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Xirrus Wi-Fi Array XR4420 User Manual

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DRAFT
December 17, 2010
Release 5.0

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Summary of Contents for Xirrus Wi-Fi Array XR4420

  • Page 1 DRAFT December 17, 2010 Release 5.0...
  • Page 3 XR4420, XR4430, XR4820, XR4830 XN16, XN12, XN8, XN4 XS16, XS8, XS4 All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced or disclosed in whole or in part by any means without the written consent of Xirrus, Inc. Part Number: 800-0xxx-001 (Revision A)
  • Page 4 Trademarks is a registered trademark of Xirrus, Inc. All other trademarks and brand names are marks of their respective holders. Please see Legal Notices, Warnings, Compliance Statements, and Warranty and License Agreements in “Appendix F: Notices” on page 467. Xirrus, Inc.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Your User’s Guide as a PDF Document ............7 Hyperlinks ......................7 Window or Page? ....................7 Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? ..............8 Wi-Fi Array Product Overview ................9 Enterprise Class Security ................. 9 Wi-Fi Array Product Family ................. 10 XR4000 Family of Arrays ................
  • Page 6 Wi-Fi Array Xirrus Advanced RF Performance Manager (RPM) ........21 Xirrus Advanced RF Security Manager (RSM) .......... 22 Xirrus Advanced RF Analysis Manager (RAM) ......... 22 Product Specifications — XR4400 and XR4800 Series ........23 Product Specifications — XN16, XN12, and XN8 ..........31 Product Specifications —...
  • Page 7 Wi-Fi Array Security Planning .................... 83 Wireless Encryption ................83 Authentication ..................83 Meeting PCI DSS Standards ..............84 Meeting FIPS Standards ................. 84 Port Requirements ..................86 Network Management Planning ..............89 WDS Planning ....................90 Common Deployment Options ..............93 Installation Workflow ...................
  • Page 8 Wi-Fi Array Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array..........123 Array Status Windows ..................123 Array Summary .................... 124 Content of the Array Summary Window .......... 124 Array Information ..................127 Array Configuration ..................128 Admin History ....................129 Network Status Windows ................... 129 Network ......................
  • Page 9 Wi-Fi Array Per-Station Statistics ..................167 System Log Window ................... 168 Configuring the Wi-Fi Array ............171 Express Setup ......................173 Network ......................... 179 Network Interfaces ..................180 Network Interface Ports ................ 181 DNS Settings ....................187 CDP Settings ....................189 Services ........................
  • Page 10 Wi-Fi Array Understanding SSIDs ................244 Understanding QoS Priority on the Wi-Fi Array ......245 SSID Management ..................248 SSID List (top of page) ................249 SSID Limits ..................... 253 Web Page Redirect Configuration Settings ........254 WPA Configuration Settings .............. 258 RADIUS Configuration Settings ............
  • Page 11 Wi-Fi Array Filter Lists ...................... 311 Filter Management ..................313 Clusters ........................316 Cluster Definition ..................317 Cluster Management ................... 318 Cluster Operation ..................319 Using Tools on the Wi-Fi Array............. 323 System Tools ......................324 About Licensing and Upgrades ............325 System .....................
  • Page 12 Wi-Fi Array contact-info ....................360 date-time ......................361 dhcp-server ....................362 dns ........................363 file ........................364 filter ......................... 367 group ......................369 hostname ......................369 interface ......................370 load ......................... 371 location ......................371 management ....................372 more ........................ 373 netflow ......................
  • Page 13 Wi-Fi Array Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs ..............398 Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP ............399 Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID ............400 Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Tests) ......401 Appendices..................403 Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array ............. 405 Removing the Access Panel ................
  • Page 14 How Monitoring Works ................440 Radio Assurance ................... 441 Radio Assurance Options ..............442 RADIUS Vendor Specific Attributes (VSAs) for Xirrus ......... 443 Upgrading the Array via CLI ................446 Sample Output for the Upgrade Procedure: ..........447 Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix ........451 Contact Information ....................

  • Page 15: List Of Figures

    Wi-Fi Array List of Figures Figure 1. Xirrus Arrays....................2 Figure 2. The Xirrus Management System .............. 3 Figure 3. Wi-Fi Array (XN16) ..................9 Figure 4. Wireless Coverage Patterns ..............13 Figure 5. XP8 - Power over Ethernet Usage ............14 Figure 6.
  • Page 16 Wi-Fi Array Figure 35. Installation Workflow ................94 Figure 36. Array Placement ..................96 Figure 37. LED Locations (XN16) ................100 Figure 38. Network Interface Ports................. 103 Figure 39. Express Setup ..................106 Figure 40. LEDs are Switched On ................111 Figure 41.
  • Page 17 Figure 101. DHCP Management ................202 Figure 102. VLANs...................... 205 Figure 103. VLAN Management ................207 Figure 104. Security..................... 209 Figure 105. Import Xirrus Certificate Authority............. 214 Figure 106. Admin Management ................215 Figure 107. Admin Privileges ..................217 Figure 108. Admin RADIUS ..................220...
  • Page 18 Wi-Fi Array Figure 109. Management Control ................222 Figure 110. Pre-login Banner ..................223 Figure 111. Access Control List ................. 229 Figure 112. Global Settings (Security) ..............231 Figure 113. External RADIUS Server ............... 234 Figure 114. Internal RADIUS Server ................ 238 Figure 115.
  • Page 19 Wi-Fi Array Figure 146. Viewing Statistics in Cluster Mode............320 Figure 147. Status Display in Cluster Mode............321 Figure 148. System Tools.................... 324 Figure 149. Saving the Diagnostic Log..............331 Figure 150. Managing WPR Splash/Login page files..........332 Figure 151. System Command (Ping)............... 333 Figure 152.
  • Page 20 Wi-Fi Array Figure 183. Removing the Chassis Cover ..............416 Figure 184. Lifting the Integrated Access Point Module ........417 Figure 185. Disconnect the Integrated Access Point Module ....... 417 Figure 186. Installing a New Access Panel (with Power Supply) ......419 Figure 187.

  • Page 21: Introduction

    Wi-Fi Array Introduction These topics introduce the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array, including an overview of its key features and benefits, and a detailed listing of the product’s physical, environmental, technology and regulatory specifications.  “The Xirrus Family of Products” on page ...

  • Page 22: The Xirrus Family Of Products

    16 IAPs, the XS8 has 8 IAPs, and the XS4 has 4 IAPs.  The XN Series of Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays (XN16 / XN12 / XN8 / XN4) The XN series of Wi-Fi Arrays add the speed and reach of IEEE 802.11n technology to the XS series of Arrays.

  • Page 23: Figure 2. The Xirrus Management System

     The XR 4000 Series of Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays The newest Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays have been completely redesigned to optimize the speed and reach of IEEE 802.11n technology. The XR4000 Series of Arrays have increased the capacity and performance needed to replace switched Ethernet to the desktop.

  • Page 24: Nomenclature

    Arrays, facilitating backup power when connected via a UPS. Nomenclature Throughout this User’s Guide, the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array is also referred to as simply the Array. In some instances, the terms product and unit are also used. When discussing specific products from the Xirrus family, the product name is used (for example, XN16 or XS8).

  • Page 25: About This User's Guide

    Wi-Fi Array About this User’s Guide This User’s Guide provides detailed information and procedures that will enable wireless network administrators to install, configure and manage the Wi-Fi Array so that end users can take full advantage of the product’s features and functionality without technical assistance.
  • Page 26 Contains the legal notices, licensing, and compliance statements for the Array. Please read this section carefully.  Glossary of Terms Provides an explanation of terms directly related to Xirrus product technology, organized alphabetically.  Index The index is a valuable information search tool. Use the index to locate specific topics discussed in this User’s Guide.

  • Page 27: Notes And Cautions

    Wi-Fi Array Notes and Cautions The following symbols are used throughout this User’s Guide:  This symbol is used for general notes that provide useful supplemental information. This symbol is used for cautions. Cautions provide critical information that may adversely affect the performance of the product. Screen Images Some screen images of the Web Management Interface have been modified for clarity.

  • Page 28: Why Choose The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array

    Wi-Fi Array Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? The deployment of wireless LANs is becoming increasingly common as businesses strive for greater flexibility in the workplace and the need for employee mobility rises. The only requirements for an effective wireless deployment are a power source, a couple of screws, and a little imagination.

  • Page 29: Wi-Fi Array Product Overview

    Wi-Fi Array Wi-Fi Array Product Overview Part of the family of Xirrus products, the Wi-Fi Array is a high capacity, multi- mode device designed for the Enterprise market, with twice the range and up to eight times the capacity of competitive wireless products.

  • Page 30: Wi-Fi Array Product Family

    Wi-Fi Array Xirrus Advanced Feature Sets, rogue AP detection, site monitoring, and RF spectrum analysis are performed in the background by the Array automatically. Wi-Fi Array Product Family The following tables provide an overview of the main features supported by the Wi-Fi Array product family.

  • Page 31: Xn Family Of Arrays

    Wi-Fi Array XN Family of Arrays Feature XN16 XN12 Number of  802.11a/b/g/n radios Number of  802.11a/n radios Total radios Number of integrated antennas Integrated Wi-Fi switch ports Integrated RF spectrum analyzer, threat sensors Uplink Ports Wi-Fi bandwidth 4.8 Gbps 3.6 Gbps 2.4 Gbps 1.2 Gbps...

  • Page 32: Xs Family Of Arrays

    Wi-Fi Array XS Family of Arrays Feature XS16 Number of 802.11a/b/g radios Number of  802.11a radios Total radios Integrated Wi-Fi switch ports Integrated RF spectrum analyzer and threat sensors Uplink Ports Wi-Fi bandwidth 864 Mb 432 Mb 216 Mb Users supported 1,024 Introduction...

  • Page 33: Deployment Flexibility

    Wi-Fi Array Deployment Flexibility Xirrus’ unique multi-radio architecture generates 360 degrees of sectored high- gain 802.11a/b/g/n or 802.11a/b/g coverage that provides extended range and the highest possible data rates for a large volume of clients. Each sector can be controlled automatically or manually, creating a pattern of wireless coverage perfectly tailored to individual customer needs.

  • Page 34: Power Over Gigabit Ethernet (Poge)

    Wi-Fi Array Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) The Xirrus XP1, XP2, and XP8 Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules provide power to your Arrays over the same Cat 5e or Cat 6 cable used for data, eliminating the need to run power cables and provide an AC power outlet in proximity to each unit.

  • Page 35: Figure 6. Wmi: Array Status

    In addition, a fully featured Command Line Interface (CLI) offers IT professionals a familiar management and control environment. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is also supported to allow management from an SNMP compliant management tool, such as the optional Xirrus Management System. Introduction...
  • Page 36 Wi-Fi Array  For deployments of more than five Arrays, we recommend that you use the Xirrus Management System (XMS). The XMS offers a rich set of features for fine control over large deployments. Introduction...

  • Page 37: Key Features And Benefits

    Wi-Fi Array Key Features and Benefits This section describes some of the key product features and the benefits you can expect when deploying the Wi-Fi Array (the XN16 product is highlighted in this section). High Capacity and High Performance an12 an11 abgn4 abgn1...

  • Page 38: Extended Coverage

    Wi-Fi Array In the recommended configuration, IAP (radio) abg(n)2 is configured in RF monitoring and rogue AP detection mode. abg4 abg1 abg3 abg2 abg2 (RF monitoring) Mode(s) IAP number Figure 8. Naming of IAPs (XS16) Extended Coverage One XN16 solution enables you to replace up to sixteen access points (includes one omnidirectional IAP for monitoring the network).

  • Page 39: Flexible Coverage Schemes

    Wi-Fi Array Flexible Coverage Schemes Your Wi-Fi Array offers flexible coverage schemes for each wireless technology. Figure 9. Coverage Schemes (XS16 shown)  802.11a/n, 802.11a Delivers 60° wireless coverage per IAP, with 6 dBi of gain.  802.11b/g/n, 802.11b/g Delivers 180° wireless coverage, with 3 dBi of gain. ...

  • Page 40: Sdma Optimization

    — ideal for the Enterprise market. It also allows you to import floor plans to help you plan your deployment. The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array chassis has a plenum rated, lockable and tamper resistant case.

  • Page 41: Xirrus Advanced Rf Performance Manager (Rpm)

    The Xirrus RPM optimizes the bandwidth usage and station performance of 802.11n Wi-Fi networks. Leveraging the multiple integrated access point (multi- radio) design of the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array, RPM manages the allocation of wireless bandwidth to wireless stations across multiple RF channels. The result maximizes overall network performance with superior flexibility and capacity.

  • Page 42: Xirrus Advanced Rf Security Manager (Rsm)

    Wi-Fi Array Xirrus Advanced RF Security Manager (RSM) The Xirrus RSM improves security and minimizes the risk in deploying 802.11n wireless networks. Leveraging an integrated 24/7 threat sensor and hardware- based encryption/decryption in each Array, RSM secures the Wi-Fi network from multiple types of threats.

  • Page 43: Product Specifications - Xr4400 And Xr4800 Series

    Wi-Fi Array installation, as well as give IT administrators the ability to troubleshoot issues that may occur within the wireless environment. The 802.11n standard will continue to evolve over the next several years with additional performance and optional functions, along with ongoing stream of IEEE 802.11 amendments.
  • Page 44 Wi-Fi Array ??xxx Please review VERRRRRY carefully!! Element XR4000 Series Specifications Number of Users Maximum of 96 associated users per radio XR48xx: 768 users per Array XR44xx: 384 users per Array Physical Diameter: 12.58 inches (31.95 cm) Height: 2.58 inches (6.55 cm) Weight: 4lbs (1.81 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature:...
  • Page 45 Networking DHCP client, DHCP server (multiple DHCP pools), DNS Client, NTP client, NAT Management Xirrus Management System (XMS) — Layer 3 Element Management System HTTPS Web Management Interface (WMI) CLI via SSHv2, Telnet, local serial Console Enable/disable management for any interface...
  • Page 46 Wi-Fi Array Element XR4000 Series Specifications Quality of Service Multiple SSIDs: (QoS) Support 16 unique SSIDs per Array Each SSID beacons a unique BSSID per radio VLAN and QoS settings for each SSID VLANs: Up to 16 VLANs, 802.1Q, 802.1p Prioritization: 802.11e wireless prioritization 802.1p wired prioritization...
  • Page 47 Wi-Fi Array Element XR4000 Series Specifications Security Wireless Encryption Line speed, hardware-accelerated encryption modes: WPA TKIP WPA2 AES WEP 40/64 WEP 104/128 Wireless Authentication: Open Pre-shared Key 802.1X EAP PEAP EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS EAP-LEAP Pass-through Web Page Redirect (Captive Portal) MAC Address Access Control List (ACL) CHAP, PAP Firewall: Integrated stateful-inspection, rules-based...
  • Page 48 Wi-Fi Array Element XR4000 Series Specifications Security Time of Day Access: (continued) Specify when access is allowed, per SSID or User Group Station-Station Blocking: Station-to-Station traffic blocking option Wireless Wireless Standards: 802.11a 802.11b 802.11d 802.11g 802.11e 802.11h 802.11i 802.11j 802.11n Number of Radios: ??OK?? XR48xx:...
  • Page 49 Wi-Fi Array Element XR4000 Series Specifications Wireless Frequency Bands: (continued) 11a/n: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band) 11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1) 11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC) 11a/n: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2) 11a/n: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI) 11a/n: 5.725-5.825 GHz (UNII 3) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC)
  • Page 50 Wi-Fi Array Element XR4000 Series Specifications Compliance Electromagnetic: ICES-003 (Canada) EN 301.893 (Europe) EN 301.489-1 and -17 (Europe) Safety: EN 60950 EN 50371 to 50385 CE Mark Additional information in “Appendix F: Notices” on page 467. Certifications Wi-Fi Alliance 802.11a/b/g/n, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types.

  • Page 51: Product Specifications - Xn16, Xn12, And Xn8

    Wi-Fi Array Product Specifications — XN16, XN12, and XN8 Element XN16/XN12/XN8 Specifications Number of Users Maximum of 96 associated users per radio XN16: 1536 users per Array XN12: 1152 users per Array XN8: 768 users per Array Physical Diameter: 18.65 inches (47.37 cm) Height: 3.87 inches (9.83 cm) Weight: 10 lbs (3.63 kg) Environmental...
  • Page 52 Wi-Fi Array Element XN16/XN12/XN8 Specifications Electrical XN8, XN12, XN16 powered by PoGE only PoGE (DC) Input Power: Power over Gigabit Ethernet — no splitter required, 48VDC, Maximum 2A Nominal Power: XN16: 90W XN12: 75W XN8: 60W All Models: For PoGE, see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix”...
  • Page 53 Wi-Fi Array Element XN16/XN12/XN8 Specifications Management Xirrus Management System (XMS) — Layer 3 Element Management System HTTPS Web Management Interface (WMI) CLI via SSHv2, Telnet, local serial Console Enable/disable management for any interface Read-write and read-only admin accounts may be authenticated via RADIUS SNMP v2c, v3 Configuration Files —...
  • Page 54 Wi-Fi Array Element XN16/XN12/XN8 Specifications Security Wireless Encryption Line speed, hardware-accelerated encryption modes: WPA TKIP WPA2 AES WEP 40/64 WEP 104/128 Wireless Authentication: Open Pre-shared Key 802.1X EAP PEAP EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS EAP-LEAP Pass-through Web Page Redirect (Captive Portal) MAC Address Access Control List (ACL) CHAP, PAP Firewall: Integrated stateful-inspection, rules-based...
  • Page 55 Wi-Fi Array Element XN16/XN12/XN8 Specifications Security Time of Day Access: (continued) Specify when access is allowed, per SSID or User Group Station-Station Blocking: Station-to-Station traffic blocking option Wireless Wireless Standards: 802.11a 802.11b 802.11d 802.11g 802.11e 802.11h 802.11i 802.11j 802.11n Number of Radios: XN16: 12 x 802.11a/n radios 4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radios...
  • Page 56 Wi-Fi Array Element XN16/XN12/XN8 Specifications Wireless Frequency Bands: (continued) 11a/n: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band) 11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1) 11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC) 11a/n: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2) 11a/n: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI) 11a/n: 5.725-5.825 GHz (UNII 3) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC) Channel Selection:...
  • Page 57 Wi-Fi Array Element XN16/XN12/XN8 Specifications Compliance Electromagnetic: ICES-003 (Canada) EN 301.893 (Europe) EN 301.489-1 and -17 (Europe) Safety: EN 60950 EN 50371 to 50385 CE Mark Additional information in “Appendix F: Notices” on page 467. Certifications Wi-Fi Alliance 802.11a/b/g/n, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types.

  • Page 58: Product Specifications - Xn4

    Wi-Fi Array Product Specifications — XN4 Element XN4 Specifications Number of Users Maximum of 96 associated users per radio, 384 users per XN4 Physical Diameter: 12.58 inches (31.95 cm) Height: 2.58 inches (6.55 cm) Weight: 4lbs (1.81 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature: 0°C to 55°C 0% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing) Storage Temperature:...
  • Page 59 Networking DHCP client, DHCP server (multiple DHCP pools), DNS Client, NTP client, NAT Management Xirrus Management System (XMS) — Layer 3 Element Management System HTTPS Web Management Interface (WMI) CLI via SSHv2, Telnet, local serial Console Enable/disable management for any interface...
  • Page 60 Wi-Fi Array Element XN4 Specifications Quality of Service Multiple SSIDs: (QoS) Support 16 unique SSIDs per Array Each SSID beacons a unique BSSID per radio VLAN and QoS settings for each SSID VLANs: Up to 16 VLANs, 802.1Q, 802.1p Prioritization: 802.11e wireless prioritization 802.1p wired prioritization Fair queuing of downstream traffic...
  • Page 61 Wi-Fi Array Element XN4 Specifications Security Wireless Encryption Line speed, hardware-accelerated encryption modes: WPA TKIP WPA2 AES WEP 40/64 WEP 104/128 Wireless Authentication: Open Pre-shared Key 802.1X EAP PEAP EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS EAP-LEAP Pass-through Web Page Redirect (Captive Portal) MAC Address Access Control List (ACL) CHAP, PAP Firewall: Integrated stateful-inspection, rules-based...
  • Page 62 Wi-Fi Array Element XN4 Specifications Security Time of Day Access: (continued) Specify when access is allowed, per SSID or User Group Station-Station Blocking: Station-to-Station traffic blocking option Wireless Wireless Standards: 802.11a 802.11b 802.11d 802.11g 802.11e 802.11h 802.11i 802.11j 802.11n Number of Radios: 4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radios Advanced RF design includes 20 integrated antennas...
  • Page 63 Wi-Fi Array Element XN4 Specifications Wireless Frequency Bands: (continued) 11a/n: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band) 11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1) 11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC) 11a/n: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2) 11a/n: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI) 11a/n: 5.725-5.825 GHz (UNII 3) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI) 11b/g/n: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC) Channel Selection:...
  • Page 64 Wi-Fi Array Element XN4 Specifications Compliance Electromagnetic: ICES-003 (Canada) EN 301.893 (Europe) EN 301.489-1 and -17 (Europe) Safety: EN 60950 EN 50371 to 50385 CE Mark Additional information in “Appendix F: Notices” on page 467. Certifications Wi-Fi Alliance 802.11a/b/g/n, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types.

  • Page 65: Product Specifications - Xs16 And Xs8

    Wi-Fi Array Product Specifications — XS16 and XS8 Element XS16/XS8 Specifications Number of Users Maximum of 64 associated users per radio 1024 users per Array (XS16) 512 users per Array (XS8) Physical Diameter: 18.65 inches (47.37 cm) Height: 3.87 inches (9.83 cm) Weight: 8lbs (3.63 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature:...
  • Page 66 Wi-Fi Array Element XS16/XS8 Specifications Electrical XS16/XS8: Each Array supports both AC and PoGE AC Input Power: 90-265VAC at 47-63Hz PoGE Input Power: Power over Gigabit Ethernet — no splitter required, 48VDC Nominal Power: XS16: 70W XS8: 45W For PoGE, see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix”...
  • Page 67 User and System Authentication: WPA and WPA2 Pre-Shared Key authentication Internal RADIUS Server, supports EAP-PEAP only 802.1x EAP-TLS 802.1x EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2 802.1x PEAPv0/EAP-MSCHAPv2 802.1x PEAPv1/EAP-GTC 802.1x EAP-SIM 802.1x EAP-LEAP Passthrough External RADIUS servers Authentication of Wi-Fi Arrays to the Xirrus Management System (XMS) Introduction...
  • Page 68 Wi-Fi Array Element XS16/XS8 Specifications Wireless Number of Radios: XS16: 12 x 802.11a radios 4 x 802.11a/b/g radios Only 12 radios should be used as 802.11a radios concurrently. XS8: 4 x 802.11a radios 4 x 802.11a/b/g radios Wireless Standards: 802.11a/b/g and g-only mode 802.11e, 802.11i Channel Selection: Manual and Automatic...
  • Page 69 Management Web-based HTTPS SNMP v2c, v3 CLI via SSHv2 or Telnet TFTP Serial Xirrus Management System (XMS) Syslog reporting for alerts/alarms UL / cUL 60950 and EN 60950 Compliance FCC Part 15.107 and 15109, Class A EN 301.489 (Europe) EN60601 EU medical equipment directive for EMC Additional information in “Appendix F: Notices”...
  • Page 70 Wi-Fi Array Element XS16/XS8 Specifications Certifications Wi-Fi Alliance 802.11a/b/g, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types. Our certifications may be viewed here. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140 -2, Level 2. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) verified by VeriSign Additional information in “Appendix F: Notices”...

  • Page 71: Product Specifications - Xs4

    Each Array supports both AC and PoGE AC Input Power: 90-265VAC at 47-63Hz Nominal power usage: 27W Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE): all 4-port models work with all Xirrus PoGE modules, splitter required, 48VDC “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 451.
  • Page 72 System status, Ethernet, Radio Management Web-based HTTPS SNMP v2c, v3 CLI via SSHv2 or Telnet TFTP Serial Xirrus Management System (XMS) Syslog reporting for alerts/alarms Networking DHCP client, DHCP server, NTP client, NAT VLAN Support 802.1Q, 802.1p VLAN Supports up to 16 VLANs...
  • Page 73 User and System Authentication: WPA Pre-Shared Key authentication Internal RADIUS Server, supports EAP-PEAP only 802.1x EAP-TLS 802.1x EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2 802.1x PEAPv0/EAP-MSCHAPv2 802.1x PEAPv1/EAP-GTC 802.1x EAP-SIM 802.1x EAP-LEAP Passthrough External RADIUS servers Authentication of Wi-Fi Arrays to the Xirrus Management System (XMS) Introduction...
  • Page 74 Wi-Fi Array Element XS4 Specifications Wireless Number of Radios: 4 x 802.11a/b/g radios Wireless Standards: 802.11a/b/g and g-only mode 802.11e, 802.11i Channel Selection: Manual and Automatic Frequency Bands: 11a: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band) 11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1) 11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC) 11a: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2) 11a: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI)
  • Page 75 Wi-Fi Array Element XS4 Specifications Certifications 802.11a/b/g, WPA, WPA2, and Wi-Fi Alliance: extended EAP types. Our certifications may viewed here Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140 -2, Level 2. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) verified by VeriSign Additional information in “Appendix F: Notices”...
  • Page 76 Wi-Fi Array Introduction...

  • Page 77: Installing The Wi-Fi Array

     Power Source Most Arrays are powered via Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet. PoGE supplies power over the same Cat 5e or Cat 6 cable used for data, thus reducing cabling and installation effort. PoGE power injector modules are available in 1-, 2-, and 8-port configurations and are typically placed near your Gigabit Ethernet switch.
  • Page 78 To connect directly to the console port on the Array, your computer must be equipped with a male 9-pin serial port and terminal emulation software (for example, HyperTerminal). The Xirrus Array only supports serial cable lengths up to 25’ per the RS-232 specification.

  • Page 79: Optional Network Components

    Flow control None Optional Network Components The following network components are optional.  Xirrus Management System (XMS) The optional XMS offers powerful management features for small or large Wi-Fi Array deployments.  External RADIUS server Although your Array comes with an embedded...

  • Page 80: Planning Your Installation

    Wi-Fi Array Planning Your Installation This section provides guidelines and examples to help you plan your Xirrus Wi-Fi Array deployment to achieve the best overall coverage and performance. We recommend you conduct a site survey to determine the best location and settings for each Array you install.

  • Page 81: Figure 10. Wall Thickness Considerations

    Wi-Fi Array wireless range from between 3 and 90 feet (1 to 30 meters). Position your devices so that the number of walls or ceilings is minimized. Be aware of the direct line between each device. For example, a wall that is 1.5 feet thick (half a meter) at 90°...

  • Page 82: Coverage And Capacity Planning

    RF patterns and cell sizes, area calculations, roaming considerations, and channel allocations.  Note that several advanced features in this section are part of the Xirrus Advanced RF Performance Manager (RPM). They require the license installed on the Array to include support for RPM. Please see “About Licensing and Upgrades”...

  • Page 83: Rf Patterns

    Wi-Fi Array If using multiple Arrays in the same area, maintain a distance of at least 100ft/30m between Arrays if there is direct line-of-sight between units, or at least 50ft/15m if a wall or other barrier exists between units. RF Patterns The Wi-Fi Array allows you to control —...

  • Page 84: Figure 13. Adjusting Rf Patterns

    Wi-Fi Array service into public areas. The same principle applies if you want to restrict service to an adjacent room within the site. outside wall Figure 13. Adjusting RF Patterns Custom Coverage Where there are highly reflective objects in proximity to the Array, you can turn off specific radios to avoid interference and feedback.

  • Page 85: Capacity And Cell Sizes

    Wi-Fi Array Capacity and Cell Sizes Cell sizes should be estimated based on the number of users, the applications being used (for example, data/video/voice), and the number of Arrays available at the location. The capacity of a cell is defined as the minimum data rate desired for each sector multiplied by the total number of sectors being used.

  • Page 86: Fine Tuning Cell Sizes

    “RF Power & Sensitivity” on page 298. For a complete discussion of the Auto Cell size feature, see the Xirrus Auto Cell Application Note in the Xirrus Library. If you are installing many units in proximity to each other, we recommend that you use Auto Cell Size;...

  • Page 87: Roaming Considerations

    Wi-Fi Arrays or other Access Points. To enable the Sharp Cell feature, go to “RF Power & Sensitivity” on page 298. For more information about this feature, see the Xirrus Sharp Cell Application Note in the Xirrus Library. Roaming Considerations Cells should overlap approximately 10 - 15% to accommodate client roaming.
  • Page 88 May be configured to run periodically. To set up the automatic channel selection feature, go to “Advanced RF Settings” on page 294. For more information about this feature, see the Xirrus Auto Channel Application Note in the Xirrus Library. Installing the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 89: Figure 18. Allocating Channels Manually

    Wi-Fi Array Manual Channel Selection You can manually assign channels on a per radio basis, though manual selection is not recommended (and not necessary).  To avoid co-channel interference, do not select adjacent channels for radios that are physically next to each other. Maintain channel separation Figure 18.

  • Page 90: Deployment Examples

    Wi-Fi Array Deployment Examples The following examples employ 802.11a cells, each offering minimum throughputs of 54 Mbps, 36 Mbps, and 18 Mbps per sector respectively, and assume a floor plan covering a total area of about 60,000 square feet (5574 sq m). Figure 19.

  • Page 91: Figure 21. Deployment Scenario (18 Mbps) - Per Sector

    Wi-Fi Array Figure 21. Deployment Scenario (18 Mbps) — Per Sector See Also Coverage and Capacity Planning Failover Planning Planning Your Installation Installing the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 92: Ieee 802.11N Deployment Considerations

    Array must include support for 802.11n. Please see “About Licensing and Upgrades” on page 325. The Xirrus XR and XN Arrays support IEEE 802.11n on all IAPs, in both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Use of 802.11n offers significant benefits: ...

  • Page 93: Mimo (Multiple-In Multiple-Out)

    Wi-Fi Array Two very important techniques to consider are Channel Bonding Multiple Data Streams — Spatial Multiplexing because they contribute a large portion of 802.11n’s speed improvements and because they are optional and configurable, as opposed to the parts of 802.11n that are fixed. While the settings for 802.11n IAPs come pre-configured on the Array for robust performance in typical usage, you should review the settings for your deployment, especially channel bonding.

  • Page 94: Figure 23. Mimo Signal Processing

    Wi-Fi Array MIMO Processed Signal Antenna 1 Signal Antenna 2 Signal Receiver Antenna 3 Signal Frequency Across Subcarriers Figure 23. MIMO Signal Processing MIMO signal processing uses multiple antennas to send and receive data. It takes advantage of multipath reflections to improve signal coherence and greatly increase receiver sensitivity (Figure 23).

  • Page 95: Multiple Data Streams - Spatial Multiplexing

    Wi-Fi Array Multiple Data Streams — Spatial Multiplexing Spatial Multiplexing transmits completely separate data streams on different antennas (in the same channel) that are recombined to produce new 802.11n data rates. Higher data rates are achieved by splitting the original data stream into separate data streams.

  • Page 96: Channel Bonding

    Wi-Fi Array Channel Bonding Channel bonding increases data rates by combining two adjacent 20 MHz channels into one 40 MHz channel. This increases the data rate to slightly more than double. A bonded 40 MHz channel is specified in terms of the Primary channel and the adjacent channel to Bond.

  • Page 97: Improved Mac Throughput

    Wi-Fi Array Improved MAC Throughput These changes make 802.11n transmission of MAC frames 40% more efficient than legacy transmission:  MAC data frames are combined and given a single PHY header.  Implicit Block ACK acknowledges all data frames within a combined frame.

  • Page 98: Obtaining Higher Data Rates

    Wi-Fi Array inappropriate environment, the signal quality will suffer and throughput will decrease. See “Global Settings .11n” on page 291 to configure the guard interval. Obtaining Higher Data Rates The data rate increase obtained by using 802.11n on an Array is incremental, based on the technologies that are applied and the options that you select: ...

  • Page 99: 802.11A Capacity

    Wi-Fi Array 802.11n Capacity 802.11n offers major increases in capacity over previous 802.11 standards, as shown in Figure 28. Note that this chart shows figures for 802.11n (with one spatial stream and channel bonding). 802.11a/n Capacity 802.11a/n Capacity 23 channels * 150Mbps = 3.4Gbps 23 channels * 150Mbps = 3.4Gbps 802.11a Capacity...

  • Page 100: Failover Planning

    Wi-Fi Array Failover Planning This section discusses failover protection at the unit and port levels. Port Failover Protection To ensure that service is continued in the event of a port failure, you can utilize the Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 ports simultaneously. Multiple port connections Ethernet switch Figure 29.

  • Page 101: Switch Failover Protection

    Wi-Fi Array  Load Balancing  Broadcast  Link Backup  Bridged  Mirrored For more details on Gigabit port modes and their configuration, please see “Network Interface Ports” on page 181. Switch Failover Protection To ensure that service is continued in the event of a switch failure, you can connect Arrays to more than one Ethernet switch (not a hub).

  • Page 102: Power Planning

    Wi-Fi Array Power Planning All XR and XN Series Array models and XS16/8/4 Arrays support Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) with an integrated splitter. AC power is also supported on some versions of the XS8 and XS16.? True?? This section discusses the AC and PoGE power options. AC Power The AC power option requires a direct connection between the Array and a dedicated AC power outlet.

  • Page 103: Security Planning

    432.  Note that several advanced features in this section are part of the Xirrus Advanced RF Security Manager (RSM). They require the license installed on the Array to include support for RSM. Please see “About Licensing and Upgrades”...

  • Page 104: Meeting Pci Dss Standards

    PCI DSS standards. For details, please see Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS. Note that the license installed on the Array must include Xirrus Advanced RF Security Manager (RSM) to support PCI audit compliance enforcement. Please see “About Licensing and Upgrades” on page 325.
  • Page 105 Wi-Fi Array See Also Failover Planning Network Management Planning Power Planning Installing the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 106: Port Requirements

    Wi-Fi Array Port Requirements A number of ports are used by various Array features and by the Xirrus Management System (XMS). The Port Requirements table on page 87 lists ports and the features that require them (XMS port requirements are included in the table for your convenience).
  • Page 107 Wi-Fi Array The following table lists port requirements for the Array and for XMS, how they are used, and whether they may be changed Port Application Peer Configurable Array 20 tcp Client 21 udp 22 tcp Client 23 tcp Telnet Client 25 tcp SMTP...
  • Page 108 Wi-Fi Array Port Application Peer Configurable 25 tcp SMTP Mail Server 161 udp SNMP Arrays Via XMS 162 udp SNMP Traphost 1 Arrays config file 443 tcp HTTPS Arrays Resident Syslog Via XMS 514 udp Internal* server config file 1099 tcp RMI Registry Internal* 2000 tcp...

  • Page 109: Network Management Planning

     Centralized Web-based management, using the optional Xirrus Management System (XMS), which can be run on a dedicated Xirrus appliance (XM-3300) or your own server. The XMS is used for managing large Wi-Fi Array deployments from a centralized Web-based interface and offers the following features: ...

  • Page 110: Wds Planning

    Wi-Fi Array WDS Planning WDS (Wireless Distribution System) creates wireless backhauls between arrays, allowing your wireless network to be expanded using multiple Arrays without the need for a wired backbone to link them (see Figure 32). WDS features include:  One to three IAPs may be used to form a single WDS link, yielding up to 900 Mbps bandwidth per link (up to 162 Mbps for XS model Arrays).

  • Page 111: Figure 33. A Multiple Hop Wds Connection

    Wi-Fi Array Figure 33. A Multiple Hop WDS Connection  Multiple WDS links can provide link redundancy (failover capability - see Figure 34). A network protocol (Spanning Tree Protocol — STP) prevents Arrays from forming network loops. Figure 34. WDS Failover Protection Installing the Wi-Fi Array...
  • Page 112 Wi-Fi Array WDS links have a Host/Client relationship similar to the usual IAP/station pattern for Arrays:  A WDS Client Link associates/authenticates to a host (target) Array in the same way that a station associates to an IAP. The client side of the link must be configured with the root MAC address of the target (host) Array.

  • Page 113: Common Deployment Options

    Wi-Fi Array Common Deployment Options The following table lists some typical and recommended deployment options for a number of the features that have been discussed in this chapter. Number of Wi-Fi Arrays Function One or Two Three or More Power AC (some Array models) AC (some Array models) Power over Gigabit...

  • Page 114: Installation Workflow

    Wi-Fi Array Installation Workflow This workflow illustrates the steps that are required to install and configure your Wi-Fi Array successfully. Review this flowchart before attempting to install the unit on a customer’s network. Determine the number of Arrays needed Choose the location(s) for your Wi-Fi Arrays Run Ethernet cables for PoGE (<100m total distance from switch) Install the mounting plate...
  • Page 115 Wi-Fi Array Common Deployment Options Failover Planning Installation Prerequisites Planning Your Installation Power Planning Wi-Fi Array Product Overview Product Specifications — XN16, XN12, and XN8 Product Specifications — XS16 and XS8 Product Specifications — XS4 Security Planning Installing the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 116: Installing Your Wi-Fi Array

    Wi-Fi Array Installing Your Wi-Fi Array This section provides instructions for completing a physical installation of your Xirrus Wi-Fi Array. Choosing a Location Based on coverage, capacity and deployment examples previously discussed, choose a location for the Array that will provide the best results for your needs.

  • Page 117: Wiring Considerations

    Wi-Fi Array Wiring Considerations If you are using the Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules (PoGE) to distribute power, see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE)” on page 14. If you prefer to use AC power and you have an Array that supports AC, an AC power outlet must be available to the Array.
  • Page 118 Wi-Fi Array Important Notes About Network Connections Read the following notes before making any network connections.  When the unit’s IP address is unknown or a network connection has not been established, the serial cable is used for connecting directly with the Command Line Interface (CLI) via HyperTerminal.

  • Page 119: Mounting The Array

    Wi-Fi Array Mounting the Array A number of options are available for mounting Arrays:  Ceiling mount  Wall mount  Secure mount in a locking indoor enclosure  Outdoor enclosure  I-Beam mount in a protective enclosure (gymnasium mount) ...

  • Page 120: Powering Up The Wi-Fi Array

    Wi-Fi Array Powering Up the Wi-Fi Array When powering up, the Array follows a specific sequence of LED patterns showing the boot progress, and following a successful boot will provide extensive status information. Ethernet Activity LEDs Status LED IAP LEDs (x16) Figure 37.

  • Page 121: Array Led Operating Sequences

    Wi-Fi Array Array LED Operating Sequences Use the following tables to review the operating sequences of the Array’s LEDs.  “LED Boot Sequence” on page 101  “LED Operation when Array is Running” on page 102 LED Boot Sequence The normal boot LED sequence is as follows: Array Activity Status LED IAP LEDs...

  • Page 122: Led Operation When Array Is Running

    Wi-Fi Array LED Operation when Array is Running The normal LED operation when the Array is running is shown in the table below. Note that behavior may be modified using “LED Settings” on page 303 via the CLI LED Status Reason IAP LED is OFF IAP is down...

  • Page 123: Establishing Communication With The Array

    Examine the DHCP tables on the server and find the addresses assigned to the Array (Xirrus MAC addresses begin with 000F7D). Query the Array using the CLI via the serial port. Use the show ethernet command to view the IP addresses assigned to each port.

  • Page 124: Logging In

    Procedure. The procedure below describes entering the license key using the WMI. If you are using the Xirrus Management System (XMS), you may use it to easily manage and upgrade large numbers of licenses for the wireless network. This procedure assumes that you have pointed a browser to the Array’s IP address to start WMI, and that you have logged in with the default username and password above.
  • Page 125 Check the items listed in the License Features row.  If you are installing a large number of licenses and do not have XMS, a Xirrus Licensing Tool may be acquired from Xirrus Support to help push licenses to large number of Arrays. Installing the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 126: Performing The Express Setup Procedure

    Wi-Fi Array Performing the Express Setup Procedure The Express Setup procedure establishes global configuration settings that enable basic Array functionality. Changes made in this window will affect all radios. Figure 39. Express Setup Installing the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 127: Procedure For Performing An Express Setup

    Configure SNMPv2: Select whether to Enable SNMPv2 on the Array, and change the SNMP Community Strings if desired. If you are using the Xirrus Management System (XMS), these strings must match the values used by XMS. The default values for the Array match the defaults in XMS.
  • Page 128 SSID (Wireless Network Name): The SSID (Service Set Identifier) is a unique name that identifies a wireless network. All devices attempting to connect to a specific WLAN must use the same SSID. The default for this field is “xirrus.” For additional information about SSIDs, go to the Multiple SSIDs section of “Frequently Asked Questions”...
  • Page 129 Wi-Fi Array • WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) — A Wi-Fi Alliance standard that contains a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard, using TKIP or AES as an encryption method and 802.1x for authentication. • WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) — WPA2 is the follow-on security method to WPA for wireless networks and provides stronger data protection and network access control.
  • Page 130 Wi-Fi Array Time and Date Settings: This section specifies an optional time (NTP - Network Time Protocol) server or modifies the system time if you’re not using a server. Time Zone: Select your time zone from the choices available in the pull-down list.

  • Page 131: Figure 40. Leds Are Switched On

    Wi-Fi Array IAP Settings: Enable/Configure All IAPs: Click on the Execute button to enable and auto configure all IAPs (a message displays the countdown time — in seconds — to complete the auto-configuration task). When an IAP is enabled, its LED is switched on. (Figure 40, see also “Array LED...
  • Page 132 Wi-Fi Array Installing the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 133: The Web Management Interface

    Wi-Fi Array The Web Management Interface This topic provides an overview of the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array’s embedded Web Management Interface (WMI), used for establishing your network’s configuration settings and wireless operating parameters. It also includes login instructions. The following topics are discussed: ...

  • Page 134: An Overview

    Wi-Fi Array An Overview The WMI is an easy-to-use graphical interface to your Wi-Fi Array. It allows you to configure the product to suit your individual requirements and ensure that the unit functions efficiently and effectively. Figure 41. Web Management Interface The Web Management Interface...

  • Page 135: Structure Of The Wmi

    Wi-Fi Array Structure of the WMI The content of the WMI is organized by function and hierarchy, shown in the following table. Click on any item below to jump to the referenced destination. Status Windows Statistics Windows Array Status Windows IAP Statistics Summary Per-IAP Statistics Array Summary...
  • Page 136 Wi-Fi Array Configuration Windows Configuration Windows (cont’d) Express Setup IAPs Network IAP Settings Global Settings (IAP) Network Interfaces Global Settings .11a DNS Settings Global Settings .11bg CDP Settings Global Settings .11n Services Advanced RF Settings Time Settings (NTP) LED Settings NetFlow Wi-Fi Tag WDS Client Links...

  • Page 137: User Interface

    Wi-Fi Array User Interface The WMI has been designed with simplicity in mind, making navigation quick and easy. In the following example, you’ll see that windows are divided into left and right frames. Left frame Right frame Array info Pull-down menu Help Log Message counters Click to configure/view statistics...
  • Page 138  Some settings are only available if the Array’s license includes appropriate Xirrus Advanced Feature Sets. If a setting is unavailable (grayed out), then your license does not support the feature. See “About Licensing and Upgrades” on page 325.

  • Page 139: Utility Buttons

    Figure 43. WMI: Utility Buttons  Click on the Feedback button to generate a Web page that allows you to submit your comments to Xirrus, Inc. You can also access the feedback page at http://www.xirrus.com/public/feedback/. Refer to Figure 44 on page 120 to see a sample of the feedback form.

  • Page 140: Figure 44. Feedback Form

    Wi-Fi Array Figure 44. Feedback Form The Web Management Interface...

  • Page 141: Logging In

    Wi-Fi Array Logging In Use this procedure to log in to the WMI via your Web browser. Establish a network connection and open your Web browser. Connect to the Wi-Fi Array via its default IP address (10.0.2.1 for both Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 Ethernet ports) or via a DHCP assigned IP address.
  • Page 142 Wi-Fi Array The Web Management Interface...

  • Page 143: Viewing Status On The Wi-Fi Array

    Wi-Fi Array Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array These windows provide status information and statistics for your Array using the product’s embedded Web Management Interface (WMI). You cannot make configuration changes to your Array from these windows. The following topics have been organized into functional areas that reflect the flow and content of the...

  • Page 144: Array Summary

    Wi-Fi Array Array Summary This is a status only window that provides a snapshot of the global configuration settings for all Wi-Fi Array network interfaces and IAPs. You must go to the appropriate configuration window to make changes to any of the settings displayed here —...

  • Page 145: Figure 47. Disabled Iap (Partial View)

    Wi-Fi Array • Link: Shows whether the link on this interface is up or down. • DHCP: Shows whether DHCP on this port is enabled or disabled. • IP Address: Shows the current IP address assigned to each network interface device. •...

  • Page 146: Figure 48. Iap Cells

    Wi-Fi Array be using adjacent channels. To make channel selections for a specific IAP, go to “IAP Settings” on page 271. • Antenna: Shows which antenna is being used by each IAP. • Cell Size: Indicates which cell size setting is currently active for each IAP —...

  • Page 147: Array Information

    Wi-Fi Array Array Information This is a status only window that shows you the current firmware versions utilized by the Array, serial numbers assigned to each module, MAC addresses, licensing information, recent boot timestamps, and current internal temperatures. Note that the License Features row lists the features that are supported by your Array’s license.

  • Page 148: Array Configuration

    Wi-Fi Array You cannot make configuration changes in this window, but if you are experiencing issues with network services, you may want to print the content of this window for your records. Array Configuration This is a status only window that allows you to display the configuration settings assigned to the Array, based on the following filter options: ...

  • Page 149: Admin History

    Wi-Fi Array To also include the default configuration settings in the output, choose your configuration then click in the Include Defaults check box. If Include Defaults is disabled, then only the changes from the default configuration are shown. Admin History It is useful to know who else is currently logged in to an array while you're configuring it.

  • Page 150: Network

    Wi-Fi Array  ARP Table — displays information about Address Resolution Protocol on this Array.  — displays information about IP addresses (leases) that the DHCP Leases Array has allocated to client stations.  Connection Tracking/NAT — lists connections that have been established for client stations.

  • Page 151: Network Map

    Wi-Fi Array Network Map This window offers detailed information about this Array and all neighboring Arrays, including how the Arrays have been set up within your network. Figure 53. Network Map The Network Map has a number of options at the top of the page that allow you to customize your output by selecting from a variety of information that may be displayed.
  • Page 152 In Range: Informs you whether the Array is within wireless range of another Wi-Fi Array.  Fast Roam: Informs you whether or not the Xirrus fast roaming feature is enabled. This feature utilizes the Xirrus Roaming Protocol (XRP) ensuring fast and seamless roaming capabilities between IAPs or Arrays at both Layer 2 and Layer 3.

  • Page 153: Spanning Tree Status

    Wi-Fi Array  Licensed Features: Lists the optional features enabled by the key, if any. Software (enabled by default)  Enable/disable display of the Array OS column. Firmware  Boot Loader: The software version number of the boot loader on each Array.

  • Page 154: Figure 54. Spanning Tree Status

    Wi-Fi Array spanning tree algorithm reconfigures the network topology and reestablishes the link by activating the standby path. The spanning tree function is transparent to client stations. Figure 54. Spanning Tree Status This window shows the spanning tree status (forwarding or blocked) for path segments that terminate on the gigabit ports and WDS links of this Array.

  • Page 155: Routing Table

    Wi-Fi Array Routing Table This status-only window lists the entries in the Array’s routing table. The table provides the Array with instructions for sending each packet to its next hop on its route across the network. Figure 55. Routing Table See Also VLANs Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID...

  • Page 156: Dhcp Leases

    Wi-Fi Array DHCP Leases This status-only window lists the IP addresses (leases) that the Array has allocated to client stations. For each, it shows the IP address assigned from one of the defined DHCP pools, and the MAC address and host name of the client station.

  • Page 157: Cdp Neighbors

    Wi-Fi Array You may sort the rows based on any column that has an active column header, indicated when the mouse pointer changes to the hand icon . Click Refresh to update the information at any time. Click Auto Refresh to instruct the Array to refresh this window automatically.

  • Page 158: Network Assurance

    Wi-Fi Array Network Assurance This status-only window shows the results of ongoing network assurance testing. Figure 60. Network Assurance The Array checks connectivity to network servers that you have configured (for example, DNS and NTP servers) on an ongoing basis. For each server, this list shows the server’s host name (if any), IP address, and status.

  • Page 159: Rf Monitor Windows

    Some status information is only available if the Array’s license includes Advanced Feature Sets. For example, the Spectrum Analyzer requires the Xirrus Advanced RF Analysis Manager (RAM). If a feature is unavailable, then your license does not support the feature and you will get an error message if you try to set the feature.

  • Page 160: Iaps

    Wi-Fi Array IAPs The RF Monitor — IAPs window displays traffic statistics and RF readings observed by each Array IAP (radio). Note that the data is an instantaneous snapshot for the IAP — it is not an average or a cumulative total. Figure 61.

  • Page 161: Spectrum Analyzer

    Wi-Fi Array Spectrum Analyzer  The RF measurements for this feature are obtained by IAP abg(n)2, which must be set to monitor mode for any data to be available. See “IAP Settings” on page 271. Spectrum analysis on Wi-Fi Arrays is a distributed capability that automatically covers the entire Wi-Fi network, since a sensor is present in every unit.

  • Page 162: Figure 62. Rf Spectrum Analyzer

    Wi-Fi Array Click Channel number to highlight Select Display Options Figure 62. RF Spectrum Analyzer The Spectrum Analyzer offers several display options: Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array...
  • Page 163 Wi-Fi Array  To display horizontal bar graphs, click the Rotate checkbox at the bottom of the data window.  In the rotated view, if you wish to view data as a numerical table, click the Text checkbox. Click again to return to a graphical display. The text option is only available in the rotated view.
  • Page 164 Wi-Fi Array  Noise Floor: Average noise floor reading seen on the channel (ambient noise). A dash value “-“means no noise data was available for the interval.  Error Rate: Percentage of the total number of Wi-Fi packets seen on the channel that have CRC errors.

  • Page 165: Intrusion Detection

    Wi-Fi Array Intrusion Detection This window displays all detected access points, according to the category you select from the drop-down list at the top — either Unknown, Known or Approved. This includes ad hoc access points (station-to-station connections). You can sort the results based on the following parameters by clicking the desired column header: ...
  • Page 166 Wi-Fi Array You can refresh the list at any time by clicking on the Refresh button, or click in the Auto Refresh check box to instruct the Array to refresh the list automatically. See Also Network Map Rogue Control List SSIDs SSID Management Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array...

  • Page 167: Station Status Windows

     Some status information is only available if the Array’s license includes the Xirrus Advanced RF Analysis Manager (RAM). If a feature is unavailable, then your license does not support the feature and you will get an error message if you try to set the feature. See “About Licensing and Upgrades”...

  • Page 168: Stations

    Wi-Fi Array Stations This status-only window shows client stations currently visible to the Array. You may choose to view only stations that have associated to the Array, or only stations that are not associated, or both, by selecting the appropriate checkboxes above the list.

  • Page 169: Location Map

    Wi-Fi Array Location Map The Location Map shows the approximate locations of stations relative to this Array. The location of each station is computed based on the RSSI of its signal as received by the Array. The distance is adjusted based on the environment setting that you selected.

  • Page 170: Figure 66. Controls For Location Map

    Wi-Fi Array You may replace the range-finder background image above with your own custom image of the floorplan of the area served by the Array — see “Working with the Custom Image” on page 153 Hover the mouse over a station to show detailed information. (Figure 65) For a station that is associated to this Array, the details include:...

  • Page 171: Figure 67. Minimizing Stations

    Wi-Fi Array  Display 2.4 GHz/5 GHz: Select whether to display 802.11bg(n) stations, or 802.11a(n) stations, or both.  Minimize All: All stations are shown by default with their NetBIOS name or IP or MAC address. If the map is too cluttered, you can reduce the display for each station to a small rectangle.
  • Page 172 Wi-Fi Array information on using the custom, image, see “Working with the Custom Image” on page 153.  Upload: After browsing to the desired custom image, click the Upload button to install it. The map is redisplayed with your new background. No hash marks (for the map scale) are added to the image display.

  • Page 173: Rssi

    Wi-Fi Array Working with the Custom Image After you have uploaded a custom image (see Custom Image and Upload in “Controls and items displayed on the Location Map window” on page 150), you should move the display of the Array on your map to correspond with its actual location at your site.

  • Page 174: Figure 69. Station Rssi Values - Colorized Graphical View

    Wi-Fi Array on your selection. (Figure 69) The stations are listed to the left of the Array — click on a station to show its RSSI values on the Array. Figure 69. Station RSSI Values — Colorized Graphical View In either graphical or tabular view, you may sort the rows based on any column that has an active column header, indicated when the mouse pointer changes to the hand icon .

  • Page 175: Signal-To-Noise Ratio (Snr)

    Wi-Fi Array Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) For each station that is associated to the Array, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) window shows the station’s SNR value as measured by each IAP. In other words, the window shows the SNR of the station’s signal at each IAP radio. The signal- to-noise ratio can be very useful for determining the cause of poor performance at a station.

  • Page 176: Figure 71. Station Snr Values - Colorized Graphical View

    Wi-Fi Array Figure 71. Station SNR Values — Colorized Graphical View In either graphical or tabular view, you may sort the rows based on any column that has an active column header, indicated when the mouse pointer changes to the hand icon .

  • Page 177: Noise Floor

    Wi-Fi Array Noise Floor For each station that is associated to the Array, the Noise Floor window shows the ambient noise affecting a station’s signal as measured by each IAP. The noise floor is the RSSI value when the station is not transmitting, sometimes called a Silence value.

  • Page 178: Figure 73. Station Noise Floor Values - Colorized Graphical View

    Wi-Fi Array Figure 73. Station Noise Floor Values — Colorized Graphical View In either graphical or tabular view, you may sort the rows based on any column that has an active column header, indicated when the mouse pointer changes to the hand icon .

  • Page 179: Max By Iap

    Wi-Fi Array Max by IAP This status-only window shows the maximum number of client stations that have historically been associated to the Array. For each IAP, the list shows the IAP’s state and channel number, the current number of stations associated, and the highest number of stations that have been associated over various periods of time: hour, day, week, month, and year.

  • Page 180: Statistics Windows

    Wi-Fi Array Statistics Windows The following Array Statistics windows are available:  IAP Statistics Summary — provides an overview of the statistical data associated with all IAPs. Expands to show links for displaying detailed statistics for individual IAPs.  Per-IAP Statistics —...

  • Page 181: Per-Iap Statistics

    Wi-Fi Array Figure 75. IAP Statistics Summary Page See Also System Log Window Global Settings (IAP) Global Settings .11a Global Settings .11bg IAPs Per-IAP Statistics This is a status only window that provides detailed statistics for the selected IAP. If you click the link for IAP All in the left frame, each detailed statistic field will show the sum of that statistic for all IAPs.

  • Page 182: Figure 76. Individual Iap Statistics Page (For Iap Abg(N)1)

    Wi-Fi Array Figure 76. Individual IAP Statistics Page (for IAP abg(n)1) You can Refresh the data (update the window with the latest information) or Clear the data (reset all content to zero and begin counting again) at any time by clicking on the appropriate button.

  • Page 183: Network Statistics

    Wi-Fi Array Network Statistics This is a status only window that allows you to review statistical data associated with each network (Ethernet) interface and its activity. You can Refresh the data (update the window with the latest information) or Clear the data (reset all content to zero and begin counting again) at any time by clicking on the appropriate button.

  • Page 184: Vlan Statistics

    Wi-Fi Array VLAN Statistics This is a status only window that allows you to review statistical data associated with your assigned VLANs. You can refresh the information that is displayed on this page at any time by clicking on the Refresh button, or select the Auto Refresh option for this window to refresh automatically.

  • Page 185: Wds Statistics

    Wi-Fi Array WDS Statistics The main WDS Statistics window provides statistical data for all WDS client and host links. To access data about a specific WDS client or host link, simply click on the desired link in the left frame to access the appropriate window. You may also choose to view a sum of the statistics for all client links, all host links, or all links (both client and host links).

  • Page 186: Filter Statistics

    Wi-Fi Array Filter Statistics The Filter Statistics window provides statistical data for all configured filters. The name, state (enabled — on or off), and type (allow or deny) of each filter is shown. For enabled filters, this window shows the number of packets and bytes that met the filter criteria.

  • Page 187: Figure 82. Individual Station Statistics Page

    Wi-Fi Array You can Refresh the data (update the window with the latest information) at any time by clicking on the appropriate button. You can also click in the Auto Refresh check box to instruct the Array to refresh this window automatically. See Also Per-Station Statistics Per-Station Statistics...

  • Page 188: Figure 83. System Log

    Wi-Fi Array System Log Window This is a status only window that allows you to review the system log, where system alerts and messages are displayed. Although there are no configuration options available in this window, you do have the usual choice of deciding how the event messages are sorted by clicking in the column header for the desired field (Time Stamp, Priority, or Message).
  • Page 189 Wi-Fi Array Use the Highlight Priority field if you wish to highlight messages at the selected priority level. Click on the Refresh button to refresh the message list, or click on the Clear button at the upper left to delete all messages. You can also click in the Auto Refresh check box to instruct the Array to refresh this window automatically.
  • Page 190 Wi-Fi Array Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array...

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