Areva MiCOM P441 Technical Manual
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Areva MiCOM P441 Technical Manual

Numerical distance protection
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Table of Contents

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MiCOM
P441/P442 & P444
Numerical Distance Protection
VC2.x
Technical Guide
P44x/EN T/E44

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Summary of Contents for Areva MiCOM P441

  • Page 1 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Numerical Distance Protection VC2.x Technical Guide P44x/EN T/E44...

  • Page 3: Safety Section

    Technical Guide P44x/EN T/E44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/2 Numerical Distance Protection MiCOM P44x GENERAL CONTENT Safety Section Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Addendum P44x/EN AD/E44 Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 Hardware Description P44x/EN HW/E33 Application Guide P44x/EN AP/E33 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 Installation P44x/EN IN/E33 Commissioning &...
  • Page 4 P44x/EN T/E44 Technical Guide Page 2/2 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...

  • Page 5: Safety Section

    Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 SAFETY SECTION...
  • Page 7 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Safety Section Page 1/10 STANDARD SAFETY STATEMENTS AND EXTERNAL LABEL INFORMATION FOR AREVA T&D EQUIPMENT INTRODUCTION HEALTH AND SAFETY SYMBOLS AND EXTERNAL LABELS ON THE EQUIPMENT Symbols: Labels INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL EQUIPMENT WHICH INCLUDES ELECTROMECHANICAL...
  • Page 8 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Page 2/10 Safety Section BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 9 Documentation for equipment ordered from AREVA T&D is despatched separately from manufactured goods and may not be received at the same time. Therefore this guide is provided to ensure that printed information which may be present on the equipment is fully understood by the recipient.
  • Page 10 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Page 4/10 Safety Section SYMBOLS AND EXTERNAL LABELS ON THE EQUIPMENT For safety reasons the following symbols and external labels, which may be used on the equipment or referred to in the equipment documentation, should be understood before the equipment is installed or commissioned.
  • Page 11 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Safety Section Page 5/10 INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING Equipment connections Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work for this equipment should be aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety. equipment documentation should consulted before installing, commissioning or servicing the equipment. Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may present a hazardous voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.
  • Page 12 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Page 6/10 Safety Section Equipment Use If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired. Removal of the equipment front panel/cover Removal of the equipment front panel/cover may expose hazardous live parts which must not be touched until the electrical power is removed.
  • Page 13 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Safety Section Page 7/10 External test blocks and test plugs Great care should be taken when using external test blocks and test plugs such as the MMLG, MMLB and MiCOM P990 types, hazardous voltages may be accessible when using these. *CT shorting links must be in place before the insertion or removal of MMLB test plugs, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.
  • Page 14 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Page 8/10 Safety Section TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFETY Protective fuse rating The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for equipments is 16A, high rupture capacity (HRC) Red Spot type NIT, or TIA, or equivalent, unless otherwise stated in the technical data section of the equipment documentation.
  • Page 15 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Safety Section Page 9/10 COMPLIANCE MARKING FOR APPLICABLE EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES The following European directives may be applicable to the equipment, if so it will carry the relevant marking(s) shown below: Compliance with relevant European Community directives: Marking Product safety: Compliance demonstrated by reference to safety Low Voltage Directive - 73/23/EEC standards.
  • Page 16 Pxxxx/EN SS/C11 Page 10/10 Safety Section RECOGNIZED AND LISTED MARKS FOR NORTH AMERICA CSA - Canadian Standards Association - Underwriters Laboratory of America If applicable, the following marks will be present on the equipment: – UL Recognized to UL (USA) requirements –...

  • Page 17: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 UPDATE DOCUMENTATION VERSION C2.X...

  • Page 19: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 1/82 P44X UPDATE DOCUMENTATION In the firmware version C2.x of P441, P442 & P444, several changes in hardware & software on existing features have been added. These are described with reference to the...

  • Page 20: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 2/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Document Ref. Section Page No. Description 4.3.5 32/44 New page make up & I>3 comment & SOTF settings with 13 bits 33/44 Tripping Logic: Comments about General trip equation & Timers initiated with the start...

  • Page 21: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 3/82 Document Ref. Section Page No. Description New Elements: Miscellaneous 9.8.1 Hot Keys – Control Input 9.8.2 Dual Optos New Elements: PSL features 9.9.1 DDB Cells 9.9.2 New Tools in S1 and PSL 9.9.3...

  • Page 22: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 4/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...

  • Page 23: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 5/82 P44X/ EN IT/ E33 : INTRODUCTION...

  • Page 25: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 7/82 INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM GUIDES …/… P44x/EN AP Application Notes Comprehensive and detailed description of the features of the relay including both the protection elements and the relay’s other functions such as event and disturbance recording, fault location and programmable scheme logic.

  • Page 26: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 8/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 USER INTERFACES AND MENU STRUCTURE 3.1.1 New Front panel New design of front pane (2 additive Hotkeys) used since version C2.X. * , V Ratings Serial N o and...

  • Page 27: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 9/82 3.1.2 Relay rear panel The rear panel of the relay is shown in Figure 2. All current and voltage signals, digital logic input signals and output contacts are connected at the rear of the relay. Also connected at...

  • Page 28: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 10/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 3.6.3.2 Control inputs – user assignable functions The number of control inputs (user assignable functions – USR ASS) represented in the hotkey menu is user configurable in the “CTRL I/P CONFIG” column. The chosen inputs can be SET/RESET using the hotkey menu.

  • Page 29: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 11/82 Second rear Communication Port “K-Bus Application” example Master 2 Master 1 Note: 1 RP could be any chosen protocol, 2 RP is always Courier To SCADA R.T.U. modem modem...

  • Page 30: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 12/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 “EIA(RS)232 Application” example Master 2 Master 1 Note: 1 RP could be any chosen protocol, 2 RP is always Courier To SCADA R.T.U. modem modem EIA232 EIA232 EIA232 EIA485...

  • Page 31: P44X/En Ad/E44

    15m. However, this may be extended by introducing suitable EIA(RS)232 to fibre optic convertors, such as the AREVA T&D CILI203. Depending upon the type of convertor and fibre used, direct communication over a few kilometres can easily be achieved.

  • Page 32: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 14/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 3.10.4 Settings The settings necessary for the implementation of InterMiCOM are contained within two columns of the relay menu structure. The first column entitled “INTERMICOM COMMS” contains all the information to configure the communication channel and also contains the channel statistics and diagnostic facilities.

  • Page 33: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 15/82 P44X/ EN HW/ E33 : RELAY DESCRIPTION...

  • Page 35: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 17/82 RELAY SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.1.5 Input and output boards P441 P442 P444 Opto-inputs 8 x UNI 16 x UNI 24 x UNI Relay outputs 6 N/O 9 N/O 24 N/O...

  • Page 36: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 18/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 HARDWARE MODULES Processor board The relay is based around a TMS320VC33-150MHz (peak speed) floating point, 32-bit digital signal processor (DSP) operating at a clock frequency of 75MHz., Co-processor board A second processor board is used in the relay for the processing of the distance protection algorithms.

  • Page 37: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 19/82 This lower value eliminates fleeting pickups that may occur during a battery earth fault, when stray capacitance may present up to 50% of battery voltage across an input. Each input also has selectable filtering which can be utilised. This allows use of a pre-set filter of ½...

  • Page 38: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 20/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Platform software To provide the internal interface between the settings database and each of the relay’s user interfaces, i.e. the front panel interface and the front and rear communication ports, using whichever communication protocol has been specified (Courier, Modbus, IEC60870-5-103;...

  • Page 39: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 21/82 DISTANCE ALGORITHMS The "Deltas" algorithms have priority over the "Conventional" algorithms if they have been started first. The latter are actuated only if "Deltas" algorithms have not been able to clear the fault within two cycles of its detection.

  • Page 40: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 22/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Tripping Logic …/… There are five time delays associated with the six zones present. Zone 1 and extended zone 1 have the same time delay. See general trip equation in §2.5 from AP chapter...

  • Page 41: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 23/82 4.7.2 Line in one pole open condition (during single-pole trip) In this case, the power swing only occurs on two phases. A power swing is detected if: • At least one phase-phase impedance is within the start-up zone after having crossed the power swing band in more than 5ms.

  • Page 42: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 24/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 DEF Protection Against High Resistance Ground Faults …/…. • In backup-operating mode SBEF (Stand-By Earth Fault), an inverse/definite time ground overcurrent element with 4 stages is selectable. A communication channel is not used-OR- azero sequence power (since version B1.x) with IDMT Time Delay...

  • Page 43: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 25/82 APPLICATION GUIDE (P44X/EN AP/E33)

  • Page 45: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 27/82 INTRODUCTION 1.2.1 Protection Features • 27: Undervoltage Protection - Two stage, configurable as either phase to phase or phase to neutral measuring. Stage 1 may be selected as either IDMT or DT and stage 2 is DT only.

  • Page 46: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 28/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Configuration column The following table shows the Configuration column:- Menu text Default setting Available settings CONFIGURATION Restore Defaults No Operation No Operation All Settings...

  • Page 47: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 29/82 Menu text Default setting Available settings Measure’t Setup Invisible Invisible or Visible Comms Settings Visible Invisible or Visible Commission Tests Visible Invisible or Visible Setting Values Primary Primary or Secondary...

  • Page 48: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 30/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 2.7.1 Settings table: • Remark: New settings from C1.x dealing with the tilt and the evolving forward zone detection to zone1 (to avoid a Z1 detection in case of impedance locus getting out...

  • Page 49: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 31/82 2.9.3 Weak Infeed Features : 2.9.3.3 PAP – Weak infeed for RTE application (PAP= Protection Antenne Passive) That specific request from RTE is an exclusive choice with the export Weak infeed logic:...

  • Page 50: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation Page 32/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 That flat delta criteria (Enabled by S1) will improve the detection of a 3 Phase fault during a power swing (in case of faulty current lower than the Imax line threshold settable in S1) –...

  • Page 51: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 33/82 • What are the settings and logic used in MiCOM S1 ? : The settings are located with the Power-Swing function : And a dedicated PSL must be created by the user if such logic must be activated in the relay.

  • Page 52: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 34/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Outputs for stable swing : DDB N°351 : The first stable swing cycle has been detected (Zlocus in/out with the same R sign) & the « Stable Swing start » picks-up DDBN°353 : The number of cycles settable by S1 has been reached &...

  • Page 53: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 35/82 The following table shows the relay menu for the Earth Fault protection, including the available setting ranges and factory defaults. Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size GROUP 1 EARTH FAULT O/C IN>1 Function...

  • Page 54: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 36/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 2.18.3 Aided DEF protection schemes The option of using separate channels for DEF aided tripping, and distance protection schemes, is offered in the P441, P442 and P444 relays. Since C1.0 a better sensitivity has been created by using a settable threshold for the residual current in case of reverse fault for creating quicker blocking scheme logic.

  • Page 55: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 37/82 APPLICATION OF NON-PROTECTION FUNCTIONS 4.4.5.1 These following DDB cells MCB/VTS Bus MCB/VTS Line Are managed dynamically since version C1.1 (regarding where the main VT are located :bus side or line side – then the Csync ref is assigned to the other VT which is managed as the Csync ref) 4.5.1...

  • Page 56: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 38/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size GROUP 1 AUTORECLOSE AUTORECLOSE MODE AUTORECLOSE LOCKOUT Bit 0: Block at tZ2 Bit 1: Block at tZ3, Bit 2: Block at tZp Bit 3: Block for LoL Trip, Bit 4: Block for I2>...

  • Page 57: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 39/82 NEW ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS – VERSION B1.X 5.1.1 ZSP Function Description: Logical scheme corrected with Ta as RTE request: Zsp Timer Block Déclenchement Triphasé Ir(t) > Ir Ir(t) & Zsp Trip Sr(t) >...

  • Page 58: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 40/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 PROGRAMMABLE SCHEME LOGIC DEFAULT SETTINGS HOW TO USE PSL Editor? : Software Version Model N° A2.11 A3.3 06A – 06B A4.8 07A – 07B B1.6 C1.1 020G – 020H C2.6...

  • Page 59: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 41/82 DDB DESCRIPTION FOR ALL TYPES P441/P442 & P444 RELAYS Using model 07 in version A4.8 Using model 09 in version B1.2 Using model 20 in version C1.1 Using model 30 in version C2.6...

  • Page 60: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 42/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 NEW ADDITIONNAL FUNCTIONS – VERSION C2.X (MODEL 030G/H/J) Hardware new features: − Integration of the new CPU board at 150 MHz − Optional fast static outputs (selected by Cortec code) −...

  • Page 61: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 43/82 − Addition of a tilt characteristic for zone 2 and zone P (common setting for phase-to- ground and phase-to-phase/Z2 and Zp). Settable between ± 45° − New DDB: New Function Description: OUT OF STEP & STABLE SWING improved An out of step function has been integrated in the firmware.That logic manage the start of the...

  • Page 62: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 44/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 − New DDB : Function Improved: DEF Some improvements have been integrated in DEF function (see HW section 4.9 and AP section 2.18.3) New settings are: New Function Description: SBEF with IN>3 &IN>4 Two new thresholds of IN have been added (see AP section 2.17)

  • Page 63: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 45/82 New Function Description: THERMAL OVERLOAD A NEW THERMAL OVERLOAD (with 2 time constant) function has been created as in the other transmission protection of the MiCOM Range, which offer alarm & trip (see section 1.2.1)

  • Page 64: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 46/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 9.6.1 Single time constant characteristic This characteristic is the recommended typical setting for line and cable protection. The thermal time characteristic is given by: - Ι exp(-t/τ) (Ι - (k.Ι...

  • Page 65: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 47/82 The thermal protection also provides an indication of the thermal state in the measurement column of the relay. The thermal state can be reset by either an opto input (if assigned to this function using the programmable scheme logic) or the relay menu, for example to reset after injection testing.

  • Page 66: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 48/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 New Function Description: PAP (RTE feature) That new function is based on a RTE specification with a dedicated application equivalent to a customised weak infeed. The settings are above:...

  • Page 67: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 49/82 The 2 Hotkeys in the front panel (see also IT Chapter 3.1.1 & 3.6.3.3) can perform a direct command if a dedicated PSL has been previously created using “CONTROL INPUT” cell. In...

  • Page 68: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 50/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 The labels of the control inputs can be fulfilled by the user (text label customised)

  • Page 69: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 51/82 The digits in this table allow to provide filtering on selected DDB cells (changed from 1 to 0), to avoid the transfer of these special cells to a remote station connected to the relay with IEC...

  • Page 70: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 52/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 9.8.2 Optos : Dual hysteresis and filter removed or not The MiCOM P44x is fitted with universal opto isolated logic inputs that can be programmed for the nominal battery voltage of the circuit of which they are a part i.e. thereby allowing different voltages for different circuits e.g.

  • Page 71: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 53/82 New Elements : PSL features 9.9.1 DDB Cells: New DDB cells have been added – See the GC chapter INPUTS DDB: OUTPUTS DDB:...

  • Page 72: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 54/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 9.9.2 New Tools in S1 & PSL: Toolbar and Commands Standard tools Blank Scheme Create a blank scheme based on a relay model. Default Configuration Create a default scheme based on a relay model.

  • Page 73: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 55/82 Zoom and pan tools Zoom In Increases the Zoom magnification by 25%. Zoom Out Decreases the Zoom magnification by 25%. Zoom Enable the zoom function. While this button is active, the mouse pointer is displayed as a magnifying glass.

  • Page 74: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 56/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Integral Tripping in Create an input signal to logic that receives an InterMiCOM message transmitted from another IED. Integral Tripping out Create an output signal from logic that transmits an InterMiCOM message to another IED.

  • Page 75: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 57/82 Alignment tools Align Top Align all selected components so the top of each is level with the others. Align Middle Align all selected components so the middle of each is level with the others.

  • Page 76: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 58/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Text When selected, move the mouse pointer to where you want the text to begin and click the left mouse button. To change the font, size or colour, or text attributes select Properties from the right mouse button menu.

  • Page 77: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 59/82 Structure tools The structure toolbar enables you to change the stacking order of components. Bring to Front Bring the selected components in front of all other components. Send to Back Bring the selected components behind all other components.

  • Page 78: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 60/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Menu and Toolbar The menu functions The main functions available within the Px40 GOOSE Editor menu are: • File • Edit • View • Device File menu Open… Displays the Open file dialogue box, enabling you to locate and open an existing GOOSE configuration file.

  • Page 79: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 61/82 Edit menu Rename… Rename the selected IED. New Enrolled IED… Add a new IED to the GOOSE configuration. New Virtual Input… Add a new Virtual Input to the GOOSE In mapping configuration.

  • Page 80: P44X/En Ad/E44

    P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 62/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 View menu Toolbar Show/hide the toolbar. Status Bar Show/hide the status bar. Properties… Show associated properties for the selected item. Device menu Open Connection Display the Establish Connection dialog, enabling you to send and receive data from the connected relay.

  • Page 81: P44X/En Ad/E44

    Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 63/82 Send to Relay Send the open GOOSE configuration file to the connected relay. Receive from Relay Extract the current GOOSE configuration from the connected relay. Communications Setup Displays the Local Communication Settings dialogue box, enabling you to select or configure the communication settings.
  • Page 82 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 64/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 9.9.3.1 Configure GOOSE settings The GOOSE Scheme Logic editor is used to enrol devices and also to provide support for mapping the Digital Data Bus signals (from the Programmable Scheme Logic) onto the UCA2.0 GOOSE bit-pairs.
  • Page 83 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 65/82 The following gate types are supported within the GOOSE Scheme Logic: Gate Type Operation The GOOSE Virtual Input will only be logic 1 (i.e. ON) when all bit- pairs match the desired state.
  • Page 84 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 66/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Bit-Pair Value Represents A transitional or unknown state A logical 0 or OFF state A logical 1 or ON state An invalid state The PACT common class splits the contents of a UCA2.0 GOOSE message into two main parts;...
  • Page 85 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 67/82 Save IED GOOSE setting files Select Save or Save As from the File menu. Print IED GOOSE setting files Select Print from the File menu. The Print Options dialogue is displayed allowing formatting of the printed file to be configured.
  • Page 86 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 68/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 In each mode, the decision to send a command is made by a local protective relay operation, and three generic types of InterMiCOM signal are available: Intertripping In intertripping (direct or transfer tripping applications), the command is not supervised at the receiving end by any protection relay and simply causes CB operation.
  • Page 87 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 69/82 9.10.2.3 Communications Media InterMiCOM is capable of transferring up to 8 commands over one communication channel. Due to recent expansions in communication networks, most signalling channels are now digital schemes utilising multiplexed fibre optics and for this reason, InterMiCOM provides a standard EIA(RS)232 output using digital signalling techniques.
  • Page 88 15m. However, this may be extended by introducing suitable EIA(RS)232 to fiber optic convertors, such as the AREVA T&D CILI203. Depending upon the type of convertor and fiber used, direct communication over a few kilometres can easily be achieved.
  • Page 89 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 71/82 9.10.2.7 Modem Connection For long distance communication, modems may be used in which the case the following connections should be made. Px40 Relay with Px40 Relay with InterMiCOM InterMiCOM...
  • Page 90 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 72/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 9.10.4 InterMiCOM Settings The settings necessary for the implementation of InterMiCOM are contained within two columns of the relay menu structure. The first column entitled “INTERMICOM COMMS” contains all the information to configure the communication channel and also contains the channel statistics and diagnostic facilities.
  • Page 91 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 73/82 Menu Text Default Setting Setting Range Step Size INTERMICOM CONF IM Msg Alarm Lvl 100% IM1 Cmd Type Blocking Disabled/ Blocking/ Direct IM1 Fallback Mode Default Default/ Latched IM1 DefaultValue...
  • Page 92 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 74/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 9.10.4.1 Setting Guidelines The settings required for the InterMiCOM signalling are largely dependant upon whether a direct or indirect (modem/multiplexed) connection between the scheme ends is used. Direct connections will either be short metallic or dedicated fiber optic based and hence can be set to have the highest signalling speed of 19200b/s.
  • Page 93 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 75/82 NOTA: No recommended setting is given for the Permissive mode since it is anticipated that “Latched” operation will be selected. However, if “Default mode” is selected, the “IM# FrameSyncTim” setting should be set greater than the minimum settings listed above.
  • Page 94 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 76/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Once the relay operation has been confirmed using the loopback test facilities, it will be necessary to ensure that the communications between the two relays in the scheme are reliable.
  • Page 95 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 77/82 9.10.5.2 InterMiCOM Statistics & Diagnostics Once the relay operation has been confirmed using the loopback test facilities, it will be necessary to ensure that the communications between the two relays in the scheme are reliable.
  • Page 96 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 78/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 97 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 79/82 TECHNICAL DATA (P44X/EN TD/E33)
  • Page 99 Update Documentation P44x/EN AD/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 81/82 Protection accuracy Earth Fault Measuring Element (I >1 I >2 I >3 I >4) Thermal Overload Accuracy Calculated trip time ±10%* Pick-up Thermal alarm Calculated trip time ±10%* Thermal overload ±15% of theoretical...
  • Page 100 P44x/EN AD/E44 Update Documentation Page 82/82 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 101 Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 INTRODUCTION...

  • Page 103: Table Of Contents

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/24 CONTENT INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM GUIDES USER INTERFACES AND MENU STRUCTURE Introduction to the relay 3.1.1 Front panel 3.1.2 Relay rear panel Introduction to the user interfaces and settings options Menu structure 3.3.1...
  • Page 104 P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 2/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...

  • Page 105: Introduction To Micom

    Page 3/24 INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM MiCOM is a comprehensive solution capable of meeting all electricity supply requirements. It comprises a range of components, systems and services from AREVA T&D Protection and Control. Central to the MiCOM concept is flexibility. MiCOM provides the ability to define an application solution and, through extensive communication capabilities, to integrate it with your power supply control system.

  • Page 106: Introduction To Micom Guides

    P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 4/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM GUIDES The guides provide a functional and technical description of the MiCOM protection relay and a comprehensive set of instructions for the relay’s use and application. The technical manual include the previous technical documentation, as follows: Technical Guide, includes information on the application of the relay and a technical description of its features.

  • Page 107: User Interfaces And Menu Structure

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/24 USER INTERFACES AND MENU STRUCTURE The settings and functions of the MiCOM protection relay can be accessed both from the front panel keypad and LCD, and via the front and rear communication ports. Information on each of these methods is given in this section to describe how to get started using the relay.

  • Page 108: Relay Rear Panel

    P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 6/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The front panel of the relay includes the following, as indicated in figure 1: • a 16-character by 2-line alphanumeric liquid crystal display (LCD). • a 7-key keypad comprising 4 arrow keys ( !, ", # and $), an enter key (%), a clear key (!), and a read key (&).
  • Page 109 Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/24 Digital output (relays) connections (Terminal blocks B & E) Power supply connection (Terminal block F) Rear comms port (RS485) Current and voltage Digital input input terminals (Terminal block C) connections (Terminal block D)
  • Page 110 P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 8/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Power supply Programmable Optional connection digital outputs (relays) connections IRIG-B board (Terminal block N) (Terminal blocks J, K, L & M) IRIG-B Optional fibre 1A/5A Programmable Rear comms port optic connection...

  • Page 111: Introduction To The User Interfaces And Settings Options

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 9/24 Introduction to the user interfaces and settings options The relay has three user interfaces: • the front panel user interface via the LCD and keypad. • the front port which supports Courier communication.

  • Page 112: Menu Structure

    P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 10/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Menu structure The relay’s menu is arranged in a tabular structure. Each setting in the menu is referred to as a cell, and each cell in the menu may be accessed by reference to a row and column address.

  • Page 113: Protection Settings

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 11/24 3.3.1 Protection settings The protection settings include the following items: • protection element settings • scheme logic settings ∗ • auto-reclose and check synchronisation settings (where appropriate)* • fault locator settings (where appropriate)* There are four groups of protection settings, with each group containing the same setting cells.

  • Page 114: Password Protection

    If the passwords are lost an emergency password can be supplied - contact AREVA with the relay’s serial number. The current level of access enabled for an interface can be determined by examining the 'Access level' cell in the 'System data' column, the access level for the front panel User Interface (UI), can also be found as one of the default display options.

  • Page 115: Front Panel User Interface (Keypad And Lcd)

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 13/24 To restore the default values to the settings in any protection settings group, set the ‘Restore defaults’ cell to the relevant group number. Alternatively it is possible to set the ‘Restore defaults’...

  • Page 116: Default Display And Menu Time-Out

    P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 14/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 3.6.1 Default display and menu time-out The front panel menu has a selectable default display. The relay will time-out and return to the default display and turn the LCD backlight off after 15 minutes of keypad inactivity. If this happens any setting changes which have not been confirmed will be lost and the original setting values maintained.

  • Page 117: Reading And Clearing Of Alarm Messages And Fault Records

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 15/24 3.6.4 Reading and clearing of alarm messages and fault records The presence of one or more alarm messages will be indicated by the default display and by the yellow alarm LED flashing. The alarm messages can either be self-resetting or latched, in which case they must be cleared manually.

  • Page 118: Front Communication Port User Interface

    PC locally to the relay (up to 15m distance) as shown in figure 5. This port supports the Courier communication protocol only. Courier is the communication language developed by AREVA T&D Protection & Control to allow communication with its range of protection relays. The front port is particularly designed for use with the relay settings program MiCOM S1 which is a Windows 95/NT based software package.
  • Page 119 Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 17/24 None of the other pins are connected in the relay. The relay should be connected to the serial port of a PC, usually called COM1 or COM2. PCs are normally Data Terminal...

  • Page 120: Rear Communication Port User Interface

    To use the rear port to communicate with a PC-based master station using Courier, a KITZ K-Bus to EIA(RS)232 protocol converter is required. This unit is available from AREVA T&D Energy Automation & Information. A typical connection arrangement is shown in figure 7. For more detailed information on other possible connection arrangements refer to the manual for the Courier master station software and the manual for the KITZ protocol converter.
  • Page 121 Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 19/24 Twisted pair 'K-Bus' RS485 communications link MiCOM relay MiCOM relay MiCOM relay RS232 K-Bus KITZ protocol PC serial port converter Modem Courier master station Public switched eg. substation control room telephone network...

  • Page 122: Modbus Communication

    P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 20/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Move down the ‘Communications’ column from the column heading to the first cell down which indicates the communication protocol: Protocol Courier The next cell down the column controls the address of the relay:...

  • Page 123: Iec 60870-5 Cs 103 Communication

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 21/24 The next cell down controls the inactivity timer: Inactivity timer 10.00 mins The inactivity timer controls how long the relay will wait without receiving any messages on the rear port before it reverts to its default state, including revoking any password access that was enabled.

  • Page 124: Dnp 3.0 Communication

    P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 22/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The next cell down the column controls the baud rate to be used: Baud rate 9600 bits/s IEC 60870-5-103 communication is asynchronous. Two baud rates are supported by the relay, ‘9600 bits/s’ and ‘19200 bits/s’. It is important that whatever baud rate is selected on the relay is the same as that set on the IEC 60870-5-103 master station.

  • Page 125: Second Rear Communication Port

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 23/24 The next cell down the column controls the baud rate to be used: Baud rate 9600 bits/s DNP 3.0 communication is asynchronous. Six baud rates are supported by the relay ‘1200bits/s’, ‘2400bits/s’, ‘4800bits/s’, ’9600bits/s’, ‘19200bits/s’ and ‘38400bits/s’.

  • Page 126: Micom P441/P442 & P444

    P44x/EN IT/E33 Introduction Page 24/24 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The choice is either IEC60870 FT1.2 for normal operation with 11-bit modems, or 10-bit no parity. The next cell down controls the comms port address. RP2 Address Since up to 32 relays can be connected to one K-bus spur, as indicated in figure 7, it is necessary for each relay to have a unique address so that messages from the master control station are accepted by one relay only.
  • Page 127 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 RELAY DESCRIPTION...
  • Page 129 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/44 CONTENT RELAY SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hardware overview 1.1.1 Power supply module 1.1.2 Main processor board 1.1.3 Co-processor board 1.1.4 Input module 1.1.5 Input and output boards 1.1.6 IRIG-B board (P442 and P444 only) Software overview 1.2.1...
  • Page 130 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 2/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Protection and control software 3.4.1 Overview - protection and control scheduling 3.4.2 Signal processing 3.4.3 Programmable scheme logic 3.4.4 Event and Fault Recording 3.4.5 Disturbance recorder 3.4.6 Fault locator DISTANCE ALGORITHMS Distance and Resistance Measurement 4.1.1...
  • Page 131 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 3/44 DEF Protection Against High Resistance Ground Faults 4.9.1 High Resistance Ground Fault Detection 4.9.2 Directional determination 4.9.3 Phase selection 4.9.4 Tripping Logic 4.9.5 SBEF – Stand-By earth fault (not communication-aided) SELF TESTING &...
  • Page 132 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 4/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...

  • Page 133: Relay System Overview

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/44 RELAY SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hardware overview The relay hardware is based on a modular design whereby the relay is made up of several modules which are drawn from a standard range. Some modules are essential while others are optional depending on the user’s requirements.
  • Page 134 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 6/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Present values CPU code & data, Alarm, event, fault, Default settings & of all setting disturbance & parameters, language text, settings database data maintenance record software code Battery Flash SRAM E²PROM...

  • Page 135: Software Overview

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/44 Software overview The software for the relay can be conceptually split into four elements: the real-time operating system, the system services software, the platform software and the protection and control software. These four elements are not distinguishable to the user, and are all processed by the same processor board.

  • Page 136: Hardware Modules

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 8/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 HARDWARE MODULES The relay is based on a modular hardware design where each module performs a separate function within the relay operation. This section describes the functional operation of the various hardware modules.

  • Page 137: Input Module

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 9/44 Input module The input module provides the interface between the relay processor board and the analogue and digital signals coming into the relay. The input module consist of two PCBs;...

  • Page 138: Transformer Board

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 10/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Up to 5 current inputs 3/4 voltage inputs Transformer board Input board 16:1 Multiplexer Parallel bus P3027ENa FIGURE 2 - MAIN INPUT BOARD The other function of the input board is to read the state of the signals present on the digital inputs and present this to the parallel data bus for processing.

  • Page 139: Power Supply Board (Including Rs485 Communication Interface)

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 11/44 2.5.1 Power supply board (including RS485 communication interface) One of three different configurations of the power supply board can be fitted to the relay. This will be specified at the time of order and depends on the nature of the supply voltage that will be connected to the relay.

  • Page 140: Mechanical Layout

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 12/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 SK4 : The InterMiCOM board (available with next version C1.0) is used to connect to an EIA(RS)232 link, allowing up to eight programmable signalling bits to be transferred from/to the remote line end relay. A suitable EIA(RS)232 link must exist between the two line ends, for example a MODEM, or via a compatible multiplexer (check compatibility before ordering the relay).

  • Page 141: Relay Software

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 13/44 RELAY SOFTWARE The relay software was introduced in the overview of the relay at the start of this chapter. The software can be considered to be made up of four sections: •...

  • Page 142: Platform Software

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 14/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Platform software The platform software has three main functions: • to control the logging of records that are generated by the protection software, including alarms and event, fault, and maintenance records.
  • Page 143 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 15/44 3.4.1 Overview - protection and control scheduling After initialisation at start-up, the protection and control task is suspended until there are sufficient samples available for it to process. The acquisition of samples is controlled by a ‘sampling function’...
  • Page 144 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 16/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 3.4.3 Programmable scheme logic The purpose of the programmable scheme logic (PSL) is to allow the relay user to configure an individual protection scheme to suit their own particular application. This is achieved through the use of programmable logic gates and delay timers.
  • Page 145 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 17/44 DISTANCE ALGORITHMS The operation is based on the combined use of two types of algorithms: • "Deltas" algorithms using the superimposed current and voltage values that are characteristic of a fault.
  • Page 146 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 18/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The following describes how to solve the above equation (determination of D fault distance and R fault resistance). The line model used will be the 3×3 matrix of the line impedance (resistive and inductive) of the three phases, and mutual values between phases.
  • Page 147 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 19/44 4.1.1 Phase-to-earth loop impedance / (1+k X / Phase Fault Fault R / Phase Fault Location of Distance Relay P3031ENa FIGURE 6 - PHASE-TO-EARTH LOOP IMPEDANCE The impedance model for the phase-to-earth loop is : VαN = Z1 x Dfault x (Iα...
  • Page 148 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 20/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 ) + R α α fault fault fault –Z ) + R α α fault fault fault –R + j.(X –X = (R +j.X ) + R α α 3.(R...
  • Page 149 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 21/44 αβ The model for the current Ifault circulating in the fault I = 2Z fault fault fault = 2Z fault fault fault = 2Z fault fault fault = 3 phase-to-phase loops are continuously monitored and computed for each sample.
  • Page 150 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 22/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Relay Relay F (prefault voltage) = Voltage at Relay Location Current at Relay Location Unfaulted Network (steady state prefault conditions) Relay Relay Voltage at Relay Location Current at Relay Location...
  • Page 151 4.2.2 Detecting a Transition In order to detect a transition, the MiCOM P441, P442 and P444 compares sampled current and voltage values at the instant "t" with the values predicted from those stored in the memory one period and two periods earlier.
  • Page 152 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 24/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Example: isolated AC fault...
  • Page 153 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 25/44...
  • Page 154 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 26/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.2.3 Confirmation In order to eliminate the transitions generated by possible operations or by high frequencies, the transition detected over a succession of three sampled values is confirmed by checking for at least one loop for which the two following conditions are met: •...
  • Page 155 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 27/44 4.2.5 Phase Selection Phase selection is made on the basis of a comparison between the transition values for the derivatives of currents IA, IB and IC: ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆...

  • Page 156: Conventional" Algorithms

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 28/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Confirmation Phase selection Start Directional decision P3036ENa FIGURE 11 - DELTAS ALGORITHMS High speed algorithms are used only during the first 2 cycles following a fault detection. "Conventional" Algorithms These algorithms do not use the superimposed values but use the impedance values measured under fault conditions.

  • Page 157: Convergence Analysis

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 29/44 4.3.1 Convergence Analysis This analysis is based on the measurements of distance and resistance of the fault. These measurements are taken on each single-phase and two-phase loops. They determine the convergence of these loops within a parallelogram-shaped, start-up characteristic.

  • Page 158: Phase Selection

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 30/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.3.3 Phase Selection If the fault currents are high enough with respect to the maximum load currents current- based phase selection is used; if not, impedance-based phase selection is required.

  • Page 159: Directional Decision

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 31/44 Following are the different phase selections: • SAN = T x RAN x single-phase A to ground fault • SBN = T x RBN x single-phase B to ground fault •...

  • Page 160: Faulted Zone Decision

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 32/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Single-phase fault The reference voltage is stored in memory when the fault appears. When the fault is eliminated by single-phase tripping, the high-speed single-phase auto-reclose (HSAR) is started. If a fault appears less than three cycles after the AR starts, the stored voltage value remains valid as the reference and is used to calculate direction.

  • Page 161: Tripping Logic

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 33/44 P3028ENa FIGURE 13 - PHASE-TO-EARTH LOOP IMPEDANCE Tripping Logic Three tripping modes can be selected (in MiCOM S1: Distance Scheme\Trip Mode): One-pole trip at T1 (if “1P. Z1 & CR” is set): Single-phase trip for fault in zone 1 at T1 and Pilot Aided trip at T1.

  • Page 162: Fault Locator

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 34/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Fault Locator The relay has an integral fault locator that uses information from the current and voltage inputs to provide a distance to fault measurement. The fault locator measures the distance by applying the same distance calculation principle as that used for the fault-clearing, distance-measurement algorithm.

  • Page 163: Selecting The Fault Location Data

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 35/44 With: ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ Ifault= I' - I") ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ 4.6.1 Selecting the fault location data Selection of the analogue data that is used depends on •...

  • Page 164: Power Swing Detection

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 36/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Power swing detection Power swings are caused by a lack of stability in the network with sudden load fluctuations. A power swing may cause the two sources connected by the protected line to go out of step (loose synchronism) with each other.

  • Page 165: Line In One Pole Open Condition (During Single-Pole Trip)

    Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 37/44 4.7.2 Line in one pole open condition (during single-pole trip) In this case, the power swing only occurs on two phases. A power swing is detected if: • At least one single-phase impedance is within the start-up zone after having crossed the power swing band in more than 5ms.

  • Page 166: Fault Detection After Single-Phase Tripping (One-Pole-Open Condition)

    P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 38/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Where: kr = an adjustable coefficient for residual or zero sequence current (3 x I0), ki: = an adjustable coefficient for negative sequence current (I2), Imax(t): maximum instantaneous current detected on one phase (A, B or C), IN: nominal current 4.7.5...
  • Page 167 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 39/44 Protection against Current Reversal (Transient Blocking) When a fault occurs on a line, which is parallel to the protected line, the pilot schemes on the protected line may be subjected current reversals from sequential clearing on the parallel line.
  • Page 168 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 40/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 DEF Protection Against High Resistance Ground Faults Protection against high-resistance ground faults, also called DEF (Directional Earth Fault), is used to protect the network against highly resistive faults. High resistance faults may not be detected by distance protection.
  • Page 169 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 41/44 4.9.4 Tripping Logic Legend For Tripping Logic Diagrams (DEF) Abbreviation Definition Vr> Threshold of residual or zero sequence voltage (3Vo) Threshold of residual current for forward fault Forward Forward directional with zero/negative sequence polarisation...
  • Page 170 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 42/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Forward Startup Vr>threshold Ied threshold & & & Forward decision Reverse decision t-trans Carrier Received DEF & Blocking DEF & Single Phase Trip Single phase selection Iev threshold Single t-delay &...
  • Page 171 Relay Description P44x/EN HW/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 43/44 SELF TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS The relay includes a number of self-monitoring functions to check the operation of its hardware and software when it is in service. These are included so that if an error or fault occurs within the relay’s hardware or software, the relay is able to detect and report the...
  • Page 172 P44x/EN HW/E33 Relay Description Page 44/44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 5.1.3 Platform software initialisation & monitoring In starting the platform software, the relay checks the integrity of the data held in E2PROM with a checksum, the operation of the real-time clock, and the IRIG-B board if fitted. The final test that is made concerns the input and output of data;...
  • Page 173 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 APPLICATION NOTES...
  • Page 175 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/220 CONTENT INTRODUCTION Protection of overhead lines and cable circuits MiCOM distance relay 1.2.1 Protection Features 1.2.2 Non-Protection Features 1.2.3 Additional Features for the P441 Relay Model 1.2.4 Additional Features for the P442 Relay Model 1.2.5...
  • Page 176 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 2/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Channel-aided distance schemes 2.9.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip Schemes PUP Z2 and PUP Fwd 2.9.2 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip Schemes POP Z2 and POP Z1 2.9.3 Permissive Overreach Schemes Weak Infeed Features 2.9.4...
  • Page 177 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 3/220 2.18 Aided DEF protection schemes 2.18.1 Polarising the Directional Decision 2.18.2 Aided DEF Permissive Overreach Scheme 2.18.3 Aided DEF Blocking Scheme 2.19 Undervoltage protection 2.19.1 Setting Guidelines 2.20 Overvoltage protection 2.20.1...
  • Page 178 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 4/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Voltage transformer supervision (VTS) – Main VT for minZ measurement 4.2.1 VTS logic description 4.2.2 The internal detection FUSE Failure condition 4.2.3 Fuse Failure Alarm reset 4.2.4 Loss of One or Two Phase Voltages 4.2.5...
  • Page 179 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/220 Circuit Breaker Control Event Recorder 4.9.1 Change of state of opto-isolated inputs. 4.9.2 Change of state of one or more output relay contacts. 4.9.3 Relay Alarm conditions. 4.9.4 Protection Element Starts and Trips 4.9.5...
  • Page 180 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 6/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 181 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/220 INTRODUCTION Protection of overhead lines and cable circuits Overhead lines are amongst the most fault susceptible items of plant in a modern power system. It is therefore essential that the protection associated with them provides secure and reliable operation.
  • Page 182 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 8/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 1.2.1 Protection Features The distance relays offer a comprehensive range of protection functions, for application to many overhead line and underground cable circuits. There are 3 separate models available, the P441, P442 and P444. The P442 and P444 models can provide single and three pole tripping.
  • Page 183 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 9/220 1.2.2 Non-Protection Features The P441, P442 and P444 relays have the following non-protection features: • 79/25 : Autoreclosure with Check synchronism - This permits up to 4 reclose shots, with voltage synchronism, differential voltage, live line/dead bus, and dead bus/live line interlocking available.
  • Page 184 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 10/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 1.2.5 Additional Features for the P444 Relay Model • Single pole tripping and autoreclose. • Real Time Clock Synchronisation - Time synchronisation is possible from the relay IRIG-B input. (IRIG-B must be specified as an option at time of order).
  • Page 185 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 11/220 APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION FUNCTIONS The following sections detail the individual protection functions in addition to where and how they may be applied. Each section also gives an extract from the respective menu columns to demonstrate how the settings are applied to the relay.

  • Page 186: Labels

    P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 12/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Menu text Default setting Available settings Internal A/R Disabled Enabled or Disabled Input Labels Visible Invisible or Visible Output Labels Visible Invisible or Visible CT & VT Ratios Visible Invisible or Visible...
  • Page 187 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 13/220 All phase fault protection elements are quadrilateral shaped, and are directionalied as follows: • Zones 1, 2 and 3 - Directional forward zones, as used in conventional three zone distance schemes. Note that Zone 1 can be extended to Zone 1X when required in zone 1 extension schemes (see page 17 §2.5.2).
  • Page 188 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 14/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 All earth fault protection elements are quadrilateral shaped, and are directionalised as per the phase fault elements. The reaches of the earth fault elements use residual compensation of the corresponding phase fault reach. The residual compensation factors are as follows: •...
  • Page 189 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 15/220 General Distance Trip logic 2.5.1 Equation Z1'.T1. BZ1 . PZ1 + Z1x'.(None + Z1xSiAnomTac.UNB_Alarm).[ T1. INP_Z1EXT] + UNB_CR.T1.[ PZ1.Z1'+PZ2.Z2'+PFwd.Aval’] INP_COS(*) + UNB_CR .T1.(Tp + ).[ Z1'.BZ1 + (Z2'.BZ2. INP_COS + T2 [ Z2' + PZ1.Z1' + BZ1.Z1'] + Z3'.T3...
  • Page 190 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 16/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.5.3 Outputs Data Type Description PDist_Dec Internal logic Distance protection Trip Type of trip Single Pole Z1 Single pole Z2 1 : Trip 1P if selected in MiCOM S1 otherwise trip 3P 3 : Trip 3P 2.6.1...
  • Page 191 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 17/220 Remarks: 1. .Z3 disable means Fwd start becomes Zp .Z3 & Zp Fwd disable means Fwd start becomes Z2 .Z3 & Zp Fwd & Z2 disable means Fwd start becomes Z1 2.
  • Page 192 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 18/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size KZ3/4 Angle 0° 0° 360° 0.1° 30/In Ω 0.001/In Ω 500/In Ω 0.001/In Ω 30/In Ω 400/In Ω 0.01/In Ω R3G - R4G 30/In Ω...
  • Page 193 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 19/220 • If disable, the Directional of the Deltas algorithms is set at -30° like conventional algorithms -30˚ P0473ENa • Overlap Z Mode: If enable, for a fault in Zp (fwd), then Z1 & Z2 will be displayed in LCD/Events/Drec –...
  • Page 194 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 20/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Z1x' & ≥ 1 unblock PS in Z1 & Z1<ZL ≥ 1 & Reversal Guard & ≥ 1 PermZ2 Power Swing & ≥ 1 ≥ 1 unblock PS Unblock PS in Z2 &...
  • Page 195 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 21/220 2.7.2.2 Inputs Data Type Description Internal Logic Fault detected in zone 1 Internal Logic Fault detected in zone 1 extended Internal Logic Fault detected in zone 2 Internal Logic Fault detected in zone 3...
  • Page 196 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 22/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.7.2.3 Outputs Data Type Description Z1x’ Internal Logic Fault detected in zone 1 extended Z1’ Internal Logic Fault detected in zone 1 Z2’ Internal Logic Fault detected in zone 2 Z3’...
  • Page 197 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 23/220 • The zone 1 elements of a distance relay should be set to cover as much of the protected line as possible, allowing instantaneous tripping for as many faults as possible.
  • Page 198 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 24/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.7.4 Zone Time Delay Settings (initiated with CVMR (General start convergency)) • The zone 1 time delay (tZ1) is generally set to zero, giving instantaneous operation. However, a time delay might be employed in cases where a large transient DC component is expected in the fault current, and older circuit breakers may be unable to break the current until zero crossings appear.
  • Page 199 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 25/220 VA = Z1 [IA + kZ0 IR] Z1 = VA/(IA + kZ0 IR) Particular case Resistive fault VA = Z1 [IA + kZ0 IR] + Rdef. Idef (Rdef = Rloop) To determine the distance, Z1 term is extracted.
  • Page 200 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 26/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Typical figures for R are given in Table 1 below, for different values of minimum expected phase fault current. Conductor Typical system = 1kA = 5kA = 10kA spacing (m) voltage (kV) 3.6Ω...
  • Page 201 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 27/220 2.7.7 Resistive Reach Calculation - Earth Fault Elements The resistive reach setting of the relay earth fault elements (RG) should be set to cover the desired level of earth fault resistance, but to avoid operation with minimum load impedance.
  • Page 202 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 28/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Z1 G/F (Optional) Z1 G/F (Normal) Z MO P3048ENa FIGURE 5 - ZONE 1 REACH CONSIDERATIONS 2.7.10 Effect of Mutual Coupling on Zone 2 Setting If the double circuit line to be protected is long and there is a relatively short adjacent line, it is difficult to set the reach of the zone 2 elements to cover 120% of the protected line impedance for all faults, but not more than 50% of the adjacent line.
  • Page 203 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 29/220 Distance protection schemes The option of using separate channels for DEF aided tripping, and distance protection schemes, is offered in the P441, P442 and P444 relays. Alternatively, the aided DEF protection can share the distance protection signalling channel, and the same scheme logic.
  • Page 204 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 30/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.8.1 Settings Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size Group 1 Distance schemes Program Mode Standard Scheme Standard Scheme Open Scheme Standard Mode Basic + Z1X Basic + Z1X, POP Z1, POP Z2, PUP Z2, PUP Fwd, BOP Z1, BOP Z2.
  • Page 205 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 31/220 2.8.2 Carrier send & Trip logic 2.8.2.1 Carrier send can be triggered by • Zone1 (CSZ1) • Zone2 (CSZ2) • Zone4 Reverse (CSZ4) Remarks: 1. CSZ1 means: "carrier send if Z1 detected"...
  • Page 206 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 32/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.8.2.3 Outputs Data Type Description Internal Logic Main channel Carrier send CS_DEF Internal Logic DEF channel Carrier send 2.8.2.4 Trip logic IEC Standard Carrier Trip Logic Application Setting Send MiCOM 448.15.13...
  • Page 207 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 33/220 Unblocking Basic Aided Schemes Weak-Infeed Trip Distance Protection SOTF PSB: Power swing blocking RVG: Reversal guard LOL: Loss of load P0477ENa FIGURE 7 - MIMIC DIAGRAM The zones unblocking/blocking logic with Power swing or Reversal guard is managed as explained in the scheme: Figure 3 (section 2.7)
  • Page 208 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 34/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 FIGURE 8 - SETTINGS IN MiCOM S1(GROUP1\DISTANCE SCHEME\STANDARD MODE) – 6 DIFFERENTS SETTABLE SCHEMES – P3050XXa FIGURE 9 - MAIN PROTECTION IN THE BASIC SCHEME (NO REQUIREMENT FOR SIGNALLING CHANNEL)
  • Page 209 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 35/220 Protection A Protection B & & & & Trip Trip ≥1 ≥1 & & & & & & P0543ENa FIGURE 10 - LOGIC DIAGRAM FOR THE BASIC SCHEME Figure 10 shows the tripping logic for the Basic scheme. Note that for the P441, P442 and P444 relays, zone timers tZ1 to tZ4 are started at the instant of fault detection, which is why they are shown as a parallel process to the distance zones.
  • Page 210 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 36/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.8.4 Zone 1 Extension Scheme Auto-reclosure is widely used on radial overhead line circuits to re-establish supply following a transient fault. A Zone 1 extension scheme may therefore be applied to a radial overhead feeder to provide high speed protection for transient faults along the whole of the protected line.
  • Page 211 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 37/220 Remark: To enable the Z1X logic, the DDB "Z1X extension" cell must be linked in the PSL (opto/reclaim time…) FIGURE 13 - DISTANCE SCHEME WITHOUT CARRIER & Z1 EXTENDED &...
  • Page 212 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 38/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Data Type Description Zp’ Internal logic Zp Decision (lock out by Power Swing) Z4’ Internal logic Z4 Decision (lock out by Power Swing) Internal logic Elapse of distance timer 1...
  • Page 213 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 39/220 LOL-A LOL-B & LOL-C 18ms & Trip & 40ms P3053ENa FIGURE 15 - LOSS-OF-LOAD ACCELERATED TRIP SCHEME 2.8.5.1 Inputs Data Type Description Activ_LOL Configuration Loss of Load activated (LOL) TRIP_Any...
  • Page 214 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 40/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.8.5.2 Outputs Data Type Description LOL_Trip3p Internal Logic 3P Trip by LOL logic Activ_LOL TRIP _Any Force_3P_Dist Force3P_DEF & Activ WI = WI/echo & WI_1pTrip = No LOL. channel fail UNB_CR_Alarm &...
  • Page 215 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 41/220 Channel-aided distance schemes The following channel aided distance tripping schemes are available when the Standard program mode is selected: • Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip Schemes PUP Z2 and PUP Fwd;...
  • Page 216 2.9.1.1 Permissive Underreach Protection, Accelerating Zone 2 (PUP Z2) This scheme is similar to that used in the other AREVA distance relays, allowing an instantaneous Z2 trip on receipt of the signal from the remote end protection. Figure 11 shows the simplified scheme logic.
  • Page 217 Permissive Underreach Protection Tripping via Forward Start (PUP Fwd) This scheme is similar to that used in the AREVA EPAC and PXLN relays, allowing an instantaneous Z2 or Z3 trip on receipt of the signal from the remote end protection. Figure 19 shows the simplified scheme logic.
  • Page 218 Permissive Overreach Protection with Overreaching Zone 2 (POP Z2) This scheme is similar to that used in the AREVA LFZP and LFZR relays. Figure 20 shows the zone reaches, and Figure 21 the simplified scheme logic. The signalling channel is keyed from operation of the overreaching zone 2 elements of the relay.
  • Page 219 Permissive Overreach Protection with Overreaching Zone 1 (POP Z1) This scheme is similar to that used in the AREVA EPAC and PXLN relays. Figure 22 shows the zone reaches, and Figure 23 the simplified scheme logic. The signalling channel is keyed from operation of zone 1 elements set to overreach the protected line.
  • Page 220 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 46/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Protection A Protection B Signal Signal Send Z1' Send Z1' & & & & & & ≥1 ≥1 Trip Trip & & & & & & P3060ENa FIGURE 23 - LOGIC DIAGRAM FOR THE POP Z1 SCHEME (SEE TRIP LOGIC TABLE IN SECTION 2.8.2.4)
  • Page 221 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 47/220 • Weak Infeed Echo For permissive schemes, a signal would only be sent if the required signal send zone were to detect a fault. However, the fault current infeed at one line end may be so low as to be insufficient to operate any distance zones, and risks a failure to send the signal.
  • Page 222 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 48/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The additional weak infeed trip logic is: Weak infeed trip: No Distance Zone Operation, plus reverse directional decision, plus V<, plus Channel Received. Weak infeed tripping is time delayed according to the WI: Trip Time Delay value, usually set at 60ms.
  • Page 223 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 49/220 2.9.3.1 Inputs Data Type Description Activ_WI Configuration Weak infeed mode selection (Disable, Echo, WI/echo) Trip1P_WI Configuration Trip 1P in Weak infeed mode Any Pole Dead Internal Logical Minimum 1 pole is open...
  • Page 224 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 50/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Two types of carrier received signals are used: • Carrier received (INP_CR - binary input) • Carrier Out of Service (INP_COS - binary input for distance logic) and (INP_COS_DEF - binary input for DEF logic) 2.9.4.1...
  • Page 225 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 51/220 System Permissive Loss of Permissive Trip Alarm Condition Channel Guard Allowed Generated Received Healthy Line Internal Line Fault Yes Unblock Yes, during a Yes, delayed on 150ms window pickup by 150ms...
  • Page 226 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 52/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.9.4.3 Loss of Carrier In this mode the signalling equipment used is such that a carrier/data messages are continuously transmitted across the channel, when in service. For a permissive trip signal to be sent, additional information is contained in the carrier (eg.
  • Page 227 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 53/220 INP_CR INP_COS UNB_CR UNB_Alarm 1 (Window) 1 (delayed) 1 (delayed) NOTE: For DEF the logic will used depende upon which settings are enabled: • Same channel (shared) In this case, the DEF channel is the Main Distance channel signal (the scheme & contacts of carrier received will be identical) •...
  • Page 228 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 54/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 • If the signalling channel is taken out of service, the relay will operate in the conventional Basic mode. • A current reversal guard timer is included in the signal send logic to prevent unwanted trips of the relay on the healthy circuit, during current reversal situations on a parallel circuit.
  • Page 229 Blocking Overreach Protection with Overreaching Zone 1 (BOP Z1) This scheme is similar to that used in the AREVA EPAC and PXLN relays. Figure 32 shows the zone reaches, and Figure 33 the simplified scheme logic. The signalling channel is keyed from operation of the reverse zone 4 elements of the relay.
  • Page 230 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 56/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.10 Distance schemes current reversal guard logic For double circuit lines, the fault current direction can change in one circuit when circuit breakers open sequentially to clear the fault on the parallel circuit. The change in current...
  • Page 231 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 57/220 2.11 Distance schemes in the “open” programming mode When a scheme is required which is not covered in the Standard modes above, the Open programming mode can be selected. The user then has the facility to decide which distance relay zone is to be used to key the signalling channel, and what type of aided scheme runs when the channel is received.
  • Page 232 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 58/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 (7 additional settable bits are available from version A3.1) and are as shown below: Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size GROUP 1 DISTANCE SCHEMES TOR-SOTF Mode Bit 0: TOR Z1 Enabled,...
  • Page 233 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 59/220 2.12.1 Initiating TOR/SOTF Protection SOTF/TOR Activated 2 signals are issued from the logic: TOR Enable - SOTF Enable (See DDB description in appendix from that chapter). There is a difference between them due to the AR (internal or external) which must be blocked in SOTF logic.
  • Page 234 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 60/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 SOTF Enable logic is activated in 2 cases: If no external closing command (manual or by remote communication via control system) is present : When the internal levels detectors have detected a three pole open for more than 110 s (settable from A3.0);...
  • Page 235 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 61/220 2.12.2 TOR-SOTF Trip Logic During the TOR/SOTF 500ms window, individual distance protection zones can be enabled or disabled by means of the TOR-SOTF Mode function links. Setting the relevant bit to 1 will enable that zone, setting bits to 0 will disable distance zones.
  • Page 236 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 62/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 SOTF Trip logic results Type of Fault Fault in Z1 Fault in Z2 Fault in Zp Fault in Zp Fault in Z3 Fault in Z4 SOTF selected Logic SOTF All Zone...
  • Page 237 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 63/220 2.12.3 Switch on to Fault and Trip on Reclose by I>3 Overcurrent Element (not filtered for inruch current): Inside the 500 ms time window initiated by SOTF/TOR logic, an instantaneous 3 phases trip logic will be issued, if a faulty current is measured over the I>3 threshold value (adjusted in...
  • Page 238 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 64/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The logic diagram for this, and other modes of TOR/SOTF protection is shown in Figure 37: Va > & & TOC A Ia < 20 ms Vb > & &...
  • Page 239 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 65/220 2.12.5 Setting Guidelines • When the overcurrent option is enabled, the I>3 current setting applied should be above load current, and > 35% of peak magnetising inrush current for any connected transformers as this element has no second harmonic blocking.
  • Page 240 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 66/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.12.6 Inputs /Outputs in SOTF-TOR DDB Logic See also, DDB description in appendix of the same section. 2.12.6.1 Inputs Man Close CB Digital input (opto) 6 is assigned by default PSL to "Man Close CB"...
  • Page 241 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 67/220 All Pole Dead The DDB All Pole Dead if assigned in PSL, indicates all pole are dead (All 3 poles are opened) SOTF/TOR Trip The DDB SOTF/TOR Trip if assigned in PSL, indicates a 3poles trip by TOR or SOTF logic - see Figure 37 2.13...
  • Page 242 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 68/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.13.1 The Power Swing Blocking Element PSB can be disabled on distribution systems, where power swings would not normally be experienced. Operation of the PSB element is menu selectable to block the operation of any or all of the distance zones (including aided trip logic) or to provide indication of the swing only.
  • Page 243 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 69/220 A fault on the system results in the measured impedance rapidly crossing the ∆R band, en route to a tripping zone. Power swings follow a much slower impedance locus. A power swing is detected where all three phase-phase measured impedances have remained within the ∆R band for at least 5ms, and have taken longer than 5ms to reach the trip characteristic...
  • Page 244 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 70/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 AnyPoleDead ≥1 & Loop AN detected ≥2 in PS bundary ∆ t ≥1 PS loop AN ≥1 & Tunb ≥1 Loop BN detected in PS bundary ∆ t ≥1 PS loop BN Tunb ≥1...
  • Page 245 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 71/220 Z1x' & Unblock Z1 ≥ 1 & Power Swing Detection Unblock Z2 ≥ 1 ≥ 1 Unblocking Power Swing & Unblock Z3 ≥ 1 & ≥ 1 Zp_Fwd & &...
  • Page 246 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 72/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.13.3 Typical Current Settings The three current thresholds must be set above the maximum expected residual current unbalance, the maximum negative sequence unbalance, and the maximum expected power swing current. Generally, the power swing current will not exceed 2.In. Typical setting limits...
  • Page 247 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 73/220 Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size GROUP 1 BACK-UP I> I>1 Function Disabled, DT, IEC S Inverse, IEC V Inverse, IEC E Inverse, UK LT Inverse, IEEE M Inverse, IEEE V Inverse, IEEE E Inverse, US Inverse, US ST Inverse I>1 Direction...
  • Page 248 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 74/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The inverse time delayed characteristics listed above, comply with the following formula:   t = T ×   α (I/Is) –1 Where: operation time constant measured current current threshold setting α...
  • Page 249 For more detailed information regarding overcurrent relay co-ordination, reference should be made to AREVA’s ‘Protective relay Application Guide’ - Chapter 9. In general, where overcurrent elements are set, these should also be set to time discriminate with downstream and reverse distance protection.
  • Page 250 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 76/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Time I>1 I>2 Z3,tZ3 Z4, tZ4 Zp,tZp Z2,tZ2 Reverse Forward Z1,tZ1 P3069ENa FIGURE 42 - TIME GRADING OVERCURRENT PROTECTION WITH DISTANCE PROTECTION (DT EXAMPLE) I>1 and I>2 Time Delay VTS The I>1 and I>2 overcurrent elements should be set to mimic operation of distance...
  • Page 251 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 77/220 If a low current setting is chosen, I>3 will need to discriminate with local and remote distance protection. This principle is shown in Table 9. I>3 Current Setting Instantaneous Function After...
  • Page 252 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 78/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.15 Negative sequence overcurrent protection (NPS) When applying traditional phase overcurrent protection, the overcurrent elements must be set higher than maximum load current, thereby limiting the element’s sensitivity. Most protection schemes also use an earth fault element operating from residual current, which improves sensitivity for earth faults.
  • Page 253 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 79/220 2.15.2 Negative phase sequence current threshold, ‘I2> Current Set’ The current pick-up threshold must be set higher than the negative phase sequence current due to the maximum normal load unbalance on the system. This can be set practically at the commissioning stage, making use of the relay measurement function to display the standing negative phase sequence current, and setting at least 20% above this figure.
  • Page 254 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 80/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.16 Broken conductor detection The majority of faults on a power system occur between one phase and ground or two phases and ground. These are known as shunt faults and arise from lightning discharges and other overvoltages which initiate flashovers.
  • Page 255 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 81/220 It follows that, for an open circuit in a particular part of the system, I2/I1 can be determined from the ratio of zero sequence to negative sequence impedance. It must be noted however, that this ratio may vary depending upon the fault location.
  • Page 256 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 82/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.17 Directional and non-directional earth fault protection Three elements of earth fault protection are available, as follows: • IN> element Channel aided directional earth fault protection; • IN>1 element Directional or non-directional protection, definite time (DT) or IDMT time-delayed.
  • Page 257 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 83/220 Note that the elements are set in terms of residual current, which is three times the magnitude of zero sequence current (Ires = 3I The IDMT time delay characteristics available for the IN>1 element, and the grading principles used will be as per the phase fault overcurrent elements.
  • Page 258 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 84/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 CTS Block SBEF Start SBEF Overcurrent SBEF Trip IDMT/DT SBEF Trip SBEF Timer Block P0484ENa FIGURE 45 - LOGIC WITHOUT DIRECTIONALITY CTS Block SBEF SBEF Start Overcurrent Slow VTS Directional...
  • Page 259 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 85/220 • When protecting solidly-earthed distribution systems or cable feeders, a -45° RCA setting should be set. • When protecting solidly-earthed transmission systems, a -60° RCA setting should be set. 2.17.3...
  • Page 260 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 86/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Opto label 01 Relay Label 01 DIST CS DIST. CR Opto Label 02 Relay Label 02 DEF. CR DEF CS P0534ENa FIGURE 48 - PSL REQUIRED TO ACTIVATE DEF LOGIC WITH AN INDEPENDANT CHANNEL...
  • Page 261 P0547ENa FIGURE 52 - SHARED CHANNEL – PERMISSIVE SCHEME This scheme is similar to that used in the AREVA LFZP, LFZR, EPAC and PXLN relays. Figure 53 shows the element reaches, and Figure 54 the simplified scheme logic. The signalling channel is keyed from operation of the forward IN> DEF element of the relay. If the remote relay has also detected a forward fault, then it will operate with no additional delay upon receipt of this signal.
  • Page 262 2.18.3 Aided DEF Blocking Scheme This scheme is similar to that used in the AREVA LFZP, LFZR, EPAC and PXLN relays. Figure 57 shows the element reaches, and Figure 58 the simplified scheme logic. The signalling channel is keyed from operation of the reverse DEF element of the relay. If the remote relay forward IN>...
  • Page 263 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 89/220 DEF Fwd IN Fwd> DEF V> Reversal Guard & IN Rev> Any Pole Dead t_delay >1 Any DIST Start 150 ms DEF Timer Block & DEF Trip UNB CR DEF DEF Rev &...
  • Page 264 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 90/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.19 Undervoltage protection Undervoltage conditions may occur on a power system for a variety of reasons, some of which are outlined below:- • Increased system loading. Generally, some corrective action would be taken by voltage regulating equipment such as AVR’s or On Load Tap Changers, in order to...
  • Page 265 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 91/220 2.19.1 Setting Guidelines In the majority of applications, undervoltage protection is not required to operate during system earth fault conditions. If this is the case, the element should be selected in the menu to operate from a phase to phase voltage measurement, as this quantity is less affected by single phase voltage depressions due to earth faults.
  • Page 266 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 92/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.20.1 Setting Guidelines The inclusion of the two stages and their respective operating characteristics allows for a number of possible applications; • Use of the IDMT characteristic gives the option of a longer time delay if the overvoltage condition is only slight but results in a fast trip for a severe overvoltage.
  • Page 267 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 93/220 tBF1 CBF1_Status Enable & tBF1 Trip 3Ph Pulsed output latched in UI tBF1 >1 Breaker >1 & Any Internal Trip A Fail Alarm tBF2 - tBF1 & tBF2 Trip 3Ph tBF1 Ia<...
  • Page 268 Application Notes Page 94/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 CBF elements ‘CB Fail 1 Timer’ and ‘CB Fail 2 Timer’ can be configured to operate for trips triggered by protection elements within the relay or via an external protection trip. The latter is achieved by allocating one of the relay opto-isolated inputs to ‘External Trip’...
  • Page 269 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 95/220 Pole Live Pole Dead I< I< P0553ENa FIGURE 60 - ALGORITHM FOR POLE DEAD DETECTION Description of open pole detection algorithm : Each half period after zero crossing of current, the algorithm detects if the current is bigger than the I<...
  • Page 270 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 96/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.21.2.1 Inputs Data Type Description CBF1_Status Configuration Breaker Failure 1 activated CBF2_Status Configuration Breaker Failure 2 activated CBF1_Timer Configuration Timer Breaker Failure 1 CBF2_Timer Configuration Timer Breaker Failure 2 CBF1_Reset Configuration Type of reset (current, CB status, interlocks).
  • Page 271 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 97/220 Initiation CB fail timer reset mechanism (Menu selectable) Current based protection - The resetting mechanism is fixed. (eg. 50/51/46/21/87..) [IA< operates] & [IB< operates] & [IC< operates] & [IN< operates] Non-current based protection Three options are available.
  • Page 272 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 98/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 2.21.3 Typical settings 2.21.3.1 Breaker Fail Timer Settings Typical timer settings to use are as follows: CB Fail Reset Mechanism tBF time delay Typical delay for 2½ cycle circuit breaker...
  • Page 273 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 99/220 OTHER PROTECTION CONSIDERATIONS-SETTINGS EXAMPLE Distance Protection Setting Example 3.1.1 Objective To protect the 100Km double circuit line between Green Valley and Blue River substations using relay protection in the POP Z2 Permissive Overreach mode and to set the relay at Green Valley substation, shown in Figure 61.
  • Page 274 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 100/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 3.1.5 Zone 1 Phase Reach Settings Required Zone 1 reach is to be 80% of the line impedance between Green Valley and Blue River substations. Required Zone 1 reach = 0.8 x 100 x 0.484 / 79.4° x 0.12 = 4.64 / 79.4°...
  • Page 275 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 101/220 3.1.10 Residual Compensation for Earth Fault Elements The residual compensation factor can be applied independently to certain zones if required. This feature is useful where line impedance characteristics change between sections or where hybrid circuits are used.
  • Page 276 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 102/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 3.1.12 Power Swing Band Typically, the ∆R and ∆X band settings are both set between 10 - 30% of R3Ph. This gives a secondary impedance between 0.6 and 1.8Ω. For convenience, 1.0Ω could be set.
  • Page 277 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 103/220 Case 2: Source Impedance / 3000 17.63Ω Line Impedance 48.4Ω (230000 / √3) / (17.63 + 48.4) Fault current seen by relay 2011A The overcurrent setting must be in excess of 2251A. To provide an adequate safety margin a setting ≥120% the minimum calculated should be chosen, say 2800A.
  • Page 278 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 104/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 3.2.3 Permissive Underreach Schemes For a PUP scheme, the signalling channel is only keyed for internal faults. Permissive tripping is allowed for operation of zone 2 plus receipt of a signal from either remote line end.
  • Page 279 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 105/220 3.2.4 Blocking Schemes Blocking schemes are particularly suited to the protection of teed feeders, since high speed operation can be achieved where there is no current infeed from one or more terminals. The scheme also has the advantage that only a common simplex channel or a triangulated simplex channel is required.
  • Page 280 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 106/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 3.3.1 Selection of Setting Groups Setting groups can be changed by one of two methods selectable by MiCOM S1: • Automatic group selection by changes in state of two opto-isolated inputs, assigned as Setting Group Change bit 0 (opto 1), and Setting Group Change bit 1 (opto 2), as shown in Table 11 below.
  • Page 281 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 107/220 • Or using the relay operator interface / remote communications. Should the user issue a menu command to change group, the relay will transfer to that settings group, and then ignore future changes in state of the bit 0 and bit 1 opto-inputs. Thus, the user is given greater priority than automatic setting group selection.
  • Page 282 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 108/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 APPLICATION OF NON-PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Fault locator The relay has an integral fault locator that uses information from the current and voltage inputs to provide a distance to fault measurement. The sampled data from the analogue input circuits is written to a cyclic buffer until a fault condition is detected.
  • Page 283 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 109/220 The following table shows the relay menu for the fault locator, including the available setting ranges and factory defaults:- Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size GROUP 1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS...
  • Page 284 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 110/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Therefore set Line Impedance and Line Angle: = 5.81 / 80° Ω (secondary). No residual compensation needs to be set for the fault locator, as the relay automatically uses the kZ0 factor applicable to the distance zone which tripped.
  • Page 285 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 111/220 FIGURE 67 - VT SUPERVISION: VTS SETTINGS IN MiCOM S1 • VTS Timer: A settable alarm from 1 to 20s by step of 1s gives the possibility to signal by an alarm the Failure. This alarm is instantaneous in case of opto energized by external INP FFU signal (issued from contact of MCB).
  • Page 286 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 112/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.2.2 The internal detection FUSE Failure condition Is verified by follows (Fuse Failure not confirmed logic) (Vr AND /I0 AND /l2 Et /I>) OR (FusFus_tri AND /Any_pole_dead AND V< AND /∆Ι ) Vr>_FFUS...
  • Page 287 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 113/220 There are three main aspects to consider regarding the failure of the VT supply. These are defined below: Loss of one or two phase voltages Loss of all three phase voltages under load conditions Absence of three phase voltages upon line energisation 4.2.4...
  • Page 288 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 114/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.2.7 Menu Settings The VTS settings are found in the ‘SUPERVISION’ column of the relay menu. The relevant settings are detailed below. Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size...
  • Page 289 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 115/220 4.2.8 INPUT / OUTPUT used in VTS logic: 4.2.8.1 Inputs MCB/VTS Line The DDB:MCB/VTS Line if linked to an opto in the PSL and when energized, informs the P44X about an internal maloperation from the VT used for the impedance measurement reference.
  • Page 290 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 116/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Menu text Default setting Setting range step size GROUP 1 SUPERVISION CT SUPERVISION CTS Status Disabled Enabled/Disabled CTS VN< Inhibit 0.5 / 2V 22 / 88V 0.5 / 2V CTS IN> Set 0.08 x In...
  • Page 291 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 117/220 The check synchronising element provides two ‘output’ signals which feed into the manual CB control and the auto reclose logic respectively. These signals allow reclosure provided that the relevant check-synch criteria are fulfilled.
  • Page 292 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 118/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Note that the combination of the Diff Phase and Bus-Line Delay settings can also be equated to a differential frequency, as shown below: • Diff Phase angle set to +/-20°, Bus-Line Delay set to 0.2s.
  • Page 293 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 119/220 4.4.4 Check Synchronism Settings Depending on the particular system arrangement, the main three phase VT for the relay may be located on either the busbar or the line. Hence, the relay needs to be programmed with the location of the main voltage transformer.
  • Page 294 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 120/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Enable_SYNC VTS_Slow INP_Fuse Failure Bus AR_Force_Sync INP_AR_Cycle_1P INP_AR_Reclaim INP_AR_Cycle_Conf CHECK SYNC INP_AR_Reclaim_Conf Conditions & verified & Any_Pole_Dead & 200ms All_Pole_Dead Dead L/Live B & V< Dead Line 100ms V> Live Bus Live L/Dead B &...
  • Page 295 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 121/220 sample sample P0493ENa FIGURE 70 – CALCUL OF FREQUENCY Frequency tracking is calculated by: freq=1/((X + Nb )* T samples samples With X – b ) et X – I is the sampling period.
  • Page 296 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 122/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Trailing VLine phase VLine VBus ∆ T Leading VLine phase VBus VLine ∆ T P0494ENa FIGURE 71 - CALCULATION OF DIFF. PHASE Phase shift = (∆T/ T) *360 ∆T = Ta + (x1-y2) A phase shift calculation requests a change of sign from both signals.
  • Page 297 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 123/220 4.4.5 Logic inputs / Outputs from synchrocheck function 4.4.5.1 Logic DDB input from the check sync logic MCB/VTS Bus The DDB:MCB/VTS Bus if assigned to an opto input in PSL and when energized, will inform the P44X about an internal maloperation from the VT used for synchrocheck ref.
  • Page 298 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 124/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 WARNING: TO ENSURE THAT THE AR CLOSING COMMAND IS CONTROLED BY THE CHECK SYNC CONDITIONS, THE ABOVE PSL SHOULD BE SET. (Different schemes can be created with internal AR & external CSync or internal Csync &...
  • Page 299 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 125/220 External Check Sync Closing command with external C. Sync & conditions verified Output_AR_force_Sync Output_closing order P0496ENa FIGURE 74 - LOGIC WITH EXTERNAL SYNCHRO CHECK Output_Sync Output_AR_force_Sync External closing order External with internal C.
  • Page 300 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 126/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size GROUP 1 AUTORECLOSE AUTORECLOSE MODE 1P Trip Mode Single Single Single/Three Single/Three/Three Single/Three/Three/Three 3P Trip Mode Three Three Three/Three Three/Three/Three Three/Three/Three/Three 1P - Dead Time 1(HSAR) 0.1s...
  • Page 301 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 127/220 4.5.2 Benefits of Autoreclosure An analysis of faults on any overhead line network has shown that 80-90% are transient in nature. Lightning is the most common cause, other possibilities being clashing conductors and wind blown debris.
  • Page 302 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 128/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.5.3 Auto-reclose logic operating sequence An autoreclose cycle is internally initiated by operation of a protective element (could be started by an internal trip or external trip), provided the circuit breaker is closed at the instant of protection operation.
  • Page 303 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 129/220 (The reclaim time is reset when the reclaim timer adjusted in MiCOM S1 Timer is issued or if a new trip order 1P or 3P occurs – see Figure 78)
  • Page 304 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 130/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 AR_Enable Block AR AR lock out inhibit CBA_Discrepency & & AR_lock out End of 1P Dead Time 1 Reclaim Time End of 3P Dead Time 1 & TRIP_1P TRIP_3P Reset TRIP 1P...
  • Page 305 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 131/220 >1 AR 1P in Prog & >1 AR 3P in Prog BAR_Block_T2 Enable & Enable BAR_Block_T3 & Enable BAR_Block_Tzp & Enable BAR_Block_LOL & LOL_Trip_3P Enable BAR_Block_I2 > & Trip_I2> Enable BAR_Block_I>...
  • Page 306 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 132/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 AR_Enable SPAR enable & & AR lockout_Shots> TRIP_1P & Trip counter = setting TRIP_3P & TPAR enable Reset TRIP_1P Reset TRIP_3P P0501ENa FIGURE 81 - AR LOCK OUT BY NUMBER OF SHOTS...
  • Page 307 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 133/220 CNF_52b CNF_52a & & INP_52a_A & & INP_52b_A CBA_A & & & CBA_3P_C & & INP_52a_B CBA_ANY & & INP_52b_B CBA_B & & & CBA_3P & & & INP_52a_C &...
  • Page 308 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 134/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.5.4 Scheme for Three Phase Trips The relay allows up to four reclose shots. The scheme is selected in the relay menu as shown in Table 12: (The first 3P_HSAR cycle can be controlled by the check Sync logic)
  • Page 309 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 135/220 Trip 1P Trip 3P during Discrimination Timer Trip_1P or Trip_3P 1P_Dead Time AR_Discrimination Timer 3P_Dead Time AR_Trip_3ph AR_BAR P0505ENa FIGURE 86 - FAULT DURING A HSAR 1P CYCLE DURING DISCRIMINATION TIMER If the AR logic detect a 3 poles trip (internal or external) when the Discrimination Timer is issued, and during the 1P dead time;...
  • Page 310 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 136/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.5.6 Logical Inputs used by the Autoreclose logic Contacts from external equipment (External protection or external synchrocheck or external AR) may be used to influence the auto-recloser via opto-isolated inputs. Such functions can be allocated to any of the opto-isolated inputs on the relay via the programmable scheme logic (Ensure that optos1&2 are not set for setting group change- Otherwise, these optos...
  • Page 311 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 137/220 A/R 1p in Prog The DDB A/R 1P in Prog if assigned to an opto input in the PSL and when energized, will block the internal DEF as an external single pole AR cycle is in progress.
  • Page 312 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 138/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 INP_CB_Healthy picks up, Start of before issued of INhWind INhWind INhWind 1P Dead Time or 3P Dead Time INP_CB_Healthly Close pulse AR_Trip_3ph AR_RECLAIM P0510ENa FIGURE 91 - CB_HEALTHY IS PRESENT BEFORE INHWIND IS ISSUED...
  • Page 313 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 139/220 Trip_3P_SBEF_IN>1 Trip_3P_SBEF_IN>2 Trip_3P_I2> TOR_Trip_3P LOL_Trip_3P BRK_Trip_3P Trip_3P_I>1 Trip_3P_I>2 Trip_3P_I>3 Trip_3P_I>4 Trip_3P_V<1 Trip_3P_V<2 Trip_3P_V>1 Trip_3P_V>2 TRIP_Any Pole PW_trip & Dwell Timer BAN3 Trip_timer PDist_Trip_A Dwell Weak_Trip_A Trip_A Timer DEF_Trip_A 80 ms...
  • Page 314 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 140/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Any fault detected within 500ms of a manual closure will cause an instantaneous three pole tripping, without autoreclosure (See next Figure 80 BAR logic) With AR Lock out (AR_BAR) activated, the AR does not initiate any additional AR cycle. If AR lock out picks up during a cycle, the AR close is blocked.
  • Page 315 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 141/220 SUP_Trip_Loc & Manual/Remote/Local Trip CBC_Local_Control & SUP_Close_Loc SUP_Trip_Rem & CBC_Remote_Control & SUP_Close_Rem INP_CB_Trip_Man & CBC_Input_Control Manual/Remote/Local Close & INP_CB_Man_Close TRIP CBC_Trip_Pulse & CBA_3P_C CBC_Trip_3P Pulsed output latched in UI &...
  • Page 316 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 142/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 CB Discrepancy The DDB CB Discrepancy if assigned to an opto input in the PSL and when energized, will inform the protection about a pole Discrepancy status. 1 pole opened and two other poles closed.
  • Page 317 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 143/220 SPAR enable & TRIP_1P AR_Cycle_3P & AR__1P in prog CBA_Discrepency TRIP_3P 1P Dead Time 1 AR_Discrimination Discrimination Time P0515ENa FIGURE 96 – AR 1 POLE IN PROGRESS LOGIC AR 3P In Prog.
  • Page 318 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 144/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 AR 1st in Prog. DDB: AR 1st in Prog. is used to indicate that the autorecloser is timing out its first dead time, whether a high speed single pole or three pole shot.
  • Page 319 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 145/220 AR Discrim Start with the trip order. When a single pole trip is issued by the relay, a 1 pole AR cycle is initiated. The Dead time1 and Discrimination timer (from version A3.0) are started. If the AR logic detects a single pole or three poles trip (internal or external) during the discrimination timer, the 1P HSAR cycle is disabled and replaced by a 3P HSAR cycle, if enable.
  • Page 320 Application Notes Page 146/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 If an evolving occurs during the discrimination timer, the first single pole high speed AR cycle (1P HSAR) is stopped and removed by a 3 pole high speed AR cycle (3P HSAR)
  • Page 321 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 147/220 FIGURE 105 To inhibit the discrimination timer logic (fixed logic) ; the value should be equal to the 1P cycle dead time. (1P Dead Time 1). AR Enable Indicates that the autoreclose function is in service. (See Figure 90) AR SPAR Enable Single pole AR is enabled.
  • Page 322 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 148/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 A/R Force Sync Force the Check Sync conditions to high logical level – used for SPAR or TPAR with SYNC AR3 fast (Enable by MiCOM S1) - signal is reset with AR reclaim...
  • Page 323 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 149/220 V>Live Bus (See Checksync logic description – section 4.4.5.2) Ctrl Cls In Prog Manual close in progress-using CB control (timer manual closing delay in progress) Control Trip CB Trip command by internal CB control...
  • Page 324 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 150/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.5.11 Dead Timer Setting High speed autoreclose may be required to maintain stability on a network with two or more power sources. For high speed autoreclose the system disturbance time should be minimised by using fast protection, <50 ms, such as distance or feeder differential protection...
  • Page 325 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 151/220 Example Minimum Dead Time Calculation The following circuit breaker and system characteristics are to be used: • CB Operating time (Trip coil energised → Arc interruption): 50ms (a); • CB Opening + Reset time (Trip coil energised → Trip mechanism reset): 200ms (b);...
  • Page 326 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 152/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Circuit breaker state monitoring An operator at a remote location requires a reliable indication of the state of the switchgear. Without an indication that each circuit breaker is either open or closed, the operator has insufficient information to decide on switching operations.
  • Page 327 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 153/220 Sol3: Two optos used for 52a & 52b (3 poles breaker) Sol4: Three optos used for 52a (1 pole breaker) Sol5: Three optos used for 52b (1 pole breaker) Sol6: Six optos used for 52a &52b (1 pole breaker)
  • Page 328 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 154/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Where ‘None’ is selected no CB status will be available. This will directly affect any function within the relay that requires this signal, for example CB control, auto-reclose, etc. Where only 52a is used on its own then the relay will assume a 52b signal from the absence of the 52a signal.
  • Page 329 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 155/220 CNF_52b CNF_52a & & INP_52a_A & & INP_52b_A CBA_A & & & CBA_3P_C & & INP_52a_B CBA_ANY & & INP_52b_B CBA_B & & & CBA_3P & & & INP_52a_C &...
  • Page 330 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 156/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 INP_52a_A INP_52b_A CBA_A CBA_STATUS_ALARM P0526ENa FIGURE 111 - COMPLEMENTARY OF 52a/52b IS LONG ENOUGH FOR GETTING THE ALARM INP_52a_A CBA_A CBA_STATUS_ALARM P0527ENa FIGURE 112 - WITH ONE OPTO 52a- POLE DEAD LOGIC...
  • Page 331 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 157/220 4.6.2.2 Outputs CB Status Alarm Picks up when CB Discrepancy status is detected after CBA timer issued externally by opto or internally by CB Aux CB aux A CB aux B...
  • Page 332 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 158/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The above counters may be reset to zero, for example, following a maintenance inspection and overhaul. The following table, detailing the options available for the CB condition monitoring, is taken from the relay menu.
  • Page 333 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 159/220 Maintenance Alarm or Lock Out Alarm can be generated. A pre-lock out Alarm is generated at value n-1. All counters can be re-initiated with the command Reset all values (by HMI) In cases where the breaker is tripped by an external protection device it is also possible to update the CB condition monitoring.
  • Page 334 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 160/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Certain circuit breakers, such as oil circuit breakers (OCB’s) can only perform a certain number of fault interruptions before requiring maintenance attention. This is because each fault interruption causes carbonising of the oil, degrading its dielectric properties.
  • Page 335 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 161/220 FF Pre Lockout An alarm is issued at (n-1) value in the counters of Main lock out or Fault frequency FF Lock An alarm is issued at (n) value in the counters of Main lock out or Fault frequency...
  • Page 336 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 162/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size CB CONTROL CB Control by Disabled Disabled, Local, Remote, Local+Remote, Opto, Opto+local, Opto+Remote, Opto+Rem+local Close Pulse Time 0.5s 0.1s 0.01s Trip Pulse Time 0.5s...
  • Page 337 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 163/220 SUP_Trip_Loc & CBC_Local_Control & SUP_Close_Loc SUP_Trip_Rem & CBC_Remote_Control & SUP_Close_Rem INP_CB_Trip_Man & CBC_Input_Control & INP_CB_Man CBC_Trip_Pulse & CBA_3P_C CBC_Trip_3P Pulsed output latched in UI & CBC_Failed_To_Trip CBA_3P CBA_Status_Alarm & CBC_Close_In_Progress...
  • Page 338 Application Notes Page 164/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The length of the trip or close control pulse can be set via the ‘ManualTrip Pulse Time’ and ‘Close Pulse Time’ settings respectively. These should be set long enough to ensure the breaker has completed its open or close cycle before the pulse has elapsed.
  • Page 339 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 165/220 CBA_3P SUP_Close OR INP_CB_Man CBC_Close_In_Progress 0 to 60 Sec 0.1 to 10 Sec CBC_Recl_3P CBC_ Fail_To_Close P0561ENa FIGURE 117 - STATUS OF CB IS INCORRECT CBA3P (3POLES ARE OPENED) STAYS – AN ALARM IS GENERATED “CB FAIL TO CLOSE”...
  • Page 340 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 166/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Events must be listed, identified (file named) & Stored Local viewing on the LCD is achieved in the menu column entitled ‘VIEW RECORDS’. This column allows viewing of event, fault and maintenance records and is shown below:-...
  • Page 341 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 167/220 Types of Event An event may be a change of state of a control input or output relay, an alarm condition, setting change etc. The following sections show the various items that constitute an event:- FIGURE 119 - FILE\OPEN\EVENTS FILE 4.9.1...
  • Page 342 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 168/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.9.3 Relay Alarm conditions. Any alarm conditions generated by the relays will also be logged as individual events. The following table shows examples of some of the alarm conditions and how they appear in the...
  • Page 343 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 169/220 4.9.6 Fault Records Each time a fault record is generated, an event is also created. The event simply states that a fault record was generated, with a corresponding time stamp.
  • Page 344 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 170/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.9.10 Viewing Event Records via MiCOM S1 Support Software When the event records are extracted and viewed on a PC they look slightly different than when viewed on the LCD. The following shows an example of how various events appear when displayed using MiCOM S1:- −...
  • Page 345 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 171/220 FIGURE 120 4.10 Disturbance recorder The integral disturbance recorder has an area of memory specifically set aside for record storage. The number of records that may be stored is dependent upon the selected recording duration but the relays typically have the capability of storing a minimum of 20 records, each of 10.5 second duration.
  • Page 346 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 172/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 The ‘DISTURBANCE RECORDER’ menu column is shown below: Menu text Default setting Setting range Step size DISTURB RECORDER Duration 1.5s 0.1s 10.5s 0.01s Trigger Position 33.3% 100% 0.1% Trigger Mode...
  • Page 347 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 173/220 FIGURE 121 Trigger choices: (Minimum one trigger condition must be present ; for providing Drec file.) It is not possible to view the disturbance records locally via the LCD; they must be extracted using suitable software such as MiCOM S1.
  • Page 348 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 174/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 After extraction the Drec file can be displayed by the viewer integrated in MiCOM S1(See Commissioning test section – chap CT) Click down to select :...
  • Page 349 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 175/220 NEW ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS – VERSION B1.X Maximum of Residual Power Protection – Zero Sequence Power Protection 5.1.1 Function description The aim of protection is to provide the system with selective and autonomous protection against resistive Phase to ground faults.
  • Page 350 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 176/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Sr > Po Fixed Time Delay P3837ENa 3-pole trip is sent out when the residual power threshold “Residual Power" is overshot, after a time-delay "Basis Time Delay" and a IDMT time-delay adjusted by the “K” time delay factor.
  • Page 351 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 177/220 5.1.2 Settings & DDB cells assigned to zero sequence power (ZSP) function DDB cell INPUT associated: The ZSP TIMER BLOCK cell if assigned to an opto input in a dedicated PSL , Zero Sequence Power function will start, but will not perform a trip...
  • Page 352 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 178/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Capacitive Voltage Transformers Supervision (CVT) 5.2.1 Function description This CVT supervision will detect the degradation of one or several capacitors of voltage dividers. It is based on permanent detection of residual voltage.
  • Page 353 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 179/220 5.2.2 Settings & DDB cells assigned to Capacitive Voltage Transformers Supervision (CVT) function FIGURE 123 - FOR ENABLING THE FUNCTION FIGURE 124 – SETTINGS DDB cell OUTPUT associated: The CVT ALARM cell at 1 indicates that the residual voltage is greater than the threshold adjusted in the settings, during a delay greater than the timer adjusted in MiCOM S1.
  • Page 354 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 180/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 PROGRAMMABLE SCHEME LOGIC DEFAULT SETTINGS The relay includes programmable scheme logic (PSL)- one PSL by Group of settings enabled (maximum 4 groups of PSLogic can be assigned in the relay) The purpose of this logic is multi-functional and includes the following: •...
  • Page 355 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 181/220 − Any group from 1 to 4 can be modified (ref of group must be validated before resenting the file from PC to relay) Before creating a dedicated PSL for covering customized application ; please refer to the DDB description cell by cell (conditions of set &...
  • Page 356 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 182/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Logic input mapping The default mappings for each of the opto-isolated inputs are as shown in the following table: − Version A : Optos are in 48VDC polarised (can be energised with the internal field voltage offered by the relay (–J7/J9-J8/J10 in a P441)
  • Page 357 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 183/220...
  • Page 358 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 184/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Opto Input P441 Relay P442 Relay P444 Relay N° Channel Receive (Distance Channel Receive (Distance Channel Receive (Distance or DEF) or DEF) or DEF) Channel out of Service Channel out of Service...
  • Page 359 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 185/220 Relay output contact mapping The default mappings for each of the relay output contacts are as shown in the following table (PSL are equivalent for P441/442/444):- Relay Contact P441 Relay...
  • Page 360 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 186/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Relay output conditioning The default conditioning for each of the relay output contacts are as shown in the following table: Relay Contact P441 Relay P442 Relay P444 Relay N° Straight...
  • Page 361 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 187/220 Input Output Pulse setting Pulse Timer Input Output Pulse setting Input Pick Up/ Output Tp setting Td setting Drop Off Timer Input Tp setting Output Td setting Input Output Timer setting...
  • Page 362 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 188/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Programmable led output mapping The default mappings for each of the programmable LED’s are as shown in the following table:- P441 Relay P442 Relay P444 Relay N° Any Trip A...
  • Page 363 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 189/220 CURRENT TRANSFORMER REQUIREMENTS Two calculations must be performed – once for the three phase fault current at the zone 1 reach, and once for earth (ground) faults. The highest of the two calculated Vk voltages...
  • Page 364 P44x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes Page 190/220 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 395 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 TECHNICAL DATA...

  • Page 397: Environment

    Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/30 CONTENT RATINGS Currents Voltages Auxiliary Voltage Frequency Logic inputs Output Relay Contacts Field Voltage Loop through connections Wiring requirements BURDENS Current Circuit Voltage Circuit Auxiliary Supply Optically-Isolated Inputs ACCURACY Reference Conditions...
  • Page 398 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 2/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.1.10 Conducted Immunity IEC61000-4-6:1996 4.1.11 Surge Immunity IEC61000-4-5:1995 4.1.12 EMC Compliance 4.1.13 Power Frequency Interference - Electricity Association (UK) Atmospheric Environment 4.2.1 Temperature IEC60255-6:1988 4.2.2 Humidity IEC60068-2-3:1969 4.2.3 Enclosure Protection IEC60529:1989 4.2.4...
  • Page 399 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 3/30 Channel Aided Directional Earth Fault Protection 6.8.1 Threshold Settings Under Voltage Protection 6.9.1 Threshold Settings 6.9.2 Under Voltage Protection Time Delay Characteristics 6.10 Over Voltage Protection 6.10.1 Threshold Settings 6.10.2 Time Delay Characteristics 6.11...
  • Page 400 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 4/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 401 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/30 RATINGS Currents = 1A or 5A ac rms (dual rated). Separate terminals are provided for the 1A and 5A windings, with the neutral input of each winding sharing one terminal.
  • Page 402 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 6/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Auxiliary Voltage The relay is available in three auxiliary voltage versions, these are specified in the table below: Nominal Ranges Operative dc range Operative ac range 24-48V dc 19 - 65 V...
  • Page 403 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/30 Output Relay Contacts Make & Carry 30A for 3s Carry 250A for 30ms 10A continuous Break DC: 50W resistive DC: 37.5W inductive (L/R = 40ms) AC: 1250VA AC: 1250VA inductive (P.F. = 0.7)
  • Page 404 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 8/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BURDENS Current Circuit CT burden (at nominal current) <0.04VA <0.4VA Voltage Circuit Reference voltage (Vn) Vn = 100/120V <0.03VA Auxiliary Supply Case Size Nominal* Maximum** Size 8 15VA dc 16W ac...
  • Page 405 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 9/30 ACCURACY For all accuracies specified, the repeatability is ±2.5% unless otherwise specified. If no range is specified for the validity of the accuracy, then the specified accuracy shall be valid over the full setting range.
  • Page 408 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 12/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Influencing Quantities No additional errors will be incurred for any of the following influencing quantities: Quantity Operative range (typical only) Environmental Temperature -25°C to +55°C Mechanical (Vibration, Shock, Bump, According to...
  • Page 409 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 13/30 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE The product complies with the following specifications : Electrical Environment 4.1.1 DC Supply Interruptions IEC60255-11:1979 The product will withstand a 20ms interruption in the auxiliary voltage in its quiescent condition.
  • Page 410 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 14/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.1.9 Radiated Immunity IEC60255-22-3:1989 Class/Level III/3 - 10V/m at 1kHz 80% am., 20MHz to 1GHz. 4.1.10 Conducted Immunity IEC61000-4-6:1996 Level 3 - 10Vrms at 1kHz 80% am.- 0.15 to 80MHz.
  • Page 411 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 15/30 Mechanical Environment 4.3.1 Vibration IEC60255-21-1:1988 Vibration Response Class 2 - 1g Vibration Endurance Class 2 - 2g. 4.3.2 Shock and Bump IEC60255-21-2:1988 Shock response Class 2 - 10g Shock withstand Class 1 - 15g Bump Class 1 - 10g 4.3.3...
  • Page 412 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 16/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 ANSI TEST REQUIREMENTS The products shall meet the ANSI / IEEE requirements as follows:- ANSI / IEEE C37.90.1989 Standards for relays and relay systems associated with electric power apparatus. ANSI / IEEE C37.90.1: 1989 Surge withstand capability (SWC) tests for protective relays and relay systems:- Oscillatory test - 1MHz to 1.5MHz, 2.5kV to 3.0kV,...
  • Page 413 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 17/30 PROTECTION SETTING RANGES Distance Protection 6.1.1 Line Settings Setting Range Step size Length of line (Ln) 0.3 - 1000 km 0.010 km 0.2 - 625 miles 0.005 miles –90° - 90°...
  • Page 414 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 18/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 6.1.3 Power-swing settings = 1 A = 5 A Setting Range Step size Range Step size Powerswing detection boundaries: 0 - 400 Ω 0.01 Ω 0 - 80 Ω 0.002 Ω...
  • Page 415 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 19/30 6.2.1 Programmable distance schemes Setting Range Signal Send Zone No Signal Send/Signal send on Z1/ Signal send on Z2/ Signal send on Z4 Type of Scheme on signal None/None+Z1X/Aided scheme for Z1 faults/Aided...
  • Page 416 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 20/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Back-up Overcurrent Protection 6.3.1 Threshold Settings Setting Stage Range Step size I>1 Current Set 1st Stage 0.08 - 4.0 0.01 I>2 Current Set 2nd Stage 0.08 - 4.0 0.01 I>3 Current Set TOR/SOTF protection 0.08 - 32...
  • Page 417 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 21/30 α Constant IDMT Curve description Standard K Constant L Constant Standard Inverse 0.14 0.02 Very Inverse 13.5 Extremely Inverse Long Time Inverse Moderately Inverse IEEE 0.0515 0.02 0.114 Very Inverse IEEE 19.61...
  • Page 418 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 22/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 α Constant IEEE/US IDMT Curve description Standard tr Constant Moderately Inverse IEEE 0.0515 0.02 Very Inverse IEEE 19.61 Extremely Inverse IEEE 28.2 Inverse US-C08 5.95 Short Time Inverse US-C02 0.02394 0.02...
  • Page 419 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 23/30 Zero sequence Power Protection (since B1.0) Threshold Settings Setting Range Step Size Po Status Enabled/Disabled. Time Delay Fact. 0 – 2s 0.200s Fix Time Delay 0 – 10s 0.010s IN current set 0.05 - 4...
  • Page 420 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 24/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Setting Range Step Size DT setting 0 - 100s 0.01s TMS Setting (K) 0.5 - 100 Definite time and TMS setting ranges 6.10 Over Voltage Protection 6.10.1 Threshold Settings Setting...
  • Page 421 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 25/30 6.13 Current Transformer Supervision Setting Range Step size CTS VN< Inhibit 0.5 - 22V (for Vn = 100/120V) 0.5V CTS IN> Set 0.08 0.01 CTS Time Delay 0 - 10s 6.14...
  • Page 422 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 26/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 MEASUREMENT SETTINGS Disturbance Recorder Settings Setting Range Step Record Length 0 - 10.5s 0.1s Trigger position 0 - 100% 0.1% Trigger mode Single / Extended Sample Rate 12 Samples/Cycle Fixed...
  • Page 423 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 27/30 CONTROL FUNCTION SETTINGS Communications Settings Front port Communication Parameters (Fixed) Protocol Courier Address Message format IEC60870FT1.2 Baud rate 19200 bits/s Rear port settings Setting options Setting available for: Physical link...
  • Page 424 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 28/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Setting Range Step Size Block auto-recloser At T2 At T3 At Tzp LoL Trip I2> Trip I>1 Trip I>2 Trip V<1 Trip V<2 Trip V>1 Trip V>2 trip IN>1 Trip IN>2 Trip...
  • Page 425 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 29/30 Circuit Breaker Control Name Range Step size CB Control by Disabled/ Local/ Remote/ Local+Remote/ Opto/ Opto+local/ Opto+Remote/ Opto+Rem+local Manual close pulse time 0.1 to 10s 0.01s Trip pulse time 0.1 to 5s 0.01s...
  • Page 426 P44x/EN TD/E33 Technical Data Page 30/30 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Programmable Logic The programmable logic is not editable from the relay menu, a dedicated support package is provided as part of the MiCOM S1 support software. This is a graphical editor for the programmable logic.
  • Page 427 Installation P44x/EN IN/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 INSTALLATION...
  • Page 429 Installation P44x/EN IN/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/10 CONTENT RECEIPT OF RELAYS STORAGE UNPACKING RELAY MOUNTING Rack mounting Panel mounting RELAY WIRING Medium and heavy duty terminal block connections RS485 port IRIG-B connections (if applicable) RS232 port Download/monitor port...
  • Page 430 P44x/EN IN/E33 Installation Page 2/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 431 If damage has been sustained, a claim should be made to the transport contractor and AREVA T&D Protection & Control should be promptly notified. Relays that are supplied unmounted and not intended for immediate installation should be returned to their protective polythene bags and delivery carton.
  • Page 432 P44x/EN IN/E33 Installation Page 4/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 RELAY MOUNTING MiCOM relays are dispatched either individually or as part of a panel/rack assembly. Individual relays are normally supplied with an outline diagram showing the dimensions for panel cut-outs and hole centres. This information can also be found in the product publication.
  • Page 433 Installation P44x/EN IN/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/10 Rack mounting MiCOM relays may be rack mounted using single tier rack frames (our part number FX0021 001), as illustrated in figure 2. These frames have been designed to have dimensions in accordance with IEC60297 and are supplied pre-assembled ready to use.
  • Page 434 P44x/EN IN/E33 Installation Page 6/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Further details on mounting MiDOS relays can be found in publication R7012, “MiDOS Parts Catalogue and Assembly Instructions”. Case size summation Blanking plate part number GJ2028 001 10TE GJ2028 002 15TE...
  • Page 435 Installation P44x/EN IN/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/10 Width Single tier Double tier 10TE GJ9018 002 GJ9018 018 15TE GJ9018 003 GJ9018 019 20TE GJ9018 004 GJ9018 020 25TE GJ9018 005 GJ9018 021 30TE GJ9018 006 GJ9018 022 35TE...
  • Page 436 If required, AREVA T&D Protection & Control can supply M4 90° crimp ring terminals in three different sizes depending on wire size (see Table 3). Each type is available in bags of 100.
  • Page 437 Installation P44x/EN IN/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 9/10 IRIG-B connections (if applicable) The IRIG-B input and BNC connector have a characteristic impedance of 50Ω. It is recommended that connections between the IRIG-B equipment and the relay are made using coaxial cable of type RG59LSF with a halogen free, fire retardant sheath.
  • Page 438 P44x/EN IN/E33 Installation Page 10/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 439 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 COMMISSIONING...
  • Page 441 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/54 CONTENT INTRODUCTION SETTING FAMILIARISATION EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR COMMISSIONING Minimum Equipment Required Optional Equipment PRODUCT CHECKS With the Relay De-energised 4.1.1 Visual Inspection 4.1.2 Current Transformer Shorting Contacts 4.1.3 External Wiring 4.1.4 Insulation 4.1.5...
  • Page 442 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 2/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Demonstrate Correct Overcurrent Function Operation 5.4.1 Connect the Test Circuit 5.4.2 Perform the Test 5.4.3 Check the Operating Time Check Trip and Auto-reclose Cycle ON-LOAD CHECKS Voltage Connections Current Connections FINAL CHECKS...
  • Page 443 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 3/54 INTRODUCTION The MiCOM P440 distance protection relays are fully numerical in their design, implementing all protection and non-protection functions in software. The relays employ a high degree of self-checking and, in the unlikely event of a failure, will give an alarm. As a result of this, the commissioning tests do not need to be as extensive as with non-numeric electronic or electro-mechanical relays.
  • Page 444 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 4/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 SETTING FAMILIARISATION When commissioning a MiCOM P440 relay for the first time, sufficient time should be allowed to become familiar with the method by which the settings are applied. Chapter P44x/EN IT contains a detailed description of the menu structure of the relays.
  • Page 445 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/54 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR COMMISSIONING Minimum Equipment Required Overcurrent test set with interval timer 110V ac voltage supply (if stage 1 of the overcurrent function is set directional) Multimeter with suitable ac current range, and ac and dc voltage ranges of 0-440V and 0-...
  • Page 446 NOTE: In the event that the password has been lost, a recovery password can be obtained from AREVA by quoting the serial number of the relay. The recovery password is unique to that relay and will not work on any other relay.
  • Page 447 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/54 4.1.1 Visual Inspection Carefully examine the relay to see that no physical damage has occurred since installation. The rating information given under the top access cover on the front of the relay should be checked to ensure it is correct for the particular installation.
  • Page 448 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 8/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 IRIG-B P3003ENa FIGURE 1C - REAR TERMINAL BLOCKS ON SIZE 80TE CASE (P444) 4.1.2 Current Transformer Shorting Contacts If required, the current transformer shorting contacts can be checked to ensure that they close when the heavy duty terminal block (block reference C in figure 1) is disconnected from the current input PCB.
  • Page 449 The relay diagram number appears on the rating label under the top access cover on the front of the relay. The corresponding connection diagram will have been supplied with the AREVA order acknowledgement for the relay. If an MMLG test block is provided, the connections should be checked against the scheme (wiring) diagram.
  • Page 450 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 10/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.1.5 Watchdog Contacts Using a continuity tester, check that the normally closed watchdog contacts are in the states given in table 2 for a de-energised relay. Terminals Contact State Relay De-energised...
  • Page 451 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 11/54 4.2.3 With an IRIG-B signal (models P442 or P444 only) If a satellite time clock signal conforming to IRIG-B is provided and the relay has the optional IRIG-B port fitted, the satellite clock equipment should be energised.
  • Page 452 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 12/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Testing the user-programmable leds To test the user-programmable LEDs set cell [0F10: COMMISSIONING TESTS, Test LEDs] to ‘Apply Test’. Check that all 8 LEDs on the right-hand side of the relay illuminate.
  • Page 453 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 13/54 Apply field voltage to terminals P441 P442 P444 Opto input 12 Opto input 13 Opto input 14 Opto input 15 (P442 only) Opto input 16 (P442 only) Opto input 17 Opto input 18...
  • Page 454 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 14/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Output Monitor terminals P441 P442 P444 Relay 1 E1-E2 H1-H2 M1-M2 Relay 2 E3-E4 H3-H4 M3-M4 Relay 3 E5-E6 H5-H6 M5-M6 Relay 4 E7-E9 E8-E9 H7-H9 H8-H9 M7-M8 Relay 5 E10-E12...
  • Page 455 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 15/54 4.2.9 Rear Communications Port This test should only be performed where the relay is to be accessed from a remote location and will vary depending on the communications standard being adopted.
  • Page 456 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 16/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 4.2.10 Current Inputs This test verifies that the accuracy of current measurement is within the acceptable tolerances. All relays will leave the factory set for operation at a system frequency of 50Hz. If operation at 60Hz is required then this must be set in cell [0009: SYSTEM DATA, Frequency].
  • Page 457 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 17/54 The measured voltage values on the relay will either be in primary or secondary volts. If cell [0D02: MEASURE’T SETUP, Local Values] is set to ‘Primary’, the values displayed on the relay should be equal to the applied voltage multiplied by the corresponding voltage transformer ratio set in the ‘VT and CT RATIOS’...
  • Page 458 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 18/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 SETTING CHECKS The setting checks ensure that all of the application-specific relay settings (i.e. both the relay’s function and programmable scheme logic settings) for the particular installation have been correctly applied to the relay.
  • Page 459 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 19/54 Demonstrate Correct Distance Function Operation 5.3.1 Functional Tests : Start control & Distance characteristic limits Despite of working in 100% numeric technology some tests could be performed in order to control the good feature of the relay; regarding the different choices in the functions and settings (settings of protection (with S1/settings &...
  • Page 460 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 20/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Control of ratios VT & CT Control the measurement reference W0001ENa FIGURE 3 NB1 : Control the measurement reference (ref. angle of phase shift) in : "Measurt set up/Measurement ref." (VA by default).
  • Page 461 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 21/54 FIGURE 4 - MEASUREMENT 1/LCD MENU (see complete description of menu in chapter HI) Control of the polarisation of the protection : inject a three-phase symmetrical charge according to the following table : 20°...
  • Page 462 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 22/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 (S1/Measurement setup/Measurement mode): Measurement mode Selected in S1 by: W0002ENa FIGURE 5 Mode 0 Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 P3014ENa FIGURE 6 − Control the signs of values P,Q to LCD ("Measurements 2 ") – settable with LCD (see...
  • Page 463 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 23/54 MEASURE'T SETUP Default Display Default Display Measurement Ref Description Description Default Display Measurement Ref Measurement Ref Date and Time Measurement Ref Default Display P - P Default Display Measurement Ref U - I Freq...
  • Page 464 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 24/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 5.3.1.2 Default simulation principle To simulate a single-phase fault The distance protection detects a single-phase default in E if the impedance and phase of this point place it inside the characteristic. The relation of impedance and phase with the voltage and current injected is as follows : −...
  • Page 465 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 25/54 W0003ENa FIGURE 9 - EXAMPLE OF ZGRAPH SCREEN (RIO FORMAT CAN BE CREATED AS WELL) W0004ENa FIGURE 10 - EVOLVING IMPEDANCE FROM THE LOAD AREA TO THE FINAL FAULT IMPEDANCE IN ZONE1 To simulate a default in a zone, it’s necessary to vary progressively the current to move the...
  • Page 466 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 26/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 W0005ENa FIGURE 11 - SINGLE CHARACTERISTIC WITH P FORWARD ZONE Z1, Z2, Z3, Zp, Z4 : limits of zone 1, 2, 3, p, 4 R1G, R2G, R3G, RpG : limits in resistance of zone 1, 2, 3, p, 4 for single-phase fault.
  • Page 467 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 27/54 In the characteristic above, the marked parts A, B et C are intersections between several zones. • The surface A is considered as being in zone 1. • The surface B is not a part of the characteristic (no start element).
  • Page 468 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 28/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 To simulate a two-phase fault The two-phase fault simulation principle is the same as the one used to simulate a single- phase fault but : − the voltage reference is the line to line voltage between phases, Uab for example;...
  • Page 469 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 29/54 5.3.1.3 Control & Test of starting characteristics IN THIS PART – TESTS ARE DESCRIBED WITH THE DEFAULT PARAMETERS (AREVA T&D EAI ) Open the file corresponding to the MiCOM characteristic. (see item :test tools/S1 user) If...
  • Page 470 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 30/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 LED 8 Latching DDB #069 DDB #191 LED 7 Latching DDB #070 DDB #193 Non- LED 8 Latching DDB #071 DDB #198 P3018ENa FIGURE 14 If Led are latched, the reset latch could be activated by a dedicated PSL, to avoid useless...
  • Page 471 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 31/54 Test point I,V phase shift Tripping time B :Bi M :mono (I is behind V) R1 B 0° R1 M 0° R2 B 0° R2 M 0° Rp B 0° Rp M 0°...
  • Page 472 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 32/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 W0010ENa If Z3 is deactivated, the resistance limits R3-R4 are not more visible in S1. NOTE : All other characteristic point can be tested after having calculated the impedance and the phase shift between U et I.
  • Page 473 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 33/54 W0013ENa FIGURE 19 - EXAMPLE : ABC-LIMZ4 (REVERSE) VAN/IAN = Zf=Rf=20V/0,500mA=40Ω=Lim Z4 with angle(VAN/IAN)=70°-180°=-110° NOTE : The simulator use generating transients superior to 0,2 In on currents when fault condition generation can induce mistake about the directional calculation with algorithms "Deltas".
  • Page 474 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 34/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 5.3.2 Distance scheme test (if validated in S1 & PSL) 5.3.2.1 Control • The type of distance scheme enable in S1 • The DDB cells assigned for distance scheme • Ref to the description feature in P44x /EN AP item 2.4 & 2.5: ⇒...
  • Page 475 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 35/54 5.3.3 Loss of guard/loss of carrier TEST If this function have been validated in S1 (See chap P44x /EN AP): TEST : Follow the truth table in P44x /EN AP item 2.6.4...
  • Page 476 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 36/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Put into service the weak infeed mode (Possibility of Single pole except for P441) ; Inhibit tripping authorisation and phase selection. Activate the teleaction input. Check : the teleaction transmission signal is activated;...
  • Page 477 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 37/54 Outside sign : Polarised the input : and check the outputs change condition : Sign repercussions : The sign (VT fail alarm) fall if : MCB/VTS Line VTS Fast DDB #101...
  • Page 478 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 38/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 If [3502: GROUP 1 OVERCURRENT, I>1 Direction] is set to ‘Directional Fwd’, the current should flow out of terminal C2 but into C2 if set to ‘Directional Rev’. If cell [351D: GROUP 1 OVERCURRENT, VCO Status] is set to ‘Enabled’ (overcurrent...
  • Page 479 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 39/54 Check Trip and Auto-reclose Cycle If the autoreclose function is being used, the circuit breaker trip and autoreclose cycle can be tested automatically at the application-specific settings. To test the first autoreclose cycle, set cell [0F11: COMMISSIONING TESTS, Test Autoreclose] to “3 Pole Test”.
  • Page 480 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 40/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 ON-LOAD CHECKS Remove all test leads, temporary shorting leads, etc. and replace any external wiring that has been removed to allow testing. If it has been necessary to disconnect any of the external wiring from the relay in order to perform any of the foregoing tests, it should be ensured that all connections are replaced in accordance with the relevant external connection or scheme diagram.
  • Page 481 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 41/54 Current Connections Measure the current transformer secondary values for each using a multimeter connected in series with corresponding relay current input. Check that the current transformer polarities are correct by measuring the phase angle...
  • Page 482 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 42/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 FINAL CHECKS The tests are now complete. Remove all test or temporary shorting leads, etc. If it has been necessary to disconnect any of the external wiring from the relay in order to perform the wiring verification tests, it should be ensured that all connections are replaced in accordance with the relevant external connection or scheme diagram.
  • Page 483 MAINTENANCE Maintenance Period It is recommended that products supplied by AREVA T&D Protection & Control receive regular monitoring after installation. As with all products some deterioration with time is inevitable. In view of the critical nature of protective relays and their infrequent operation, it is desirable to confirm that they are operating correctly at regular intervals.
  • Page 484 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 44/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Method of Repair If the relay should develop a fault whilst in service, depending on the nature of the fault, the watchdog contacts will change state and an alarm condition will be flagged. Due to the extensive use of surface-mount components faulty PCBs should be replaced as it is not possible to perform repairs on damaged circuits.
  • Page 485 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 45/54 8.3.2 Replacing a PCB If the relay fails to operate correctly refer to Chapter P44x/EN PR, ‘Problem Analysis’, to help determine which PCB has become faulty. To replace any of the relay’s PCBs it is necessary to first remove the front panel.
  • Page 486 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 46/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Power supply Relay board Relay board Opto board Not used Input board Transformer board Not used IRIG-B board board Power supply module Input module P0151ENa FIGURE 23 - P442 PCB/MODULE LOCATIONS (VIEWED FROM FRONT) The PCBs within the relay are now accessible.
  • Page 487 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 47/54 8.3.2.1 Replacement of the main processor board The main processor board is located in the front panel, not within the case as with all the other PCBs. Place the front panel with the user interface face-down and remove the six screws from the metallic screen, as shown in figure 24.
  • Page 488 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 48/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 8.3.2.2 Replacement of the IRIG-B board Depending on the model number of the relay, the IRIG-B board may have connections for IRIG-B signals, IEC60870-5-103 (VDEW) communications, both or not be present at all.
  • Page 489 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 49/54 Refit the front panel using the reverse procedure to that given in section 8.3.2. After refitting and closing the access covers on case sizes 60TE, press at the location of the hinge- assistance T-pieces so that they click back into the front panel moulding.
  • Page 490 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 50/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 8.3.2.4 Replacement of the power supply board The power supply board is fastened to a relay board to form the power supply module and is located on the extreme left-hand side of all MiCOM distance relays.
  • Page 491 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 51/54 8.3.2.5 Replacement of the relay board in the power supply module Remove and replace the relay board in the power supply module as described in 8.3.2.4 above. The relay board is the one with the board with holes cut in it to allow the transformer and two large electrolytic capacitors to protrude through.
  • Page 492 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 52/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 P3013XXa FIGURE 30 - TYPICALOPTO BOARD Once the relay has been reassembled after repair, it should be recommissioned in accordance with the instructions in sections 1 to 7 inclusive of this chapter.
  • Page 493 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 53/54 Ensure that the battery is securely held in its socket and that the battery terminals are making good contact with the metal terminals of the socket. Close the bottom access cover.
  • Page 494 P44x/EN CM/E33 Commissioning Page 54/54 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 495 Commissioning Test & Record P44x/EN RS/E33 Sheets MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 COMMISSIONING TEST & RECORD SHEETS...
  • Page 497 Commissioning Test & Record P44x/EN RS/E33 Sheets MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/10 CONTENT COMMISSIONING TEST RECORD Product Checks 1.1.1 With the Relay De-energised 1.1.2 With the Relay Energised Setting Checks 1.2.1 Application-specific function settings applied? 1.2.2 Application-specific function settings verified? 1.2.3...
  • Page 498 P44x/EN RS/E33 Commissioning Test & Record Sheets Page 2/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 499 Commissioning Test & Record P44x/EN RS/E33 Sheets MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 3/10 COMMISSIONING TEST RECORD Date Engineer Station Circuit System Frequency Front Plate Information Distance protection relay P441/P442/P444* Model number Serial number Rated Current In Rated Voltage Vn Auxiliary Voltage Vx...
  • Page 500 P44x/EN RS/E33 Commissioning Test & Record Sheets Page 4/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 1.1.1.5 Watchdog Contacts (auxiliary supply off) Terminals 11 and 12 Contact closed? Yes/No* Contact resistance ___Ω/Not measured* Terminals 13 and 14 Contact open? Yes/No* 1.1.1.6 Measured Auxiliary Supply ______V ac/dc* 1.1.2...
  • Page 501 Commissioning Test & Record P44x/EN RS/E33 Sheets MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/10 1.1.2.5 Input Opto-isolators Opto input 1 working? Yes/No* Opto input 2 working? Yes/No* Opto input 3 working? Yes/No* Opto input 4 working? Yes/No* Opto input 5 working?
  • Page 502 P44x/EN RS/E33 Commissioning Test & Record Sheets Page 6/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Relay 6 Working? Yes/No* Contact resistance (N/C) ____Ω/Not measured* (N/O) ____Ω/Not measured* Relay 7 Working? Yes/No* Contact resistance (N/C) ____Ω/Not measured* (N/O) ____Ω/Not measured* Relay 8 Working?
  • Page 503 Commissioning Test & Record P44x/EN RS/E33 Sheets MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/10 Relay 20 Working? Yes/No/na* Contact resistance (N/C) ____Ω/Not measured* (N/O) ____Ω/Not measured* Relay 21 Working? Yes/No/na* Contact resistance (N/C) ____Ω/Not measured* (N/O) ____Ω/Not measured* Relay 22 Working?
  • Page 504 P44x/EN RS/E33 Commissioning Test & Record Sheets Page 8/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 1.1.2.7 Rear Communications Port Communication standard K-Bus/Modbus/ IEC60870- 5-103* Communications established? Yes/No* Protocol converter tested? Yes/No/na* 1.1.2.8 Current Inputs Displayed Current Primary/Secondary*   Phase Primary] ...
  • Page 505 Commissioning Test & Record P44x/EN RS/E33 Sheets MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 9/10 Setting Checks 1.2.1 Application-specific function settings applied? Yes/No* Application-specific programmable scheme logic settings applied? Yes/No/na* If settings applied using a portable computer and software, which __________________ software and version was used? 1.2.2...
  • Page 506 P44x/EN RS/E33 Commissioning Test & Record Sheets Page 10/10 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 1.3.2 CT wiring checked ? Yes/No/na* CT polarities correct ? Yes/No* Displayed Current Primary/Secondary*   [Phase Primary]     _______A/na* [Phase Sec'  ...
  • Page 507 Connection Diagrams P44x/EN CO/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 CONNECTION DIAGRAMS...
  • Page 509 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/12 CONTENT MiCOM P441 – HARDWARE DESCRIPTION MiCOM P441 – WIRING DIAGRAM (1/2) MiCOM P441 – WIRING DIAGRAM (2/2) MiCOM P442 – HARDWARE DESCRIPTION MiCOM P442 – WIRING DIAGRAM (1/2) MiCOM P442 – WIRING DIAGRAM (2/2) MiCOM P444 –...
  • Page 510 P44x/EN CO/E33 Connection Diagrams Page 2/12 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 511 Connection Diagrams P44x/EN CO/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 3/12 MiCOM P441 – HARDWARE DESCRIPTION...
  • Page 512 P44x/EN CO/E33 Connection Diagrams Page 4/12 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 MiCOM P441 – WIRING DIAGRAM (1/2)
  • Page 513 Connection Diagrams P44x/EN CO/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 5/12 MiCOM P441 – WIRING DIAGRAM (2/2)
  • Page 514 P44x/EN CO/E33 Connection Diagrams Page 6/12 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 MiCOM P442 – HARDWARE DESCRIPTION...
  • Page 515 Connection Diagrams P44x/EN CO/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 7/12 MiCOM P442 – WIRING DIAGRAM (1/2)
  • Page 516 P44x/EN CO/E33 Connection Diagrams Page 8/12 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 MiCOM P442 – WIRING DIAGRAM (2/2)
  • Page 517 Connection Diagrams P44x/EN CO/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 9/12 MiCOM P444 – HARDWARE DESCRIPTION...
  • Page 518 P44x/EN CO/E33 Connection Diagrams Page 10/12 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 MiCOM P444 – WIRING DIAGRAM (1/2)
  • Page 519 Connection Diagrams P44x/EN CO/E33 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 11/12 MiCOM P444 – WIRING DIAGRAM (2/2)
  • Page 520 P44x/EN CO/E33 Connection Diagrams Page 12/12 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 521 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 CONFIGURATION / MAPPING...
  • Page 522 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 2 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 This documentation version E44 is specific to the following models Model number P441-------30-G or J P442-------30-G or J P444-------30-G or J or H For other models / software versions, please contact ALSTOM T&D Protection and...
  • Page 523 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 1 Configuration / Mapping This Chapter is split into several sections, these are as follows: Part A: Menu database This database defines the structure of the relay menu for the Courier interface and the front panel user interface.
  • Page 524 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 2 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part F: DNP3.0 Database This database defines the structure of the menu for the DNP3.0 interface. This includes all the relay settings and measurements. Part G: Maintenance records This section of the Appendix specifies all the maintenance information that can be produced by the relay.
  • Page 564 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 40 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION UNSIGNED INTEGER eg. 5678 stored as 5678 NUMERIC SETTING See 50300.3110.004 ASCII TEXT CHARACTERS 0x00FF Second character 0xFF00 First character...
  • Page 565 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 41 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION 0x0000,0x0800 Opto 12 Input State (0=Off, 1=Energised) 0x0000,0x1000 Opto 13 Input State (0=Off, 1=Energised) 0x0000,0x2000 Opto 14 Input State (0=Off, 1=Energised)
  • Page 566 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 42 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION Platform event Fault logged event Maintenance Record logged event PAS UTILISE I> Function Link Bit 0 I>1 VTS Block Bit 1 I>1 VTS Block Non-Directionnal...
  • Page 567 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 43 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION High order word of long stored in 1st register Low order word of long stored in 2nd register Example 123456.789 stored as 123456789...
  • Page 568 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 44 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION 0x0000,0x0020 Digital Channel 1 Bit 5 (0 = No Trigger, 1= Trigger) 0x0000,0x0040 Digital Channel 1 Bit 6 (0 = No Trigger, 1= Trigger)
  • Page 569 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 45 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION Even None CHECK SYNC INPUT SELECTION CHECK SYNC VOLTAGE BLOCKING None Undervoltage Differential Both CHECK SYNC SLIP CONTROL None Timer...
  • Page 570 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 46 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION SELECT FACTORY DEFAULTS No Operation All Settings Setting Group 1 Setting Group 2 Setting Group 3 Setting Group 4 SELECT PRIMARY SECONDARY MEASUREMENTS...
  • Page 571 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 47 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION No Trigger Trigger L/H Trigger H/L THERMAL OVERLOAD Disabled Single Dual CB Fail Reset Options I< Only CB Open & I<...
  • Page 572 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 48 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION Invisible Visible Reset Lockout by User Interface CB Close A/R Protection blocking No Block Block Inst Prot A/R Status Auto Mode...
  • Page 573 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 49 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION 0x0400, 0x0000 Trip CB Fail2 0x0800, 0x0000 Trip Zero Seq. Pow. 0x1000, 0x0000 Trip PAP 0x2000, 0x0000 Trip Thermal 0x4000, 0x0000...
  • Page 574 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 50 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION 0x4000,0x0000 0x8000,0x0000 Alarms Alarm Disabled Alarm Enabled Main VT Location Line Group Selection Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4...
  • Page 575 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 51 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION Copy to No Operation Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 CB Control Disabled Local Remote Local+Remote Opto Opto+local...
  • Page 576 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 52 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION BlkZ1 BlkZ2 G110 Zone in Fault None Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone Programmable Zone 4 G111 Bit Position...
  • Page 577 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 53 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION Bit 2 TOR Z3 Enabled Bit 3 TOR All Zones Enabled Bit 4 TOR Dist. Scheme Enabled Bit 5 SOTF All Zones...
  • Page 578 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 54 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION G131 ENABLED / DISABLED Disabled Earth Fault O/C Zero Seq. Power G200 Treshold Voltages 24-27V 30-34V 48-54V 110-125V 220-250V Custom...
  • Page 579 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 55 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION G206 COMMS MODE (RCUR1) IEC60870 FT1.2 10-bit G207 PORT CONFIG (RCUR1) K Bus EIA485 (RS485) G208 STATUS (RCUR1) K Bus OK...
  • Page 580 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 56 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION 0x00800000 Control Input 24 0x01000000 Control Input 25 0x02000000 Control Input 26 0x04000000 Control Input 27 0x08000000 Control Input 28...
  • Page 581 Courrier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 57 Part B: Data Types TYPE VALUE/BIT MASK DESCRIPTION G239 IEC61850-9.2LE Electrical Fibre Optic G240 Logical Node Arrangement LN 1 LN1(without I0)-LN2(I0) LN1-LN2(I0) LN1-LN2(6I) LN1-LN2(3 I) LN1-LN1B LN1-LN1B-LN2B LN1-LN2(6I)-LN1B...
  • Page 582 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 58 Part C: Internal Digital Signals - DDB Element DDB Element Name Ordinal English Text Description Source DDB_ENTRY (DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_1 Relay Label 01 OUTPUT RELAY 1 RELAY DDB_ENTRY (DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_2 Relay Label 02...
  • Page 583 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 59 Part C: Internal Digital Signals - DDB Element DDB Element Name Ordinal English Text Description Source DDB_ENTRY (DDB_INP_52A_C CB Aux C (52-A) Circuit breaker pole A closed/Status input from CB...
  • Page 584 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 60 Part C: Internal Digital Signals - DDB Element DDB Element Name Ordinal English Text Description Source DDB_ENTRY (DDB_PRT_AR_ENABLE A/R Enable Autorecloser enabled / in service PSL (OUT) Autorecloser...
  • Page 585 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 61 Part C: Internal Digital Signals - DDB Element DDB Element Name Ordinal English Text Description Source DDB_ENTRY (DDB_PRT_CB_AUX_B CB Aux B CB Phase B status PSL (OUT) CB status...
  • Page 586 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 62 Part C: Internal Digital Signals - DDB Element DDB Element Name Ordinal English Text Description Source DDB_ENTRY (DDB_TIMERIN_12 Timer in 12 PSL Input from Auxiliary Timer 12 Auxiliary Timer...
  • Page 587 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 63 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step Read and write access of Output Relays Contact -1.
  • Page 588 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 64 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 30137 30138 Fault Location Data...
  • Page 589 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 65 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 30741 30742 DDB element 319 - 288...
  • Page 590 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 66 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 40405 40405 Save Changes Command...
  • Page 591 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 67 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 40642 40642 Input 16 Trigger...
  • Page 592 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 68 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 40967 40967 Control Input 16...
  • Page 593 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 69 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 410348 410355 Control Input 32...
  • Page 594 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 70 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 41076 41076 LoL. Chan. Fail...
  • Page 595 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 71 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 41958 41958 V> Measur't Mode...
  • Page 596 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 72 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Part D: Menu Data Base for MODBUS Modbus Address Group P441A P441B Start Modbus P442AG P442BG P444AG P444BG P444AH P444BH Cell Type Step 42920 42919 Relay 41 Setting...
  • Page 597 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 73 Part E: IEC870-5-103 (VDEW) Model Number ASDU Description Interpretation P441 P442 P444G P444H System Functions(Monitor) End of General Interrogration Time Syncronisation Reset FCB Reset CU Start/Restart Power On Note: Identification message in ASDU 5: ALSTOM P44x Software ref i.e.
  • Page 598 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 74 Measurands (Monitor) Measurand I Measurands I,V Measurands I,V,P,Q Measurands IN,VEN Measurands IL1,2,3,VL1,2,3,P,Q,f Generic Functions(Monitor) 42,43 Read Headings 42,43 Read attributes of all entries of a group 42,43 Read directory of entry...
  • Page 599 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 75 1,7,9 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_41 1,7,9 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_42 1,7,9 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_43 1,7,9 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_44 1,7,9 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_45 1,7,9 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_46 1,7,9,11 Opto 1 DDB_OPTO_ISOLATOR_1 1,7,9,11 Opto 2 DDB_OPTO_ISOLATOR_2 1,7,9,11 Opto 3 DDB_OPTO_ISOLATOR_3 1,7,9,11 Opto 4 DDB_OPTO_ISOLATOR_4...
  • Page 600 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 76 DDB_INP_ZSP_TIMER_BLOCK DDB_INP_PAP_TELETRIP_REC DDB_INP_PAP_TELETRIP_HEALT DDB_INP_PAP_TIMER_BLOCK DDB_INP_SBEF_TIMER_BLOCK_3 DDB_INP_SBEF_TIMER_BLOCK_4 DDB_INP_RESET_THERMAL DDB_INP_TIMESYNC 1,7,9 DDB_ALARM_GENERAL 9,11 Test mode DDB_ALARM_PROT_DISABLED 1,7,9 DDB_ALARM_F_OUT_OF_RANGE 1,7,9 VT fuse failure DDB_ALARM_VTS_SLOW 1,7,9 Trip circuit supervision DDB_ALARM_CTS 1,7,9 Breaker Failure...
  • Page 601 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 77 DDB_PRT_TZP 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_WI_TRIP_A 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_WI_TRIP_B 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_WI_TRIP_C 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_POWER_SWING 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_REVERSAL_GUARD 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_DEF_CARRIER_SEND 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_UNB_CR_DEF 1,7,9 Earth Fault Rev DDB_PRT_DEF_REV 1,7,9 Earth Fault Fwd DDB_PRT_DEF_FWD 1,7,9 Earth Fault L1...
  • Page 602 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 78 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_DIST_START_N 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_3_TRIP 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_4_TRIP 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_3_PICK_UP 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_4_PICK_UP 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_A 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_B 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_C 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_IN 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_START_A 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_START_B 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_START_C 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_PRES_IN 1,7,9 DDB_PRT_PAP_PRE_START...
  • Page 603 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 79 DDB_ALARM_UNUSED_500 DDB_GOOSEIN_1 DDB_GOOSEIN_2 DDB_GOOSEIN_3 DDB_GOOSEIN_4 DDB_GOOSEIN_5 DDB_GOOSEIN_6 DDB_GOOSEIN_7 DDB_GOOSEIN_8 DDB_GOOSEIN_9 DDB_GOOSEIN_10 DDB_GOOSEIN_11 DDB_GOOSEIN_12 DDB_GOOSEIN_13 DDB_GOOSEIN_14 DDB_GOOSEIN_15 DDB_GOOSEIN_16 DDB_GOOSEIN_17 DDB_GOOSEIN_18 DDB_GOOSEIN_19 DDB_GOOSEIN_20 DDB_GOOSEIN_21 DDB_GOOSEIN_22 DDB_GOOSEIN_23 DDB_GOOSEIN_24 DDB_GOOSEIN_25 DDB_GOOSEIN_26 DDB_GOOSEIN_27...
  • Page 604 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 80 Part F: DNP3 P444 DDB Name Event Class P444H P444G P442G P441G /*Output Relay Status*/ DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_1 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_2 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_3 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_4 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_5 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_6 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_7 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_8 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_9 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_10 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_11 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_12 DDB_OUTPUT_RELAY_13...
  • Page 605 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 81 Part F: DNP3 P444 DDB Name Event Class P444H P444G P442G P441G DDB_ALARM_CB_OPS_LOCKOUT DDB_ALARM_CB_OP_TIME_MAINT DDB_ALARM_CB_OP_TIME_LOCKOUT DDB_ALARM_PRE_LOCKOUT DDB_ALARM_EFF_LOCKOUT DDB_LOCKOUT_ALARM DDB_ALARM_CB_STATUS DDB_ALARM_CB_FAIL_TRIP DDB_ALARM_CB_FAIL_CLOSE DDB_ALARM_CB_CONTROL_UNHEALTHLY DDB_ALARM_NO_CHECK_SYNC_CONTROL DDB_ALARM_AR_LOCKOUT_MAX_SHOTS DDB_ALARM_SG_OPTO_INVALID DDB_ALARM_CB_FAIL_AR DDB_ALARM_UNDER_V_1 DDB_ALARM_UNDER_V_2...
  • Page 606 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 82 Part F: DNP3 P444 DDB Name Event Class P444H P444G P442G P441G DDB_INP_MCB_VTS_LINE DDB_INP_SBEF_TIMER_BLOCK_1 DDB_INP_SBEF_TIMER_BLOCK_2 DDB_INP_DEF_TIMER_BLOCK DDB_INP_PHOC_TIMER_BLOCK_1 DDB_INP_PHOC_TIMER_BLOCK_2 DDB_INP_PHOC_TIMER_BLOCK_3 DDB_INP_PHOC_TIMER_BLOCK_4 DDB_INP_NPS_TIMER_BLOCK DDB_INP_UNDU_TIMER_BLOCK_1 DDB_INP_UNDU_TIMER_BLOCK_2 DDB_INP_OVEU_TIMER_BLOCK_1 DDB_INP_OVEU_TIMER_BLOCK_2 DDB_INP_DISTANCE_TIMER_BLOCK DDB_INP_CB_RESET_LOCKOUT DDB_INP_CB_RESET_ALL_VALUES...
  • Page 607 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 83 Part F: DNP3 P444 DDB Name Event Class P444H P444G P442G P441G DDB_PRT_DEF_START_BN DDB_PRT_DEF_START_CN DDB_PRT_DEF_TRIP_A DDB_PRT_DEF_TRIP_B DDB_PRT_DEF_TRIP_C DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_1_TRIP DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_2_TRIP DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_1_PICK_UP DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_2_PICK_UP DDB_PRT_UNDER_V_ANY_PICK_UP_A DDB_PRT_UNDER_V_ANY_PICK_UP_B DDB_PRT_UNDER_V_ANY_PICK_UP_C DDB_PRT_UNDER_V_1_PICK_UP DDB_PRT_UNDER_V_2_PICK_UP DDB_PRT_UNDER_V_1_TRIP DDB_PRT_UNDER_V_2_TRIP...
  • Page 608 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 84 Part F: DNP3 P444 DDB Name Event Class P444H P444G P442G P441G DDB_PRT_IN_SUP_4_PICK_UP DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_A DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_B DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_C DDB_PRT_PAP_TRIP_IN DDB_PRT_PAP_START_A DDB_PRT_PAP_START_B DDB_PRT_PAP_START_C DDB_PRT_PAP_PRES_IN DDB_PRT_PAP_PRE_START DDB_PRT_TRACE_TRIG_OK DDB_PRT_THERMAL_OVERL_ALARM DDB_PRT_THERMAL_OVERL_TRIP /*InterMiCOM*/ DDB_INTERIN_1 DDB_INTERIN_2...
  • Page 609 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441, P442 & P444 Page 85 Part F: DNP3 P444 DDB Name Event Class P444H P444G P442G P441G /*Active group*/ Active group 0x00 0x0E [None] /*Measurements 1*/ 1 IA Magnitude 0x02 0x01 0,005 x In / 500...
  • Page 610 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 DEFAULT PROGRAMMABLE SCHEME LOGIC (PSL)
  • Page 611 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 1/4 Input-Opto Couplers DIST. Chan Recv DDB #128 Opto Label 01 DDB #064 DEF. Chan Recv DDB #129 DIST. COS DDB #130 Opto Label 02 DDB #065 DEF. COS DDB #131...
  • Page 612 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 2/4 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Output Contact Relay Label 01 DDB #255 Straight Trip Z1 DDB #000 DIST Trip A DDB #246 DIST Trip B DDB #247 DIST Trip C DDB #248 DIST UNB CR...
  • Page 613 Courier Data Base P44x/EN GC/E44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Page 3/4 Output Contact Any Start Relay Label 06 Straight General Start General Start DDB #317 DDB #005 Any Start Latching LED 4 General Start DDB #317 DDB #099 Any Start...
  • Page 614 P44x/EN GC/E44 Courier Data Base Page 4/4 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Leds Front Panel Any Trip A LED 1 Trip A Latching DDB #325 DDB #096 Any Trip B LED 2 Latching Trip B DDB #326 DDB #097 Any Trip C...
  • Page 615 Menu Content Tables P44x/EN HI/E44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 MENU CONTENT TABLES...
  • Page 617 Menu Content Tables P44x/EN HI/E44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 Note 1: * Group 1 is shown on the menu map, Groups 2, 3 and 4 are identical to Group 1 and therefore omitted...
  • Page 625 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VC/E44 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 HARDWARE / SOFTWARE VERSION HISTORY AND COMPATIBILITY (Note: Includes versions released and supplied to customers only)
  • Page 634 P44x/EN VC/E44 Hardware / Software-Version Page 8/8 MiCOM P441/P442 & P444 BLANK PAGE...
  • Page 636 AREVA T&D's Automation & Information Systems Business www.areva-td.com T&D Worldwide Contact Centre online 24 hours a day: +44 (0) 1785 25 00 70 http://www.areva-td.com/contactcentre/...

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