS battery See Note below CSHVBP High Voltage Board Connection Display and Keypad CSA1 Controller Amplifier connections Amplifier board Control and Measurement Board (COMB) with Dimm-PC core The compact COMB incorporates a single PC and its environmental functions, as well as the specific measurement processing functions in one board. -
Page 9: Dimm-Pc* Module
Abacus Service Manual 2.1.4. Dimm-PC* Module The MB4 board incorporates a credit-card sized PC, named Dimm-PC*. The processor on the Dimm-PC is a 133MHz Pentium-class core, with 32Mbytes on-board RAM, and 32Mbytes on- board SanDisk. This is the HDD (hard disk drive) of the analyzer, so instrument software with all user settings, calibration, database, etc. -
Page 10: Pneumatic And Power Board (Ppb)
Abacus Service Manual Keeping the hardware identity information (write-protected), IDEPROM allows running the correct software. 2.1.6. Pneumatic and Power Board (PPB) PPB card contains the main power regulator circuits, valve and motor driver circuits and other connections for the fluidic and pneumatic system’s parts. X_Y_SR DIL_MDIL 5V voltage... -
Page 11: Valve Boards
Abacus Service Manual LEDs for Sample rotor Connections for Horizontal & Vertical motors Opto switches & LEDs for Vertical motor Opto switches & LEDs for Horizontal motor The back side of the board holds the connectors for the Sample rotor and a ribbon cable connection to the COMB. -
Page 12: Pressure Sensor
Abacus Service Manual 2.1.9. Pressure Sensor This is an MPX5100AP, calibrated pressure sensor, which measuring required air pressure and vacuum. Pressure Sensor is connected directly to the PPB card. Connection to Puffer reservoir Connection to: The pressure sensor can operate from +5V only. It is a calibrated sensor with 0-1.1 Bar input range. -
Page 13: Graphic Lcd Display And Keyboard Controller With Integrated High Voltagemodule
Abacus Service Manual 2.1.11. Graphic Display Keyboard controller with integrated High Voltage Module Data connector to COMB board Grounding connector LCD module Keypad connector LCD display connector HVB to amplifier board connector HVB module Start key and status LED board Display assembly contains the 320×240 dots, 64 color LCD display and the LCD/high voltage board (HVB). -
Page 14: Keypad
Abacus Service Manual Start key is a micro-switch, connected to the COMB card (through the Display ribbon cable). The status LED indicates the actual status of the analyzer and it has three colors: red, green and amber (See User’s Manual). The LED has three pins and the actual color depends on the controlled pins. -
Page 15: External Power Supply
Abacus Service Manual 2.1.13. External Power Supply The analyzer works with an external power supply. The next figure shows the power supply unit generating 12VDC. 115V or 230V AC inlet 12V DC outlet The power supply module has an auto range input, allowing usage with 230V or 115V mains outlet and it has the CE and UL safety certification. -
Page 16: Main Mechanic And Fluidic Parts Of The Analyzer
Abacus Service Manual 2.2. Main mechanic and fluidic parts of the Analyzer ABACUS 4 Hematology Analyzer consists of the following mechanic and fluidic parts: 1. Sample rotor 2. Sampling needle 3. Washing head 4. H&V moving unit 5. Micro Dilutor 6. -
Page 17: Sample Rotor
Abacus Service Manual 2.2.1. Sample rotor The instrument has a sample rotor for safe and precise sample handling. Commonly used sample tubes are supported by replaceable tube adapters. The Sample rotor unit uses a stepper motor, connected to the PPB, through the XY opto board. The rotor has micro switches for positioning. -
Page 18: H&V Moving Unit
Abacus Service Manual 2.2.4. H&V moving unit This unit contains slides to move the sample sampling needle in Horizontal and Vertical directions, two stepper motors, XYR opto board, opto wheel, washing head and the sampling needle. It moves the needle to the desired position: from sampling position, to washing head, and to the measuring chamber. -
Page 19: Main Dilutor
Abacus Service Manual 2.2.5. Main Dilutor This unit includes two dilutor channels – one (pair) for diluent, and another one for lyse, and one for lyse EOS reagents. There are two stepper motors, a common motor opto board, four syringes with piston rods and gear transmission. Maintenance should be provided to the piston tips, by applying neutral silicon grease to the cogged end of the Dilutor and Lyse pistons, between the syringe and the tip itself. -
Page 20: Micro Dilutor
Abacus Service Manual 2.2.6. Micro Dilutor Micro dilutor is taking the precise sample into the sampling needle. It includes a stepper motor, a motor opto board and the micro syringe. Connection to Valve Connection to needle Connection to PPB Motor opto board Clutch Stepper motor 2.2.7. -
Page 21: Assembled Analyzer
Abacus Service Manual 2.3. Assembled Analyzer 2.3.1. ABACUS 4 Front Panel: 320×240 dots, 64 color LCD display Function keys Start button Foil keypad Sample rotor Rear panel: Power switch Back door to access USB A Port pump and main dilutor... - Page 22 Abacus Service Manual Construction – front : Pressure sensor Valve block Needle moving Electronic block mechanics Dilutor(rear side) Sample rotor Pump motor Construction – right side: Washing head Needle moving mechanics Chamber and Amplifier assembly aperture Reagent inlets Sample rotor Valve block...
- Page 23 Abacus Service Manual Construction – back (note orange reagent inlet for Lyse EOS, main dilutor and valve block with 6 valves): Valve block Reagent sensors Main Dilutor Peristaltic pump Reagent connectors...
- Page 24 Abacus Service Manual Construction – left side: Pneumatic and Power Board (PPB) Eprom Board (IDEPROM) Control and Measurement Board (COMB)
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Page 25: Operation Of The Fluidic System
Only opened (On) valves are mentioned in this section while all the other valves are closed (Off). ABACUS 4 employs a software waste full checking feature. Software integrates volume of the reagents used, and gives a message when this volume reaches the preset tank capacity. -
Page 26: Flow Diagram Of Measurement
Abacus Service Manual 3.1. Flow diagram of measurement Previous RBC Diluent of washing Diluent of standby dilution in chamber process in chamber state in chamber (6 ml) (3 ml) 3P only? Chamber draining Horizontal motor moves out, sample rotor turn in, needle moves down Chamber flush with LyseEOS... - Page 27 Abacus Service Manual Chamber draining Horizontal motor moves out, sample Needle washing rotor turn in, needle moves down Chamber flush Filling of electrode lines; generating Fill up with 1 ml measuring vacuum diluent for WBC dilution EOS measurement Sampling process Chamber washing (MIX) Needle washnig,...
- Page 28 Abacus Service Manual WBC measurement Lyse retract Small washing Cleaning (cleaner) High voltage cleaning pulses; backflush Washing (diluent) Blank HGB measurement WBC only? Fill up with 1 ml diluent for RBC dilution RBC dilution (1:32000) Filling of electrode lines; generating measuring vacuum RBC measurement Motor...
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Page 29: Initialization Of The Fluidic System
Abacus Service Manual 3.2. Initialization of the Fluidic System Fluidic initialization process performs the following steps: Checking of valves by turning all on/off Checking of pump and pressure sensor by generating measuring vacuum Positioning all mechanical components by scanning moving range (with end-switches) Priming of reagents and calibrating reagent sensors Cleaning of tubing &... - Page 30 Abacus Service Manual Needle washing process Both instruments clean the sampling needle with diluent in the washing head after sampling. It is important to clean the outer surface of the sampling needle to avoid inaccurate sampling. The Macro syringe doses and the pump drains the diluent from the washing head, while the sampling needle moves upwards so that the total length of it is washed and cleaned.
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Page 31: Lyseeo Diluting Process
Abacus Service Manual 3.4. LyseEO Diluting process The chamber is rinsed with a small amount of Lyse2 reagent before the dilution is made. The measuring chamber is filled up with 2 ml of diluents. After that the sample (25µl) waiting in the needle is dispensed into the chamber with diluent (it comes from the diluent syringes through V8 (On) and Micro-dilutor, while the M3 Dilutor motor moves upwards), meanwhile some Lyse2 reagent pulled into the chamber. -
Page 32: Diluting Process
Abacus Service Manual 3.5. Diluting Process The parts of the fluidics are rinsed with diluent reagent. The measuring chamber is filled up with 1 ml of diluent. The sampling process has aspirated 25 µl of sample, which is in the sampling needle. In the first diluting step the sample is dispensed into the measuring chamber with 3 ml of diluent, which comes from the Macro syringe through V8 (On) and Micro-dilutor, while the M3 Dilutor motor moves upwards. -
Page 33: Lysing Process
Abacus Service Manual 3.6. Lysing process In this step the set lysing reagent is added into the measuring chamber through V9 (On), while the Lyse syringe moves upwards. This process makes the WBC/HGB dilution with lyse reagent. For better mixing the macro syringe pushes some air bubbles (aspirated through the washing inlet of the chamber and V3) after the lysing process through V8 (Off), V7 (On), V4 (Off) V3 (On). -
Page 34: Counting Process
Abacus Service Manual 3.7. Counting process The regulated vacuum (it is generated by the pump in the puffer reservoir) aspirates the diluted sample (LyseEO, WBC or RBC) from the chamber through V2 (On) valve. The instrument counts the cells for 8 seconds in all counting phases (Lyse2, WBC and RBC). For noise prevention there is no mechanical or electronic activity during the counting process and the door should be closed for better shielding. -
Page 35: Chamber Draining Process
Abacus Service Manual 3.8. Chamber draining process Chamber draining is made under pressure control. Pump drains chamber while puffer reservoir and thus the pressure sensor is connected to the draining tube. The instrument can detect the empty state of the chamber from drop of vacuum. -
Page 36: Cleaning Process
Abacus Service Manual 3.9. Cleaning process The pump aspirates the cleaner through the V5 (On), V2 (On), V4 (On) and V10 (On) valves to puffer the cleaner reagent in the tubes between V7 and V4. After that the Macro syringe pushes the cleaner reagent remaining in the tube between V10 and V4 into the chamber. -
Page 37: Adjustment
Abacus Service Manual ADJUSTMENT Mechanical and hardware adjustments are described in this section. Software settings are included in Section 5.2. 4.1. Mechanical settings There are two important mechanical settings in the system: Opto wheel setting (Vertical motor) Sampling needle setting The manufacturer adjusts the analyzer during production. -
Page 38: Sampling Needle Setting
Abacus Service Manual 4.1.2. Sampling needle setting This adjustment sets the sampling needle to the operational position. In Service menu, in Miscellaneous submenu of HM5 select Needle setting. The software moves the needle back and up, and turns on horizontal and vertical motors to keep needle in place. -
Page 39: Checking The Proper Operation
Service Manual CHECKING THE PROPER OPERATION There is a built-in Self test and Service menu in each models. 5.1. Self test of ABACUS 4 5.1.1. Self test Screens Self test can be used to check the operation of the instrument. -
Page 40: Normal Range Of Self Test Parameters Abacus 4
Abacus Service Manual 5.1.2. Normal range of Self Test parameters Abacus 4 ? Parameter Unit Lower bound Upper bound HGB light count 3000 60000 Electrode voltage µA Current Offset -5.0 Amplifier test count 19995 20005 Peak of test pulses 1500... -
Page 41: Service Menu
Abacus Service Manual 5.2. Service Menu 5.2.1. Entering to Service Menu There is a Service menu for servicing and operation checking purposes. The entry point is in the User’s Service screen, where Service Information is displayed. Enter the code to access Service menu: 6484 5.2.2. -
Page 42: Service Calibration
Abacus Service Manual 5.2.5. Service Calibration The analyzer provides a menu for Service calibration purposes. In result calculations the service calibration factors are used as the user calibration factors, so they are multiplied for each parameter: RBC = Fact * Fact * RBC Disp. -
Page 43: Service Testing Menu
Abacus Service Manual Autoclean cycle: the number of measurements after Standby time: after how many minutes the instrument enters in standby. Reblank time: after how many minutes the instrument makes a blank measurement if it was in standby mode (default = 1 hour). If it is set to 0, then no ReBlank is performed. -
Page 44: Valve Test Menu
Abacus Service Manual 5.2.7. Valve Test Menu In the menu on the left you can see the valve numbers and a number under each that represents the actual state of the valve. P means peristaltic pump. Selected valve number is shown in a rectangle. 0 is Off state, 1 is On state. -
Page 45: Display And Keyboard Test
Abacus Service Manual 5.2.9 Display Test Display and keyboard test is provided to check keypad and LCD panel. Press a key to test and the LCD will show the code of the last pressed key, and will change the colors at each touch of a key for testing that every LCD dot is functioning. 5.2.2. - Page 46 Abacus Service Manual 5.2.5. Edit users It has the same function as on user level. On the login screen by pressing F1(the first function key from the left, below the display) than in the user list the Service user name will appear. The code is: 729456, entering it gives the right for the service engineer to administrate all the other users.
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Page 47: Service Operation
Abacus Service Manual SERVICE OPERATION 6.1. Opening the instrument On the right side and the rear side of both instruments there is a side door, which allows reaching of the fluidic system and the mechanical parts. Other parts of the analyzer (electronic parts, etc.) can be reached by opening the front and rear covers. -
Page 48: Bios-Description
Abacus Service Manual 6.4. BIOS-Description The DIMM-PC/520-I is equipped with a JumpTec Embedded BIOS, located in a Flash EPROM onboard. This device has an 8bit wide access. Faster access is provided by the shadow RAM feature (default). For a detailed description of the BIOS Setup, please refer to the section below. The Setup Guide With the PhoenixBIOS Setup program, it is possible to modify BIOS settings and control the special features of the computer. -
Page 49: Error Messages
Abacus Service Manual The Main Menu You can make the following selections on the Main Menu itself. Use the sub menus for other selections. 6.5. Error messages The analyzer checks the operations of several mechanic, fluidic and electronic parts during measurement. -
Page 50: Error Code List
Abacus Service Manual 6.5.1. Error code list %s: filename concerned, %d: error type concerned, %u: error specific string Code Error text Reason(s) Remedy 1000 Check the COMB card and Dimm-PC Out of memory in %s Fatal system or module for proper insertion. program error! Try to make a software upgrade. - Page 51 Abacus Service Manual Code Error text Reason(s) Remedy 1107 Check Cleaner container! Cleaner tank Replace cleaner reagent empty, container with a filled one. dil./cleaner sensor If this is still a problem with a filled is too sensitive (try cleaner container, run Reagent recalibrating sensor calibration and check the sensors), or there...
- Page 52 Abacus Service Manual Code Error text Reason(s) Remedy 1401 Printer error. Check paper! Printer is out of Feed the printer with paper. Check the paper and there are connections between the instrument and some other printer the printer and check the printer setup in errors! the Settings/Printer settings sub-menu.
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Page 53: Abacus4 Message Code List
Abacus Service Manual 6.5.2. Abacus4 message code list Code Message text 5001 Remove reagent tubing at rear reagent inputs (Diluent, Lyse, LyseEOS and Cleaner). Leave waste connected. 5002 Connect min. 100 ml distilled water to reagent inputs using cleaning tube kit. 5003 Remove cleaning tube kit. -
Page 54: Possible Causes Of Noise
Abacus Service Manual 6.6. Possible Causes of Noise Generally high count of any particle - even if you think it should be low, or near zero - can be caused by NOISE, i.e. something interferes with measurement. The most important thing in these cases to identify the source of NOISE, otherwise you cannot protect the system against it. -
Page 55: External Electrical Noise
Abacus Service Manual 6.6.3. External electrical noise If another instrument is near the analyzer can radiate electromagnetic signals in the 1 kHz - 100 kHz frequency region it can be picked up by the system (especially if they are very close to each other, or the grounding is not quite perfect). - Page 56 Abacus Service Manual B. Bad insulation of electronic signal paths: In these cases check for any capacitive coupling of electronic signals to the chamber: interference with HGB head (high-frequency signal is coupled to the chamber). HGB head metal parts must be grounded. The ground comes externally, it must be in place, otherwise HGB head does not shield, but couples in noise.
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Page 57: Maintenance
Abacus Service Manual MAINTENANCE 7.1. Weekly Maintenance by User User should carry out on the first workday, before starting up the analyzer. 7.1.1. Cleaning the washing head User should clean the lower surface of the sampling needle washing head using a soft cloth, immersed in warm tap water to remove salt build-up. -
Page 58: Checking Of The Power Supply
Abacus Service Manual 7.2.7. Checking of the Power Supply Open the instrument for regular cleaning inside. Check the cleanliness and operation of the cooling fan of the power supply. Clean or replace the fan if necessary. 7.2.8. Bleaching of Fluidic System It is recommended to run a bleaching procedure to remove stains from the fluidic system. -
Page 59: Appendices
Abacus Service Manual APPENDICES 8.1. Warning flags Uppercase letters refer to WBC or HGB problems: Flag Meaning Recommended user action No WBC 3-part Possible lyse problem. May occur in pathological differential lymphocytosis. HGB blank is high, or no Repeat blank measurement. If HGB blank is not HGB blank stable, there are probably bubbles in the WBC chamber: Run a cleaning and try blank again. - Page 60 Abacus Service Manual 9.2 Abacus4 tubing diagram PUFFER Lyse Pump Lyse -...
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Page 61: Abacus4 Tubing Schematics
Abacus Service Manual 9.3 Recommended kit of tools PC standard keyboard (PS/2) Screwdrivers: Cross Slot Screwdrivers (Philips) Slot Screwdrivers Hexagon Screwdrivers (3.5, 2.5, 2.0, 1.5 mm sizes) Pocket digital multimeter Diagonal Cutter (plier) Nipper... - Page 62 Abacus Service Manual Revision history: Section Date Csaba Magyar, Jenő Feldider May 20, 2008 Jenő Feldider Aug 8. 2008...
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