Page 1 Registrar: BSI, Certification No. FM 34226 ❖ Registered 04 June 1996 ❖ Amended 01 March 2000 Giga-tronics Incorporated ❖ 4650 Norris Canyon Road ❖ San Ramon, California 94583 925.328.4650 or 800.726.4442 ❖ 925.328.4700 (Fax) ❖ 800.444.2878 (Customer Service) ❖ 925.328.4702 (CS Fax)
Page 2 8650A instruments warranted against defective materials workmanship for two years from date of shipment. Giga-tronics will at its option repair or replace products that are proven defective during the warranty period. This warranty DOES NOT cover damage resulting from improper use, workmanship other than Giga-tronics service.
Page 3 Standard(s) to which Conformity is Declared: EN50081-1 (1992) EMC - Emissions EN50082-1 (1997) EMC - Immunity EN61010-1 (1993) Electrical Safety Giga-tronics Incorporated Manufacturer’s Name 4650 Norris Canyon Road Manufacturer’s Address San Ramon, California 94583 U.S.A. Universal Power Meters Type of Equipment...
Page 5: Table Of Contents
Contents About This Manual ...................... ix Conventions ........................ xi Record of Manual Changes ..................xiii Special Configurations ....................xv Introduction Description....................1-1 1.1.1 Features ..................1-1 1.1.2 Power Requirements ..............1-2 1.1.3 Environmental Requirements ............1-2 1.1.4 Items Furnished ................1-2 1.1.5 Items Required ................1-2 1.1.6 Tools and Test Equipment ............1-2 1.1.7...
Page 6 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 2.3.13 Crest Factor ................2-33 2.3.14 Burst Signal Measurements ............2-35 2.3.15 Burst Start Exclude, Burst End Exclude ........2-36 2.3.16 Burst Dropout ................2-37 2.3.17 Optimizing Measurement Speed ..........2-38 2.3.18 Peak Power Measurements ............2-39 2.3.19 Measuring an Attenuator (Single Channel Method) ....2-39 2.3.20 Improving Accuracy ..............2-40 2.3.21...
Page 7 Preface Analog Output.....................3-68 Averaging....................3-69 3.5.1 Auto Averaging ................3-69 3.5.2 Manual Averaging ..............3-70 Cal Factors ....................3-71 Calibration....................3-72 3.7.1 Calibration Routine ..............3-72 3.7.2 Calibrator Source ................3-73 3.7.3 Calibrator Test ................3-73 3.7.4 Channel Designation ..............3-74 Crest Factor....................3-75 3.8.1 Enabling the Crest Factor Feature ..........3-75 3.8.2 Reading the Crest Factor Value ...........3-75 Display Control....................3-76...
Page 8 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.19 Advanced Features..................3-101 3.19.1 Burst Start Exclude ..............3-101 3.19.2 Burst End Exclude ..............3-101 3.19.3 Burst Dropout Tolerance ............3-102 3.19.4 Min/Max Power Value ..............3-102 3.19.5 Offset Commands ..............3-103 3.19.6 Measured Offset Entry ..............3-105 3.19.7 Peak Hold .................3-106 3.19.8 Peak Power Sensor Commands ..........3-107 3.19.9...
Page 9 Preface Power Sensors Introduction ....................B-1 Power Sensor Selection................B-1 B.2.1 Power Sensor Selection Charts ............. B-2 B.2.2 Modulated Sensor Specifications ..........B-7 B.2.3 Directional Bridges..............B-11 Options Introduction ....................C-1 Option 01: Rack Mount Kit ................C-1 Option 03: Rear Panel Sensor In & Calibrator Out Connectors, Model 8651A... C-1 Option 04: Rear Panel Sensor In &...
Page 10 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Illustrations AC Power Connector & Fuse Holding...........1-5 Figure 1-1: Figure 1-2: The 8650A Rear Panel ................1-6 Figure 2-1: The 8652A Front Panel .................2-1 Figure 2-2: The Main Menu ..................2-4 Figure 2-3: Power Meter Configuration Display ............2-6 Figure 2-4: Illustration of the Strip Chart..............2-8 Figure 2-5:...
Page 11 Preface Tables Table 1-1: Measurement Rates................1-10 Table 3-1: Implemented IEEE Standards............... 3-1 Table 3-2: IEEE Required Command Codes............3-6 Table 3-3: SCPI Command Syntax..............3-11 Table 3-4: Reset and Power on Default Commands..........3-47 Table 3-5: SCPI Standard Error Messages ............3-51 Table 3-6: Device Specific Error Messages ............
Page 12 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters viii Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 13: About This Manual
About This Manual About This Manual About This Manual This operation manual covers the operation and performance verification of the Giga-tronics Series 8650A Universal Power Meters: Preface: In addition to a comprehensive Contents and general information about the manual, the Preface also contains a record of changes made to the manual since its publication, and a description of Special Configurations.
Page 14 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Index: A comprehensive word index of the various elements of the 8650A manual. Changes that occur after publication of the manual, and Special Configuration data will be inserted as loose pages in the manual binder. Please insert and/or replace the indicated pages as detailed in the Technical Publication Change Instructions included with new and replacement pages.
Page 15: Conventions
Conventions Conventions Conventions Conventions The following conventions are used in this product manual. Additional conventions not included here will be defined at the time of usage. Warning WARNING The WARNING statement is encased in gray and centered in the page. This calls attention to a situation, or an operating or maintenance procedure, or practice, which if not strictly corrected or observed, could result in injury or death of personnel.
Page 16 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 17: Record Of Manual Changes
Record of Manual Changes Record of Manual Changes Record of Manual Changes Record of Manual Changes This table is provided for your convenience to maintain a permanent record of manual change data. Corrected replacement pages will be issued as Technical Publication Change Instructions, and will be inserted at the front of the binder.
Page 18 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 19: Special Configurations
Special Configurations Special Configurations Special Configurations Special Configurations When the accompanying product has been configured for user-specific application(s), supplemental pages will be inserted at the front of the manual binder. Remove the indicated page(s) and replace it (them) with the furnished Special Configuration supplemental page(s). Manual 31470, Rev.
Page 20 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 21: Introduction
The 8650A and the Series 80601A and 80701A power sensors offer enhanced performance in the measurement of complex modulation signals in the communication industry. The 8650A maintains the functionality of Giga-tronics 8540B and 8540C power meters, and compatibility with all existing power sensor models.
Page 22: Power Requirements
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters • Dual-channel modulated measurements with the 8652A and the 80601A or 80701A power sensors • Strip Chart function to view the power over a selective period of 40 seconds to 200 minutes • Statistical functions including mean and standard deviation, and graphical displays of Histogram, Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) and Complementary CDF (CCDF) •...
Page 23: Cleaning
Check the shipping carton for evidence of physical damage and immediately report any damage to the shipping carrier. Each Giga-tronics instrument must pass rigorous inspections and tests prior to shipment. Upon receipt, its performance should be verified to ensure that operation has not been impaired during shipment.
Page 24: Installation
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Installation Select the correct operating voltage and install the proper fuse in this housing. Refer to Section 1.2.2, Line Voltage and Fuse Selection for instructions on how to select the voltage and replace the fuse. Observe the following Safety Precautions when installing the 8650A Power Meter.
Page 25: Line Voltage And Fuse Selection
Introduction 1.2.2 Line Voltage and Fuse Selection The instrument is shipped in an operational condition and no special installation procedures are required except to check and/or set the operating voltage and fuse selection as described in the following. When the instrument is shipped from the factory, it is set for a power line voltage (120 Vac for domestic destinations).
Page 26: The Rear Panel
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 1.2.4 The Rear Panel The rear panels for the Models 8651A and 8652A are identical and are illustrated in Figure 1-2. Any options that have been installed in the unit will be noted on the serial number tag. Refer to the Special Configurations section in the preface of this manual for detailed information about installed options or other special configurations.
Page 27: 8650A System Specifications
Introduction 8650A System Specifications Power Meter Frequency Range: 10 MHz to 40 GHz Power Range: -70 dBm to +47 dBm (100 pW to 50 Watt) Single Sensor Dynamic Range: CW Power Sensors: 90 dB Peak Power Sensors: 40 dB Peak, 50 dB CW Modulation Sensors: 87 dB CW;...
Page 28 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Time Gated Measurements: Gate Polarity: Specifies the external signal TTL high or low level as true for defining the gated time. Trigger Delay: 0 to 327 ms 10 µ s to 327 ms Gate Time: Holdoff Time: 0 to 327 ms External Trigger Polarity:...
Page 29 Introduction Instrumentation Linearity System Linearity at 50 MHz: ±0.02 dB over any 20 dB range from -70 to +16 dBm ±0.02 dB (±.05 dB/dB) from +16 to +20 dBm ±0.04 dB from -70 to +16 dBm The following chart shows linearity plus worst case zero set and noise vs.
Page 30: Table 1-1: Measurement Rates
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Measurement Rates Table 1-1 illustrates typical maximum measurement rates for different measurement collection modes. The rate of measurement depends on several factors including the controller speed and the number of averages. The Fast Buffered Mode speed does not include bus communication time. Measurement speed increases significantly using the 8650A Fast Buffered Mode.
Page 31 Introduction Inputs/Outputs F Input (BNC): Recalls cal factors using source V F output. Corrects power PROP PROP readings for sensor frequency response using sweeper voltage output. Input resistance = 50K. Does not operate in the fast measurement collection modes (normal mode only). Analog Output (BNC): Provides an output voltage of 0 to 10V from either Channel A or Channel B in either Log or Lin units.
Page 32 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 1-12 Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 33: Front Panel Operation
Front Panel Operation Introduction This chapter describes how to operate the Series 8650A Universal Power Meter using the display and controls on the front panel. It includes descriptions of the front and rear panels, configuration, display menus and practical applications. See Chapter 3 for instructions for remote operation of the 8650A over the General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) and RS-232 serial communication devices.
Page 34 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Dedicated Hardkeys The dedicated hardkeys are located on the right side of the front panel and function as described below. In this manual, instructions to press a dedicated hardkey are with the appropriate key title in bold uppercase enclosed in brackets, such as ‘press to calibrate a power sensor’.
Page 35 Front Panel Operation 2.) Cycling the ON/OFF switch should be no faster than once a second. Pressing the ON/OFF switch in rapid succession is not recommended. 3.) If the current setup is critical, it is recommended to save it as a stored setup to prevent accidental loss.
Page 36: 8650A Configuration
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 8650A Configuration The 8650A screen normally displays measurement data, but it also displays the setup and configuration menus for the meter, display, and sensor. The setup menus are dynamic; the display adapts to the current operating mode and the type of sensors and other peripheral connections.
Page 37: Meter Setup
Front Panel Operation 2.2.1 Meter Setup The Meter Setup menu provides the means to configure the meter operating mode, and to store and recall setups. From the Main menu, press [Meter Setup] to display the Setup Menu. Press the softkey for the function you want to perform.
Page 38: Figure 2-3: Power Meter Configuration Display
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Config Press [Config] from the Setup menu to display the Power Meter Configuration menu (see Figure 2-3). From this menu you can configure the following: • GPIB mode and address • V/F (V F) input frequency and scale factor PROP •...
Page 39 Front Panel Operation 4. Press [OK] to accept the changes or [Cancel] to cancel the changes and return to the Power Meter Configuration menu. V/F In: The V/F (V F) input accepts a frequency referenced to 0 Vdc, which the power meter uses to PROP determine and apply the appropriate correction factors (stored in the sensor EEPROM).
Page 40: Figure 2-4: Illustration Of The Strip Chart
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Use the cursor keys to set the desired value in either the High or Low range. d. Press [Set Volts/Set Power] to toggle between each value. Set the digit value of each with the cursor keys. Press [OK] to accept the changes or [Cancel] to cancel the changes and return to the Power Meter Configuration menu.
Page 41: Figure 2-5: Illustration Of External Gating
Front Panel Operation RS-232: Highlight the RS-232 option in the Power Meter Configuration menu and press [Config]. The RS-232 Config menu will display for configuration of the RS-232 interface. 1. Press [Baud] to set the Baud Rate. Select the desired rate with the up/down cursor keys. The default value is 9600.
Page 42: Figure 2-6: Illustration Of External Triggering
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Proceed as follows to configure the power meter for gated measurements by the sensors: 1. From the Power Meter Configuration menu, select [T Gate] then [Config] to display the Gate/ Trigger menu. 2. From the Gate/Trigger menu, select the sensor with the cursor keys, then select the mode of gated operation for that sensor.
Page 43: Figure 2-7: Illustration Of Burst Edge Configuration
Front Panel Operation Upon entering the External Trigger setup, a burst profile will display at the bottom of the screen. If the following specifications are not met, the profile may be inaccu- rate or not displayed at all: The time from between trigger edges is the period of the trigger. The period must be equal to or less than 50 ms.
Page 44: Figure 2-8: Illustration Of The Histogram
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Histogram The Histogram feature displays graphical views of accumulated data distribution over a selective period of time (see Figure 2-8). Highlight the Histogram option in the Power Meter Configuration menu and press [Config]. 1. Press [Select Source] and select the input channel (8652A only) or display the line number. 2.
Page 45: Figure 2-9: Illustration Of The Cdf Curve
Front Panel Operation 4. Move the cursor along the slope of any curve to display, below the graph, the cursor position, the power level and the corresponding percentage of time the signal is above or below that level. CAL ON Line 1 (A) CDF Reset Select...
Page 46: Display Setup
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 4. A name of up to 16 characters can be used as an additional means of identifying the setup. Press [Name} to open the display containing this option. Set the name by moving the cursor to the first position desired with the <...
Page 47: Figure 2-12: The Data Line Configuration Menu
Front Panel Operation Line Configuration Select the line to be configured by pressing the corresponding [Line n] softkey. The menu in Figure 2-12 will display. The current configuration of the selected source displays in the large window at the bottom of the screen.
Page 48 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters d. Off: Select this option to turn the line off. When a line is turned off, it will not be available as a source Line n. For example, if Line 4 is turned off, you cannot set Line 3 to read the min- imum/maximum values of line 4.
Page 49: Rel
Front Panel Operation More Options 1. Select [More Options] from the Configure Display menu (see Figure 2-11) to set the brightness of the display screen. The adjustment, made with the cursor keys, is interactive so you can observe the brightness as you adjust it. The range is 0% (off) to 100%. The default is 70%. 2.
Page 50 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Use this option to set the averaging period of power measurements, including modulated, CW and peak sensors. Press [Avg] from the Sensor Setup menu to display the Sensor Setup - Averaging . This menu offers three options: Auto, Averages, and Time. menu Auto: 1.
Page 51 Front Panel Operation 4. Press [Trig Level] to configure the trigger level in either the Internal or External Trigger mode. a. Internal Trigger: Peak power will be sampled at a point defined by a Trigger Level, a Delay, and a Delay Off- set.
Page 52 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Press [User Config] to configure the meter manually. You will be prompted to enter the values for the Burst Start Exclude, Burst End Exclude, and Dropout. Enter these values by pressing the corresponding softkey and using the cursor keys to change the values.
Page 53: Measurement Guide
Front Panel Operation Measurement Guide This section presents guidelines for practical applications of the 8650A. See Section 2.3.9 for mode restrictions. 2.3.1 Using the Power Sweep Calibrator The Power Sweep Calibrator automatically calibrates the power sensor to the power meter. The power sweep operates from -30 to +20 dBm (the complete, non-square-law operating region) and transfers the inherent linearity of an internal, thermal-based detector to the balanced diode sensors.
Page 54: Sensor Zero And Calibration
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 2.3.3 Sensor Zero and Calibration All sensors must be calibrated and zeroed before making measurements. Calibration and Zeroing 1. Connect the sensor to be calibrated from Channel A or B to the Calibrator output (see Figure 2-14). ☛...
Page 55: Calibration & Zeroing For High Power Sensors With Removable Attenuators
Calibration & Zeroing for High Power Sensors with Removable Attenuators When using a Giga-tronics high power sensor with external attenuator, Giga-tronics power meters automatically recognizes the sensor type and compensates for the attenuation factor. However, when performing the front panel calibration, be sure to remove the attenuator before connecting to the calibrator port.
Page 56: Low Level Performance Check
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 2.3.3.2 Low Level Performance Check This procedure provides a quick-check list for evaluating meter/sensor performance for low-level measurements. It is not intended to verify performance of specifications such as Noise, Temperature Coefficient and Zero Set. For complete verification, please refer to Chapter 4. 1.
Page 57: Measuring Source Output Power
Front Panel Operation 2.3.4 Measuring Source Output Power To measure the source output power: 1. Connect the power sensor to the RF output of the microwave source. 2. Verify that the microwave source RF output is ON. 3. Press ; enter the operating frequency (use the cursor keys to adjust the value), and press [FREQ] 4.
Page 58: High Power Level Measurements
2.3.7 Modulated Measurement Modes The 8650A series of power meters expands upon the capabilities of the previous 8540 power meters in a number of ways. In the past, power measurements of modulated signals (pulse, multi-tone, AM, etc.) required that the signals be attenuated to levels less than -20 dBm to avoid errors due to sensor nonlinearity.
Page 59: Figure 2-16: Burst Measurement
Front Panel Operation though the filter settling time has been set to a long time constant of 2.56 seconds, the update rate of the meter will be much faster, and even the first reading will be very close to the fully settled value. PAP Mode The Pulse Average Power (PAP) mode is similar to the MAP mode, but it measures pulse-modulated signals having a known duty cycle.
Page 60 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters In BAP mode, the 8650A automatically determines which portions of the signal are in the pulse and which are not. In computing the average power, the 8650A uses only those portions that are within the pulse.
Page 61: Measurement Collection Modes
Front Panel Operation 2.3.8 Measurement Collection Modes Using a wide range of CW and Peak Power Sensors and the GPIB fast measurement collection modes, the Series 8650A meters provide typical reading speeds of >1750 readings per second in the free-run Swift mode, 800 readings per second in the Fast Modulated mode, and >26,000 readings per second in the Fast Buffered mode.
Page 62: Figure 2-17: Delay And Delay Offsets
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Peak power measurements are made by sampling the RF input at a point which is defined by a trigger level, a delay, and a delay offset (see Figure 2-17). The initial triggering event occurs when the power input (or in the case of external triggering, a voltage input) reaches a threshold, which you have defined as the trigger level.
Page 63: Mode Restrictions
Front Panel Operation 2.3.9 Mode Restrictions In certain modes the 8650A has highly specific restrictions on its operation: • In the fast measurement collection modes (swift and fast buffered), it is not possible to make measurements which compare the two channels. In other words, it is possible to make measurements using sensor A, or B, or both, but measurements such as A/B and A-B are not permitted.
Page 64: Peak Hold
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters power measurements is two-fold. First, care should be taken to keep the peak power level applied to the sensor below the maximum recommended level. Second, when trying to minimize modulation-induced measurement error for carriers separated by more the specified bandwidth of the sensor, it is the peak power level that should be kept below about -20 dBm.
Page 65: Crest Factor
Front Panel Operation 2.3.13 Crest Factor The Crest Factor feature is very similar to the peak hold feature, in that it holds on to the maximum level until a reset occurs, but in this case the displayed value is expressed (in dB) as a ratio of the held maximum power to the average power.
Page 66 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Like the Peak Hold feature, the Crest Factor feature also has the same minimum average power level restriction of -20 dBm. Beginning in firmware version 1.51, this has been implemented to increase accuracy and maintain wide bandwidth of Crest Factor measurement over the peak power range of -20 dBm to +20 dBm.
Page 67: Burst Signal Measurements
Front Panel Operation 2.3.14 Burst Signal Measurements In a burst signal, the RF is pulsed on and off (i.e., pulse modulated). Often, the RF is modulated during the pulse on time. Typical examples are TDMA digital cellular telephone formats such as NADC, PDC, and GSM.
Page 68: Burst Start Exclude, Burst End Exclude
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 2.3.15 Burst Start Exclude, Burst End Exclude When measuring burst signals, it is sometimes desirable to mask the beginning or the end of a burst so that overshoot and other distortions do not affect the reading. The Burst Start Exclude and Burst End Exclude features make it possible for BAP mode measurements to exclude the beginning or the end of a burst in this way.
Page 69: Burst Dropout
Front Panel Operation 2.3.16 Burst Dropout In the BAP mode, average power is measured only during bursts. Because, in this mode, the bursts are automatically detected by the power meter, the user need not be aware of the burst repetition rate in order to make the measurement.
Page 70: Optimizing Measurement Speed
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 2.3.17 Optimizing Measurement Speed In many power measurement situations, measurement speed is defined in terms of settling time following a step change in average power. In other words, it is desired to know the average power level within some specified tolerance as quickly as possible following a power level change.
Page 71: Peak Power Measurements
Front Panel Operation 2.3.18 Peak Power Measurements Peak power sensors directly measure the amplitude of pulsed microwave signals. The direct sampling technique is more accurate than traditional duty cycle correction methods. The sample position can be displayed on an oscilloscope. 1.
Page 72: Improving Accuracy
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 2.3.20 Improving Accuracy Mismatch uncertainty is the largest source of error in power measurement. The 6 dB pad that is used in the attenuator calibration procedure above reduces mismatch uncertainty by effectively improving the return loss (or reducing the SWR) of the source. Mismatch uncertainty is large when a device has a poor impedance match relative to 50 Ω...
Page 73: Performance Verification
Front Panel Operation 2.3.21 Performance Verification Verifying accuracy and calibrating test equipment are essential to microwave engineers and technicians. Accurate, repeatable measurements are required for validating designs, certifying calibrations, making engineering decisions, approving product components, certifying standards, and verifying performance specifications (also see Chapter 4 of this manual).
Page 74: Sources Of Error
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 2.3.22 Sources of Error In the previous accuracy verification procedure, there are four sources of error: • Source output level variation • Power splitter output tracking • Power meter X total measurement uncertainty • Power meter Y total measurement uncertainty Worst case uncertainty, which should be used for calibration purposes, is the arithmetic sum of all four of these sources of error.
Page 75: Remote Operation
The 8650A power meter uses standard protocols for communication over the GPIB. Commands conform to IEEE 488.1 or IEEE 488.2 guidelines. Four emulation modes (Giga-tronics 8540, HP436, HP437 and HP438) are available for users of power meters who cannot rewrite their application software.
Page 76: Polling
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Clear Device The interface command CLEAR 713 resets the GPIB and sets the 8650A to its preset condition. Clear Interface The interface command ABORT 7 resets the GPIB without resetting the 8650A to its preset condition. The 8650A will not be addressed after the abort.
Page 77: Data Output Formats
Remote Operation Serial Polling Srq_zero: ! zero with an srq interrupt PRINT entering SRQ interrupt zero routine ON INTR 7 GOSUB Srq_interrupt OUTPUT 713;CS ! clear status byte ENABLE INTR 7;2 ! enable srq interrupts OUTPUT 713;@1;CHR$(2) ! enable srq handshake OUTPUT 713;AEZE ! execute zero command Flag=0...
Page 78: Power-On Default Conditions
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.1.4 Power-On Default Conditions The interface wake-up state is: • GPIB Local Mode • Unaddressed, Service Request Mask Cleared • Status Byte Cleared • TR3 Free Run Trigger Mode Set • GT2 Group Execute Trigger Mode Set •...
Page 79: Scpi Command Interface
Remote Operation SCPI Command Interface This section details operation of the 8650A power meter using the SCPI (Standard Communications for Programmable Instruments) interface commands. A SCPI command reference is presented in Table 3-3 and the sections that follow. SCPI commands promote consistency in definition of a common instrument control and measurement command language.
Page 80: Measurement Triggering
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.3 Measurement Triggering The power meter uses the Trigger Subsystem to trigger measurements in two different operational modes - a normal mode which maximizes the instrument’s functionality, and swift and burst modes that maximize the power measurement rate. 3.2.4 Memory Functions The MEMory commands control the configuration of the automated Voltage-Proportional-to-...
Page 81: Calculate Subsystem Commands
Remote Operation 3.2.6 Calculate Subsystem Commands Calculate commands specify and query the configuration of power measurement channels, known in SCPI references as Software Configuration Channels, and in this manual as “channels”. See Section 3.2.7 for sensor-specific configuration and measurement function control. The query form of CALC#?, with # replaced by the channel modifier (1 or 2), returns the current configuration status for that channel.
Page 82: Sense Subsystem Commands
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.7 Sense Subsystem Commands The Sense subsystem configuration commands, illustrated in Figure 3-3, apply to individual sensors. These commands alter the value of the measured power level according to the sensor’s characteristics. For example, measured power levels can be offset for attenuators or couplers in the measurement path so that the power data reading reflects the power level at the measurement point of interest.
Page 83: Trigger Subsystem Commands
Remote Operation SENSe:TRIGger functions apply only to Giga-tronics Peak Power Sensors. The DELay and LEVel functions of these Peak Power Sensor controls apply to the 80350A Peak Power Sensors, not the 80340 Peak Power (Triggerable Pulse) Sensors. The AVERage and CORRection commands apply to all 80300 Series CW &...
Page 84: Gpib Command Syntax
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.9 GPIB Command Syntax The following conventions are used with the GPIB commands in this manual. Some commands will be in both upper- and lower-case, such as CALCulate and MEMory. The uppercase is the required input. The whole word can be used if desired.
Page 85: Table 3-3: Scpi Command Syntax
Remote Operation Table 3-3: SCPI Command Syntax Command Syntax Function Page SCPI Required Codes *CLS Clear SRQ and status byte registers 3-36 *ESE Enable bit 4 of event status register mask 3-36 *ESR? Return event status register value 3-36 *IDN? Query instrument mfgr and model number 3-49 *IST?
Page 86 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table 3-3: SCPI Command Syntax (Continued) Command Syntax Function Page CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>:MINimum[:MAGnitude]? Query channel minimum value in dBm 3-40 CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>:REFerence:STATespace<ON or Activate level reference for relative 3-34 OFF> measurements CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>:REFerence[:MAGnitude]<dB Set channel 2 reference offset value in dB Offset value from -299.999 to 299.999>...
Page 87 Remote Operation Table 3-3: SCPI Command Syntax (Continued) Command Syntax Function Page SENSe<sensor 1 or 2>:CORRection:OFFSet Compensate sensor 2 for 10.2 dB attenuation 3-35 [:MAGnitude]space<offset value in dB -99.99 to 99.99> SENSe<sensor 1 or 2>:CORRection:OFFSet:STATespace<ON Enable sensor 2 offset correction 3-35 or OFF>...
Page 88: Sensor Calibration And Zeroing
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.10 Sensor Calibration and Zeroing CALibrate<sensor 1 or 2> CALibrate<sensor 1 or 2>:STATe? CALibrate<sensor 1 or 2>:ZERO SENSe<sensor 1 or 2>:TEMPerature? Sensor Calibration The CALibration commands for sensor calibration and zeroing are important for accurate power measurement results.
Page 89 Remote Operation Sensor Zero Zeroing automatically accounts for ground noise and other noise in your measurement system. Measurements will be sensitive to noise-induced errors only in the lowest 15 dB of the sensor dynamic range. Be sure to turn off the signal going into the sensor during zeroing, otherwise a failure will be indicated. CAL#:ZERO Syntax: CALibration<sensor 1 or 2>:ZERO...
Page 90: Reading Power Measurements
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.11 Reading Power Measurements FETCh? MEASure? READ? *OPC These commands return measurement data from the 8650A. During Normal mode the data will be single measurement values. During Swift or Burst modes, the data will be an array of values. Generally, it is a single array if one sensor is connected and calibrated, and a dual array if two sensors are connected and calibrated.
Page 91 Remote Operation READ? Syntax: READ<channel 1 or 2>[:POWer]? Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_Mtr;READ2? ! Trigger measurement and read Channel 2 Response: A power measurement. A Description: The READ[:POWer]? query command triggers measurement and sends the data to the controller. The READ? command enables the power meter to acquire data at the next instrument trigger and return post-processed measurement data from the active channels of the 8650A.
Page 92: Instrument Triggering
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.12 Instrument Triggering *TRG TRIGger[:IMMediate] TRIGger:SOURce TRIGger:MODE TRIGger:DELay TRIGger:COUNt INITiate:CONTinuous INITiate[:IMMediate] *WAI These SCPI commands trigger the measurement cycle. They do not configure or provide triggering for Peak Power Sensors. Those commands are defined in Section 3.2.17. For power meter operation, the TRIGger Subsystem is divided into two sections;...
Page 93 Remote Operation *TRG Syntax: *TRG Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;*TRG ! BUS Trigger Event Description: *TRG is an IEEE 488.2 compatible programming command to initiate BUS triggered measurements. The power meter interprets *TRG as a BUS source for instrument trigger- ing events. This command will not trigger Peak Power Sensors. It is the same as the TRIG command.
Page 94 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters TRIG:MODE Syntax: TRIGger:MODEspace<burst mode data gathering POST trigger receipt or PRE trigger receipt> Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;TRIG:MODE POST ! Set Burst or Swift mode data collection ! relative to Timing of event trigger post Description: This command is only for BURSt Mode measurements. Send this command only immedi- ately after CALC#:MODE BURS.
Page 95 Remote Operation TRIG:COUN Syntax: TRIGger:COUNtspace<number of data values to buffer in memory from 1 to 5000 for the standard 8650; from 1 to 128,000 on one channel with option 02; and 1 to 64000 for two channels with option 02> Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;TRIG:COUN 100 ! Set Burst or Swift mode buffer reading...
Page 96: Arming The Triggering Cycle
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.13 Arming the Triggering Cycle INITiate:CONTinuous INITiate[:IMMediate] The Initiate commands enable the power meter to acquire measurement data at the next instrument trigger. In the absence of an instrument signal, the 8650A is placed in the waiting-for-trigger-state. The default configuration is continuous initiation, INIT:CONT ON.
Page 97: Channel Configuration
Remote Operation 3.2.14 Channel Configuration CALCulate:POWer CALCulate:RATio CALCulate:DIFFerence CALCulate? CALCulate:UNIT CALCulate:STATe CALCulate:STATe? CALC#:POW Syntax: CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>[:CHANnel]:POWerspace <sensor 1 or 2> Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;CALC2:POW 1 ! Configures channel 2 to ! measure Sensor 1 power Description: This command configures a sensor to an individual channel, and the channel measures the sensor power level.
Page 98 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters CALC#? Syntax: CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>[:FUNCtion]? Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;CALC2? ! Query channel 2 sensor Configuration Response: POW #, RAT #,#, or DIFF #,# Description: This command returns the current channel configuration. This command is a query format only.
Page 99: Cal Factor Correction
Power Sensors have a measurable frequency response. During manufacture, this response is calibrated at 1 GHz intervals. Instead of printing the data on the sensor label, each Giga-tronics power sensor includes a built-in EEPROM which has been programmed with the frequency calibration factor data for that particular power sensor.
Page 100 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters MEM:SLOP Syntax: MEMory[:TABLe]:SLOPespace<Volts per Hz> Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;MEM:SLOP 1e-9 ! Set V F slope to 1 V/GHz PROP Description: This command sets the V/Hz relationship for automated Cal Factor correction. MEM:FREQ Syntax: MEMory[:TABLe]:FREQuencyspace<Start frequency> Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;MEM:FREQ 1e9 ! Set V F frequency to 1 GHz.
Page 101: High Speed Measurements
Remote Operation 3.2.16 High Speed Measurements CALCulate:DATA? CALCulate:MODE TRIGger:MODE TRIGger:DELay TRIGger:COUNt Measurements in Normal mode are fastest with only one sensor attached. When two sensors are attached, the Normal mode measurement rate is reduced. This applies for all three major measurement commands, FETCh, READ, and MEASure.
Page 102 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters The following commands are duplicates of those given in the Instrument Triggering section of this chapter, and are shown here for convenience. These commands must be used with BURSt mode operation. TRIG:MODE Syntax: TRIGger:MODEspace<burst mode data gathering POST trigger receipt or PRE trigger receipt>...
Page 103 Remote Operation TRIG:COUN Syntax: TRIGger:COUNtspace<number of data values to buffer in memory from 1 to 5000 Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;TRIG:COUN 100 ! Set Burst or Swift mode buffer reading ! number to 100 Description: The 8650A has an internal data buffer for storing measurement data until the slot 0 controller/resource manager is ready to read the data.
Page 104 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Triggering Notes Refer to Instrument Triggering in Section 3.2.12 for more information. EXT triggering is performed with the front panel BNC connector and will work only in BURSt and SWIFt Modes. EXT triggering is not available in NORMal Mode. Provision has been made for a hardware ready type handshaking capability using the analog output.
Page 105: Peak Power Sensor Triggering
Remote Operation 3.2.17 Peak Power Sensor Triggering SENSe:TRIGger The Peak Power Sensors sample power levels almost instantaneously. Since there is a sampler built into the Peak Power sensor housing, there are several controls to configure the source of the sensor trigger signal.
Page 106 50 Ω trigger source, this may cause unwanted signal reflections and noise on the trigger line. An SMB to SMB attenuator is available from Giga-tronics to alleviate this condition. The attenuation reduces the reflected noise, and reduces/eliminates the noisy trigger characteristics.
Page 107: Averaging
Remote Operation 3.2.18 Averaging SENSe:AVERage Averaging is applied during normal operating mode. In the normal mode, Avg results in x 192 samples taken. In the Swift or Burst modes, Avg results in 2 samples taken. Auto averaging takes 4 samples all the time. For auto averaging in the normal mode, the averaging number is level dependent with very low averaging at +20 dBm, and many samples taken at very low levels.
Page 108: Relative Or Referenced Measurements
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.19 Relative or Referenced Measurements CALCulate:REFerence Relative and referenced measurements are used when one measured value needs to be compared to another measured value on the same channel. For example, this function is used when it is desired to monitor the power level variation around an initial turn on or reference set value.
Page 109: Offsets
Remote Operation 3.2.20 Offsets SENSe:CORRection Sensor power offsets apply to the individual sensor. Use sensor offsets to account for the loss of attenuators, which are commonly used during measurement to reduce standing waves to improve measurement accuracy. If you are measuring high power signals (>100 mW), but are not using Giga- tronics high power sensors, you will need to use a power attenuator between the high power output and the sensor input to prevent damage.
Page 110: Srq And Status Monitoring
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.21 SRQ and Status Monitoring *CLS *ESE *ESR? *OPC *SRE STATus:OPERation STATus:PREset *STB? *CLS Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;*CLS ! Clear SRQ and status byte registers Description: *CLS is the clear status command defined by IEEE 488.2. This command clears all of the status bytes to the value 0.
Page 111 Remote Operation STAT:OPER Syntax: STATus:OPERation[:EVENt]? Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;STAT:OPER? ! Query operation event register result Description: This query returns the operation event register result. Syntax: STATus:OPERation:ENABlespace<event register value 0 through 65535> Example: OUTPUT @PWR_mtr;STAT:OPER:ENAB 1 ! Sets the Event Register enable mask Description: This command sets the enable mask, which allows true conditions in the event register to be reported in the summary bit.
Page 112: Figure 3-6: The Scpi Status Structure Registers
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters *STB? Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;*STB? ! Query status byte register Description: This query returns status byte register result. The SCPI status reporting structure includes the IEEE 488.2 Status Registers. Please note that bit 5 of the OPERation Status Register is only used during BURSt and SWIFt modes.
Page 113 Remote Operation Event Status Register The *ESE command is used in combination with group commands that form the meter’s service request system. These commands and their responses are almost identical to the IEEE 488 (GPIB) SRQ service request command structures. The *ESE command is used to enable bits of the event status register mask. The *ESE command is one of the commands you can use to monitor the status of the power meter.
Page 114: Min/Max Configuration And Monitoring
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Status Byte Register Operational Require Event Status Message Status Service (RQS) Available Notes: The condition indicated in bits 1 through 5 must be enabled by the Service Request Mask to cause a Service Request Condition. The mask is set with the *SRE command followed by ASCII characters. The value of the byte is determined by summing the weight of each bit to be checked.
Page 115 Remote Operation CALC:MIN Syntax: CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>:MINimum:STATespaceON or OFF Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;CALC1:MIN:STAT ON ! Enable channel 1 minimum tracking Description: This command activates the minimum channel value monitor. Syntax: CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>:MINimum [:MAGnitude]? Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;CALC1:MIN? ! Query channel minimum value in dBm Response: Lowest power reading since CALC2:MIN:STAT ON was sent.
Page 116: Limit Line Configuration And Monitoring
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.23 Limit Line Configuration and Monitoring CALCulate:LIMit The CALCulate:LIMit commands specify and query the status of power measurement limit values and limit line pass/fail checking. This allows the 8650A to monitor measured values and determine if the values are outside certain limits or above/below a single limit.
Page 117 Remote Operation Syntax: CALCulate<channel 1 or 2>:LIMit:FAIL? CALCulate - LIMit - FAIL? Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;CALC1:LIM:FAIL? ! Check for channel 1 limit line violation Response: 0 = OK; 1 = fail. Description: This command reports whether or not a limit line has been exceeded since the limit checking function was set to ON, or the limit line monitor was cleared with CALC#:LIM:CLE.
Page 118: Analog Output
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.24 Analog Output MEMory:CHANnel MEMory:UNIT MEMory:POWer MEMory:VOLTage OUTPut:ANAlog The ANALOG OUT BNC connector on the front panel can be configured to output a voltage that corresponds to the power levels on one of the channels. This is useful for applications such as source leveling or printing to a chart recorder.
Page 119 Remote Operation Syntax: MEMory[:TABLe]:POWerspace<start value from 0 to 0.01 W>comma<stop value from 0 to 0.01 W> Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;MEM:POW 0,1e2 ! Set analog out power range (in Watts) ! from 0 to 0.01 Watts Description: If linear units are selected for analog output control, this command selects the beginning and end points of the power levels which will be assigned corresponding voltages at the analog output.
Page 120: Saving And Recalling Configurations
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.25 Saving and Recalling Configurations *RCL *SAV The 8650A has 21 instrument state memory registers. Registers 1 through 20 are available for store and recall. Register 0 contains the previous state of the instrument and can be used to toggle between two different instrument configuration states.
Page 121: Preset Configuration
Remote Operation 3.2.27 Preset Configuration *RST STATus:PRESet SYSTem:PRESet *RST Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;*RST ! Reset 8650A configuration Description: This command resets the 8650A configuration to a known condition (see Table 3-4). These are not the power ON conditions. The 8650A has an internal battery which powers a non-volatile memory chip to retain configuration information.
Page 122 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table 3-4: Reset and Power on Default Commands (Continued) Command Default Minimum Maximum OUTput: ROScillator[:STATe] [BNC:]ANAlog[:STATe] SENSe1-2: AVERage: COUNt: AUTO TCONtrol MOVing CORRection: FREQ 4e10 OFFset: STATe [MAGnitude] -99.999 99.999 VPROpf[:STATe] TRIGger: DELay: STATe [MAGnitude] 1e-6 -5e-8 104e-3...
Page 123: Identification Commands
Giga-tronics, 8650,0,1.09 where 1.09 is software version Description: The *IDN? is the identify query command defined by IEEE 488.2. Upon receipt of this command, the power meter will output a string that identifies itself as the Giga-tronics 8650A and indicates the firmware version number.
Page 124: Calibrator Controls
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.2.29 Calibrator Controls OUTPut:Reference:OSCillator The reference oscillator is the RF calibration source for the sensors. OUTP:ROSC Syntax: OUTPut:ROSCillator[:STATe]space<ON or OFF> Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;OUTP:ROSC ON ! Turn ON Calibrator Oscillator Description: The reference oscillator (Calibrator port) connection is on the front panel of the power meter.
Page 125: Self-Test
Remote Operation Syntax: SENSe<sensor 1 or 2>:CORRection:EEPROM:CALFactor? Example: OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;SENS1:CORR:EEPROM:CALF? ! Query sensor 1 EEPROM cal factor table Response: Typically, 5.000e7,2.000e9,..Description: Provides a listing of calibration factors in the sensor, sorted in frequency order, to match previous command. The number of items matches the sum of the number at standard frequencies, and the number of special frequencies reported by DIAG:SENS1:EEPROM:CALFR? 3.2.31...
Page 126: Table 3-6: Device Specific Error Messages
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table 3-6: Device Specific Error Messages Example of Command Error Message Problem ABORt CALCulate1:DATA? Burst mode is off Not burst mode; Command requires BURSt mode CALCulate1:DIFFerence 1,1 CALCulate1:RATio 1,1 Conflict in channel configuration Same sensor CALCulate1:LIMit:LOWer Conflict between upper and lower limits Upper is smaller than...
Page 127 Remote Operation Table 3-6: Device Specific Error Messages (Continued) Example of Command Error Message Problem MEMory:TABLe:FREQuency No valid sensor No sensor F Table is not selected Select others PROP F Table freq data error Start freq is greater than PROP sensor maximum MEMory:TABLe:POWer Analog out Table is not selected...
Page 128: Ieee 488.2 Interface Command Codes
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters IEEE 488.2 Interface Command Codes 3.3.1 Command Syntax The elements of the 8650A interface commands are introduced in this section. Because some commands are included only for compatibility with earlier models, there are some variations in syntax from one command to another, which must be carefully observed.
Page 129 Remote Operation Variables Some commands must include one or more variables to specify quantities or options for the command. For example, the function code ANALOG (used in commands to configure the analog output) is combined with several variables to specify different aspects of the analog output. In the command ANALOG LOG -80.0, 20.0, 0.0, 10.0 the variables are interpreted as follows: Specifies that power is to be measured in logarithmic units (that is, dB or dBm).
Page 130 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Command Format Illustrations A command format is used in this manual to show the possible elements of a command, as illustrated below: [AE or BE] DY [n] [EN or PCT or %] Variables are shown within brackets. In this example, the prefix can be AE or BE, the function is DY, a numerical variable [n] follows the function, and the suffix at the end can be EN, PCT, or %.
Page 131: 8650A Command Code Set
Remote Operation 3.3.2 8650A Command Code Set Table 3-7 lists the IEEE 488.2 common commands that are implemented in the 8650A. Most of these codes do not stand alone; commands; prefixes, variables, and suffixes must be combined with them. For further information refer to the sections cited in Table 3-7.
Page 132 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table 3-7: 8650A IEEE 488.2 Command Set (Continued) Command Description Section Ask for crest factor value Crest factor Clear status byte 3.19.3 CW mode 3.18 Test LCD display Duty cycle disable 3.10 Duty cycle enable 3.10 Display disable Display enable...
Page 133 Remote Operation Table 3-7: 8650A IEEE 488.2 Command Set (Continued) Command Description Section Disable calibrator source 3.7.2 Enable calibrator source 3.7.2 Offset disable 3.19.5 Offset enable 3.19.5 Set offset value 3.19.5 & 3.19.6 PAP mode 3.18 PEAK Peak sensor settings 3.19.8 Peak hold off 3.19.7...
Page 134: 8540C Emulation Command Code Set
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.3.3 8540C Emulation Command Code Set Table 3-8 lists the 8540C IEEE 488.2 emulation commands that are implemented in the 8650A. Most of these codes do not stand alone; commands; prefixes, variables, and suffixes must be combined with them.
Page 135 Remote Operation Table 3-8: 8540C Emulation Command Set (Continued) Command Description Section Crest factor Clear status byte 3.19.13 CW mode 3.18 Test LCD display Duty cycle disable 3.10 Duty cycle enable 3.10 Display disable Display enable Display user message Set duty cycle 3.10 EEPROM Sensor EEPROM query...
Page 136 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table 3-8: 8540C Emulation Command Set (Continued) Command Description Section Offset disable 3.19.5 Offset enable 3.19.5 Set offset value 3.19.5 PAP mode 3.18 PEAK Peak sensor settings 3.19.8 Peak hold Off 3.19.7 Peak Hold On 3.19.7 Ask for peak hold value 3.19.7...
Page 137: Hp436 Emulation Command Code Set
Remote Operation 3.3.4 HP436 Emulation Command Code Set Table 3-9 lists the GPIB commands that are available when the instrument is placed in the HP436 emulation mode: Table 3-9: HP436 Emulation Command Set Command Description Set range 5 Set range 4 Set range 3 Set range 2 Set range 1...
Page 138: Hp437 Emulation Command Code Set
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.3.5 HP437 Emulation Command Code Set These are the GPIB commands that are available when the instrument is placed in the HP437 emulation mode. Footnotes appear at the end of Table 3-10. Table 3-10: HP437 Emulation Command Set Command Description Required Commands...
Page 139 Remote Operation Table 3-10: HP437 Emulation Command Set (Continued) Command Description HP437 learn mode Left arrow [ignored] Reference oscillator off Reference oscillator on Output display text [ignored] Offset off - Local Offset on - Local Offset (enter offset value) Preset Auto range Recall Resolution...
Page 140: Hp438 Emulation Command Code Set
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.3.6 HP438 Emulation Command Code Set These are the GPIB commands that are available when the instrument is placed in the HP438 emulation mode. Footnotes appear at the end of Table 3-11. Table 3-11: HP438 Emulation Command Set Command Description IEEE 488.2 Function Commands...
Page 141 Remote Operation Table 3-11: HP438 Emulation Command Set (Continued) Command Description Resume autorange [not supported] Recall previous instrument state Do a range hold Turn off rel mode Turn on rel mode Set manual range Ask for status request mask Ask for status message Store instrument state Trigger hold mode Trigger single measurement...
Page 142: Analog Output
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Analog Output These commands control the A and B analog outputs. Enabling and Disabling the Output The ANALOG function can enable or disable the analog outputs. The command format for this purpose is: Syntax: ANALOG [STD or OPT] STATE [ON or OFF] [STD or OPT] specifies analog output A or B respectively.
Page 143: Averaging
Remote Operation Averaging 3.5.1 Auto Averaging The 8650A is normally used in the auto averaging mode. The power meter chooses an averaging factor that is appropriate for the ambient noise level. Activating the Auto Filter Mode The command which activates auto averaging for a sensor is based on the FA function. The command format is: Syntax: [AE or BE] FA...
Page 144: Manual Averaging
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Freezing the Present Averaging Number The command which causes auto filtering to hold its present averaging number is based on the FH function. The command format is: Syntax: [AE or BE] FH [AE or BE] prefix specifies sensor A or Sensor B. FH causes the 8650A to hold its present averaging number;...
Page 145: Cal Factors
Remote Operation Cal Factors You should not need to employ the command described below with the 8650A; it is included here for the sake of compatibility with remote programs written for older power meters. When a sensor is attached to the 8650A, the power meter automatically loads calibration factors from an EEPROM in the sensor.
Page 146: Calibration
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Calibration Commands which cause the 8650A to calibrate a sensor are based on the CL function code. The command format is: Syntax: [AE or BE] CL [n] [EN or PCT or %] [AE or BE] prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B. [n] represents a reference calibration factor of n%.
Page 147: Calibrator Source
Remote Operation 3.7.2 Calibrator Source The 8650A Calibrator output (a fixed signal at 0 dBm) is activated and deactivated by means of two simple commands: Syntax: [OC1 or OC0] Examples: OUTPUT 713;OC ! turn on calibrator source OUTPUT 713;OC0 ! turn off calibrator source ☛...
Page 148: Channel Designation
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.7.4 Channel Designation The command is required to specify which channel (display line) will be assigned to all subsequent commands that are affected. The affected commands are: LG, LN, RE, RL(0/1/2), LH, LL, LM(0/1), MAX, MIN, MIN(0/1) and STAT.
Page 149: Crest Factor
Remote Operation Crest Factor The Crest Factor feature holds on to the highest instantaneous power measured from the time the feature is enabled until it is reset; it is similar to the Peak Hold feature, except that the measurement is expressed as a ratio in relation to average power.
Page 150: Display Control
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Display Control Testing the Display The LCD display window and can be tested remotely, by means of three simple commands: Syntax: DE (Enable the display) DA (Test the display) DD (Disable the display) Examples: OUTPUT 713;DE ! activate the LCD display ! (this has the effect of canceling a DA or DD command) OUTPUT 713:DA...
Page 151: Duty Cycle Commands
Remote Operation 3.10 Duty Cycle Commands 3.10.1 Activating or Deactivating a Duty Cycle The commands which activate or deactivate a duty cycle are based on the DC0 and DC1 functions. The command format is: Syntax: [AE or BE] [DC0 or DC1] [AE or BE] prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B.
Page 152: Time Gating Measurement
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.11 Time Gating Measurement The structure of the Time Gating GPIB commands for the Series 8650A Universal Power Meters has been modified from the format used in the Series 8540C Universal Power Meters. The timing parameters cannot be concatenated into a single command string.
Page 153: Time Gating Mode
Remote Operation 3.11.2 Time Gating Mode The Time Gating mode is fully defined and illustrated in Section 2.2.1 of this manual. The following are the commands for using this feature over the GPIB. Gate A or B All time gating commands begin with GATE. Only one setup data structure is stored by the meter, so the parameters specified apply to the one channel that has time gating enabled.
Page 154 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters DURATION g DURATION g specifies the duration of the gating period. The g must be a time specified in seconds in the range of 5 µ s to 327.675 µ s, with a resolution of 5 µ s. This parameter is relevant only in the External Trigger Mode.
Page 155: Eeprom
Remote Operation 3.12 EEPROM 3.12.1 EEPROM Cal Factors The EEPROM command is used to query the cal factor data in the sensor EEPROM. The cal factor data is typically stored in the EEPROM at 1 GHz steps over the frequency range of the sensor. Additional cal factors may also be stored at additional special frequencies.
Page 156: Frequency
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.12.2 Frequency Cal factors are stored in the sensor’s EEPROM by frequency. Specifying a frequency causes the 8650A to apply the cal factor appropriate to that frequency. To cancel the use of cal factors, specify a frequency of 50 MHz (this is the frequency of the front panel Calibrator reference output, and has a cal factor of zero).
Page 157: Instrument Identification
The ID string is determined by the configuration choices that were made (from the front panel) under the Config/GPIB menu. In the 8651A modes, the ID string consists of four fields separated by commas: Field 1 is the manufacturer (GIGA-TRONICS). Field 2 is the model (8651A, 8652A, 8541C or 8542C).
Page 158: Learn Modes
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.14 Learn Modes The 8650A has the ability to send information regarding its current configuration to the controller. The controller requests this information by sending a learn mode command. At a later time, the controller can send the configuration information back to the power meter in order to reconfigure the 8650A to the same state it was in when it received the learn mode command.
Page 159: Learn Mode #1
Remote Operation 3.14.1 Learn Mode #1 Learn Mode #1 is used to return the configuration of the 8650A to the controller in the form of a sequence of GPIB commands. Requesting the String The simple command which requests the Learn Mode #1 string has the following format: Syntax: Example: OUTPUT 713;LP1...
Page 160: Learn Mode #2
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.14.2 Learn Mode #2 Learn Mode #2 is used to return the 8650A configuration information to the controller in the form of a series of binary values. Requesting the String The simple command which requests the Learn Mode #2 string has the following format: Syntax: Example: OUTPUT 713;LP2...
Page 161: Limits
Remote Operation 3.15 Limits ☛ ☛ ☛ ☛ NOTE: Both limits need to be set and LL must always be lower than LH. The reason is that the default settings are 0 dBm for LL and LH. 3.15.1 Setting Limits Commands which set limits are based on the LH and LL function codes.
Page 162: Measuring With Limits
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.15.3 Measuring with Limits For Sensor A or B, measurements with limits are enabled by the command Syntax: LM1. Example: OUTPUT 713; AP LM1 ! Measure sensor A and enable limit checking This measures Sensor A with the previously set LL and LH limits. Example: OUTPUT 713;...
Page 163: Measurement Collection Modes (Standard)
Remote Operation 3.16 Measurement Collection Modes (Standard) 3.16.1 Measurement Triggering Trigger modes determine when a measurement will be made. Four simple commands consisting of one of four function codes select the desired mode: Syntax: [TR0 or TR1 or TR2 or TR3] All four modes discussed here are standard measurement collection modes (as opposed to the fast modes described in Section 3.17), and use the standard data output format.
Page 164: Group Execute Trigger
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.16.2 Group Execute Trigger The GPIB GET command (group execute trigger) causes all the devices on the interface which are currently addressed to listen to start a device dependent operation (usually a measurement). Three simple commands (consisting of one of three function codes) regulate the 8650A response to a GET command: Syntax: [GT0 or GT1 or GT2]...
Page 165: Measurement Collection Modes (Fast)
Remote Operation 3.17 Measurement Collection Modes (Fast) 3.17.1 General The 8650A offers three special fast measurement collection modes which are available only during remote operation over the GPIB. These fast modes make it possible to take more measurements per second, but at the cost of limited functionality compared to the standard measurement collection mode. The fast modes operate differently from the standard measurement collection mode in several important ways.
Page 166: Data Output Formats For Fast Modes
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Warning Regarding Interruption and Reconfiguration Another important consideration is that, while any of the three fast measurement modes is running, it should not be interrupted, and the measurement setup should not be changed. The measurement setup must be thoroughly configured before the command is sent to start the fast measurement mode.
Page 167: Fast Buffered Mode
Commands related to the fast buffered mode are based on the FBUF command. (For the sake of backward compatibility with earlier Giga-tronics power meter designs, the command BURST is accepted as a substitute for FBUF. However, this command has nothing to do with the burst average power measurement mode;...
Page 168 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters The time value (numeric variable [t]) is an optional variable which specifies a fixed delay between measurements. The time value specifies the time (in ms) to wait between measurements; the minimum value is zero. The maximum value is 5000 ms (five seconds).
Page 169: Swift Mode
Remote Operation 3.17.4 Swift Mode Swift mode is a fast mode which allows for fast continuous data taking and return of each measurement to the host as it is taken (the freerun mode). Swift mode also allows for triggered buffered measurements, in which a host or external trigger indicates when to take each measurement.
Page 170 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Example Programs The following program can measure, buffer, and print 30 readings on one sensor: REAL Data(30)7 Example: OUTPUT 713;SWIFT GET BUFFER 30WAIT 0.5 ! wait for instrument configuration FOR I=1 to 30 Srq_flag=0 ! wait for ready condition TRIGGER 713 ! trigger measurement WHILE Srq_flag=0...
Page 171: Fast Modulated Mode
Remote Operation 3.17.5 Fast Modulated Mode This is a fast mode which permits more frequent return of measurement data to the host, during operation in the modulated measurement modes (MAP, PAP, or BAP). The commands which activate or deactivate this mode are based on the FMOD function code: Syntax: FMOD [ON or OFF] [ON or OFF] enables or disables the fast modulated mode.
Page 172: Measurement Mode Commands
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.18 Measurement Mode Commands 3.18.1 CW Mode Commands which specify the CW measurement mode are based on the CW function code: Syntax: CW [A or B] [AE or BE] specifies Sensor A or Sensor B. These commands can be used with any sensor (although it is superfluous in the case of a CW sensor).
Page 173: Pap Mode
Remote Operation 3.18.3 PAP Mode Commands which specify the pulse average power measurement mode are based on the PAP function code: Syntax: PAP [A or B] [A or B] specifies Sensor A or Sensor B. These commands will work only with a modulated sensor. Possible GPIB entry errors: 60/61 (uncali- brated or missing sensor A/B), 62/63 (not a modulated sensor, or two sensor operation active, A/B).
Page 174: Measurement Mode Query
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.18.6 Measurement Mode Query It is possible to query the 8650A over the bus to determine what measurement mode has been selected for a particular sensor. The 8650A will respond to a measurement mode query by returning one of the following strings to the controller: NO SENSOR UNCAL...
Page 175: Advanced Features
Remote Operation 3.19 Advanced Features 3.19.1 Burst Start Exclude Commands which cause the beginning of a burst to be excluded from measurement are based on the BSTE function code (this feature is available only in the BAP mode): Syntax: [AE or BE] BSTE [a] EN [AE or BE] prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B.
Page 176: Burst Dropout Tolerance
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.19.3 Burst Dropout Tolerance Commands which define a tolerated burst dropout time are based on the BTDP function code (this feature is available only in BAP mode): Syntax: [AE or BE] BTDP [a] EN [AE or BE] prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B. [a] specifies the dropout time in milliseconds with a range of 0 to 3.747, and a resolution of .01 ms.
Page 177: Offset Commands
Remote Operation Reading the Min/Max Values Min/Max values are read over the bus using simple commands consisting of one of two function codes: Syntax: [MIN or MAX] MIN specifies that the current minimum measured value should be sent. MAX specifies that the current maximum value should be sent. Examples: OUTPUT 713;MIN ! Send the minimum measured value...
Page 178 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Enabling/Disabling an Offset The commands which enable and disable the offset function are based on the function codes OF0 and OF1: Syntax: [AE or BE] [OF0 or OF1] [AE or BE] prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B. [OF0] deactivates the offset;...
Page 179: Measured Offset Entry
Remote Operation 3.19.6 Measured Offset Entry A measurement can be saved and used as an offset. The command format for this purpose is: Syntax: [AP, BP, AR, BR, AD, or BD] OS DO EN The command begins with a function code which describes the measurement that is to be stored as an offset value.
Page 180: Peak Hold
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.19.7 Peak Hold The Peak Hold feature causes the measured value to hold at the highest instantaneous power measured from the time the feature is enabled until it is reset (the measured value changes only when it is rising to a new maximum, or when it is reset).
Page 181: Peak Power Sensor Commands
Peak Power Sensor Commands Commands related to the peak power sensor are based on the function code PEAK. (For the sake of backward compatibility with earlier Giga-tronics power meter designs, the command PULSE is accepted as a substitute for PEAK).
Page 182 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters An offset to the trigger delay can be specified (in the CW mode, delay settings have no effect). The command format for setting the delay offset is: Syntax: PEAK [A or B] OFFSET [n] [A or B] specifies Sensor A or Sensor B. OFFSET indicates that a delay offset value is being set.
Page 183: Preset
Remote Operation 3.19.9 Preset The PR command resets the 8650A to it’s default settings, leaving the user settings intact as Previous Settings if they were different from the default settings. This command does not function while in the SWIFT, FMOD or CM modes. Alternatively, the IEEE 488.2 command *RST also resets the 8650A to it’s default settings, and functions in the SWIFT, FMOD and CM modes.
Page 184: Relative Measurements
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.19.10 Relative Measurements In the relative measurement mode, the 8650A saves the current measured power level as a reference. Subsequent measurements will be expressed relative to this reference level; the measurement units become dBr (for logarithmic measurement) or % (for linear measurement). ☛...
Page 185: Sensor Selection
Remote Operation 3.19.12 Sensor Selection Six simple commands (consisting of one of six function codes) specify how the sensors are used: Syntax: [AP BP AR BR AD BD] Examples: OUTPUT 713;AP ! Measure sensor A OUTPUT 713;BP ! Measure sensor B OUTPUT 713;AR ! Measure A divided by B OUTPUT 713;BR...
Page 186 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters OUTPUT 713;CS ! clear SRQ and status byte OUTPUT 713;*CLS ! clear SRQ and status byte (488.2) State = SPOLL(713) ! read status byte OUTPUT 713;*STB? ! ask for status byte (488.2) ENTER 713;State ! read status byte with 3 ASCII digit numbers OUTPUT 713;@1;CHR$(4) ! set service request mask to 4 OUTPUT 713;*SRE004...
Page 187 Remote Operation The Event Status Enable Register is set by sending the program code *ESE, followed by an ASCII 3 digit value (the value is determined by summing the weights of the bits to be checked). To read the current setting of the Event Status Register, send the command *ESE?.
Page 188: Table 3-17: Error Code Returned In Position Aa
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table 3-17: Error Code Returned in Position AA Error Code Message Notes All OK. Cannot zero sensor A. Ensure no RF power to sensor A Cannot zero sensor B. Ensure no RF power to sensor B Sensor A not connected to Calibrator.
Page 189: Table 3-18: Error Code Returned In Position Aa
Remote Operation Table 3-18: Error Code Returned in Position aa Error Message Notes Code All OK. Entered Cal Factor out of range. Enter value between 1.0% and 150.0% Entered Offset out of range. Enter value between -99.999 dB and +99.999 dB Entered average number out of range.
Page 190: Table 3-19: Other Codes In The Status Message
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table 3-19: Other Codes in the Status Message Position Significance Codes Operating Mode 00 = Sensor A 08 = Cal A 01 = Sensor B 09 = Cal B 02 = A/B 10 = Ext Cal A 03 = B/A 11 = Ext Cal B 04 = A-B 20 = Peak A delay...
Page 191: Setup
Remote Operation 3.19.14 Setup These commands allow you to recall stored configuration setups and to query the setups. Query a Stored Setup This command queries a setup configuration, where n is the stored setup ID# (1 to 20). It’s response is used in conjunction with it’s set form.
Page 192: Units
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Retrieving a Configuration The commands for recalling a configuration from a register are based on the RC function code: Syntax: RC [r] EN RC is the Recall function code. [r] identifies the register in which the instrument’s prior configuration has been saved and from which it is now to be retrieved.
Page 193 Remote Operation Enabling & Disabling V PROP PROP PROP PROP Commands related to the V F function are based on the function code V F. The command PROP PROP format, for purposes of activating or deactivating the V F feature, is as follows: PROP Syntax: VPROPF [A or B] STATE [ON or OFF]...
Page 194: Zeroing
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3.19.18 Zeroing The commands used for zeroing of a sensor are based on the function code ZE. The command format is: Syntax: [AE or BE] ZE [AE or BE] prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B. Examples: OUTPUT 713;AE ZE ! Zero sensor A...
Page 195: Histograms, Cdf And Ccdf
Remote Operation 3.19.19 Histograms, CDF and CCDF ☛ ☛ ☛ ☛ NOTE: These commands must be preceded by CH [n] EN command. These commands set up displays in graphical format for analyzing power measurements over a period of time. The displays are divided into Histograms, Cumulative Distribution Functions (CDF), and Complementary CDF, which are automatic functions of Histograms and displayed by pressing [Select Mode] from the respective menus.
Page 196: Strip Chart
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Histogram Query This command queries the current Histogram. Syntax: HIST? Examples: OUTPUT 713;HIST? ! Query the current histogram data ENTER 713;HIST ! Read response into variable HIST Data response received from 8650A via GPIB is approx. 48K bytes in the format: -77.00, Value; -76.95, Value;...
Page 197: Statistics
Remote Operation 3.19.21 Statistics The Statistics feature enables computation of mean and standard deviation over a period of time. Statistics Enable/Disable ☛ ☛ ☛ ☛ NOTE: These commands must be preceded by CH [n] EN command. This command enables or disables the statistic function. The active GPIB measurement line is used as the input and display.
Page 198 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3-124 Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 199: Performance Verification
Performance Verification Introduction This chapter defines procedures for performance verification of the Series 8650A Universal Power Meters. Refer to Appendix B of this manual for power sensor selection and calibration. Equipment Required Table 4-1 lists the equipment required for performance verification of the Series 8650A Power Meters. Table 4-1: Required Equipment List Description Representative Model...
Page 200: Calibrator Verification Procedure
The Calibrator Output power reference is factory adjusted to 1 mW ± 0.7%. To achieve this accuracy, Giga-tronics uses a precision measurement system with accuracy to ± 0.5% (traceable to the NIST - formerly the NBS), and allows for a transfer error of ± 0.2% for a total of ± 0.7%. If an equivalent measurement system is used for verification, the power reference oscillator output can be verified to 1 mW ±...
Page 201 Performance Verification 4. Set the 432A RANGE switch to COARSE ZERO, and adjust the front panel COARSE ZERO control to obtain a zero ( ± 2% F.S.) meter indication. ☛ ☛ ☛ ☛ NOTE: Ensure that the DVM input leads are isolated from chassis ground when performing the next step.
Page 202: Calibrator Frequency Check
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 4.3.2 Calibrator Frequency Check To measure the frequency of the calibrator: 1. Connect the frequency counter to the calibrator output connector. 2. Turn ON the calibrator according to the procedure given in Procedure Step 8 on the previous page.
Page 203: Performance Verification Tests
Performance Verification Performance Verification Tests Information in this section is useful for periodic evaluation of the 8650A and its power sensors. These tests can also be used for incoming inspection testing when the instrument is first received, if required. If the 8650A has not previously been used, review the precautions in Section 1.2.1 of the manual before the instrument is turned on.
Page 204: Instrument Plus Power Sensor Linearity
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 4.4.2 Instrument Plus Power Sensor Linearity Test Description Connect the test setup as shown in Figure 4-2. The linearity will be tested over the range +20 dBm to -60 dBm. At low power levels, the linearity measurement will include the uncertainty due to the zero set specification.
Page 205 Performance Verification Setup Parameters The following setup parameters should be accomplished prior to performing the Power Linearity test: 1. The 8650A and sensor should be calibrated (see Section 2.3.3. Refer also to the complete instructions on how to calibrate the sensor in Appendix B of this manual). 2.
Page 206: Gpib Port Check
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 4.4.3 GPIB Port Check The following steps confirm that the GPIB port is functional: 1. Set the 8650A to the desired address (the default is 13; see Section 2.2.2 for instructions on how to set the GPIB mode and address). 2.
Page 207 Performance Verification Series 8650A Performance Verification Test Data Sheet Date: Operator: Test Number: (If required) Series 8650A S/N: Power Sensor S/N: Calibrator Output Power Reference Minimum Actual Reading Maximum 0.981 mW 1.019 mW Linearity Data - (+16 dBm to +20 dBm) 8650A 8650A Linearity Error (%)
Page 208 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Linearity Data - (-60 dBm to +16 dBm) Linearity Error (%) Power 8650A 8650A Step Meter (DUT) Reference (DUT) Accumulated Linearity Linearity Attenuator Power Reading Reading Power Reading Specification Error Value Set Point Ratio Ratio 0 dB See Note 3 ±1%...
Page 209: Typical Applications Programs
Typical Applications Programs Typical Applications Programs Typical Applications Programs Typical Applications Programs Continuous Data Reading OUTPUT 713;TR3 ! set freerun mode Main: ENTER 713;Reading ! make reading PRINT Reading GO TO MAIN Remote Calibration of a Sensor OUTPUT 713;PR ! preset the instrument to a known state CH 1 EN ! selects line 1 for subsequent settings OUTPUT 713;LG...
Page 210: Speed Tests: Normal And Swift
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Speed Tests: Normal and Swift CSUB PROG 494 RE-STORE WSPEED ! SPEED TESTS FOR THE GIGA-TRONICS 8652A ! 2/7/01 Giga-tronics=713 DIM A(100) ,B(100) OUTPUT Giga-tronics;PR LG OC1 OUTPUT Giga-tronics;AE FM0 EN OUTPUT Giga-tronics;DU GIGA-TRONICS 8652A SPEED TESTS WAIT 1 OUTPUT Giga-tronics;DU UN-PLUG B SENSOR...
Page 211 Typical Applications Programs PRINT RETURN Timeloop2:! TWO CHANNELS IN SWIFT MODE T1=TIMEDATE FOR I=1 TO 100 ENTER Giga-tronics;A(I),B(I) NEXT I T2=TIMEDATE PRINT 100/(T2-T1);PER SECOND FOR BOTH CHANNELS RETURN Timeloop3:! T1=TIMEDATE FOR I=1 TO 100 OUTPUT Giga-tronics;AP ENTER Giga-tronics;A(I) OUTPUT Giga-tronics;BP ENTER Giga-tronics;B(I)
Page 212: Swift Demo 1: Freerun
Swift Demo 1: FREERUN ! RE-STORE SWIFT ! DEMO PROGRAM FOR 8650A SWIFT MODE ! 2/13/01 Giga-tronics=713 N=100 OPTION BASE 1 REAL Nums(100) OUTPUT Giga-tronics;PR LG OUTPUT Giga-tronics;SWIFT FREERUN WAIT .5 WINDOW 1 ,N,-70,20 Mainloop FOR I=1 TO N ENTER Giga-tronics;Nums(I) NEXT I...
Page 213: Swift Demo 2: Get
Swift Demo 2: GET ! RE-STORE SWIFT ! DEMO PROGRAM FOR 8650A SWIFT MODE ! 2/13/01 Giga-tronics=713 N=100 OPTION BASE 1 REAL Nums(100) OUTPUT Giga-tronics;PR LG OUTPUT Giga-tronics;SWIFT GET;N WAIT .5 WINDOW 1,N-70,20 Mainloop FOR I=1 TO N TRIGGER Giga-tronics NEXT I ENTER Giga-tronics;Nums(*)
Page 214: Fast Buffered Demo: Post Get
! RE-STORE FAST BUFFERED ! DEMO PROGRAM FOR 8650A FAST BUFFERED MODE ! 2/13/01 Giga-tronics=713 N=100 OPTION BASE 1 REAL Nums(100) OUTPUT Giga-tronics;PR LG OUTPUT Giga-tronics;FBUF POST GET BUFFER;N WAIT .5 WINDOW 1,N,-70,20 Mainloop Wait .05 TRIGGER Giga-tronics ENTER Giga-tronics;Nums(*) GCLEAR...
Page 215: Fast Buffered Demo: Post Ttl
OPTION BASE 1 REAL Nums(200) OUTPUT Giga-tronics;PR LG OUTPUT Giga-tronics;FBUF POST TTL BUFFER;N WAIT .5 WINDOW 1,N,-70,20 Mainloop ENTER Giga-tronics;Nums(*)! waits here until TTL trigger happens GCLEAR PEN 2 GRID N/10,10 PEN 1 MOVE 1,Nums(1) FOR I=1 TO N DRAW I,Nums(I)
Page 216 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 217: Power Sensors
High Power (1, 5, 25 and 50 Watt) and Low VSWR sensors are also available for use with the 8650A Power Meters. Table B-1 lists the Giga-tronics power sensors used with the 8650A. Refer to applicable notes on page B-6. See Figures B-1 or B-2 for modulation-induced measurement uncertainty.
Page 218: Power Sensor Selection Charts
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters B.2.1 Power Sensor Selection Charts Table B-1: Power Sensor Selection Guide CW Power Sensors Freq. Range/ Max. Power Linearity4 Model Power Range Power (Freq >8 GHz) Conn Length Dia. VSWR 200 mW Peak Power Sensors -70 to -20 dBm ±0.00 dB 80301A 10 MHz to 18 GHz...
Page 219 Power Sensors Peak Power Sensors Freq. Range/ Max. Power Linearity Model Power Range Power (Freq >8 GHz) Conn Length Dia. VSWR 200 mW Peak Power Sensors 80350A 45 MHz to 18 GHz +23 dBm -30 to -20 dBm ?0.00 dB Type N(m) 165 mm 37 mm...
Page 220 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters ≤40 KHz) Modulation Power Sensors (f Freq. Range/ Max. Power Linearity Model Model Model Model Power Range Power (Freq >8 GHz) Conn Length Length Length Length Dia. Dia. Dia. Dia. VSWR VSWR VSWR VSWR 200 mW Modulation Power Sensors -67 to -20 dBm ±0.00 dB 80401A 10 MHz to 18 GHz...
Page 221 Power Sensors ≤1.5 MHz) Modulation Power Sensors (f Freq. Range/ Max. Power Linearity Model Model Power Range Power (Freq >8 GHz) Conn Length Length Dia. Dia. VSWR VSWR Model Model Length Length Dia. Dia. VSWR VSWR 200 mW Modulation Power Sensor -67 to -20 dBm ±0.00 dB 80601A 10 MHz to 18 GHz...
Page 222: Table B-2: Power Sensor Cal Factor Uncertainties
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Table B-2: Power Sensor Cal Factor Uncertainties Freq. (GHz) Root Sum of Squares (RSS) Uncertainties (%) 80301A 80321A 80302A 80322A 80303A 80310A 80320A 80350A 80325A 80330A 80351A 80304A 80313A 80323A Lower Upper 80401A 80421A 80333A 80352A 80353A 80314A...
Page 223: Modulated Sensor Specifications
Power Sensors B.2.2 Modulated Sensor Specifications Table B-3 lists the specifications for Series 80401A, 80601A and 80701A modulation sensors. Series 80701A sensors require the installation of Option 12. Table B-3: Modulated Sensor Specifications Sensor Measurement Capabilities Signal Type Sensor Model 80401A 80601A 80701A...
Page 224: Figure B-1: 80401A Modulation-Related Uncertainty
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters MODULATION-INDUCED MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY FOR THE 80401A SENSOR MAXIMUM ERROR IN MODULATED AVERAGE NOTE MODE WITH TWO TONE MODULATION These curves are also representative of other 804XXA modulation sensors, which differ only in range. Pin > -10 dBm -20 dBm <Pin -10 dBm <...
Page 225: Figure B-2: 80601A Modulation-Related Uncertainty
Power Sensors MODULATION-INDUCED MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY FOR THE 80601A SENSOR MAXIMUM ERROR IN MODULATED AVERAGE NOTE MODE WITH TWO TONE MODULATION These curves are also representative of other 806XXA modulation sensors, which differ onlyin range. Pin > -10 dBm -20 dBm <Pin -10 dBm <...
Page 226: Figure B-3: 80701A Modulation-Related Uncertainty
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters MODULATION-INDUCED MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY FOR THE 80701A SENSOR MAXIMUM ERROR IN MODULATED AVERAGE NOTE MODE WITH TWO TONE MODULATION These curves are also representative of other 807XXA modulation sensors, which differ onlyin range. Pin > -10 dBm -20 dBm <Pin -10 dBm <...
Page 227: Directional Bridges
B.2.3 Directional Bridges The 80500 CW Directional Bridges are designed specifically for use with Giga-tronics power meters to measure the Return Loss/SWR of a test device. Each bridge includes an EEPROM which has been programmed with Identification Data for that bridge.
Page 228 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters B-12 Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 229: Introduction
Options Options Options Options Introduction The options described in this appendix are available for the Series 8650A: Part Field Option Description Number Installable Rack Mount Kit 21334 Rear Panel Sensor Input & Calibrator Output Connectors (8652A) 29864 Rear Panel Sensors Input & Calibrator Output Connectors (8652A) 29889 Soft Carry Case 21312...
Page 230: Option 05: Soft Carrying Case
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Option 05: Soft Carrying Case Option 05 is a padded, soft carrying case for the 8650A. Option 07: Side-mounted Carry Handle Option 07 is a side-mounted carrying handle for the 8650A. Option 08: Transit Case Option 08 is a transit case for the 8650A;...
Page 231: Menu Structure
Menu Structure Menu Structure Menu Structure Menu Structure Introduction This appendix pictorially describes the menu structure of the Series 8650A Universal Power Meters. Figure D-1 is a general layout of the menu tree; the diagrams in this appendix describe each menu in greater detail.
Page 232: Figure D-2: Peak Sensor Setup A Menu Structure
Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Figure D-2: Peak Sensor Setup A Menu Structure Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 233: Figure D-3: Modulation Sensor B Setup Menu Structure
Menu Structure Figure D-3: Modulation Sensor B Setup Menu Structure Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 234 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 11" x 17" landscape pages follow continuing Appendix D of the Series 8650A manual. Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...
Page 235: Index
Index Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Index Numerics Cal Factors 3-71 CAL/ZERO Hardkey Calculate Subsystem Commands Calibration 2-14, 3-72 80401A BAP Mode Limitations Calibration and Zeroing HPS w/ Removable Attenuators 80601A BAP Mode Limitations 2-23 80701A BAP Mode Limitations B-10 Calibration Routine 3-72 80701A Sensor Operation...
Page 236 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Activating or Deactivating a Duty Cycle 3-77 High Speed Measurements 3-27 Reading Duty Cycle Status 3-77 Measurement Level Notes 3-30 Specifying a Duty Cycle 3-77 Measurement Speeds 3-30 Operating Mode Control 3-27 Triggering Notes 3-30 Histogram Query 3-122 Histogram Range...
Page 237 Index Source 2-15 Store and Recall 2-13, 3-117 Line Voltage and Fuse Selection Strip Chart Linking Command Strings 3-10 Time Gate Mode Local and Remote Control VpropF Min/Max Configuration and Monitoring 2-15, 3-40 Min/Max Power Value 2-15, 3-102 Enabling the Min/Max Feature 3-102 Reading the Min/Max Values 3-103...
Page 238 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Power Sensors Channel Configuration 3-5, 3-23 80401A BAP Mode Limitations Error Messages 3-51 80601A BAP Mode Limitations GPIB Command Syntax 3-10 80701A BAP Mode Limitations B-10 Halting Operation 3-46 Cal Factor Uncertainties High Speed Measurements 3-27 Directional Bridges B-11...
Page 239 Index Status Byte Message 3-111 Status Message 3-113 Status Message Output Format 3-113 Status Byte Register 3-40 Variables 3-55 Status Message 3-113 F Feature 2-7, 3-118 prop Status Message Output Format 3-113 Configuring V 2-7, 3-119 Store a Setup 2-13, 3-117 prop Store and Recall 2-13, 3-46, 3-117...
Page 240 Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Index-6 Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001...

Giga-tronics 8650A Series Operation Manual

Introduction

Front Panel Operation

Remote Operation

Performance Verification

Typical Applications Programs

B

Power Sensors

500 D

Menu Structure

Index

Quick Links

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Questions and answers

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Summary of Contents for Giga-tronics 8650A Series