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Sel -421 Instruction Manual

Sel -421 Instruction Manual

Protection and automation system

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SEL-421 Relay

Automation System

Instruction Manual

Reference Manual

20111215

*PM421-03-NB*

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Page 1 SEL-421 Relay Protection and Automation System Instruction Manual Reference Manual 20111215 *PM421-03-NB*...
Page 2 © 2001–2011 by Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. All brand or product names appearing in this document are the trademark or registered trademark of their respective holders. No SEL trademarks may be used without written permission. SEL products appearing in this document may be covered by US and Foreign patents.
Page 3 Preface ................................xxxi User’s Guide Section 1: Introduction and Specifications Features................................ U.1.2 Models and Options............................. U.1.5 SEL-421 Versions and Supported Features ....................U.1.7 Applications..............................U.1.8 Specifications ............................U.1.13 Section 2: Installation Shared Configuration Attributes........................U.2.1 Plug-In Boards............................U.2.12 Jumpers..............................U.2.18 Relay Placement ............................
Page 4 Section 5: Substation Automatic Restoration 230 kV Tapped Transmission Line Application Example................A.5.2 Section 6: SEL Communications Processor Applications SEL Communications Processors........................ A.6.1 SEL Communications Processor and Relay Architecture ................A.6.3 SEL Communications Processor Example....................A.6.5 SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 5 Auto-Reclose Logic Diagrams ........................R.2.27 Manual Closing ............................R.2.41 Voltage Checks for Auto-Reclosing and Manual Closing................R.2.44 Settings and Relay Word Bits for Auto-Reclosing and Manual Closing ...........R.2.46 Synchronism Check............................R.2.50 Section 3: SEL Control Equation Programming OGIC Control Equation History ......................R.3.1 OGIC Separation of Protection and Automation Areas ..................R.3.2 Control Equation Programming ....................R.3.4...
Page 6 Serial Communication ..........................R.4.2 Communications Card ..........................R.4.4 Section 5: SEL Communications Protocols Serial Port Hardware Protocol........................R.5.1 Software Protocol Selections........................R.5.2 Protocol Active When Setting PROTO := SEL ....................R.5.3 Virtual File Interface...........................R.5.11 SEL M Communications......................R.5.15 IRRORED SEL Distributed Port Switch Protocol (LMD) ...................R.5.21 SEL-2600A RTD Module Operation......................R.5.23...
Page 7 Report Settings ............................R.10.44 Port Settings..............................R.10.46 DNP3 Settings—Serial Port ........................R.10.50 Appendix A: Relay Word Bits Alphabetic..............................R.A.1 Row List ..............................R.A.22 Appendix B: Analog Quantities Quantities Listed Alphabetically .........................R.B.1 Quantities Listed by Function ........................R.B.8 Glossary Index SEL-421 Relay Command Summary Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
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Page 9 Commissioning Testing...................... U.6.2 Table 6.3 Maintenance Testing ......................U.6.3 Table 6.4 UUT Database Entries for SEL-5401 Relay Test System Software—5 A Relay ....U.6.7 Table 6.5 UUT Database Entries for SEL-5401 Relay Test System Software—1 A Relay ....U.6.8 Table 6.6 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Pickup .................
Page 10 List of Tables Table A.3 Compatible SEL-421 and Ethernet Card Firmware Versions ......... U.A.10 Table A.4 Architect CID File Compatibility ............U.A.10 ERATOR Table A.5 Instruction Manual Revision History ................U.A.11 Applications Handbook Table 1.1 System Data—230 kV Overhead Transmission Line ............A.1.2 Table 1.2...
Page 11 SEL Communications Processors Port 1 Settings.............. A.6.5 Table 6.3 SEL Communications Processor Data Collection Automessages........A.6.6 Table 6.4 SEL Communications Processor Port 1 Automatic Messaging Settings ......A.6.6 Table 6.5 SEL Communications Processor Port 1 Region Map ............A.6.7 Table 6.6 SEL Communications Processor METER Region Map ............
Page 12 SOTF Settings ........................R.1.85 Table 1.62 SOTF Relay Word Bits......................R.1.85 Table 1.63 ECOMM Setting .......................R.1.87 Table 1.64 DCB Settings........................R.1.90 Table 1.65 DCB Relay Word Bits .......................R.1.90 Table 1.66 POTT Settings ........................R.1.94 Table 1.67 POTT Relay Word Bits .....................R.1.95 SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 13 Control Equation Programming Summary ..........R.3.2 OGIC Table 3.3 Definitions for Active Setting Group Indication Relay Word Bits SG1 Through SG6 ..R.3.9 Table 3.4 Definitions for Active Setting Group Switching SEL Control Equation OGIC Settings SS1 Through SS6 ....................R.3.9 Table 3.5 Summary of SEL Control Equation Elements ............R.3.12...
Page 14 Table 4.17 TIME Command .......................R.4.18 Table 4.18 Communications Card Database Regions .................R.4.19 Table 4.19 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—LOCAL Region ......R.4.19 Table 4.20 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—METER Region ......R.4.20 Table 4.21 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—DEMAND Region ......R.4.21 Table 4.22 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—TARGET Region ......R.4.22...
Page 15 Table 7.20 Fast Message Command Function Codes for Synchrophasor Fast Write ......R.7.31 Table 7.21 PMU Settings in the SEL-421 for SEL Fast Message Protocol, in Global Settings ..R.7.32 Table 7.22 SEL Fast Message Voltage and Current Selections Based on PHDATAV and PHDATAI .........................R.7.33...
Page 16 List of Tables Table 7.26 Synchrophasor Current Source Settings Conversion From Previous SEL-421 Firmware Version ......................R.7.34 Table 7.27 Size of an SEL Fast Message Synchrophasor Message ............R.7.35 Table 7.28 Serial Port Bandwidth for Synchrophasors (in Bytes) ............R.7.35 Table 8.1 IEC 61850 Document Set....................R.8.2 Table 8.2...
Page 17 Table 9.80 MET PM Command ......................R.9.31 Table 9.81 MET PMV Command .......................R.9.32 Table 9.82 MET RMS Command .......................R.9.32 Table 9.83 MET RTC Command ......................R.9.33 Table 9.84 MET SYN Command......................R.9.33 Table 9.85 MET T Command ......................R.9.33 Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
Page 18 TEC Command........................R.9.52 Table 9.138 TEST DB Command ......................R.9.52 Table 9.139 TEST DB OFF Command....................R.9.53 Table 9.140 TEST DNP Command.......................R.9.53 Table 9.141 TEST DNP Command.......................R.9.54 Table 9.142 TEST FM Command......................R.9.54 Table 9.143 TEST FM DEM Command ....................R.9.55 SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 19 Table 10.45 Phase Instantaneous Definite-Time Overcurrent Torque Control ........R.10.22 Table 10.46 Residual Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent Pickup ............R.10.22 Table 10.47 Residual Ground Definite-Time Overcurrent Time Delay..........R.10.23 Table 10.48 Residual Ground Instantaneous Definite-Time Overcurrent Torque Control ....R.10.23 Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
Page 20 Table 10.92 Port Settings Categories ....................R.10.46 Table 10.93 Protocol Selection ......................R.10.46 Table 10.94 Communications Settings....................R.10.46 Table 10.95 SEL Protocol Settings .....................R.10.47 Table 10.96 DNP3 Serial Port Protocol Settings ................R.10.47 Table 10.97 Protocol Settings ..................R.10.48 IRRORED Table 10.98 RTD Protocol Settings.....................R.10.49 Table 10.99...
Page 21 Relay Word Bits: Automation Latches................R.A.57 Table A.32 Relay Word Bits: Automation Sequencing Timers ............R.A.58 Table A.33 Relay Word Bits: Automation Counters................R.A.60 Table A.34 Relay Word Bits: SEL Control Equation Error and Status........R.A.62 OGIC Table A.35 Relay Word Bits: Relay Alarms ..................R.A.63 Table A.36 Relay Word Bits: Time Synchronization................R.A.63...
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Page 23 INT8 I/O Interface Board ....................U.2.13 Figure 2.18 Chassis Key Positions for I/O Interface Boards ............... U.2.16 Figure 2.19 Major Component Locations on the SEL-421 Main Board A (or B)....... U.2.19 Figure 2.20 J18 Header—Password and Breaker Jumpers..............U.2.20 Figure 2.21 Major Component Locations on the SEL-421 INT1 (or INT2) I/O Board......
Page 24 Typical External AC/DC Connections—Single Circuit Breaker ........U.2.51 Figure 2.47 Typical External AC/DC Connections—Dual Circuit Breaker........U.2.52 Figure 2.48 SEL-421 Example Wiring Diagram Using the Auxiliary {TRIP}/{CLOSE} Pushbuttons........................U.2.53 Figure 3.1 SEL Software License Agreement (Sample) ..............U.3.3 Figure 3.2 Windows Run Command Line to Load QuickSet........
Page 25 Figure 4.61 Setting BK1TYP in QuickSet ..............U.4.70 ERATOR Figure 4.62 Uploading Global and Breaker Monitor Settings to the SEL-421 ........U.4.71 Figure 4.63 TIME BNC Connector, new hardware ................U.4.74 Figure 4.64 TIME BNC Connectors, old hardware................U.4.74 Figure 4.65 Retrofit Sticker .........................
Page 26 QuickSet ......U.6.22 ERATOR Figure 6.14 Setting SER Points and Aliases: QuickSet ..........U.6.22 ERATOR Figure 6.15 Uploading Group 1 and Report Settings to SEL-421............U.6.23 Figure 6.16 HMI Tree View: QuickSet ..............U.6.24 ERATOR Figure 6.17 SER Report: QuickSet HMI..............U.6.24 ERATOR Figure 6.18...
Page 27 Directional Settings: QuickSet..............U.6.32 ERATOR Figure 6.26 Uploading Group 1 and Breaker Monitor Settings to the SEL-421 ......... U.6.33 Figure 6.27 RELAY ELEMENTS LCD Screen Containing Elements F32Q and R32Q ....U.6.33 Figure 6.28 Finding Phase-to-Phase Test Quantities ................U.6.36 Figure 6.29...
Page 28 SEL-421 Intelligent Circuit Breaker Monitor ..............A.2.2 Figure 2.2 Circuit Breaker Maintenance Curve (Manufacturer’s Data) ..........A.2.4 Figure 2.3 Circuit Breaker Contact Wear Curve With SEL-421 Settings ........... A.2.5 Figure 2.4 Trip Bus Sensing With Relay Input IN106 ................ A.2.8 Figure 2.5 Mechanical Operating Time for Circuit Breaker 1 A-Phase ..........
Page 29 Figure 7.8 Example Telnet Session ....................A.7.12 Reference Manual Figure 1.1 Current and Voltage Source Connections for the SEL-421 Relay ........R.1.2 Figure 1.2 Main and Alternate Line Current Source Assignments ............R.1.3 Figure 1.3 Combined Currents for Line Current Source Assignment ..........R.1.3 Figure 1.4...
Page 30 Voltage Check Element Applications................R.2.45 Figure 2.18 Voltage Check Element Logic...................R.2.46 Figure 2.19 Partial Breaker-and-a-Half or Partial Ring-Bus Breaker Arrangement......R.2.51 Figure 2.20 Voltage Angle Difference in a Paralleled System .............R.2.52 Figure 2.21 Synchronism-Check Voltages for Two Circuit Breakers...........R.2.52 SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 31 Figure 2.22 Synchronism-Check Settings ....................R.2.53 Figure 2.23 Synchronism-Check Relay Word Bits................R.2.54 Figure 2.24 Example Synchronism-Check Voltage Connections to the SEL-421 .......R.2.56 Figure 2.25 Synchronism-Check Voltage Reference................R.2.57 Figure 2.26 Normalized Synchronism-Check Voltage Sources VS1 and VS2........R.2.58 Figure 2.27 Healthy Voltage Window and Indication................R.2.59 Figure 2.28...
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Page 33 Preface This manual provides information and instructions for installing and operating the SEL-421 Relay. The three volumes that comprise this manual are for use by power engineers and others experienced in protective relaying applications. Included are detailed technical descriptions of the relay and application examples.
Page 34 SEL control equations. Section 6: SEL Communications Processor Applications. Provides examples of how to use the SEL-421 with the SEL-2032, SEL-2030, and SEL-2020 Communications Processors for total substation automation solutions. SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 35 Bits. Contains a summary of Relay Word bits. Appendix B: Analog Quantities. Contains a summary of analog quantities. CD-ROM The CD-ROM contains the SEL-421 Relay Manual in an electronic form that you can search easily. Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
Page 36 R stands for Reference Manual. control SEL trademarks and registered trademarks contain the appropri- OGIC equations ate symbol on first reference in a section. In the SEL-421 Instruc- tion Manual, certain SEL trademarks appear in small caps. These include SEL control equations, M communi-...
Page 37 DANGER Indicates an imminently hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
Page 38 Input A is ignored while the timers are running. Input S asserts output Q until input R asserts. SET RESET FLIP FLOP Output Q deasserts or resets when R asserts. FALLING EDGE B asserts at the falling edge of input A. SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 39 If your Raccordez-vous correctement à la terre, ainsi que la surface de travail facility is not equipped to work with these components, contact SEL et l’appareil avant d’en retirer un panneau. Si vous n’êtes pas équipés about returning this device and related SEL equipment for service.
Page 40 Severe power and ground problems can occur on the communications Des problèmes graves d’alimentation et de terre peuvent survenir sur ports of this equipment as a result of using non-SEL cables. Never use les ports de communication de cet appareil si des câbles d’origine standard null-modem cables with this equipment.
Page 41 WARNING Incorporated components, such as LEDs, transceivers, and laser Les composants internes tels que les leds (diodes emitters, are not user serviceable. Return units to SEL for repair or électroluminescentes), émetteurs-récepteurs ou émetteurs pour rayon replacement. laser ne peuvent pas être entretenus par l’usager. Retourner ces unités à...
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Page 43 Section 1 R.Reference Manual Protection Functions This section provides a detailed explanation for each of the many SEL-421 Relay protection functions. Each subsection provides an explanation of the function, along with a list of the corresponding settings and Relay Word bits.
Page 44 ➤ Circuit Breaker Failure Protection on page R.1.115 Current and Voltage Source Selection The SEL-421 has two sets of three-phase current inputs (IW and IX) and two sets of three-phase voltage inputs (VY and VZ), as shown in Figure 1.1.
Page 45 Table 1.2). Also, for source-selection setting ESS := N, the settings are forced to certain values and hidden, as indicated with the shaded cells in the ESS := N rows in Table 1.1. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 46 IAX, IBX, ICX, or NA IAX, IBX, ICX, or NA COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB NA = not applicable Shaded cells indicate settings forced to given values and hidden SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 47 COMB COMB COMB COMB IAX, IBX, ICX, or NA COMB COMB IAX, IBX, ICX, or NA COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB COMB NA = not applicable Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 48 VY and VZ in Figure 1.1 is more straightforward Switching and Uses (as shown in Table 1.4) than the preceding discussion on current-source selection/switching (compare to Table 1.1 through Table 1.3). SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 49 ➤ Series-compensation line logic ➤ Load-encroachment logic ➤ OOS (out-of-step) logic ➤ Distance elements ➤ SOTF (switch-onto-fault) logic ➤ POTT (permissive overreaching transfer tripping) scheme logic ➤ Metering on page A.2.26, including synchrophasors Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 50 With ESS := 1, the IX current channels have the option to be used as an alternate line current source (ALINEI:= IX) or as a polarizing current channel (e.g., IPOL:= IBX), but not both (see Table 1.1). SEL-421 Relay Analog Input Function CB1 protection, line protection Line protection Synchronism check Figure 1.5 ESS := 1, Single Circuit Breaker Configuration...
Page 51 NUMBK Number of Circuit Breakers in Scheme (1, 2) LINEI Line Current Source (IW) Automatic ALINEI Alternate Line Current Source (IX, NA) ALTI Alternate Current Source (SEL Equation) Hidden OGIC BK1I Breaker 1 Current Source (IW) Automatic BK2I Breaker 2 Current Source (NA)
Page 52 NUMBK Number of Circuit Breakers in Scheme (1, 2) LINEI Line Current Source (IW) Automatic ALINEI Alternate Line Current Source (IX, NA) ALTI Alternate Current Source (SEL Equation) Hidden OGIC BK1I Breaker 1 Current Source (IX) Automatic BK2I Breaker 2 Current Source (NA)
Page 53 Number of Circuit Breakers in Scheme (1, 2) LINEI Line Current Source (COMB) COMB Automatic ALINEI Alternate Line Current Source (NA) Automatic ALTI Alternate Current Source (SEL Equation) Hidden OGIC BK1I Breaker 1 Current Source (IW) Automatic BK2I Breaker 2 Current Source (IX)
Page 54 Figure 1.9 illustrates a tapped EHV transmission overhead line. A power transformer is located at Substation T along the tapped line. An SEL-421 is located at all three EHV terminals (Substations S, R, and T). The SEL-421 relays operate in a DCB (directional comparison blocking) trip scheme to provide high-speed clearance for all faults internal to the tapped EHV transmission line.
Page 55 Figure 1.11 shows a single circuit breaker situated by an autotransformer. The SEL-421 uses the delta-connected tertiary as a current polarizing source for the zero-sequence current-polarized directional element 32I. For example, connect to current to input IAX (set IPOL := IAX).
Page 56 Using ALTI and ALTV control equations ALTI and ALTV give great flexibility in choosing OGIC alternate CT and PT inputs to the SEL-421. The relay switches immediately to the alternate source when these SEL control equations become true. The OGIC relay delays a subsequent ALTI or ALTV switch for 8 cycles after the initial switch to give time for the system to settle.
Page 57 Deasserts approximately two seconds after a pole-open condition or after all frequency estimation voltages drop out. The SEL-421 will not measure frequency using the voltage from any phase that has an open-pole condition. For example, with the factory default settings...
Page 58 EPMU := Y. Time-Error Calculation Description and The Time-Error calculation function in the SEL-421 measures the amount of time that an ac clock running from the same line frequency measured by the Settings relay would differ from a reference clock. The relay integrates the difference between the measured power system frequency and the nominal frequency (Global setting NFREQ) to create a time-error analog quantity, TE.
Page 59 Global Settings NFREQ Nominal frequency (see Table 10.3 on page R.10.5) LOADTE Load Time-Error Correction Factor (SEL control equa- OGIC tion). A rising edge will cause the relay to load the TECORR analog quantity into TE. LOADTE has priority over STALLTE.
Page 60 ==> Figure 1.14 Sample TEC Command Response Fault Location The SEL-421 computes distance to fault from data stored in the event reports. The relay calculates distance to fault upon satisfaction of all four of the following conditions: ➤ The fault locator is enabled, setting EFLOC := Y.
Page 61 When reset, the value contained in FLOC is set to a very large number (greater than 10 Resetting this value has no effect on the event reports stored in the SEL-421, nor does it have an effect on DNP3 event access.
Page 62 The resetting time of the instantaneous overcurrent elements using filtered quantities can be extended after the corresponding phase(s) is open if subsidence current is present. The SEL-421 open phase detector senses an open phase in less than one cycle. This...
Page 63 If you select elements of the SEL-421. Separate Relay Word bits SPOBKn, 3POBKn, EPO := V, the relay cannot declare an open pole when LOP is asserted.
Page 64 R.1.22 Protection Functions Pole Open Logic Figure 1.15 Pole Open Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 65 LOP when the circuit breaker(s) closes again. The SEL-421 also asserts LOP upon circuit breaker closing for one or two missing PTs. If the relay detects a voltage unbalance with balanced currents at circuit breaker close, then the relay declares a loss-of-potential condition.
Page 66 LOP logic processes an LOP decision. Figure 1.17 provides a logic diagram for the LOP logic. |V1| |I1| START decreasing? changing? ∠ I1 changing? |3I0| changing? ∠ 3I0 changing? Declare Figure 1.16 LOP Logic Process Overview SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 67 10 percent (see point (1) above), and 2. the magnitude of V is larger than 85 percent of Vnom, and 3. the magnitude of |V | is not larger than 10 percent of magnitude Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 68 R.1.26 Protection Functions Loss-of-Potential Logic Figure 1.17 LOP Logic SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 69 C-phase-to-ground fault or A-phase to B-phase-to-ground fault selected Ground Directional Element The SEL-421 offers a choice of three independent directional elements to supervise the ground distance elements and directional residual ground overcurrent elements (67Gn, where n equals 1 through 4) during ground faults.
Page 70 Table 1.28 Ground Directional Element Settings AUTO Calculations Setting Equation 50FP 0.12 • I 50RP 0.08 • I 0.5 • Z1MAG Z2F + 1/(2 • I 0.5 • Z0MAG Z0F + 1/(2 • I SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 71 Setting Z0R is the reverse threshold for the zero-sequence voltage-polarized directional element. If the relay measures apparent zero-sequence impedance z0 greater than Z0R, then the relay declares the unbalanced fault to be reverse. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 72 Table 1.28. ORDER The SEL-421 uses Best Choice Ground Directional™ logic to determine the order in which the relay selects 32QG, 32V, or 32I to provide directional decisions for the ground distance elements and the residual ground directional overcurrent elements. Directional element classification is as follows: ➤...
Page 73 Enable OGIC E32IV Relay Word "V" listed in 32VE Setting Enable setting ORDER (Internal Enables) 32IE "I" listed in Setting Enable (Internal Enables) setting ORDER Figure 1.19 32V and 32I Enable Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 74 R32I Reverse current polarized zero-sequence directional element F32V Forward voltage polarized zero-sequence directional element R32V Forward voltage polarized zero-sequence directional element F32QG Forward negative-sequence ground directional element R32QG Forward negative-sequence ground directional element SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 75 3 internal enable asserted? 32QGE 32VE 32IE Figure 1.20 Best Choice Ground Directional Logic From Figure 1.18, From Figure 1.19, Figure 1.21, Figure 1.22, Figure 1.23 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 76 Best Choice Ground enable output Directional Enable Logic z0 Calculation Relay Word R32V — Z0RTH (Reverse) (Calculation) Relay Word 50GR Figure 1.22 Zero-Sequence Voltage-Polarized Directional Element Logic From Figure 1.18; From Figure 1.20 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 77 32IE Setting Relay Word ELOP := Y Relay Bits Word F32QG F32V 32GF F32I 32SPOF Relay Word Relay Bits Word R32QG R32V 32GR R32I 32SPOR Figure 1.24 Ground Directional Element Output Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 78   Re V • • 1 Z1ANG ------------------------------------------------------------------------ - Equation 1.1 Forward Threshold If Z2F is less than or equal to 0: Z2FTH 0.75 • Z2F 0.25 – • ------ Equation 1.2 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 79 If Z0R is greater than or equal to 0: Z0RTH 0.75 • 0.25 • --------- - Equation 1.9 If Z0R is less than 0: Z0RTH 1.25 • 0.25 • --------- - Equation 1.10 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 80 Description F32P Forward phase directional declaration R32P Reverse phase directional declaration F32Q Forward negative-sequence directional declaration R32Q Reverse negative-sequence directional declaration 32QF Forward negative-sequence overcurrent directional declaration 32QR Reverse negative-sequence overcurrent directional declaration SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 81 (the torque control setting acts as a supervisory input). The phase directional overcurrent elements (67P1–67P4) and the selectable operating quantity time-overcurrent elements (51S1–51S3) do not have any built-in directional control. The torque control settings (67P1TC, 67P2TC, Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 82 SIR conditions by monitoring the measured voltage and current. If the distance calculation does not change significantly (i.e., is smooth), the SEL-421 unblocks CVT transient blocking resulting from low voltage and low current during close-in faults driven by a source with a high SIR. Therefore, Zone 1 distance elements operate without significant delay for close-in faults.
Page 83 Series-Compensation Line Logic NOTE: The SEL-421-1 and the The SEL-421 includes logic to detect when a fault is beyond a series capacitor SEL-421-2 do not provide series- (a series capacitor can possibly cause Zone 1 overreach). The relay blocks the compensated line protection logic.
Page 84 (Setting) Pos.-Seq. Threshold – Pos.-Seq. Threshold = 0.1 • I nom Figure 1.28 Load-Encroachment Logic Diagram (90˚) ZLIN ZLOUT (Load In (Load Out Region) Region) (180˚) (0˚) (270˚) (—90˚) Figure 1.29 Load-Encroachment Characteristics SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 85 (Relay Word bit SPO equals logical 0), the logic overrides OOS blocking (i.e., an unbalanced fault has occurred). The negative-sequence current level detector 50QUB determines the sensitivity of the 67QUBF or 67QUBR elements, for all zones except Zone 1. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 86 You can enable the OOS logic when setting Z1ANG is greater than 45 degrees. ➤ Settings X1T6, X1T7, R1R6, and R1R7 must be set to a positive value. ➤ Settings X1B6, X1B7, R1L6, and R1L7 must be set to a negative value. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 87 Option I enables tripping on the way into Zone 6; option O enables tripping on the way out of Zone 6; option N disabled OST (Out-of-Step Trip). Advanced Setting if EADVS := Y. If the Advanced Settings are not enabled (setting EADVS := N), the relay hides the setting. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 88 OSB3 Block Zone 3 during out-of-step condition OSB4 Block Zone 4 during out-of-step condition OSB5 Block Zone 5 during out-of-step condition OSBA A-Phase out-of-step blocking OSBB B-Phase out-of-step blocking OSBC C-Phase out-of-step blocking SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 89 Zone 6 X6ABC 3φ (Internal Function) Unblock UBOSBD D UBOSB Figure 1.31 OOS Positive-Sequence Measurements Relay Word 32QF Relay Word Bits 3I2L 67QUBF Setting 50QUBP Relay Word 67QUBR 32QR Figure 1.32 OOS Override Logic Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 90 R.1.48 Protection Functions Out-of-Step Logic Figure 1.33 OOS Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 91 Figure 1.34 Open-Pole OSB Unblock Logic Mho Ground Distance Elements The SEL-421 has five independent zones of mho ground distance protection. The mho ground distance protection operates only for single phase-to-ground faults. You can set the reach for each zone independently. Zone 1 and Zone 2 distance elements are forward only;...
Page 92 MCG5 Zone 5 C-phase mho ground distance element Zone 1 ground distance element Zone 2 ground distance element Zone 3 ground distance element Zone 4 ground distance element Zone 5 ground distance element SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 93 Zone 1 A-Phase-to-Ground Mho Distance Calculation. A-Phase Mho Ground Distance Logic. B- and C-Phase Logic Is Similar. SPOA OSBA OSB1 67Q1T ILOP VPOLV SERCA Figure 1.35 Zone 1 Mho Ground Distance Element Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 94 Mho Distance Calculation. Relay A-Phase Mho Ground Distance Logic. Word B- and C-Phase Logic Is Similar. Bits SPOA Relay Word Bits OSB2 OSBA ILOP VPOLV Figure 1.36 Zone 2 Mho Ground Distance Element Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 95 A-Phase. B- and C-Phase Logic Is Similar. n = 3, 4, or 5 SPOA Relay Word Bits 32GR 32SPOR ILOP VPOLV Figure 1.37 Zones 3, 4, and 5 Mho Ground Distance Element Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 96 Protection Functions Quadrilateral Ground Distance Elements Quadrilateral Ground Distance Elements The SEL-421 has five independent zones of quadrilateral ground distance protection. The quadrilateral ground distance protection only operates for single phase-to-ground faults. Set the reactance (XG) and resistive (RG) reach for each zone independently.
Page 97 B- and C-Phase Logic Is Similar. xAG1 is the A-Phase-to-Ground Zone 1 Reactance Calculation. ILOP rAG1 is the A-Phase-to-Ground Zone 1 Resistance Calculation. VPOLV SERCA Figure 1.38 Zone 1 Quadrilateral Ground Distance Element Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 98 Word Bits B- and C-Phase Logic Is Similar. xAGF is the A-Phase-to-Ground Forward Reactance Calculation. ILOP rAGF is the A-Phase-to-Ground Forward Resistance Calculation. VPOLV Figure 1.39 Zone 2 Quadrilateral Distance Element Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 99 B- and C-Phase Logic Is Similar. Relay Word n = 3, 4, or 5 Bits 32QE 32GR XGPOL := I2 (Setting) Relay Word Bits ILOP VPOLV Figure 1.40 Zones 3, 4, and 5 Quadrilateral Ground Distance Element Logic Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 100 Protection Functions Mho Phase Distance Elements Mho Phase Distance Elements The SEL-421 has five independent zones of mho phase distance protection. The mho phase distance protection operates for phase-to-phase, phase-to- phase-to-ground, and three-phase faults. Set the reach for each zone independently.
Page 101 0.1 • I nom — MBC1 MCA1 mAB < Z1P Relay Word Bits SPOA SPOB OSBA OSB1 67Q1T Relay Word Bits SPOC VPOLV ILOP SERCAB Figure 1.41 Zone 1 Mho Phase Distance Element Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 102 Zone 2 Phase Distance Logic for AB Phase Pair is Similar to BC and CA. Relay Word Bits SPOA SPOB OSBA OSB2 67QUBF Relay Word Bits SPOC VPOLV ILOP Figure 1.42 Zone 2 Mho Phase Distance Element Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 103 = 3, 4, or 5 Figure 1.43 Zones 3, 4, and 5 Mho Phase Distance Element Logic Diagram Zone Time Delay The SEL-421 supports two philosophies of zone timing: ➤ Independent timing—the phase and ground distance elements drive separate timers for each zone ➤...
Page 104 TR := M1P OR Z1G OR M2PT OR Z2GT Common Zone Timing Use Relay Word bits ZnT (Zone n Distance Protection) to select common zone timing in SEL control equation TR (Trip) (n = 1–5). OGIC The next example uses common timing for Zone 2 distance protection:...
Page 105 Z3GT Z4GT Zone 3 Delay Timer Logic Zone 4 Delay Timer Logic Relay Suspend Timing Word Relay Bits Word Bits Z5PD M5PT Z5GD Z5GT Zone 5 Delay Timer Logic Figure 1.44 Zone Timers Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 106 R.1.64 Protection Functions Instantaneous Line Overcurrent Elements Instantaneous Line Overcurrent Elements The SEL-421 calculates instantaneous overcurrent elements for phase (P), residual ground (G, vector sum of I , and I ), and negative-sequence (Q) quantities. Four levels of instantaneous elements are available named 50P1–...
Page 107 Level 4 Time Delay (cycles) 0.000–16000 0.000 67G1TC Level 1 Torque Control Equation OGIC 67G2TC Level 2 Torque Control Equation OGIC 67G3TC Level 3 Torque Control Equation OGIC 67G4TC Level 4 Torque Control Equation OGIC Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 108 Level 4 instantaneous residual ground overcurrent element 67G1 Level 1 definite-time residual ground directional overcurrent element 67G2 Level 2 definite-time residual ground directional overcurrent element 67G3 Level 3 definite-time residual ground directional overcurrent element SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 109 Level 1 time-delayed definite-time residual ground directional overcurrent element 67G2T Level 2 time-delayed definite-time residual ground directional overcurrent element 67G3T Level 3 time-delayed definite-time residual ground directional overcurrent element 67G4T Level 4 time-delayed definite-time residual ground directional overcurrent element Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 110 67P2T — 50P3P (Setting) 50P3 — — 67P3 67P3TC (SEL OGIC Setting) 67P3D 67P3T — 50P4P (Setting) 50P4 — — 67P4 67P4TC (SEL OGIC 67P4D Setting) 67P4T Figure 1.45 Phase Instantaneous/Definite-Time Overcurrent Elements SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 111 (Relay Word Bit) 50G4 — 50G4P (Setting) 67G4 67G4TC (SEL OGIC 67G4D Setting) 67G4T 32GF (Relay Word Bit) DIR4 := F (Setting) 32GR (Relay Word Bit) Figure 1.46 Residual Ground Instantaneous/Directional Overcurrent Elements Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 112 Figure 1.47 Negative-Sequence Instantaneous/Directional Overcurrent Elements Inverse-Time Overcurrent Elements The SEL-421 provides three selectable operating quantity inverse-time overcurrent elements. Ten different time-overcurrent characteristics (5 US and 5 IEC curves) are available. Each time-overcurrent element can be configured to operate on the line current (i.e., IW-terminal current or the sum of the IW and IX terminal...
Page 113 Table 1.56 defines the available setting choices for operating quantities and the corresponding analog quantity name as found in Table B.2. Each time-overcurrent element has a torque control SEL equation OGIC NOTE: In the SEL-421, the time- 51SkTC (k = 1–3) that enables the element when the equation evaluates to overcurrent elements are not logical 1, and disables the element when the equation evaluates to logical 0.
Page 114 = electromechanical induction-disk emulation reset time in seconds (if you select electromechanical reset setting) TD = time-dial setting M = applied multiples of pickup current [for operating time ), M>1; for reset time (T ), M1] SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 115  • C4 (Long-Time Inverse) Figure 1.56   – –   0.05   4.85 ---------------------- • ----------------   • C5 (Short-Time Inverse) Figure 1.57   0.04 – – Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 116 5.00 4.00 3.00 30 (25) 2.00 15 (12.5) 1.00 6 (5) 0.50 3 (2.5) .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 5 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.48 U.S. Moderately Inverse—U1 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 117 60 (50) 5.00 4.00 3.00 30 (25) 2.00 15 (12.5) 1.00 6 (5) 0.50 3 (2.5) .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 5 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.49 U.S. Inverse—U2 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 118 5.00 30 (25) 4.00 3.00 15 (12.5) 2.00 1.00 6 (5) 0.50 3 (2.5) .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 5 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.50 U.S. Very Inverse—U3 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 119 10.00 8.00 6.00 15 (12.5) 5.00 4.00 3.00 6 (5) 2.00 3 (2.5) 1.00 0.50 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.51 U.S. Extremely Inverse—U4 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 120 10.00 30 (25) 8.00 6.00 5.00 15 (12.5) 4.00 3.00 2.00 6 (5) 1.00 3 (2.5) 0.50 .5 .6 .7 .8 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.52 U.S. Short-Time Inverse—U5 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 121 0.50 0.40 0.30 30 (25) 0.20 15 (12.5) 0.10 6 (5) 0.05 3 (2.5) .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 5 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.53 IEC Standard Inverse—C1 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 122 0.80 0.70 0.60 15 (12.5) 0.50 0.40 0.30 6 (5) 0.20 3 (2.5) 0.10 0.05 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.54 IEC Very Inverse—C2 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 123 6 (5) 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 3 (2.5) 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.05 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.55 IEC Extremely Inverse—C3 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 124 3000 (2500) 1500 (1250) 600 (500) 300 (250) 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 150 (125) 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 60 (50) 0.20 30 (25) 0.10 0.05 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.56 IEC Long-Time Inverse—C4 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 125 0.80 15 (12.5) 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 6 (5) 0.20 3 (2.5) 0.10 0.05 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 5 6 7 8 9 Multiples of Pickup Figure 1.57 IEC Short-Time Inverse—C5 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 126 The relay initiates SOTF protection at these corresponding instances: ➤ Circuit breaker opening: 52AEND timer timeout ➤ Circuit breaker closing: CLOEND time timeout and SEL OGIC control equation CLSMON assertion Circuit Breaker Set ESOTF to Y and set 52AEND to other than OFF to enable the circuit breaker-opened SOTF logic.
Page 127 Circuit Breaker You can detect circuit breaker close bus assertion by monitoring the dc close bus. Connect a control input on the SEL-421 to the dc close bus. The control Closed SOTF Logic input energizes whenever a manual close or automatic reclosure occurs. Set...
Page 128 R.1.86 Protection Functions Switch-Onto-Fault Logic Figure 1.59 SOTF Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 129 DCUB1, DCUB2 Zone 1 (S) Zone 3 (S) Zone 2 (S) Zone 1 (R) Zone 3 (R) Zone 2 (R) Transmission Line SEL-421 Relay SEL-421 Relay Comm. Comm. Equip Equip Figure 1.60 Required Zone Directional Settings Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual...
Page 130 Remote Zone 3 distance protection maximum operating time ➤ Maximum communications channel time The output of Zone 2 delay timer 21SD is Relay Word bit Z2PGS (Zone 2 Phase and Ground Short Delay). SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 131 (Block Trip Received). This input must remain asserted to block the forward- looking elements after the coordination timers expire. If the blocking signal drops out momentarily, the distance relay can trip for out-of-section faults. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 132 Relay Word bit BT. Three-Terminal Line If you apply the DCB scheme to a three-terminal line, program SEL OGIC control equation BT as follows: BT := IN105 OR IN106...
Page 133 POTT Scheme The SEL-421 offers three POTT schemes: POTT, POTT2, and POTT3. The type of communications channel(s) in your application best determines which Selection scheme to implement.
Page 134 POTT Scheme Logic The POTT scheme logic performs the following tasks: ➤ Keys the communications equipment to send permissive trip (PT) when any element you include in the TRCOMM SEL OGIC control equation asserts and the current reversal logic is not asserted ➤...
Page 135 If the local circuit breaker is open, or a weak infeed condition exists, the remote relay permissive signal can echo back to itself and issue a high-speed trip for faults beyond the remote relay Zone 1 reach. The SEL-421 includes logic that echoes the received permissive signal back to the remote terminal after specific conditions are satisfied.
Page 136 When the setting EWFC is SP, the relay can convert echo to a single-pole trip at the local terminal. ECTT logic is disabled when the setting is N. Three-Terminal Lines If you apply the POTT scheme to a three-terminal line, program SEL OGIC control equation PT1 as follows:...
Page 137 Echo conversion to trip (ECOMM = POTT or POTT2) 27AWI A-phase undervoltage condition 27BWI B-phase undervoltage condition 27CWI C-phase undervoltage condition Weak-infeed detected KEY1 Transmit permission to single-pole trip KEY3 Transmit permission to three-pole trip Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 138 Permissive Overreaching Transfer Tripping Scheme Setting ECOMM := POTT2 Setting ECOMM := POTT Relay Word Setting ECOMM := DCUB1 To POTT Control Logic Input Assigments Setting ECOMM := DCUB2 Figure 1.62 Permissive Trip Receiver Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 139 Protection Functions R.1.97 Permissive Overreaching Transfer Tripping Scheme Figure 1.63 POTT Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 140 R.1.98 Protection Functions Permissive Overreaching Transfer Tripping Scheme Relay Word Relay Bits Word Bits KEY3 Z3RB Reset ETDPU KEY1 EDURD Figure 1.64 POTT Cross-Country Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 141 Protection Functions R.1.99 Permissive Overreaching Transfer Tripping Scheme Figure 1.65 POTT Scheme Logic (ECOMM := POTT3) With Echo and Weak Infeed Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 142 Directional Comparison Unblocking Scheme Logic The directional comparison unblocking (DCUB) tripping scheme in the SEL-421 provides a good combination of security and reliability, even when a communications channel is less than perfect. Communications channel failures are unlikely to occur during external faults. You can use the DCUB trip scheme with conventional communications channels such as PLC (power line carrier).
Page 143 LOG2 := IN206 Channel 2 Loss-of-Guard Relay control inputs IN205 or IN206 assert when the relay receives a loss-of- guard signal from either of the two other terminals. When SEL control OGIC equation LOG1 (Channel 1 Loss-of-Guard) asserts, the relay asserts Relay...
Page 144 Block permissive trip on Receiver 2 PTXR2 Permissive trip received on Channel 2 Block permissive trip received on Channel 1 or Channel 2 PTRX Permissive trip received on Channel 1 and Channel 2 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 145 ECOMM := POTT3 ECOMM := DCUB1 Relay Word Bits PTRX1 PTRX2 Setting ECOMM := DCUB2 Setting ECOMM := DCUB1 Relay Word Bits UBB1 UBB2 Setting ECOMM := DCUB2 Figure 1.66 Permissive Trip Received Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 146 R.1.104 Protection Functions Directional Comparison Unblocking Scheme Logic Figure 1.67 DCUB Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 147 R.1.105 Trip Logic Trip Logic Use the SEL-421 trip logic to configure the relay for tripping one or two circuit breakers. You can apply the SEL-421 in single-pole tripping applications, three-pole tripping applications, or both. Set the SEL-421 to trip unconditionally (as with step distance) or with the aid of a communications channel (as with the POTT, DCUB, DCB, and DTT schemes).
Page 148 OGIC Trip Unlatch Options Unlatch the trip contact output after the trip to remove dc voltage from the trip coil. The SEL-421 provides two settings to unlatch trip contact outputs after a protection trip has occurred: ➤ TULO—following a protection trip, phase selective ➤...
Page 149 ➤ During the reclosing relay reclaim (reset) time state following a single-pole reclose. To use the reclosing relay in the SEL-421 to reclose the breaker(s), see Internal Recloser on page R.2.26. This section describes the E3PT, E3PT1, and E3PT2 settings necessary for auto-reclose logic control of the single-pole and three-pole tripping sequence.
Page 150 Use Relay Word bit 3PT (Three-Pole Trip) to trip all three poles of both circuit breakers. Manual Trip Logic The SEL-421 also has additional logic for manually tripping the circuit breakers. Use SEL control equations BK1MTR and BK2MTR to trip the OGIC circuit breakers manually.
Page 151 ULTRA Unlatch A-phase trip ULTRB Unlatch B-phase trip ULTRC Unlatch C-phase trip ULTR Unlatch all protection trips ATPA Assert A-phase trip ATPB Assert B-phase trip ATPC Assert C-phase trip A3PT Assert three-pole trip Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 152 TPB2 Circuit Breaker 2 trip B-phase TPC2 Circuit Breaker 2 trip C-phase Trip during open pole timer is asserted ULMTR1 Circuit Breaker 1 unlatch manual trip ULMTR2 Circuit Breaker 2 unlatch manual trip SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
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Page 154 67QGSP := Y 67Q2 67G2 φb ECOMM := POTT3 XAG2 MAG2 XAG2 MAG2 XAG1 MAG1 Z3RBA ECOMM := POTT3 φc ECTT SPOA 27AWI ECTTA ECOMM := POTT3 EWFC := SP Figure 1.68 Trip Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 155 Protection Functions R.1.113 Trip Logic TRPRM A3PT TRIP ATPA TDURD RESET ULTRA ATPB TDURD RESET ULTRB ATPC TDURD RESET ULTR RSTTRGT ULTRC Figure 1.68 Trip Logic Diagram (continued) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 156 TDUR3D Word Bits ULMTR1 Relay Word Bits TPA1 TPB1 TPC1 OGIC Settings E3PT1 Relay E3PT2 Word Bits TPA2 TPB2 TPC2 BK2MTR TDUR3D Relay Word ULMTR2 Figure 1.69 Two Circuit Breakers Trip Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 157 Setting E3PT Figure 1.71 Trip During Open Pole Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Use the SEL-421 to provide circuit breaker failure protection for as many as two circuit breakers. The circuit breaker failure protection logic includes the following schemes: ➤ Failure to interrupt fault current for phase currents ➤...
Page 158 Subsidence current exponentially decays and delays resetting of instantaneous overcurrent elements. However, the open phase detection logic causes the SEL-421 50Fn elements to reset in less that one cycle during subsidence current conditions see Figure 1.78, and...
Page 159 If 50FA1 remains asserted when timer SPBFPU1 expires and neither of the two Relay Word bits BFIB1 and BFIC1 are asserted, Relay Word bit FBFA1 (A-Phase Breaker 1 Circuit Breaker Failure) asserts. Use FBFA1 in the circuit Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 160 RTPU1 (Breaker 1 Retrip Time Delay on Pickup Timer) begins timing when initiation Relay Word bit BFIA1 asserts. Relay Word bit RTA1 (Breaker 1 A- Phase Retrip) asserts immediately after timer RTPU1 expires. You can use just SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 161 BFIDO1 time expires and all 50Fn elements deassert. No Current/Residual The SEL-421 has separate circuit breaker failure logic that operates on zero- sequence current rather than phase current. Use this logic to detect a circuit Current Circuit...
Page 162 BFI3P1 and BFINn. Circuit breaker failure clearing can occur after timer NPU1 times out. For no current/residual current breaker failure trips, insert NBF1 in the circuit breaker failure trip SEL OGIC control equation BFTR1 (see...
Page 163 The output of the flashover protection is Relay Word bit FOBF1. Use this output to activate an external alarm, retrip the circuit breaker, or energize a lockout relay. Circuit Breaker The SEL-421 has dedicated circuit breaker failure trip logic (see Figure 1.81). Set SEL control equation BFTR1 (Breaker Failure Trip—BK1) to assert...
Page 164 Name Description BFI3P1 Three-pole circuit breaker failure initiation BFIA1 A-phase circuit breaker failure initiation BFIB1 B-phase circuit breaker failure initiation BFIC1 C-phase circuit breaker failure initiation BFIN1 No current circuit breaker failure initiation SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 165 A-phase flashover current threshold 50FOB1 B-phase flashover current threshold 50FOC1 C-phase flashover current threshold BFTRIP1 Breaker 1 circuit breaker failure trip For Circuit Breaker 2, replace 1 with 2 in the setting label. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 166 BnOPHB ICBKn n = 1 or 2; corresponds to 50LCCn Circuit Breaker 1 or 50LPn — Circuit Breaker 2 BnOPHC SELOGIC Setting LCPUn BFILCn Figure 1.79 Failure to Interrupt Load Current Logic Diagram SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 167 Figure 1.80 Flashover Protection Logic Diagram Relay Word TDURTn OGIC Settings Relay TDUR3D Word BFTRn BFTRIPn BFULTRn RSTTRGT Relay Word Target Reset TRGTR Front Panel TAR R Serial Port Command Figure 1.81 Circuit Breaker Failure Trip Logic Diagram Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
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Page 169 The auto-reclose function accommodates both single-pole and three- pole reclosing. You can set the SEL-421 for a total of two single-pole and four three-pole reclose shots. The single-pole shots have a common dead time, while the three-pole shots have individual dead times.
Page 170 Restart ➤ Any relay settings change The SEL-421 stores the previous reclosing state for Relay Word bits 79CY1, 79CY3, BK1LO, BK2LO, BK1RS, and BK2RS when a restart or any relay settings change occurs. At power up the recloser logic goes from the start state to the lockout state.
Page 171 Lockout (BK1LO, BK2LO) The lockout state is the default state of any circuit breaker after power up. Other conditions place the recloser in the LO state. The SEL-421 recloser has a drive-to-lockout function that you can program for any external or internal condition;...
Page 172 Three-pole auto-reclose cycle Three-pole auto-reclose cycle 79CY3 Lockout Lockout BK1LO One-Circuit-Breaker Auto-Reclosing One Circuit Breaker The SEL-421 auto-reclose logic operates in three modes: Auto-Reclose Modes ➤ Single-pole mode (SPAR) ➤ Three-pole mode (3PAR) ➤ Single- and three-pole mode (SPAR/3PAR) Relay settings ESPR1 (Single-Pole Reclose Enable—BK1) and E3PR1 (Three-Pole Reclose Enable—BK1) determine the auto-reclose mode (see...
Page 173 Other recloser settings include the initial recloser settings (see Enable Auto- Reclose Logic for Two Circuit Breakers on page R.2.23) and the trip logic enable settings E3PT, E3PT1, and E3PT2. When SEL control equations OGIC E3PT, E3PT1, and E3PT2 are deasserted, a single-pole reclose follows a single-pole trip;...
Page 174 If the circuit breaker closes, the recloser starts timer 3PRCD (Three-Pole Reclaim Time Delay). The recloser determines subsequent state transitions during reclaim timing according to the status of Relay Word bit 3PLSHT (Three-Pole Reclose Last Shot). SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 175 Pole Mode on page R.2.6. Three-Pole Priority If a single-pole auto-reclose cycle 79CY1 is in progress and the relay receives an initiation for three-pole reclosing 3PRI, the recloser immediately starts a three-pole auto-reclose cycle 79CY3. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 176 General Global Settings (Global) NUMBK Number of Breakers in Scheme Breaker Configuration (Breaker Monitor) BK1TYP Breaker 1 Trip Type Breaker 1 Inputs (Breaker Monitor) 52AA1 A-Phase N/O Contact Input—BK1 (SEL Equation) IN101 OGIC 52AB1 B-Phase N/O Contact Input—BK1 (SEL Equation) IN102...
Page 177 Trip Logic and Reclose Sources Internal Recloser Program the SEL-421 recloser function to drive the trip logic with Relay Word bits R3PTE (Recloser Three-Pole Trip Enable) and R3PTE1 (Recloser 3-pole trip enable Circuit Breaker 1) as follows: E3PT := R3PTE...
Page 178 Enter enable settings ESPR1 and E3PR1 as appropriate for your application. The SEL-421 is a single-pole tripping relay; if E3PT and E3PT1 are logical 0, the relay is enabled for single-pole tripping. Conversely, if E3PT and E3PT1 are logical 1, the relay is enabled for three-pole tripping only.
Page 179 The recloser determines subsequent state transitions during reclaim timing according to the status of Relay Word bit SPLSHT (Single-Pole Reclose Last Shot). When SPLSHT is asserted, the recloser forces all subsequent relay trips to three-pole only mode. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 180 Relay Word bit 3PARC asserts. The recloser freezes calculation of the number of breakers, the leader circuit breaker, and the follower circuit breaker. Depending on the calculation, the recloser asserts the appropriate Relay Word bits NBK0, NBK1, NBK2, LEADBK0, LEADBK1, LEADBK2, SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 181 Auto-Reclosing and Synchronism Check R.2.13 Two-Circuit-Breaker Auto-Reclosing FOLBK0, FOLBK1, and FOLBK2. The recloser checks SEL control OGIC equation 79SKP at this point to determine whether to increment the shot counter. The recloser waits for 3POLINE to assert: ➤ if E79 := Y, 3POLINE asserts when both breakers (leader and...
Page 182 SPRCD reclaim time and SPLSHT is asserted, then the recloser asserts Relay Word bit 3PARC if all three-pole reclose conditions are satisfied. Upon asserting 3PARC, the recloser exits the 79CY1 cycle state and goes to the SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 183 Choose Circuit Breaker BK1 as the leader and Circuit Breaker BK2 as the follower. If Circuit Breaker BK1 is out of service (for maintenance, for example), the SEL-421 can automatically make Circuit Breaker BK2 the leader. The relay freezes the leader, follower, and number of active circuit breaker designations during an auto-reclose cycle.
Page 184 ➤ LEADBK2, Leader Breaker = Breaker 2 The SEL-421 loads the corresponding circuit breaker settings into the leader Relay Word bits (LEADBK0, LEADBK1, and LEADBK2). If there is no leader (no circuit breaker is active), the relay loads a logical 0 into LEADBK1 and LEADBK2, and a logical 1 into LEADBK0.
Page 185 BK1 is locked out and BK2 is closed. If you do not want BK2 to become the leader, set FBKCEN := 52AA1. Also see Example One: No Follower on page R.2.18 for another method to prevent BK2 from becoming the leader. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 186 R.2.18 Auto-Reclosing and Synchronism Check Two-Circuit-Breaker Auto-Reclosing The following examples help illustrate how the SEL-421 auto-reclose logic dynamically determines the leader and follower circuit breakers. These examples describe a two circuit breaker scheme (such as used in a circuit breaker-and-a-half arrangement) as shown in Figure 2.3.
Page 187 Block Reclosing with Enable Settings To block BK2 as leader use the enable settings; set ESPR2 := NBK2 and E3PR2 := NBK2. With these enable settings BK2 never becomes the leader circuit breaker. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 188 No Active Breakers in Reclose Scheme NBK1 One Breaker Active in Reclose Scheme NBK2 Two Active Breakers in Reclose Scheme LEADBK0 No Leader Breaker LEADBK1 Leader Breaker = Breaker 1 LEADBK2 Leader Breaker = Breaker 2 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 189 Follower Breaker = Breaker 1 FOLBK2 Follower Breaker = Breaker 2 79CY3 Cycle State The SEL-421 auto-reclose logic receives a three-pole initiation. Table 2.15 defines the logical state of the auto-reclose logic for this example during the three-pole auto-reclose cycle.
Page 190 2.17. Circuit Breaker BK1 is out of service for maintenance and Disconnect Switch 1 is open. Table 2.17 Leader/Follower Selection Setting Label Setting SLBK1 IN106 (Disconnect 1 a contacts) SLBK2 IN107 (Disconnect 2 a contacts) FBKCEN SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 191 These conditions are frozen during an auto-reclose cycle. The SEL-421 auto-reclose logic can unfreeze these conditions if the relay receives another initiation.
Page 192 For additional settings to set specific operating parameters for the recloser, refer to Auto-Reclose and Synchronism Check Example on page A.1.137. Recloser Mode The SEL control equations E3PRn and ESPRn set the SEL-421 for the OGIC three auto-reclose modes. Table 2.21 Table 2.22 illustrate how to enable Enables the auto-reclose modes per circuit breaker.
Page 193 When E3PR2 equals logical 1, the relay can attempt a three-pole auto-reclose cycle for Circuit Breaker BK2. If E3PR2 equals logical 0, the relay goes to lockout following a three-pole trip for Circuit Breaker BK2. Assert one or all SEL control equations E3PR1, E3PR2, ESPR1, and OGIC ESPR2 according to your reclosing requirements.
Page 194 Enter enable settings ESPR1 and E3PR1 as appropriate for your application. The SEL-421 is a single-pole tripping relay; that is, if E3PT is logical 0 and E3PT1 equals logical 0, the relay can single-pole trip Circuit Breaker BK1. If E3PT1 equals logical 1, the relay can only three-pole trip Circuit Breaker 1.
Page 195 Auto-Reclosing and Synchronism Check R.2.27 Auto-Reclose Logic Diagrams External Recloser If reclosing is performed by an external relay, assert SEL control OGIC equations E3PT, E3PT1, and E3PT2 via control inputs (for example): E3PT := IN104 Three-Pole Trip Enable (SEL Equation)
Page 196 Figure 2.6 Line-Open Logic Diagram When E79 := Y Relay Relay Word Bits Word Bits NBK2 3POBK1 3POBK2 3POLINE NBK1 LEADBK1 3POBK1 LEADBK2 3POBK2 Figure 2.7 Line-Open Logic Diagram When E79 := Y1 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 197 R3PTE1 ESPR1 79CY3 R3PTE BK1LO SPARC NUMBK := 2 BK2LO ESPR2 R3PTE2 SPRI Figure 2.8 Single-Pole Reclose Enable 3PLSHT E3PR1 BK1LO 3PARC E3PR2 BK2LO NUMBK := 2 3PRI Figure 2.9 Three-Pole Reclose Enable Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 198 Breaker Close Failure Time (BKCFD) SPARC Timing Timed Out Single Pole Reclaim Time (SPRCD) Lockout 3PARC Timed (BK1LO) to Beginning Ready State of 79CY3 (BK1RS) Figure 2.10 One Circuit Breaker Single-Pole Cycle State (79CY1) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 199 Time (79BRCT) Asserted? (BK1LO) Timed Out to Beginning of 79CY3 3PARC Timing Three-Pole Reclaim Timer (3PRCD) Timed Breaker Open Lockout Reset State (BK1LO) (BK1RS) Figure 2.11 One Circuit Breaker Three-Pole Cycle State (79CY3) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 200 To Reclaim Stage Recalculate NBKn, To Beginning Leader, and Follower of 79CY1 SPARC Time Between 3PARC 79CY3 Timed Breakers (TBBKD) Figure 2.12 Two Circuit Breakers Single-Pole Cycle State (79CY1) When E79 := Y SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 201 *Send Both Breakers to Ready State Determine Leader LEADBK2 LEADBK1 Breaker #1 Breaker #2 Ready State (BK1RS) Ready State (BK2RS) Figure 2.12 Two Circuit Breakers Single-Pole Cycle State (79CY1) When E79 := Y (continued) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 202 To Reclaim Stage Recalculate NBKn, To Beginning Leader, and Follower of 79CY1 SPARC Time Between 3PARC 79CY3 Timed Breakers (TBBKD) Figure 2.13 Two Circuit Breakers Single-Pole Cycle State (79CY1) When E79 := Y1 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 203 *Send Both Breakers to Ready State Determine Leader LEADBK2 LEADBK1 Breaker #1 Breaker #2 Ready State (BK1RS) Ready State (BK2RS) Figure 2.13 Two Circuit Breakers Single-Pole Cycle State (79CY1) When E79 := Y1 (continued) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 204 Determine Active Is Leader Closed? Delay (BKnCLSD) Breakers in Scheme NBK1 NBK2 Timing Lockout Timed (BKnLO) Breaker Close Failure Timer (BKCFD) Figure 2.14 Two Circuit Breakers Three-Pole Cycle State (79CY3) When E79 := Y SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 205 Send Follower Lockout To Reclaim to Lockout (BKnLO) Stage BKR Close Failure Timer (BKCFD) 3PARC To Beginning of 79CY3 Figure 2.14 Two Circuit Breakers Three-Pole Cycle State (79CY3) When E79 := Y (continued) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 206 Determine Leader to the Reset State (BKnRS) LEADBK2 LEADBK1 Breaker #1 Breaker #2 Ready State (BK1RS) Ready State (BK2RS) Figure 2.14 Two Circuit Breakers Three-Pole Cycle State (79CY3) When E79 := Y (continued) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 207 Determine Active Is Leader Closed? Delay (BKnCLSD) Breakers in Scheme NBK1 NBK2 Timing Lockout Timed (BKnLO) Breaker Close Failure Timer (BKCFD) Figure 2.15 Two Circuit Breakers Three-Pole Cycle State (79CY3) When E79 := Y1 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 208 Send Follower Lockout To Reclaim to Lockout (BKnLO) Stage BKR Close Failure Timer (BKCFD) 3PARC To Beginning of 79CY3 Figure 2.15 Two Circuit Breakers Three-Pole Cycle State (79CY3) When E79 := Y1 (continued) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 209 Manual closing is available via the relay to issue a close to the circuit breaker(s) via the same close logic outputs used in auto-reclosing (Relay Word bits BK1CL and BK2CL for up to two circuit breakers). The manual close logic can be user-configured in most any manner with SEL settings OGIC BK1MCL and BK2MCL.
Page 210 BK1 manual close logic is not actively operating and two breakers are enabled for the scheme (global setting NUMBK := 2). Thus, manually closing can only be attempted for one breaker at a time. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 211 (ULCL1 := 1 ?) Assert Breaker Close Failure output (BK1CFT := 1) De-assert Close Output (BK1CL := 0) From Breaker BK2 logic Breaker 2 Manual Close Logic Similiar to Breaker 1 Figure 2.16 Manual Close Logic Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 212 (global setting NUMBK := 2), as shown in Figure 2.17. If the SEL-421 is only connected to a single breaker (global setting NUMBK := 1), then settings 27BK2P and 59BK2P and their associated elements (LLDB2, DLDB2, and DLLB2) are not available.
Page 213 (DLDB1) (DLDB2) Live Line/ Live Line/ Dead Bus 1 Dead Bus 2 (LLDB1) (LLDB2) Bus 1 Bus 2 Line (Bus 1 Potential) (Bus 2 Potential) (Line Potential) Figure 2.17 Voltage Check Element Applications Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 214 E3PR1 Three-Pole Reclose Enable—BK1 PLT06 (SEL Equation) OGIC E3PR2 Three-Pole Reclose Enable—BK2 PLT06 (SEL Equation) OGIC TBBKD Time Between Breakers for Automatic Reclose (1–99999 cycles) BKCFD Breaker Close Failure Delay (OFF, 1–99999 cycles) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 215 Settings and Relay Word Bits for Auto-Reclosing and Manual Closing Table 2.24 Auto-Reclose Logic Settings (Sheet 2 of 3) Label Prompt Default Value SLBK1 Lead Breaker = Breaker 1 (SEL Equation) OGIC SLBK2 Lead Breaker = Breaker 2 (SEL Equation)
Page 216 Three-Pole Reclose Initiation 3PT AND NOT (SEL Equation) (M2PT OR Z2GT OGIC OR M3PT OR Z3GT OR SOTFT) 79SKP Skip Reclosing Shot (SEL Equation) OGIC 3P1CLS Three Pole BK 1 Reclose Supervision (SEL Equation) OGIC 3P2CLS Three Pole BK 2 Reclose Supervision...
Page 217 Breaker 2 Closed Externally BK1RCIP BK1 Reclaim in Progress BK2RCIP BK2 Reclaim in Progress 79STRT Relay in Start State TBBK Time Between Breakers Timing LEADBK0 No Leader Breaker LEADBK1 Leader Breaker = Breaker 1 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 218 Synchronism Check Synchronism-check elements prevent circuit breakers from closing if the corresponding phases across the open circuit breaker are excessively out of phase. The SEL-421 synchronism-check elements selectively close circuit breaker poles under the following criteria: ➤ The systems on both sides of the open circuit breaker are in phase (within a settable voltage angle difference).
Page 219 In this example, do not set the voltage angle difference setting to less than 15–20 degrees nominal. A paralleled system does not imply a zero degree voltage angle difference at every measuring point. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 220 Synchronism Check for Circuit Breaker BK1 (Y, N) E25BK2 := Y Synchronism Check for Circuit Breaker BK2 (Y, N) If you are using the SEL-421 on a single circuit breaker, enable synchronism check for only one circuit breaker (E25BK1 := Y and E25BK2 := N).
Page 221 ANG1BK2 — max. angle difference 1 ANG2BK1 — max. angle difference 2 ANG2BK2 — max. angle difference 2 TCLSBK1 — breaker close time TCLSBK2 — breaker close time BSYNBK1 — block synch check (SEL OGIC BSYNBK2 — block synch check (SEL OGIC Line .
Page 222 Circuit Breaker BK2 slip frequency less than 0.005 Hz (“no slip” condition) 0.005 Hz  Circuit Breaker BK2 slip frequency < 25SFBK2 SFBK2 25W1BK2 Voltage angle across Circuit Breaker BK2 < ANG1BK2 25W2BK2 Voltage angle across Circuit Breaker BK2 < ANG2BK2 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 223 PT Connections Figure 2.24 is an example of connecting PTs to the SEL-421 for two circuit breakers. The Bus 1 and Bus 2 single-phase voltages are connected to relay voltage inputs VAZ and VBZ, respectively. They could just as easily have been connected to any of the other voltage inputs.
Page 224 R.2.56 Auto-Reclosing and Synchronism Check Synchronism Check Separate, single-phase Three-phase line bus/source voltage connections voltage connections SEL-421 rear panel VAZ VBZ VCZ VAY VBY VCY (partial) Bus 1 Bus 2 Line Figure 2.24 Example Synchronism-Check Voltage Connections to the SEL-421 Voltage Magnitude Figure 2.24...
Page 225 V . The resultant Bus 1 and Bus 2 voltages are the normalized synchronism-check voltage sources V and V respectively. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 226 ∠240˚ Figure 2.26 Normalized Synchronism-Check Voltage Sources VS1 and VS2 Voltage Checks and Two conditions can cause the synchronism-check function in the SEL-421 to abort. These conditions are out-of-range synchronism-check input voltages Blocking Logic and block synchronism check configurations that you specify in SEL OGIC control equations.
Page 227 1 logical 1 Figure 2.27 Healthy Voltage Window and Indication Block Synchronism Check If the block synchronism check BSYNBKn SEL control equation (where OGIC n = 1 or 2 for Circuit Breaker BK1 or Circuit Breaker BK2, respectively) asserts, synchronism check cannot proceed for the corresponding circuit breaker.
Page 228 Otherwise, if the phase angle is greater than or equal to angle setting ANG1BK1, element outputs 25W1BK1 and 25A1BK1 both deassert to logical 0; the relay declares that the per-phase voltages across Circuit Breaker BK1 are out-of-synchronism. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 229 Synchronism-Check Element Output Effects Note that element outputs 25W1BK1 and 25A1BK1 operate identically in all of the “no slip” cases in Figure 2.29 (both assert to logical 1 or deassert to logical 0). Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 230 If the slip frequency is positive, V is slipping ahead of reference V (the system corresponding to V has a higher system frequency than the system corresponding to V > f ). Positive slip frequency is the counter- SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 231 Figure 2.31 is derived from Figure 2.30, but with the maximum slip frequency setting 25SFBK1 set to some value other than OFF; thus the SEL-421 Compensation” compensates for circuit breaker closing time with setting TCLSBK1. This Synchronism Check results in a compensated normalized synchronism-check voltage source V'...
Page 232 V by an angle described by Equation 2.3:   slip cycle – 360 -------------------------------------------------- - ----------------------- - angle • • TCLSBK1 (cyc) 60 cyc slip cycle ---------------- - • Equation 2.3 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 233 Element output 25A1BK1 remains asserted to logical 1 as V moves away from reference V . When the phase angle difference between reference V V is again greater than angle setting ANG1BK1, element output 25A1BK1 deasserts to logical 0. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 234 Auto-Reclosing and Synchronism Check Synchronism Check Alternative You can program alternative input sources for the synchronism-check function in the SEL-421. Alternative inputs give you additional flexibility to Synchronism-Check synchronize other portions of your power system. Source 2 Settings The SEL...
Page 235 Generator switch to IN104 These input connections are for this application example only; use relay inputs that are appropriate for your system. Set the ALTS2 SEL control equation to assert when Circuit OGIC Breaker BK3 is open and the generator switch is closed.
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Page 237 OGIC provide relay operation customization. SEL control equations in the OGIC SEL-421 Relay provide both protection application flexibility and a platform for substation automation. control equation programming in the SEL-421 includes several OGIC features and capabilities not included in SEL-300 series relays. The new...
Page 238 OGIC Separation of Protection and Automation Areas The SEL-421 acts as a protective relay and as a smart node in distributed substation automation. The relay collects data, coordinates inputs from many interfaces, and automatically controls substation equipment. The relay performs protection and automation functions but keeps programming of these functions separate.
Page 239 Settings Figure 3.1 Protection and Automation Separation Figure 3.1 illustrates how the SEL-421 keeps protection and automation programming separate while still exchanging information. The arrows indicate data flow between components. The Relay Word Bits and Analog Quantities are visible to protection, automation, and output programming.
Page 240 Control Equation Programming OGIC Control Equation Programming OGIC Control Equation Programming OGIC There are two major areas where the SEL-421 uses SEL control OGIC equations. First, fixed SEL control equations define the operation of fixed OGIC protection elements or outputs. As with SEL-300 series relay programming, protection programming and outputs use fixed SEL control equations.
Page 241 OGIC SEL-421 evaluates the expression on the right to a result that is a logical 1 or a logical 0. The LVALUE must be some type of Boolean storage location or setting that requires a Boolean value. For example, the setting for the...
Page 242 OGIC in a SEL control equation with the # character. The comment then OGIC continues to the end of the line. If you begin a SEL control equation with OGIC a comment character, then the entire line is a comment.
Page 243 The programming and operation of fixed SEL control equations in this OGIC area is very similar to programming in SEL-300 series relays. There is a free-form SEL control equation programming area associated OGIC with protection.
Page 244 The relay executes output logic and processes outputs at the protection processing interval. Multiple Setting Groups The SEL-421 has six (6) independent setting groups, as shown in the left-hand side of Figure 3.2. Each setting group has complete relay settings (distance, directional, overcurrent, reclosing, etc.—see...
Page 245 SS6. Settings SS1 through SS6 have priority over all other selection methods. Use remote bits in these equations to select setting groups with Fast Operate commands as described in SEL Fast Meter, Fast Operate, and Fast SER Messages on page R.5.8.
Page 246 Active Setting Group The SEL-421 is disabled for less than 1 second while in the process of changing active setting groups. Relay elements, timers, and logic are reset, Changes unless indicated otherwise in the specific logic description. For example, local...
Page 247 Automation The SEL-421 provides storage space for 10 blocks of as many as 100 lines of automation free-form programming each. The relay executes automation programming differently than protection logic programming. The result is that automation free-form logic execution time varies with the amount of free- form logic expressions that you enter.
Page 248 OGIC timers, and counters that you can use to customize the operation of your SEL-421 and use the relay to automate substation operation. The elements that you can use in SEL control equations are summarized in Table 3.5.
Page 249 ASV001–ASV256 OGIC Use the SEL control equation variables in free-form logic statements in OGIC any order you want. Use a SEL control equation variable more than once OGIC in free-form logic programming, and use SEL control equation variables OGIC as arguments in SEL control equations.
Page 250 PMV09 := 5 + VAFM # Store sum of 5 and A-phase voltage in kV in PMV09 You can use SEL control equation math variables more than once OGIC in free-form programming. Use AMV010 in the following SEL OGIC control equations to calculate intermediate results. # Determine if any phase voltage is greater than 13 kV...
Page 251 Latch bits are reset dominant. If the Set and Reset inputs are both asserted, the relay will reset the latch. Latch bits are available in two different programming areas of the SEL-421. First, there are 32 latch bits, PLT01–PLT32, that are associated with protection settings.
Page 252 BK1MTR := PSV32 # Remote manual trip RB02 supervised with RB01 enable BK1MCL := PSV33 # Remote manual close RB02 supervised with RB01 enable Evaluation of the latch bit value occurs at the end of the protection SEL OGIC control equation execution cycle. The values evaluated for Reset (PLTnnR)
Page 253 The relay evaluates the latch bit value at the end of the automation free-form control equation execution cycle. The values for Reset (ALTnnR) OGIC and Set (ALTnnS) remain unchanged until evaluation of all SEL control OGIC equations, when the relay evaluates the latch (ALTnn). For example, if you...
Page 254 3.5. Because the Pickup Time, PCT02PU, setting is zero, the Output, PCT02Q, turns on when the Input, PCT02IN, turns on. The Output turns off after the Input turns off and the Dropout Time, PCT02DO, expires. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 255 The relay asserts the timer output on the first processing interval when the elapsed time exceeds the setting. In the SEL-421, the protection processing interval is 1/8 cycle. Actual settings, programming, and operation are illustrated in Example 3.7.
Page 256 If your Pickup Time or OGIC Dropout Time equation is below the Input equation (has a higher expression line number), the relay will use the value calculated on the previous SEL OGIC control equation execution interval. Because the relay calculates the last value...
Page 257 Timer reset Boolean SEL con- PST01R OGIC trol equation setting AST07R Output Elapsed Time Time accumulated Value for math SEL PST01ET OGIC since the last reset control equations. Pro- AST07ET tection uses cycles, while automation uses seconds. Output Output Timer output...
Page 258 OGIC for the timer Reset (PSTnnR or ASTnnR) or Preset Time (PSTnnPT or ASTnnPT), the values for Reset and Preset Time that the relay uses are the last values that the relay calculates before the input SEL control equation OGIC calculation.
Page 259 OGIC enter an expression for the counter Reset (PCNnnR) or the counter Preset (PCNnnPV), the values for Reset and Preset that the relay uses are the last values the relay calculates before the input SEL control equation OGIC calculation. Because the relay uses the last values for Reset and Preset in this...
Page 260 # Assign the alias names with the SET T command SET T PMV01,THETA # Assign the alias “THETA” to PMV01 PMV02,TAN # Assign the alias “TAN” to PMV02 Use the alias names “THETA” and “TAN “ in a free-form SEL OGIC control equation: # Calculate the tangent of THETA...
Page 261 Operator Precedence When you combine several operators and operations within a single expression, the SEL-421 evaluates the operations from left to right, starting with the highest precedence operators working down to the lowest precedence. This means that if you write an equation with three AND operators, for example PSV01 AND PSV02 AND PSV03, each AND will be evaluated from the left to the right.
Page 262 Table 3.21 Parentheses Operation in Boolean Equation A AND B A AND OR C (B OR C) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 263 R_TRIG is a time-based function that creates a pulse when another value changes, as shown in Figure 3.9. Use R_TRIG to sense when a value changes from logical 0 to logical 1 and take action only once when the value changes. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 264 Interval Interval Figure 3.9 R_TRIG Timing Diagram The argument of an R_TRIG statement must be a single bit within the SEL-421. An example of the relay detecting a rising edge of a calculated quantity is shown in Example 3.11. EXAMPLE 3.11 R_TRIG Operation The SEL control equation below is invalid.
Page 265 OGIC Control Equation Operators OGIC The argument of an F_TRIG statement must be a single bit within the SEL-421. An example of the relay detecting a falling edge of a calculated quantity is shown in Example 3.12. EXAMPLE 3.12 F_TRIG Operation...
Page 266 AMV003 := SIN (AMV037 + PMV42) # Group terms for a function Math Error Detection If a math operation results in an error, the SEL-421 turns on the math error bit, MATHERR, in the Relay Word. A settings change or the STATUS SC command provides reset for this bit.
Page 267 OGIC signals a math error, MATHERR, asserts. The value that the relay stored previously in the specified result location is not replaced. The SEL-421 clears the corresponding math error bits if you change SEL control equation OGIC settings (protection or automation), or if you issue a STATUS SC command.
Page 268 AMV009 := LOG (AMV100) # Produces an error if AMV100 is 0 or negative SIN and COS Use the SIN or COS operators to calculate the sine or cosine of the argument. SIN and COS operate in degrees, the unit of angular measure the SEL-421 uses to express metering quantities. Example 3.17 shows examples of SIN and COS.
Page 269 Arithmetic on page R.3.30. Example 3.18 shows examples of ASIN and ACOS. EXAMPLE 3.18 Using the ASIN and ACOS Operators The free-form math SEL control equations below are examples of OGIC ASIN and ACOS. # ASIN examples AMV001 := ASIN (AMV010) # Arc sine of AMV010 AMV002 := ASIN (AMV010 + AMV011) # Arc sine of the sum AMV003 := ASIN (AMV012) # Produces an error if |AMV012| >...
Page 270 AMV001 := -AMV009 # If AMV009 is 5, stores –5 in AMV001 AMV002 := -AMV009 # If AMV009 is –5, stores 5 in AMV002 Effective Programming This section contains several ideas useful for creating, maintaining, and troubleshooting programming in the SEL-421 protection and automation control equation programming environments. OGIC Planning and...
Page 271 Create these comments in the fixed and free-form SEL control equations, OGIC and store these comments in the SEL-421. Obtain comments to assist you in using the ASCII interface or SEL configuration software, regardless of whether you have the original files downloaded to the relay.
Page 272 SEL-311 and SEL-351 Series Users You can convert logic that you have used in SEL-311 series relays and SEL-351 series relays to logic for the SEL-421. In the SEL-311 series relays, control equation programming is restricted to equations where the OGIC left side value, LVALUE, is fixed.
Page 273 Boolean operators in the SEL-421 are different OGIC from those used in SEL-300 series relays. For example, if you wish to convert programming from an SEL-311 or SEL-351 series relay for the SEL-421, you must convert the operators.
Page 274 EXAMPLE 3.26 Converting SEL-311 Series Relay Latch Bits If you have the following SEL control equation latch OGIC programming in an SEL-311 series relay, convert it as shown below. SET1 = RB4 RST1 = RB5 OUT101 = LT1 In the SEL-421, use the format shown below.
Page 275 A communications protocol is a language that you can use to perform relay operations and collect data. For information on protocols that you can use with the SEL-421, see the instruction manual sections listed in Table 4.1.
Page 276 Serial Communication Each SEL-421 has four serial ports that you can use for serial communication with other devices. While these ports are all EIA-232, you can add transceivers or converters to operate on different physical media including EIA-485 and fiber-optic cable.
Page 277: Communications Interfaces ..........................................................................................................................R
Cables provides the SEL cable number with wiring and construction information, so you can order the appropriate cable from SEL or construct one. If you do not see information for your application, please contact SEL and we will assist you. You can obtain a copy of the SEL-5801 software by contacting SEL or from the SEL website www.selinc.com.
Page 278 SEL-2885 or SEL-2884 transceiver to convert one of the rear-panel EIA-232 ports (PORT 1 or PORT 3) on the relay to an EIA-485 port. The SEL-2885 and SEL-2884 are powered by the +5 Vdc output on Pin 1. These transceivers offer transformer isolation not found on most EIA-232-to-EIA-485 transceivers.
Page 279 R.4.5 Communications Card Once installed in an SEL-421, the Ethernet card settings become part of the relay settings. The card cannot be set directly–it must be set as relay PORT 5. The settings needed for network operation and data exchange protocols, including DNP3 and IEC 61850, are available in the PORT 5 settings.
Page 280 (meaning that there is no default router), then the default router must be on the same local network as the SEL-421 or the SEL-421 will reject the DEFRTR setting. You must also coordinate the default router with your general network implementation and administration plan.
Page 281 FTP is a standard application-level protocol for exchanging files between computers over a TCP/IP network. The SEL-421 Ethernet card operates as an FTP server. It presents Ethernet card and host files to FTP clients. The...
Page 282 R.4.8 Communications Interfaces Communications Card SEL-421 Ethernet card can support as many as three simultaneous FTP sessions, allowing simultaneous FTP access to as many as three separate users. The host maintains the access control list that determines FTP log-in IDs and passwords.
Page 283 Ethernet card. Host user interface access is similar to an ASCII terminal connection to the front port of an SEL device. You can use Telnet in the Ethernet card in one of three ways: 1.
Page 284 Table 4.10 summarizes the user commands. As with serial ports on SEL devices, you can control character transmission in a Telnet session using control characters. Send the control characters listed in Table 4.9 to control long transmissions like event reports and SER reports.
Page 285 Perform all Access Level 1 functions plus advanced diag- nostics and set date/time. Each access level has a password. The Ethernet card uses passwords set in the host for the same access level. For example, if you have an SEL-2032 and Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual...
Page 286 Table 4.11. For example, if your Ethernet card is installed in an SEL-2032, you can Telnet to the Ethernet card or make a transparent connection from one of the SEL-2032 serial ports to the Ethernet card.
Page 287 (object type, indices and destination) that are accessible via DNP3. The output of the DNPMAP command documents the DNP3 data map in the SEL-421 to help with the configuration of the DNP3 master. If the DNPMAP setting is set to CUSTOM, then an additional integer...
Page 288 R.4.14 Communications Interfaces Communications Card GOOSE This command outputs the GOOSE multicast information and status for every GOOSE transmit and receive message connected to the SEL-421. The multicast information displayed includes: Field Description GOOSE Control Reference A concatenation of the IED name, LN0 lnClass (Logical...
Page 289 1256 Data Set: SEL_2701_GOOSE/LLN2$Master GOOSE Receive Status MultiCastAddr Ptag:Vlan StNum SqNum Code ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- SEL-2701/LLN0$GO$GooseDSet13 01-03-A7-00-00-01 1253758689 4786543985 123456 MSG CORRUPTED Data Set: SEL-2701-2/LLN0$Positions GE-F60/LLN0$GO$GEGooseDSet 01-03-A7-00-00-01 3:23 12568945 TTL EXPIRED Data Set: GE-F60/LLN1$Station1 GE-C30/LLN0$GO$GEGooseDSet 01-03-A7-00-00-01 3:343 1945 34456 Data Set: GE-C30/LLN2$Terminal...
Page 290 GOOSE command is executed during CID file processing: #>GOO <Enter> CID file is currently being parsed. No GOOSE statistics available. #> SEL-421 is disabled (after CID file parsed successfully): #>GOO <Enter> Host Disabled. All GOOSE processing disabled. #> The GOOSE command supports only one optional parameter, cnt. The cnt parameter causes the GOOSE command to be repeated cnt times.
Page 291 If the Ethernet card includes the IEC 61850 protocol option and the protocol is enabled (E61850 := Y), the ID command will display the following additional information: ➤ iedName: the IED name (e.g., SEL-421_OtterTail) ➤ type: the IED type (e.g., SEL_421) ➤...
Page 292 Ethernet card. See the host-specific section for more information on time synchronization. Communications Card The SEL-421 presents a database to an installed communications card. This database includes a variety of data within the relay that are available for the Database communications card.
Page 293 The LOCAL region contains the device FID, SID, and RID. It will also provide appropriate status points. This region is updated on settings changes and whenever monitored status points change. See Table 4.19. Table 4.19 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—LOCAL Region Address Name Type...
Page 294 R.4.20 Communications Interfaces Communications Card Table 4.20 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—METER Region (Sheet 1 of 2) Address Name Type Description (Hex) 1000 _YEAR 4-digit year when data was sampled 1001 DAY_OF_YEAR 1–366 day when data was sampled 1002 TIME(ms)
Page 295 Communications Interfaces R.4.21 Communications Card Table 4.20 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—METER Region (Sheet 2 of 2) Address Name Type Description (Hex) 1058 ANG1_DIF float VS1 and VP angle difference, in degrees 105A VS1_SLIP float VS1 frequency slip with respect to VP, in HZ...
Page 296 TARGET region. This region is updated every 0.5 seconds. See Table 4.22 for the Map. See Appendix A: Relay Word Bits the Reference Manual for detailed information on the Relay Word bits. Table 4.22 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—TARGET Region Address Name Type Description (Hex)
Page 297 Communications Interfaces R.4.23 Communications Card Table 4.23 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—HISTORY Region Address Name Type Description (Hex) 4000 _YEAR 4-digit year when data was sampled 4001 DAY_OF_YEAR int 1–366 day when data was sampled 4002 TIME(ms) long int Time of day in msec when data was sampled (0–86,400,000)
Page 298 Breaker 2 phase C number of operations The STATUS region contains complete relay status information. This region is updated every 5 seconds. See Table 4.25 for the Map. Table 4.25 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—STATUS Region (Sheet 1 of 2) Address Name Type...
Page 299 Communications Interfaces R.4.25 Communications Card Table 4.25 SEL-421 Communications Card Database Structure—STATUS Region (Sheet 2 of 2) Address Name Type Description (Hex) 602B PS_WARN char[8] Power supply warning string 6033 PS_FAIL char[8] Power supply failure string 603B HW_FAIL char[40] Hardware failure strings...
Page 300 1076h float 1078h float 107ah float 107ch float 107eh float 1080h float 1082h float 1084h float 1086h float 1088h float 108ah float 108ch float 108eh float Figure 4.4 MAP 1:METER Command Example SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 301 Section 5 R.Reference Manual SEL Communications Protocols This section describes features of the SEL-421 Relay communications protocols and includes the following topics: ➤ Serial Port Hardware Protocol on page R.5.1 ➤ Software Protocol Selections on page R.5.2 ➤ Protocol Active When Setting PROTO := SEL on page R.5.3 ➤...
Page 302 Until the relay transmits another character, the TXD pin will remain in the unasserted state. Software Protocol Selections The SEL-421 supports the protocols and command sets shown in Table 5.2. Table 5.2 Supported Serial Command Sets (Sheet 1 of 2)
Page 303 ➤ May have restrictions imposed by the protocol that encapsulates the virtual serial data You can set the SEL-421 to use virtual serial ports encapsulated in SEL communications links, DNP3 links, and through the Telnet IRRORED mechanism of an installed Ethernet card.
Page 304 <Ctrl> and <X> keys (<Ctrl+X>) to terminate the report. SEL Compressed ASCII Commands The relay supports a subset of SEL ASCII commands identified as Compressed ASCII commands. Each of these commands results in a comma- delimited message that includes a checksum field. Most spreadsheet and database programs can directly import comma-delimited files.
Page 305 SEL Communications Protocols R.5.5 Protocol Active When Setting PROTO := SEL Most commands are available only in SEL ASCII or Compressed ASCII format. Selected commands have versions in both standard SEL ASCII and Compressed ASCII formats. Compressed ASCII reports generally have fewer...
Page 306 Commands The CASCII message provides a block of data for each of the Compressed ASCII commands supported by an SEL device. The block of data for each command provides message description information to allow automatic data extraction. The relay arranges items in the Compressed ASCII configuration message in a predefined order.
Page 307 Normal transmission resumes after the relay receives an XON character. Interleaved ASCII and SEL relays have two separate data streams that share the same physical serial port. Human data communications with the relay consist of ASCII character Binary Messages commands and reports that you view using a terminal or terminal emulation package.
Page 308 Protocol Active When Setting PROTO := SEL Automatic Messages If you enable automatic messages, AUTO = Y, the SEL-421 issues a message any time the relay powers up, asserts a self-test, changes to another settings group, or triggers an event. For virtual ports, the relay issues automatic messages only if the connection is active.
Page 309 You must enable Fast Operate messages for a port before the relay accepts these messages on that port. In the port settings, when the protocol is set to SEL, the FASTOP setting is visible. Set FASTOP :=Y to enable Fast Operate commands or to N to disable Fast Operate commands.
Page 310 (Function Code 85). Fast SER message Relay completes dialog processing for acknowledge unsolicited message sequence. The SEL Fast Message Synchrophasor protocol is covered in Section 7: Synchrophasors. Recommended Use of Relay Self-Description Messages for Automatic Configuration Compressed ASCII and Fast Message commands provide information to allow an external computer-based device to adapt to the special messages for each relay.
Page 311 When you use a communications card, the file transfer protocol(s) supported by the card can present the file structure and send and receive files. The SEL-421 has a two-level file structure. There is one file at the root level and three subdirectories or folders.
Page 312 Step 2. You modify the settings at the PC. For each settings class that you modify, the software sends a SET_cn.TXT file to the SEL-421. Step 3. The PC software reads the ERR.TXT file. If it is not empty, the relay detects errors in the SET_cn.TXT file.
Page 313 Events Directory The relay provides history, event reports, and oscillography files in the EVENTS directory. Event reports are available in the following formats: SEL ASCII 4- or 8-samples/cycle reports and Compressed ASCII 4- or 8-samples/ cycle reports. The size of each event report file is determined by the LER...
Page 314 HR_10001.HDR Sample/second COMTRADE header file; read-only Ethernet Card Subdirectory If an Ethernet card with the DNP3 protocol is installed into an SEL-421, the card settings subdirectory (CARD) is accessible as a subdirectory of the SETTINGS directory. Table 5.13 CARD Subdirectory...
Page 315 B), there are eight logical data channels (1–8). In operation compatible with other SEL products, you can use the eight logical data channels for TMB1 through TMB8. If you use fewer than eight transmit bits, Data Channel 8 is reserved to support data framing and time synchronization features.
Page 316 Operation While the SEL-421 does not have a setting for the MB8 protocol implemented in some SEL products, you can configure the relay to communicate with SEL devices set to MB8A or MB8B. Set the SEL-421 protocol setting PROTO to MBA or MBB.
Page 317 RMBnPU and RMBnDO. A pickup/dropout security counter operates identically to a pickup/dropout timer, except that the counter uses units of counted received messages instead of time. An SEL-421 communicating with another SEL-421 typically sends Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual...
Page 318 Channel Synchronization When an SEL-421 detects a communications error, it deasserts ROKA or ROKB. The relay transmits an attention message until it receives an attention message that includes a match to the TX_ID setting value. If the attention message is successful, the relay has properly synchronized and data transmission will resume.
Page 319 The TXMODE setting provides compatibility with SEL devices that are not NOTE: You must use paced SEL-400 series relays. The SEL-421 can send messages more quickly than the transmission mode (set TXMODE := P) when connecting SEL-300 series relays and other SEL devices can process these messages.
Page 320 MBNUMVT Number of virtual terminal channels OFF,0–n, n=7–MBNUM– MBNUMAN Must be P for connections to devices that are not SEL-400 series relays. Hidden based on MBNUM setting. Hidden based on MBNUMAN setting. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 321 This protocol is appropriate for low-cost, low-speed port switching applications where updating a real-time database is not a requirement. The SEL-421 does not have built in LMD protocol, but you can connect an SEL-421 to an SEL-2885 EIA-232/485 Protocol Converter and connect the SEL-2885 to an EIA-485 multidrop network.
Page 322 Step 2. You can use the commands that are available for the protocol setting of the port where the SEL-2885 is installed. Step 3. If the port PROTO setting is set to SEL, you can use the QUIT command to terminate the connection.
Page 323 For more OGIC information on the SEL-2600A or SEL-2800, contact your local technical service center, the SEL factory, or visit the SEL website (www.selinc.com) for a copy of the SEL-2600A and SEL-2800 product flyers. Initialization Perform the following steps to prepare the SEL-421 for communicating with an SEL-2600A RTD module: Step 1.
Page 324 : This message is displayed for each channel Channel Not Used whose channel type is set to NA. When there is a status problem with the SEL-2600A RTD module, the MET T command will respond with an informational message, as shown in Figure 5.3.
Page 325 Section 6 R.Reference Manual DNP3 Communications The SEL-421 Relay provides a DNP3 (Distributed Network Protocol 3) Level 2 Slave interface for direct network connections to the relay. This section covers the following topics: ➤ Introduction to DNP3 ➤ DNP3 in the SEL-421 ➤...
Page 326 Binary points for control that move from the master to the remote are called Binary Outputs, while binary status points within the remote are called Binary Inputs. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 327 For example, you can poll once a minute for Class 1 data, once an hour for Class 2 data, and once a day for Class 3 data. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 328 (work together properly for all implemented features). Conformance testing does help to standardize the testing procedure and move the DNP implementers toward a higher level of interoperability. The SEL-421 is certified as having passed DNP3 Level 2 Slave conformance tests by a third- party organization, and the conformance certificate is on file at SEL.
Page 329 You can use any of the data access methods listed in Table 6.4. Table 6.4 also lists the SEL-421 DNP3 settings. You must configure the DNP master for the data access method you select. NOTE: Because unsolicited messaging only operates properly in Table 6.4 DNP Access Methods (Sheet 1 of 2)
Page 330 If you use the settings of 0.10 seconds for MAXDLY and 0.05 seconds for MINDLY, the SEL-421 will insert a random delay of 50 to 100 ms (milliseconds) between the end of carrier detection and the start of data transmission.
Page 331 Counters Binary Controls The SEL-421 provides more than one way to control individual points within the relay. The relay maps incoming control points either to remote bits within the relay or to internal command bits that cause circuit breaker operations.
Page 332 Modem Support The SEL-421 DNP implementation includes modem support. Your DNP master can dial-in to the SEL-421 and establish a DNP3 connection. The SEL-421 can automatically dial out and deliver unsolicited DNP event data. When the relay dials out, it waits for the...
Page 333 DNP3 Communications R.6.9 DNP3 in the SEL-421 Table 6.6 SEL-421 Port DNP Protocol Settings (Sheet 1 of 2) Name Description Range Default DNPADR DNP address 0–65519 ECLASSB Class for binary event data OFF, 1–3 ECLASSC Class for counter event data OFF, 1–3...
Page 334 Use the settings Class D to access the SEL-421 DNP Map settings shown in Table 6.7. The SEL-421 provides binary input information with one of two reference maps: binary or extended.
Page 335 DNP Objects 30 and 32. Warm Start and The DNP function codes for warm start and cold start reset the SEL-421 serial port. These function codes do not interrupt protection processes within the Cold Start relay.
Page 336 R.6.12 DNP3 Communications DNP3 Documentation interfaces on the SEL-421. The TEST DNP command operates by object and index number, so it works equally well with custom mapping and the default DNP map. When you are using the TEST DNP command to test DNP operation, the Relay Word bit TESTDNP will be asserted to indicate that test mode is active.
Page 337 Table 6.9 lists the objects and variations with supported function codes and qualifier codes available in the SEL-421. The list of supported objects conforms to the format laid out in the DNP specifications and includes both supported and unsupported objects. Those that are supported include the function and qualifier codes.
Page 338 R.6.14 DNP3 Communications DNP3 Documentation Table 6.9 SEL-421 DNP Object List (Sheet 2 of 4) Request Response Obj. Var. Description Funct. Codes Qual. Codes Funct. Codes Qual. Codes 32-Bit Delta Counter Without Flag 16-Bit Delta Counter Without Flag Frozen Counter—All Variations...
Page 339 DNP3 Communications R.6.15 DNP3 Documentation Table 6.9 SEL-421 DNP Object List (Sheet 3 of 4) Request Response Obj. Var. Description Funct. Codes Qual. Codes Funct. Codes Qual. Codes 16-Bit Frozen Analog Input 32-Bit Frozen Analog Input With Time of Freeze...
Page 340 If your DNP3 master does Class 0 polls, polls of all present value points, the response will be quite large. Use the custom DNP mapping functions of the SEL-421 to reduce the data map to the points that your application requires.
Page 341 The relay scales analog values by the indicated settings or fixed scaling indicated in the description. Analog dead bands for event reporting use the indicated settings, or ANADBM if you have specified no setting. Table 6.10 SEL-421 DNP3 Default Data Map (Sheet 1 of 4) Object Indices...
Page 342 R.6.18 DNP3 Communications DNP3 Documentation Table 6.10 SEL-421 DNP3 Default Data Map (Sheet 2 of 4) Object Indices Description 10, 12 Reset energies 10, 12 Reset breaker monitor 10, 12 Reset front panel targets 10, 12 Read next relay event...
Page 343 DNP3 Communications R.6.19 DNP3 Documentation Table 6.10 SEL-421 DNP3 Default Data Map (Sheet 3 of 4) Object Indices Description 30, 32 52, 53 Line negative-sequence current magnitude (3I2) in amps and angle (L3I2M, L3I2A) 30, 32 54–71 Reserved 30, 32...
Page 344 R.6.20 DNP3 Communications DNP3 Documentation Table 6.10 SEL-421 DNP3 Default Data Map (Sheet 4 of 4) Object Indices Description 30, 32 136–139 Reserved 30, 32 140–143 Reserved 30, 32 Peak A-phase demand current (amps) (IAPKD) 30, 32 Peak B-phase demand current (amps) (IBPKD)
Page 345 For example, the index of TLED_4 is 12 (the bit number, 4, plus the smaller number in the range, 8). Table 6.11 SEL-421 Object 1, 2 Relay Word Bit Mapping (Sheet 1 of 3) Relay Word Bits Index Range 7–0...
Page 346 R.6.22 DNP3 Communications DNP3 Documentation Table 6.11 SEL-421 Object 1, 2 Relay Word Bit Mapping (Sheet 2 of 3) Relay Word Bits Index Range 295–288 PSV16 PSV15 PSV14 PSV13 PSV12 PSV11 PSV10 PSV09 303–296 PSV24 PSV23 PSV22 PSV21 PSV20 PSV19...
Page 347 DNP3 Communications R.6.23 DNP3 Documentation Table 6.11 SEL-421 Object 1, 2 Relay Word Bit Mapping (Sheet 3 of 3) Relay Word Bits Index Range 615–608 CCIN025 CCIN026 CCIN027 CCIN028 CCIN029 CCIN030 CCIN031 CCIN032 623–616 CCIN017 CCIN018 CCIN019 CCIN020 CCIN021 CCIN022...
Page 348 R.6.24 DNP3 Communications DNP3 Documentation Reading Relay The SEL-421 provides protective relay event history information in one of two modes: single event or with a first-in, first-out (FIFO) multi-event access Event Data method. The default mode is single event. Single event mode provides the most recent tripping event. When a trigger...
Page 349 Pulse RB29 Pulse RB32 Pulse RB31 The SEL-421 assigns some special operations to the code portion of the control relay output block command. The special operations are shown in Table 6.16. Pulse operations provide a pulse duration of one protection- processing interval.
Page 350 R.6.26 DNP3 Communications DNP3 Documentation Table 6.16 SEL-421 Object 12 Code Selection Operation Indices Latch On Latch Off Pulse On Pulse Off 0–15 Set remote bits Clear remote bits Pulse remote bits Clear remote bits RB1–RB16 RB1–RB16 RB1–RB16 RB1–RB16 16–19...
Page 351 DNP3 Communications R.6.27 Application Example Application Example Application This example uses an SEL-421 connected to an RTU over an EIA-485 network. The RTU collects basic metering information from the relay. The network for this example is shown in Figure 6.1.
Page 352 Use default DNP map for Analog Outputs (Y/N) DNPAOD := Y ? <Enter> Binary Input Map (Index Number) 7 <Enter> 6 <Enter> 1024 <Enter> 1025 <Enter> 1026 <Enter> 1027 <Enter> 479 <Enter> 478 <Enter> (Continued on next page) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 353 := N DNPCOD := Y DNPAID := N DNPAOD := Y Binary Input Map (Index Number) 1: 7 2: 6 3: 1024 4: 1025 5: 1026 6: 1027 7: 479 (Continued on next page) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 354 EIA-232 to EIA-485. Unsolicited reporting has been disabled because the network is wired as a four-wire connection and does not provide carrier detection or the opportunity to monitor for data traffic on the network. Table 6.18 SEL-421 Port 3 Example Settings (Sheet 1 of 2) Setting Name Setting...
Page 355 DNP3 Communications R.6.31 Application Example Table 6.18 SEL-421 Port 3 Example Settings (Sheet 2 of 2) Setting Name Setting Description TIMERQ Ignore time-set request because IRIG-B is used for time syn- chronization DECPLA Scale current, multiplying by 10 to send amps and tenths of an amp.
Page 356 DNP LAN/WAN DNP LAN/WAN The installation of an Ethernet card in an SEL-421 Relay provides a DNP3 Level 2 Slave interface for direct Ethernet network connections to the relay. Because of the benefits that local- and wide-area networks provide, they have become ubiquitous throughout utilities.
Page 357 The same serial DNP event data objects are available for DNP3 over an Ethernet network. However, configuration is slightly different. You can still configure the SEL-421 to either report the data without a polling request from the master (unsolicited data) or hold the data until the master requests it with an event poll message.
Page 358 6.20. The DNP3 protocol settings are for the port assigned to the Ethernet port: PORT 5. Please keep in mind that any settings for the SEL-421 DNP3 Ethernet port will not affect any DNP3 serial port configuration or operation and vice-versa.
Page 359 ➤ enable or disable controls Note that although 10 masters are supported by the SEL-421, only five unique configuration files are available. These mapping files follow the naming convention SET_DNPn.TXT, where n indicates the DNP3 map from 1 to 5.
Page 360 R.6.36 DNP3 Communications DNP LAN/WAN in the SEL-421 Table 6.20 SEL-421 Ethernet Port DNP3 Protocol Settings (Sheet 2 of 4) Name Description Range Default DNPIP02 IP Address for 20 Char String “” Master 2 (www.xxx.yyy.zzz) … DNPCL02 Enable Controls for...
Page 361 DNP3 Communications R.6.37 DNP LAN/WAN in the SEL-421 Table 6.20 SEL-421 Ethernet Port DNP3 Protocol Settings (Sheet 3 of 4) Name Description Range Default DNPIP08 IP Address for 20 Char String “” Master 8 (www.xxx.yyy.zzz) … DNPCL08 Enable Controls for...
Page 362 R.6.38 DNP3 Communications DNP LAN/WAN in the SEL-421 Table 6.20 SEL-421 Ethernet Port DNP3 Protocol Settings (Sheet 4 of 4) Name Description Range Default NUMEVE Number of Events 1–200 to Transmit On (1 - 200) AGEEVE Age of Oldest Event 0–100000...
Page 363 DNP3 Communications R.6.39 DNP LAN/WAN in the SEL-421 Table 6.21 SEL-421 DNP LAN/WAN Map Settings (Sheet 2 of 2) Name Type Range Default Description CIM0000– Counter String of form "1:addr" where addr “” These settings correlate specific database CIM0127 Input Point must be in range 0–65534.
Page 364 BO maps. For CCINx bits. CPIds for the SEL-421 Relay, which has 128 CCINx points, example, you may set BOM000 = 160, 32 Remote Bits, 16 Remote Bit pairs, and controls for 2 Circuit Breakers, are...
Page 365 DNP LAN/WAN device profile information. Rather than checkboxes in the example Device Profile in the DNP3 Subset Definitions, only the relevant selections are shown. Table 6.23 SEL-421 DNP LAN/WAN Device Profile (Sheet 1 of 2) Parameter Value...
Page 366 R.6.42 DNP3 Communications DNP LAN/WAN Documentation Table 6.23 SEL-421 DNP LAN/WAN Device Profile (Sheet 2 of 2) Parameter Value Executes control DIRECT OPERATE-NO Always Executes control count greater than 1 Never Executes control Pulse On Always Executes control Pulse Off...
Page 367 DNP3 Communications R.6.43 DNP LAN/WAN Documentation Table 6.24 SEL-421 DNP3 Object List (Sheet 2 of 6) Request Response Obj. Var. Description Funct. Qual. Funct. Qual. Codes Codes Codes Codes Control Block—All Variations Control Relay Output 3, 4, 5, 6 17, 28...
Page 368 R.6.44 DNP3 Communications DNP LAN/WAN Documentation Table 6.24 SEL-421 DNP3 Object List (Sheet 3 of 6) Request Response Obj. Var. Description Funct. Qual. Funct. Qual. Codes Codes Codes Codes Counter Change Event— 6, 7, 8 All Variations 32-Bit Counter Change...
Page 369 DNP3 Communications R.6.45 DNP LAN/WAN Documentation Table 6.24 SEL-421 DNP3 Object List (Sheet 4 of 6) Request Response Obj. Var. Description Funct. Qual. Funct. Qual. Codes Codes Codes Codes 16-Bit Analog Input 0, 1, 6, 7, 0, 1, Without Flag...
Page 370 R.6.46 DNP3 Communications DNP LAN/WAN Documentation Table 6.24 SEL-421 DNP3 Object List (Sheet 5 of 6) Request Response Obj. Var. Description Funct. Qual. Funct. Qual. Codes Codes Codes Codes Analog Input Reporting 1, 6, 7, 8, 1, 17, 28 Dead-Band Setting—...
Page 371 DNP3 Communications R.6.47 DNP LAN/WAN Documentation Table 6.24 SEL-421 DNP3 Object List (Sheet 6 of 6) Request Response Obj. Var. Description Funct. Qual. Funct. Qual. Codes Codes Codes Codes Unsynchronized Time and Date CTO quan- ity=1 Time Delay—All Variations Time Delay, Coarse...
Page 372 Binary outputs (paired and non-paired) are available to the DNP LAN/WAN interface. Pulse operations provide a pulse duration of at least one protection- processing interval. Table 6.25 SEL-421 DNP LAN/WAN Object 12 Control Point Operation (Sheet 1 of 2) Trip / Close Pairs Code Selection Operation...
Page 373 IEDs by only polling and receiving data that has changed. The RTU, which will act as the DNP3 master to the SEL-421 slave, has an IP address of 192.9.0.1 and a DNP3 address of 12. The SEL-421 should be assigned a DNP3 address of 101.
Page 374 Binary Output Circuit Breaker 1 trip/close ® Settings Use the QuickSet SEL-5030 software to enter the DNP3 ERATOR protocol settings and new data map into the relay. Table 6.27 DNP LAN/WAN Application Example Protocol Settings (Sheet 1 of 2) Setting Name...
Page 375 Figure 6.4 Add Binary Inputs to SER Point List Pass the Binary Input states and timestamps to the DNP master by mapping the SER points from the STATE region, as demonstrated in Table 6.28. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 376 , scale by 100 and Database Address report 2 degree change events AIM0010 1:METER:VC (Meter 10000 Custom map position for VC magnitude, scale by 10 and Region VC) Database Address report 1 kv change events SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 377 100, with a dead band of 2 (Meter Region  Database Address volts VDC1) Uses default scaling and dead band Table 6.31 DNP LAN/WAN Application Example Analog Output Map Setting Name Setting Description AOM0000 Database Address Active Settings Group Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
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Page 379 The availability of an accurate time reference over a large geographic area allows multiple devices, such as a number of SEL-421 relays, to synchronize the gathering of power system data. The accurate clock allows precise event report triggering and other off-line analysis functions, which are described in Section 4: Time-Synchronized Measurements in the Applications Handbook.
Page 380 The value of synchrophasor data increases greatly when the data is shared over a communications network in real time. Two synchrophasor protocols are available in the SEL-421 that allow for a centralized device to collect data efficiently from several phasor measurement units (PMUs). Some possible uses of a system-wide synchrophasor system include the following: ➤...
Page 381 14 and 15 build a timer that operates after two successive messages in excess of the threshold. On line 15, the value PSV05 tracks the last result of the angle difference check. The final result, PSV04, asserts when the SEL-421 receives two successive synchrophasor messages with angle difference exceeding 6 degrees. Protection 1...
Page 382 Set the remote relay Global settings according to Figure 7.4. Set the number of digitals (NUMDSW) to one. In this case, the SEL-421 sends SEL OGIC values PSV49 through PSV64 in the C37.118 data packet. This is how the remote TSOK AND PMDOK qualification maps to the local RTCAD16 Relay Word bit.
Page 383 Communications Settings SPEED := 57600 STOPBIT := 1 RTSCTS := N SEL Protocol Settings FASTOP := N PMUMODE := SERVER Figure 7.6 Remote Relay Port Settings Set the port settings for the port that receives the synchrophasor data on the...
Page 384 Figure 7.8 Example COM RTC Command Response Synchrophasor Measurement The phasor measurement unit in the SEL-421 measures three voltages and six currents on a constant-time basis. These samples are synchronized to the high- accuracy IRIG time source, and occur at a fixed frequency of either 60 Hz or 50 Hz, depending on Global setting NFREQ.
Page 385 Group settings PTRY or PTRZ (for the presently selected line voltage source, VY or VZ, respectively), CTRW, and CTRX (for the IW and IX current sources). The SEL-421 then creates the summation quantities IS = IW + IX phase currents, and calculates the positive-sequence voltage V1LPM_ and currents I1WPM_, I1XPM_, and I1SPM_.
Page 386 VALPMI. An example phasor with an angle measurement of 104.400° is shown in Figure 7.11. Table 7.13 lists all of the synchrophasor analog quantities available in the SEL-421. Imaginary VALPMI = 129.926 kV VALPMM = 134.140 kV VALPMR = –33.359 kV VALPMA = 104.400˚...
Page 387 It is possible to set EPMU := Y without using any serial ports for synchrophasor protocols. For example, the serial port MET PM ASCII command can still be used. The Global settings for the SEL Fast Message synchrophasor protocol are a subset of the Table 7.1...
Page 388 R.7.10 Synchrophasors Settings for Synchrophasors Table 7.1 PMU Settings in the SEL-421 for C37.118 Protocol in Global Setting Setting Description Default EPMU Enable Synchronized Phasor Measurement (Y, N) MFRMT Message Format (C37.118, FM) C37.118 MRATE Messages per Second {1, 2, 5, 10, 25, or 50 when NFREQ := 50}...
Page 389 QuickSet ERATOR SEL-5030 software connected to a serial port, and then set that same serial port PROTO setting to PMU, you will lose the ability to communicate with the relay through ASCII commands or virtual file interface commands. If this...
Page 390 MFRMT Selects the message format for synchrophasor data streaming on serial ports. SEL recommends the use of MFRMT := C37.118 for any new PMU applications because of increased setting flexibility and the expected availability of software for synchrophasor processors. The SEL-421 still includes the MFRMT := FM setting choice to maintain compatibility in any systems presently using SEL Fast Message synchrophasors.
Page 391 Use PHCOMP := N if you are concentrating the SEL-421 synchrophasor data with other PMU data that do not employ frequency compensation. PMSTN and PMID Defines the name and number of the PMU.
Page 392 Synchrophasors are included in the order shown (i.e. Voltages, if selected, will always precede currents). Polar coordinate values are sent when PHFMT := P. Rectangular (real and imaginary) values are sent when PHFMT := R. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 393 The choices for this setting depend on synchrophasor processor requirements. Setting FNR := I sends the frequency data as a difference from nominal frequency, NFREQ, with the following formula: (FREQ – NFREQ) • 1000, measured represented as a signed, two-byte value. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 394 Setting NUMDSW := 0 sends no user-definable binary status words. Setting NUMDSW := 1 or 2 sends the user-definable binary status words, as listed in Table 7.7. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 395 Global OGIC settings class. The SEL-421 evaluates these equations and places the results in Relay Word bits with the same names: TREA1–TREA4, and PMTRIG. The trigger reason equations represent the Trigger Reason bits in the STAT...
Page 396 MRTCDLY Selects the acceptable delay for received synchrophasor messages. When the SEL-421 is operating as a synchrophasor client (PMUMODE set to NOTE: The maximum channel delay CLIENTA or CLIENTB), it only accepts incoming messages that are not older is available in the COM RTC command.
Page 397 R.7.19 Synchrophasor Relay Word Bits Synchrophasor Relay Word Bits Table 7.9 Table 7.10 list the SEL-421 Relay Word bits that are related to synchrophasor measurement. The Synchrophasor Trigger Relay Word bits in Table 7.9 follow the state of the SEL...
Page 398 It is important to note that the synchrophasors are only valid when the relay is in HIRIG timekeeping mode, which can be verified by monitoring the TSOK Relay Word bit. When TSOK = logical 1, the SEL-421 timekeeping is synchronized to the high-accuracy IRIG-B signal, and the synchrophasor data is precisely time-stamped.
Page 399 (I_W + I_X terminals) VALPMM, VBLPMM, Synchrophasor voltage magnitude VCLPMM VALPMA, VBLPMA, Synchrophasor voltage angle degrees VCLPMA VALPMR, VBLPMR, Synchrophasor voltage, real component VCLPMR VALPMI, VBLPMI, Synchrophasor voltage, imaginary VCLPMI component Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 400 Measured value if the voltages are valid and EMPU = Y, otherwise FREQ_PM = nominal frequency setting NFREQ, and DFDT is zero. Primary value of measurement. When using the SEL-421 for synchrophasor acquisition, the delayed and aligned analog quantities listed in Table 7.14 are available.
Page 401 (I_W + I_X terminal) VALPMMD, VBLPMMD, Aligned local voltage magnitude VCLPMMD VALPMAD, VBLPMAD, Aligned local voltage angle degrees VCLPMAD VALPMRD, VBLPMRD, Aligned local voltage real component VCLPMRD VALPMID, VBLPMID, Aligned local voltage imaginary component VCLPMID Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 402 7.13. ERATOR The MET PM time command can be used to direct the SEL-421 to display the synchrophasor for an exact specified time, in 24-hour format. For example, entering the command MET PM 14:14:12 will result in a response similar to Figure 7.13...
Page 403 Figure 7.13 Sample MET PM Command Response C37.118 Synchrophasor Protocol The SEL-421 complies with IEEE C37.118, Standard for Synchrophasors for Power Systems, when Global setting MFRMT := C37.118. The protocol is available on serial ports 1, 2, 3, and F by setting the corresponding Port setting PROTO := PMU.
Page 404 Global setting NUMANA, and 0, 16, or 32 digital status values, as controlled by Global setting NUMDSW. The SEL-421 always includes the results of four synchrophasor trigger reason equations TREA1, TREA2, TREA3, and TREA4, and the trigger OGIC equation result PMTRIG, in the synchrophasor message.
Page 405 SPEED := 38400, and up to MRATE := 12 when SPEED := 19200. Protocol Operation The SEL-421 will only transmit synchrophasor messages over serial ports that have setting PROTO := PMU. The connected device will typically be a synchrophasor processor, such as the SEL-3306. The synchrophasor processor controls the PMU functions of the SEL-421, with IEEE C37.118 commands,...
Page 406 No relay control from the PMU communications port, for the initial stage of the project The utility is able to meet the grid operator requirements with the SEL-421, an SEL-2600A RTD Module, an SEL-2407 Satellite Synchronized Clock, and an SEL-3306 Synchrophasor Processor in each substation.
Page 407 Protection Math Variables PMV64 and PMV63 will be used to transmit the RTD01 ambient temperature data and the station battery voltage DC1, respectively. The Protection SEL Variables PSV64, PSV63, and PSV62 will be used to OGIC transmit the breaker status, loss-of-potential alarm, and frequency measurement status, respectively.
Page 408 Trigger (SEL Equation) OGIC The two analog quantities and three Relay Word bits required in this example must be placed in certain protection math variables and protection SEL OGIC variables. Make the Protection Free-Form logic settings in Table 7.18 in all six settings groups.
Page 409 SEL Fast Message Unsolicited Write (synchrophasor) messages are general Fast Messages (A546h) that transport measured synchrophasor information. The SEL-421 can send unsolicited write messages as fast as every 50 ms on a 60 Hz system, and 100 ms on a 50 Hz system. Use Global settings PHDATAV, PHDATAI, and PHCURR to select the voltage and current data to include in the Fast Message.
Page 410 Synchrophasors SEL Fast Message Synchrophasor Protocol On a 60 Hz nominal power system (NFREQ := 60), SEL-421 firmware version R112 and above can support the same message periods (1000, 500, 250, 200, 100, and 50 ms) as those supported by prior firmware versions.
Page 411 R.7.33 SEL Fast Message Synchrophasor Protocol Descriptions of Fast Message Synchrophasor Settings The SEL Fast Message synchrophasor settings are a subset of the C37.118 settings. See Descriptions of Synchrophasor Settings on page R.7.12 details on settings PMAPP, PHCOMP, VCOMP, IWCOMP, and IXCOMP. For the remaining settings, the differences are explained in the following pages.
Page 412 LINEI := COMB PHCURR := COMB Starting in SEL-421 firmware version R112, if the SEL-421 ALINEI feature is used to select an alternate line current source, the synchrophasor current measurement data source will not switch over to the new source.
Page 413 In the SEL Fast Message synchrophasor protocol, the master device determines the message period (the time between successive synchrophasor message time-stamps) in the enable request. If the SEL-421 can support the requested message period on that serial port, the relay acknowledges the request (if an acknowledge was requested) and commences synchrophasor data transmission.
Page 414 A serial port set with SPEED := 300 cannot be used for Fast Message synchrophasors. Protocol Operation The SEL-421 will only transmit synchrophasor messages over serial ports that have setting PROTO := PMU. The connected device will typically be a synchrophasor processor, such as the SEL-3306. The synchrophasor processor...
Page 415 PMU without the need for a separate communications interface. If port setting FASTOP:= Y on a serial port set to PROTO := PMU, the SEL-421 will provide Fast Operate support. The host device can request a Fast Operate Configuration Block when the relay is in the nontransmitting mode,...
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Page 417 The SEL-421 Relay supports the following features using Ethernet and IEC 61850: ➤ SCADA—Connect up to six simultaneous Ethernet client sessions. The SEL-421 also supports up to six buffered and six unbuffered report control blocks. ➤ Real-Time Status and Control—Use GOOSE with as many as 24 incoming (receive) and 8 outgoing (transmit) messages.
Page 418 The IEC 61850 document set, available directly from the IEC at http://www.iec.ch, contains information necessary for successful implementation of this protocol. SEL strongly recommends that anyone involved with the design, installation, configuration, or maintenance of IEC 61850 systems be familiar with the appropriate sections of this standard.
Page 419 Ethernet Networking IEC 61850 and Ethernet networking model options are available when ordering a new SEL-421 and may also be available as field upgrades to relays equipped with the Ethernet card. In addition to IEC 61850, the Ethernet card provides support protocols and data exchange, including FTP and Telnet, to SEL devices.
Page 420 Device data is mapped to IEC 61850 Logical Nodes (LN) according to rules defined by SEL. Refer to IEC 61850-5:2003(E) and IEC 61850-7-4:2003(E) for the mandatory content and usage of these LNs. The SEL-421 logical nodes are grouped under Logical Devices for organization based on function. See Table 8.3...
Page 421 This information can be useful when searching through device data with MMS browsers. If you intend to use any SEL-421 CCIN bits OGIC ® for controls, you must create SEL equations to define these operations.
Page 422 R.8.6 IEC 61850 Communications IEC 61850 Operation Figure 8.1 SEL-421 Predefined Reports There are twelve report control blocks (six buffered and unbuffered reports). For each report control block, there can be just one client association, i.e., only one client can be associated to a report control block (BRCB or URCB) at any given time.
Page 423 URCB at a time resulting in multiple client associations for that URCB. Once enabled, each client has independent access to a copy of that URCB. The Resv attribute is writable, however, the SEL-421 does not support reservations. Writing any field of the URCB causes the client to obtain their own copy of the URCB-in essence, acquiring a reservation.
Page 424 Examine the data structure and values of the supported IEC 61850 LNs with an MMS browser such as MMS Object Explorer and AX-S4 MMS from Software Sisco, Inc. The settings needed to browse an SEL-421 with an MMS browser are shown below. OSI-PSEL (Presentation Selector) 00000001...
Page 425 (e.g., an internal self-test failure), the SEL-421 will set the Validity attribute to invalid and the Failure attribute to TRUE. Note that the SEL-421 does not set any of the other quality attributes. These attributes will always indicate FALSE (0). See the...
Page 426 GOOSE through a power cycle and device reset. Incoming GOOSE messages are processed in accordance with the following constraints: ➤ The user can configure the SEL-421 to subscribe to as many as 24 incoming GOOSE messages. ➤ Control bits in the SEL-421 get data from incoming GOOSE messages which are mapped to CCINn bits.
Page 427 Processing on page R.8.10), transmission of GOOSE begins within 2 ms of transition of data within the SEL-421. For all other data contained in outgoing GOOSE, transmission of GOOSE begins within 500 ms of transition of data within the SEL-421. Appropriate control commands are issued to the SEL-421 within 2 ms of a GOOSE reception.
Page 428 IEDs in the domain. Architect has the ERATOR capability to read other manufacturers’ ICD and CID files, enabling the engineer to map the data seamlessly into SEL IED logic. See the Architect online help for more information. ERATOR SEL ICD File Versions Architect version 1.1.69.0 and higher supports multiple ICD...
Page 429 ERATOR with Ethernet card firmware R113 or higher. Do not attempt to download the version 003 file supplied for the SEL-421-4/-5 in the default IED Palette to an SEL-421-2 or SEL-421-3. Architect will only prompt you to perform this conversion...
Page 430 Level 4 negative-sequence directional overcurrent element S1PTOC13 S1PTOC13 S1PTOC13 Inverse-Time Overcurrent Element 1 pickup S2PTOC14 S2PTOC14 S2PTOC14 Inverse-Time Overcurrent Element 2 pickup S3PTOC15 S3PTOC15 S3PTOC15 Inverse-Time Overcurrent Element 3 pickup POTTPSCH1 POTTPSCH1 POTTPSCH1 POTT Scheme SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 431 ALTGGIO5 Automation Latches AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 Automation SEL Control Equation Math Variables OGIC TLEDGGIO7 TLEDGGIO7 TLEDGGIO7 Front panel target LEDs PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 Pushbutton LEDs RMBAGGIO9 RMBAGGIO9 RMBAGGIO9 Channel A Receive M IRRORED Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 432 Table 8.11 show the logical nodes (LNs) supported in the SEL-421 and the Relay Word bits or Measured Values mapped to those LNs. Any differences between ICD file versions are also indicated in the tables. Table 8.8 shows the LNs associated with protection elements, defined as Logical Device PRO.
Page 433 G4PTOC11 Str.general 67G4 G4PTOC11 G4PTOC11 Str.dirGeneral If DIR4=F: forward (1); If DIR4=R: reverse (2) G4PTOC11 G4PTOC11 Op.general 67G4T Q4PTOC12 Q4PTOC12 Str.general 67Q4 Q4PTOC12 Q4PTOC12 Str.dirGeneral If DIR4=F: forward (1); If DIR4=R: reverse (2) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 434 F32P R32PRDIR6 R32PRDIR6 Dir.general R32P BFR1RBRF1 BFR1RBRF1 Str.general BFI3P1 BFR1RBRF1 BFR1RBRF1 OpIn.general FBF1 BFR2RBRF2 BFR2RBRF2 Str.general BFI3P2 BFR2RBRF2 BFR2RBRF2 OpIn.general FBF2 BK1XCBR1 BK1XCBR1 Opcnt.stVal NOPA1 BK1XCBR1 BK1XCBR1 Pos.stVal 52ACL1 BK2XCBR2 BK2XCBR2 Opcnt.stVal NOPA2 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 435 89CL4 SW2CSWI7 SW2CSWI7 OpOpn.general 89OPN4 SW2CSWI7 SW2CSWI7 OpCls.general 89CLS4 SW2CSWI8 SW2CSWI8 Loc.stVal LOCAL SW2CSWI8 SW2CSWI8 Pos.stVal 89CL5 SW2CSWI8 SW2CSWI8 OpOpn.general 89OPN5 SW2CSWI8 SW2CSWI8 OpCls.general 89CLS5 Active data only if additional I/O Card(s) installed. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 436 I2_1, Line negative-sequence current mag- nitude SEQMSQI1 SeqA.c2.cVal.ang I2_1, Line negative-sequence current angle SEQMSQI1 SeqA.c3.cVal.mag I0_1, Line zero-sequence current magni- tude SEQMSQI1 SeqA.c3.cVal.ang I0_1, Line zero-sequence current angle SEQMSQI1 SeqV.c1.cVal.mag V1, Positive-sequence voltage magnitude SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 437 RBGGIO1 SPCSO20 RB20 RBGGIO1 SPCSO21 RB21 RBGGIO1 SPCSO22 RB22 RBGGIO1 SPCSO23 RB23 RBGGIO1 SPCSO24 RB24 RBGGIO1 SPCSO25 RB25 RBGGIO1 SPCSO26 RB26 RBGGIO1 SPCSO27 RB27 RBGGIO1 SPCSO28 RB28 RBGGIO1 SPCSO29 RB29 RBGGIO1 SPCSO30 RB30 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 438 PLTGGIO2 Ind12.stVal PLT12 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 Ind13.stVal PLT13 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 Ind14.stVal PLT14 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 Ind15.stVal PLT15 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 Ind16.stVal PLT16 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 Ind17.stVal PLT17 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 PLTGGIO2 Ind18.stVal PLT18 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 439 ASVGGIO4 Ind006.stVal ASV006 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 Ind007.stVal ASV007 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 Ind008.stVal ASV008 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 Ind009.stVal ASV009 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 Ind010.stVal ASV010 … … … … … ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 ASVGGIO4 Ind127.stVal ASV127 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 440 ALTGGIO5 Ind32.stVal ALT32 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AnIn01.mag AMV01 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AnIn02.mag AMV02 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AnIn03.mag AMV03 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AnIn04.mag AMV04 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AnIn05.mag AMV05 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AMVGGIO6 AnIn06.mag AMV06 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 441 Pushbutton LED “PB2_LED” PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 Ind03.stVal PB3_LED Pushbutton LED “PB3_LED” PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 Ind04.stVal PB4_LED Pushbutton LED “PB4_LED” PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 Ind05.stVal PB5_LED Pushbutton LED “PB5_LED” PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 PBLEDGGIO8 Ind06.stVal PB6_LED Pushbutton LED “PB6_LED” Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 442 TMBAGGIO12 Ind03.stVal TMB3B TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 Ind04.stVal TMB4B TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 Ind05.stVal TMB5B TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 Ind06.stVal TMB6B TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 Ind07.stVal TMB7B TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 TMBAGGIO12 Ind08.stVal TMB8B MBOKGGIO13 MBOKGGIO13 MBOKGGIO13 Ind01.stVal ROKA SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 443 Ind19.stVal IN219 I/O Board 2 input, point 19 value INPUT2GGIO15 IN2GGIO15 IN2GGIO15 Ind20.stVal IN220 I/O Board 2 input, point 20 value INPUT2GGIO15 IN2GGIO15 IN2GGIO15 Ind21.stVal IN221 I/O Board 2 input, point 21 value Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 444 Ind02.stVal OUT202 I/O Board 2 output, point 2 value OUTPUT2GGIO18 OUT2GGIO18 OUT2GGIO18 Ind03.stVal OUT203 I/O Board 2 output, point 3 value OUTPUT2GGIO18 OUT2GGIO18 OUT2GGIO18 Ind04.stVal OUT204 I/O Board 2 output, point 4 value SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 445 CCINGGIO20 Ind005.stVal CCIN005 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 Ind006.stVal CCIN006 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 Ind007.stVal CCIN007 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 Ind008.stVal CCIN008 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 Ind009.stVal CCIN009 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 CCINGGIO20 Ind010.stVal CCIN010 … … … … … Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 446 CCOUTGGIO21 Ind29.stVal CCOUT029 CCOUTGGIO21 CCOUTGGIO21 CCOUTGGIO21 Ind30.stVal CCOUT030 CCOUTGGIO21 CCOUTGGIO21 CCOUTGGIO21 Ind31.stVal CCOUT031 CCOUTGGIO21 CCOUTGGIO21 CCOUTGGIO21 Ind32.stVal CCOUT032 Active data only if enhanced front-panel installed. Active data only if additional I/O card(s) installed. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 447 IEC 61850 protocol services. Table 8.14 defines the service support requirement and restrictions of the MMS services in the SEL-400 series devices. Generally, only those services whose implementation is not mandatory are shown. Refer to the IEC 61850 standard Part 8-1 for more information.
Page 448 R.8.32 IEC 61850 Communications Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement: SEL-400 Series Devices Table 8.14 MMS Service Supported Conformance (Sheet 2 of 3) Client-CR Server-CR MMS Service Supported CBB Supported Supported getScatteredAccessAttributes deleteVariableAccess defineNamedVariableList getNamedVariableListAttributes deleteNamedVariableList defineNamedType getNamedTypeAttributes deleteNamedType input output takeControl...
Page 449 IEC 61850 Communications R.8.33 Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement: SEL-400 Series Devices Table 8.14 MMS Service Supported Conformance (Sheet 3 of 3) Client-CR Server-CR MMS Service Supported CBB Supported Supported reportEventConditionStatus alterEventConditionMonitoring triggerEvent defineEventAction deleteEventAction alterEventEnrollment reportEventEnrollmentStatus getEventEnrollmentAttributes acknowledgeEventNotification getAlarmSummary getAlarmEnrollmentSummary...
Page 450 R.8.34 IEC 61850 Communications Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement: SEL-400 Series Devices Table 8.15 lists specific settings for the MMS parameter Conformance Building Block (CBB). Table 8.15 MMS Parameter CBB Client-CR Server-CR MMS Parameter CBB Supported Supported STR1 STR2 VNAM VADR...
Page 451 IEC 61850 Communications R.8.35 Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement: SEL-400 Series Devices Table 8.18 VariableSpecification Conformance Statement Client-CR Server-CR VariableSpecification Supported Supported name address variableDescription scatteredAccessDescription invalidated Table 8.19 Read Conformance Statement Client-CR Server-CR Read Supported Supported Request specificationWithResult variableAccessSpecification Response...
Page 452 R.8.36 IEC 61850 Communications Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement: SEL-400 Series Devices Table 8.22 GetNamedVariableListAttributes Conformance Statement Client-CR Server-CR GetNamedVariableListAttributes Supported Supported Request ObjectName Response mmsDeletable listOfVariable variableSpecification alternateAccess Table 8.23 DeleteNamedVariableList Conformance Statement Client-CR Server-CR DeleteNamedVariableList Supported Supported Request Scope...
Page 453 IEC 61850 Communications R.8.37 ACSI Conformance Statements ACSI Conformance Statements Table 8.25 ACSI Basic Conformance Statement Services Client/Subscriber Server/Publisher SEL-421 Support Client-Server Roles Server side (of Two-Party – Application-Association) Client side (of Two-Party – Application-Association) SCMS Supported SCSM: IEC 61850-8-1 used...
Page 454 R.8.38 IEC 61850 Communications ACSI Conformance Statements Table 8.26 ACSI Models Conformance Statement (Sheet 2 of 2) Models Client/Subscriber Server/Publisher SEL-421 Support Unbuffered report control M8-1 sequence-number M8-2 report-time-stamp M8-3 reason-for-inclusion M8-4 data-set-name M8-5 data-reference M8-6 BufTm M8-7 IntgPd M8-8...
Page 455 IEC 61850 Communications R.8.39 ACSI Conformance Statements Table 8.27 ACSI Services Conformance Statement (Sheet 2 of 4) Client/ Services Server/Publisher SEL-421 Support TP/MC Subscriber Logical Node (Clause 9) LogicalNodeDirectory GetAllDataValues Data (Clause 10) GetDataValues SetDataValues GetDataDirectory GetDataDefinition Dataset (Clause 11)
Page 456 R.8.40 IEC 61850 Communications ACSI Conformance Statements Table 8.27 ACSI Services Conformance Statement (Sheet 3 of 4) Client/ Services Server/Publisher SEL-421 Support TP/MC Subscriber Logging (Clause 14) Log Control Block GetLCBValues SetLCBValues QueryLogByTime QueryLogByEntry GetLogStatusValues Generic Substation Event Model (GSE) (Clause 14.3.5.3.4.)
Page 457 IEC 61850 Communications R.8.41 ACSI Conformance Statements Table 8.27 ACSI Services Conformance Statement (Sheet 4 of 4) Client/ Services Server/Publisher SEL-421 Support TP/MC Subscriber File Transfer (Clause 20) GetFile SetFile DeleteFile GetFileAttributeValues Time (Clause 5.5) Time resolution of internal 2–10 (1 ms)
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Page 459 Protocols. Tables in this section show the access level(s) where the command or command option is active. Access levels in the SEL-421 are Access Level 0, Access Level 1, Access Level B (breaker), Access Level P (protection), Access Level A (automation), Access Level O (output), and Access Level 2.
Page 460 1, B, P, A, O, 2 BNAME The BNA command produces ASCII names of all relay status bits for Fast Meter Compressed ASCII. See Section 5: SEL Communications Protocols more information on Fast Meter and the Compressed ASCII command set. Table 9.5 BNA Command Command...
Page 461 Parameter n = 1 or 2, representing Circuit Breaker 1 or Circuit Breaker 2. BRE n P Use the BRE n P command to preload existing circuit breaker contact wear, operation counts, and accumulated currents to the circuit breaker monitor. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 462 Access Levels on page U.4.6 for more information. Only go to Level C to modify the default password or under the direction of an SEL employee. The additional commands available at Level C are not intended for normal operational purposes.
Page 463 CEVENT The CEVENT command provides a Compressed ASCII response similar to the EVENT command. See Section 5: SEL Communications Protocols information on the Compressed ASCII command set. For detailed examples of the items in the Compressed ASCII event report, see...
Page 464 ASCII format. Parameter n indicates event order or serial number; see CEV on page R.9.5. CEV NEXT CEV NEXT returns the oldest unacknowledged event report on the present communications port in Compressed ASCII format. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 465 Return a particular n event report at full length 1, B, P, A, O, 2 with -samples/cycle data in Compressed ASCII format. Parameter n indicates event order or serial number; see CEV on page R.9.5. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 466 The CHISTORY command is the HISTORY command for the Compressed ASCII command set. See Section 5: SEL Communications Protocols information on the Compressed ASCII command set. For a detailed example of the items in the Compressed ASCII history report, see...
Page 467 The CLOSE 1 and CLOSE 2 commands assert Relay Word bits CC1 and CC2, respectively. Relay Word bit CC1 is a variable in the factory default manual close SEL equation BK1MCL Circuit Breaker 1. Typically, you program Relay Word bit CC2 in the manual close SEL...
Page 468 A or B. COM c C and COM c R The COM c C and COM c R commands clear/reset the communications buffer data for the specified channel c. Options C and R are identical. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 469 Parameter k indicates a specific number of communications buffer records. Parameters m and n are communications buffer row numbers. Enter date1 and date2 in the same format as Global setting DATE_F. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 470 (The relay checks only the first character; you can type Set and Clear.) When you issue a valid CON command, the relay performs the control action immediately and displays Remote Bit Operated SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 471 Class class. Parameters m and n are 1 to 6 for the Group class and 1, 2, 3, and F for the Port class. Parameter class is S, P, and L for group settings, port settings, and protection SEL OGIC control equations, respectively.
Page 472 If m is greater than n, then records appear with the oldest (highest number) at the begin- ning of the list and the most recent (lowest number) at the end of the list. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 473 Compressed ASCII command set. You can combine the n, ACK, MB, and TERSE options. See SEL Compressed ASCII Commands on page R.5.4 information on the Compressed ASCII command set. For a detailed example of the items in the Compressed ASCII summary report, see Figure 3.15 on...
Page 474 Compressed ASCII format. Parameter n indicates event number or serial order. You can apply the TERSE option with any of the CSU commands except CSU ACK and CSU MB. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 475 P, A, O, 2 D); begin at the first DNP3 setting. EVENT Use the EVENT command to view the SEL-421 filtered event reports (see Event Report on page A.3.12 for information on event reports). The EVE command displays the full-length event reports stored in relay memory.
Page 476 Use EVE C to return a 15-cycle length event report with both analog and digital data. You cannot mix the A and D options with the EVE C command. The Lyyy option overrides the C option (see EVE Lyyy). SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 477 EVE n Lyyy Return yyy cycles of a particular n event report 1, B, P, A, O, 2 with 4-samples/cycle data. Parameter n indicates event order or serial number; see EVE on page R.9.17. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 478 1, B, P, A, O, 2 with x-samples/cycle data. Parameter n indicates event order or serial number (see EVE on page R.9.17); x is 4 or 8 to represent data at 4 samples/cycle or 8 samples/cycle, respectively. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 479 COMTRADE format from the relay. For examples of retrieving data captures from the relay, see Reading Oscillograms, Event Reports, and SER on page U.4.42. For more information on the FILE command, see Virtual File Interface on page R.5.11. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 480 The FILE command allows access to second level subdirectories as the optional directory2 parameter. File directories in the SEL-421 are the EVENTS directory, the REPORTS directory, and the SETTINGS directory. For FILE READ operations, specify the directory1 (and directory2) parameters as needed. The FILE WRITE command is available only for the SETTINGS directory and its second level subdirectories.
Page 481 HIS CA and HIS RA The HIS CA and HIS RA commands clear all history data and event reports from memory. Use these commands to completely delete high-resolution/ event report data captures. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 482 SPECIAL: the Special Configuration Designators—a mechanism for anticipating future product enhancements A sample ID command response is shown in Figure 9.1. "FID=SEL-421-R108-V0-Z002003-D20021216","089E" "BFID=SLBT-4xx-R100-V0-Z001001-D20010703","0972" "CID=8C88","0268" "DEVID=Relay 1","0467" "DEVCODE=39","0313" "PARTNO=042104154225XHX","05D7" "CONFIG=110022","0389" “SPECIAL=”,”02AE” Figure 9.1 Sample ID Command Response SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 483 1, B, P, A, O, 2 time code input. The IRIG command was originally provided in the SEL-421 as a testing aid. The IRIG command was used to update the relay internal clock with the IRIG-B time value without waiting for the 30-second confirmation time delay.
Page 484 The relay continues passing analog quantities. LOOP DATA The LOOP DATA command tells the relay to pass input M IRRORED communications data through to the receive (RMB) bits, as in the nonloopback mode. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 485 (Reset channel c to normal use.) Use the MAP command to view the organization of the relay database. The MAP command in the SEL-421 is very similar to the MAP command in the SEL-2020 and SEL-2030 Communications Processors. See...
Page 486 For more information on power system measurements, see Section 2: Monitoring and Metering in the Applications Handbook. For information on math variables, see Section 3: SEL Control Equation Programming. Find OGIC a discussion of synchronism check in Section 2: Auto-Reclosing and Synchronism Check.
Page 487 1, B, P, A, O, 2 MET BAT k Display station battery measurements succes- 1, B, P, A, O, 2 sively for k times. MET RBM Reset station battery measurements. P, A, O, 2 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 488 When you issue the MET RE command, the relay responds, If you answer Y <Enter>, the Reset Energy Metering (Y/N)? relay responds, Energy Metering Reset MET M Use the MET M command to view power system maximum and minimum quantities. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 489 If the relay is not in HIRIG mode at that time, it will display the following message: Aborted: A High Accuracy Time Source is Required Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 490 MET BKn RMS k Display Circuit Breaker n rms metering data 1, B, P, A, O, 2 successively for k times. Parameter n is 1 or 2 to indicate Circuit Breaker 1 or Circuit Breaker 2. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 491 If there is a communications failure between the relay and the SEL-2600A, as indicated by the RTDCOMF Relay Word bit, the relay displays the following: Communication Failure If the RTDFL Relay Word bit is set to indicate a SEL-2600A failure, the relay displays the following: SEL-2600 Failure...
Page 492 The OGIC factory default manual trip SEL control equation, BK1MTR, includes OGIC OC1. Typically, you program Relay Word bit OC2 in the manual trip SEL OGIC control equation BK2MTR. See Trip Logic on page R.1.105 for information on trip SEL control equations.
Page 493 Parameter level represents the relay access Levels 1, B, P, A, O, or 2. When you successfully disable password checking, the relay pulses the SALARM Relay Word bit for one second, and responds, Password Disabled SEL does not recommend disabling passwords (see Changing the Default Passwords on page U.4.6).
Page 494 PORT p The PORT p command connects a relay serial or ethernet port to another device through a virtual terminal session. In the SEL-421, serial port virtual terminal capability is available in communications. You must have previously configured the IRRORED...
Page 495 This report will list the analog quantity and Relay Word bits the data gets stored in locally, matched up with a label provided by the sending PMU. Use this information as aid to understanding the local values. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 496 Description Access Level SER C Clear/reset SER records on the present port. 1, B, P, A, O, 2 SER R Clear/reset SER records on the present port. 1, B, P, A, O, 2 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 497 SER records. If you issue the SER D command and you have not enabled automatic removal of chattering SER elements (Report setting ESERDEL), the relay responds, Automatic removal of chattering SER elements not enabled Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 498 ASCII Command Reference Description of Commands Use the SET command to change relay settings. The SEL-421 settings structure is ordered and contains these items (in structure order): classes, instances, categories, and settings. An outline of the relay settings structure is...
Page 499 A, 2 OGIC relay settings in Block n. Parameter n = 1–10 for Block 1 through Block 10. The relay presents text-edit mode entry format for the free-form SEL OGIC control equations you program in the Automation SEL control equations OGIC settings area.
Page 500 P, 2 OGIC Instance n, which is Group n. Parameter n is 1–6 for Protection Groups 1 through 6. The relay presents text-edit mode entry format for the free-form SEL OGIC control equations you program in the Protection SEL control equation OGIC settings area.
Page 501 Use the SET P command to configure the relay communications ports; each port is a settings instance. The SEL-421 communications ports include serial ports at PORT F, PORT 1, PORT 2, and PORT 3. PORT 5 is the communications card port into which the optional Ethernet card or other communications cards can be installed.
Page 502 SHO n label Show the Group n relay settings, beginning at 1, B, P, A, O, 2 the settings label label. Parameter n = 1–6, representing Group 1 through Group 6. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 503 ASCII Command Reference R.9.45 Description of Commands SHO A Use the SHO A command to show the Automation SEL control OGIC equations. See Section 3: SEL Control Equation Programming for more OGIC information on SEL control equations. OGIC Table 9.114 SHO A Command...
Page 504 SHO G label Show the Global relay settings, beginning at 1, B, P, A, O, 2 the settings label label. SHO L Use the SHO L command to show the Protection SEL control equations. OGIC Section 3: SEL Control Equation Programming...
Page 505 Use the SHO P command to configure the relay communications ports; each port is a settings instance. The SEL-421 communications ports include serial ports at PORT F, PORT 1, PORT 2, and PORT 3. PORT 5 is the communications card port into which the optional Ethernet card or other communications cards can be installed.
Page 506 U.6.38 for information on relay diagnostics. The STA command with no options displays a short-form relay status report. Items in the STA report are the header, failures, warnings, SEL control OGIC equation programming environment errors, and relay operational status. See Checking Relay Status on page U.4.10...
Page 507 1, B, P, A, O, 2 OGIC error information. STA SC and STA SR The STA SC and STA SR commands clear/reset the SEL control OGIC equation operating errors from the status report if the errors are no longer present. In addition, these commands reset the Automation SEL...
Page 508 If you specify the repeat count k at a number greater than 8, the relay displays the repeated target rows on the terminal screen in groups of eight, with the target row elements listed above each grouping. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 509 Enter the TEC (Time-Error Calculation) command to display the present time-error estimate and the status of the time-error control equations, and to modify the time-error correction value. For more information on the time- error calculation, see Time-Error Calculation on page R.1.16. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 510 TEST DB Use the TEST DB command for testing interfaces to a virtual device database. For the SEL-421, the interface is the communications card. The relay contains a database that describes the relay to external devices. When other devices access the relay via the communications card, the relay appears as a virtual device described by the database.
Page 511 Virtual Device 1 (the relay). TEST DNP The TEST DNP command is for testing the serial port DNP3 interface only. For more information on Serial DNP3 and the SEL-421, see Section 6: DNP3 Communications. TEST DNP Values you enter in the DNP map are override values.
Page 512 TEST FM The TEST FM command overrides normal Fast Meter quantities for testing purposes. You can override only “reported” Fast Meter values (per-phase voltages and currents). For more information on Fast Meter and the SEL-421, Section 5: SEL Communications Protocols.
Page 513 Override Removed attempt to remove an FM test value fails, the relay responds, Override Not . When removing all FM test values (for example, TEST FM OFF), the Found relay responds, All Overrides Removed Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 514 Configuring High- Accuracy Timekeeping on page U.4.71 for more information on configuring SEL-421 time functions. TIME The TIME command returns information about the internal relay clock. You can also set the clock if you specify hours and minutes (seconds data are optional).
Page 515 Handbook. See Reading Oscillograms, Event Reports, and SER on page U.4.42 for examples using the TRI command. Use the TRI command to trigger the SEL-421 to record data for high- resolution oscillography and event reports. Table 9.148 TRI Command Command...
Page 516 ➤ Region ➤ Register item ➤ The VIEW command in the SEL-421 is very similar to the VIEW command in SEL Communications Processors. See Section 4: Communications Interfaces for more information on the relay database regions and data types. SEL-421 regions are LOCAL, METER, DEMAND, TARGET, HISTORY, BREAKER, STATUS, and ANALOGS;...
Page 517 0. An example of a relay response for bit commands is , where is the bit label and is the bit value. Other 1:TARGET:ALTI = 0 ALTI examples of bit labels are M1P, 25W1BK2, and ASV256. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 518 VIEW 1 region command and the VIEW 1 addr command with the bit label option bit_label. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 519 Section 10 R.Reference Manual Settings This section contains tables of relay settings for the SEL-421 Relay. NOTE: When using the SET command The relay hides some settings based upon other settings. If you set an enable to configure your SEL-421, enter the...
Page 520 DCB trip scheme ➢ Synchronism check ➢ Reclosing and manual close ➢ Demand metering ➢ Trip logic and ER trigger ➤ Protection Free-Form SEL Control Equations on OGIC page R.10.34 ➤ Automation Free-Form SEL Control Equations on OGIC page R.10.35 ➤...
Page 521 (r). One possible alias for the existing name of OUT101 could be BK1_TR, entered using the following syntax: primitive name, alias name, e.g., OUT101, BK1_TR Figure 10.1 shows the steps using the SET T command. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 522 Table 10.10 Data Reset Control Table 10.11 Frequency Estimation Table 10.12 Time-Error Calculation Table 10.13 Current and Voltage Source Selection Table 10.14 Synchronized Phasor Measurement Table 10.15 Time and Date Measurement Table 10.16 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 523 High Level Warn Pickup (OFF, 15–300 Vdc) DC1HFP High Level Fail Pickup (OFF, 15–300 Vdc) DC1RP Peak to Peak AC Ripple Pickup (1–300 Vac) DC1GF Ground Detection Factor (1.00–2.00) 1.05 Replace 1 with 2 in the setting label. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 524 INT8 I/O interface boards have optoisolated contact inputs. SEL-421-0 IN1XXD Main Board Debounce Time (0.0000–5 cyc) 0.1250 and SEL-421-1 do not support Main Board B I/O, INT2, INT7, and INT8 I/O IN2XXD Int Board #1 Debounce Time (0.0000–5 cyc 0.1250 interface boards.
Page 525 If the interface board has more than eight input contacts, the upper range is 1 cycle. Set to Global setting IN3XXD when EICIS := N. mm is the number of available input contacts on the interface board. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 526 Equation) OGIC RST_BK2 Reset Monitoring Breaker 2 (SEL Equation) OGIC RST_BAT Reset Battery Monitoring (SEL Equation) OGIC RST_79C Reset Recloser Shot Count Accumulators (SEL OGIC Equation) RSTTRGT Target Reset (SEL Equation) OGIC RSTFLOC Reset Fault Locator (SEL Equation) OGIC RSTDNPE...
Page 527 Settings ETPPS and ETIRIG were Label Prompt Default Value removed. See Configuring High- Accuracy Timekeeping on page U.4.71 STALLTE Stall Time-Error Calculation (SEL Equation) OGIC for an explanation. LOADTE Load TECORR Factor (SEL Equation) OGIC Current and Voltage Source Selection on page R.1.2 for more information Table 10.14...
Page 528 Frequency Numerical Representation (I = Integer, F = Floating Point) NUMANA Number of Analog Values (0–8) NUMDSW Number of 16-bit Digital Status Words (0, 1, 2) TREA1 Trigger Reason Bit 1 (SEL Equation) OGIC TREA2 Trigger Reason Bit 2 (SEL Equation) OGIC...
Page 529 Breaker 1 Monitoring (Y, N) EB2MON Breaker 2 Monitoring (Y, N) BK1TYP Breaker 1 Trip Type (Single Pole = 1, Three Pole = 3) BK2TYP Breaker 2 Trip Type (Single Pole = 1, Three Pole = 3) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 530 Replace 1 with 2 in the setting label, prompt, and default value. This setting for three-pole trip applications when setting BK1TYP := 3. This setting for single-pole trip applications when setting BK1TYP := 1. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 531 Table 10.26 Breaker 1 Inactivity Time Elapsed (and Breaker 2 Inactivity Time Elapsed Label Prompt Default Value B1ITAT Inactivity Time Alarm Threshold—BK1 (N, 1–9999 days) Replace 1 with 2 in the setting label and prompt. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 532 Residual Ground Definite-Time Overcurrent Time Delay Table 10.47 Residual Ground Instantaneous Definite-Time Overcurrent Torque Control Table 10.48 Negative-Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent Pickup Table 10.49 Negative-Sequence Definite-Time Overcurrent Time Delay Table 10.50 Negative-Sequence Instantaneous Definite-Time Overcurrent Table 10.51 Torque Control SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 533 Zero-Sequence Line Impedance Magnitude 24.80 124.00 (0.05–255  secondary) 5 A (0.25–1275  secondary) 1 A Z0ANG Zero-Sequence Line Impedance Angle 81.50 81.50 (5.00–90 degrees) EFLOC Fault Location (Y, N) Line Length (0.10–999) 100.00 100.00 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 534 Capacitive Voltage Transformer Transient Detection (Y, N) ESERCMP Series-Compensated Line Logic (Y, N) NOTE: The SEL-421-1 and the SEL-421-2 do not provide ECDTD Distance Element Common Time Delay (Y, N) series-compensated line protection logic. This setting is unavailable in the...
Page 535 Table 10.33 settings when Group setting ESERCMP := Y. NOTE: The SEL-421-1 and the Table 10.33 Series Compensation SEL-421-2 do not provide series- compensated line protection logic. Default Value This setting is unavailable in the SEL-421-1 and the SEL-421-2. Label...
Page 536 (0.05–50  secondary) 5 A (0.25–250  secondary) 1 A XGPOL Quad Ground Polarizing Quantity (I2, IG) TANG Nonhomogeneous Correction Angle –3 –3 (–40.0 to +40.0 degrees) Make setting only when Group setting EADVS := Y. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 537 Zone 1 Time Delay (OFF, 0.000–16000 cycles) 0.000 Zone 2 Time Delay (OFF, 0.000–16000 cycles) 20.000 Zone 3 Time Delay (OFF, 0.000–16000 cycles) 60.000 Zone 4 Time Delay (OFF, 0.000–16000 cycles) Zone 5 Time Delay (OFF, 0.000–16000 cycles) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 538 (OFF, 0.000–16000 cycles) SOTFD Switch-Onto-Fault Enable Duration 10.000 (0.500–16000 cycles) CLSMON Close Signal Monitor (SEL Equation) OGIC Make Table 10.41 settings only when Group setting EOOS := Y; the number of settings is dependent on Group settings E21P := 1–5 and E21G := 1–5.
Page 539 (+90 to +270 degrees) The number of pickup settings in Table 10.43 is dependent on Group setting E50P := 1–4. When E50P := N, no settings are made for Table 10.43 through Table 10.45. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 540 67P4D Level 4 Time Delay (0.000–16000 cycles) 0.000 Table 10.45 Phase Instantaneous Definite-Time Overcurrent Torque Control Label Prompt Default Value 67P1TC Level 1 Torque Control (SEL Equation) OGIC 67P2TC Level 2 Torque Control (SEL Equation) OGIC 67P3TC Level 3 Torque Control (SEL...
Page 541 Level 4 Time Delay (0.000–16000 cycles) 0.000 Table 10.48 Residual Ground Instantaneous Definite-Time Overcurrent Torque Control Label Prompt Default Value 67G1TC Level 1 Torque Control (SEL Equation) OGIC 67G2TC Level 2 Torque Control (SEL Equation) OGIC 67G3TC Level 3 Torque Control (SEL...
Page 542 Level 4 Time Delay (0.000–16000 cycles) 0.000 Table 10.51 Negative-Sequence Instantaneous Definite-Time Overcurrent Torque Control Label Prompt Default Value 67Q1TC Level 1 Torque Control (SEL Equation) OGIC 67Q2TC Level 2 Torque Control (SEL Equation) OGIC 67Q3TC Level 3 Torque Control (SEL...
Page 543 (0.50–15.00) (0.05–1.00) IEC 51S2RS 51S2 Inverse Time Overcurrent Electromagnetic Reset (Y, N) 51S2TC 51S2 Torque Control (SEL Equation) 32QF 32QF OGIC Parameter n = L for line, 1 for BK1, 2 for BK2. This setting cannot be set to NA or to logical 0.
Page 544 Prompt Default Value Pole Open Detection (52, V) 27PO Undervoltage Pole Open Threshold (1–200 V) SPOD Single Pole Open Dropout Delay (0.000–60 cycles) 0.500 3POD Three Pole Open Dropout Delay (0.000–60 cycles) 0.500 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 545 DCUB Disabling Time Delay (0.000–16000 cycles) 180.000 UBEND DCUB Duration Time Delay (0.000–16000 cycles) 20.000 Channel 2 Permissive Trip Received (SEL Equation) OGIC LOG1 Channel 1 Loss-of-Guard (SEL Equation) OGIC LOG2 Channel 2 Loss-of-Guard (SEL Equation) OGIC Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 546 Zone 2 Distance Short Delay (0.000–16000 cycles) 2.000 67SD Level 2 Overcurrent Short Delay 2.000 (0.000–16000 cycles) Block Trip Received (SEL Equation) OGIC Make Table 10.61 settings if Group settings EBFL1 := 1 or 2, or EBFL2 := 1 or 2.
Page 547 Synchronism Source 1 Ratio Factor (0.10–3) 1.00 KS1A Synchronism Source 1 Angle Shift (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330 degrees) 25SFBK1 Maximum Slip Frequency—BK1 (OFF, 0.005–0.5 0.050 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 548 Table 10.65 Recloser and Manual Closing (Sheet 1 of 2) Label Prompt Default Value NSPSHOT Number of Single-Pole Reclosures (N, 1, 2) ESPR1 Single-Pole Reclose Enable—BK1 (SEL Equation) OGIC ESPR2 Single-Pole Reclose Enable—BK2 (SEL Equation) OGIC SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 549 OGIC TBBKD Time Between Breakers for Automatic Reclose (1–99999 cycles) BKCFD Breaker Close Failure Delay (OFF, 1–99999 cycles) SLBK1 Lead Breaker = Breaker 1 (SEL Equation) OGIC SLBK2 Lead Breaker = Breaker 2 (SEL Equation) OGIC FBKCEN Follower Breaker Closing Enable...
Page 550 3PRI Three-Pole Reclose Initiation 3PT AND NOT (M2PT (SEL Equation) OR Z2GT OR M3PT OR OGIC Z3GT OR SOTFT) 79SKP Skip Reclosing Shot (SEL Equation) OGIC 3P1CLS Three Pole BK 1 Reclose Supervision (SEL Equation) OGIC 3P2CLS Three Pole BK 2 Reclose Supervision...
Page 551 Direct Transfer Trip A-Phase (SEL Equation) OGIC Direct Transfer Trip B-Phase (SEL Equation) OGIC Direct Transfer Trip C-Phase (SEL Equation) OGIC BK1MTR Breaker 1 Manual Trip—BK1 (SEL Equation) OGIC 8 pushbuttons OC1 OR PB8_PUL Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 552 OGIC Control Equation Programming). Table 10.71 only shows the factory default protection free-form SEL OGIC control equations. Up to 250 lines of free-form equations may be entered in each of six settings groups, although the actual maximum capacity may be less.
Page 553 OGIC the factory default settings. NOTE: The SEL-421-1 and the SEL-421-2 have a capacity of 100 lines The SEL-421 has a capacity of 100 lines of automation free-form SEL of automation free-form SEL OGIC OGIC control equations in one automation control equations in each of 10 automation setting blocks.
Page 554 • • OUT316 Make Table 10.76 settings if a communications card is present. Table 10.76 Communications Card Outputs Label Prompt Default Value CCOUT01 • • • • • • • • • CCOUT32 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 555 (SEL Equation) ENABLED OGIC PB2_COL PB_LED Assert and Deassert Color (Enter 2: R,G,A,O) PB3_LED Pushbutton LED 3 NOT SG1 #ALT SETTINGS (SEL Equation) OGIC PB3_COL PB_LED Assert and Deassert Color (Enter 2: R,G,A,O) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 556 (Enter 2: R,G,A,O) T1_LED Target LED 1 (M1P OR Z1G) AND NOT (SEL Equation) (SOTFT OR TLED_3) OGIC T1LEDL Target LED 1 Latch (Y, N) T1LEDA Target LED 1 Alias (8 characters) INST SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 557 Target LED 8 (M4P OR Z4G) AND NOT (SEL Equation) (M1P OR M2P OR M3P OR OGIC Z1G OR Z2G OR Z3G OR TLED_5 OR TLED_6 OR TLED_7) T8LEDL Target LED 8 Latch (Y, N) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 558 (Enter 2: R,G,A,O) T15_LED Target LED 15 BK1RS (SEL Equation) OGIC T15LEDL Target LED 15 Latch (Y, N) T15LEDA Target LED 15 Alias (8 characters) 79_RESET T15LEDC T_LED Assert and Deassert Color (Enter 2: R,G,A,O) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 559 T_LED Assert and Deassert Color (Enter 2: R,G,A,O) T23_LED Target LED 23 PMDOK AND TSOK (SEL Equation) OGIC T23LEDL Target LED 23 Latch (Y, N) T23LEDA Target LED 23 Alias (8 characters) PM_OK Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 560 Fundamental Voltage and Current Screen (Y,N) FUNDSEQ Fundamental Sequence Quantities Screen (Y,N) FUND_BK Fundamental Breaker Currents Screen (Y,N) Screens will not rotate when SCROLD := OFF; the first screen in the rotation order remains on the screen. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 561 S for single, D for double Relay Word Bit Name, “Alias,” “Set String,” “Clear String”, “Text Size.” The SEL-421 has no default values programmed for these settings. Total length of Boolean Display Point is 20 characters; 19 characters of ASCII string with 1 character reserved for an “=.”...
Page 562 [Text Size] S for single, D for double Analog Quantity Name, “User Text and Formatting”, “Text Size.” The SEL-421 has no default values programmed for these settings. Total length of Analog Display Point is 20 characters. Display Points on page U.5.10 for examples of setting Analog Display Points.
Page 563 Length of Event Report (0.25–4.00 seconds); 0.50 SRATE := 2 Length of Pre-Fault (0.05–3.95 seconds); SRATE := 2 0.10 Length of Event Report (0.25–5.00 seconds); 0.50 SRATE := 1 Length of Pre-Fault (0.05–4.95 seconds); SRATE := 1 0.10 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 564 EPORT Enable Port (Y, N) MAXACC Maximum Access Level (1, B, P, A, 0, 2, C) PROTO Protocol (SEL, DNP, MBA, MBB, RTD, PMU) Not available in SEL-421 or SEL-421-1. settings if preceding setting PROTO  RTD. Make Table 10.94 Table 10.94 Communications Settings (Sheet 1 of 2)
Page 565 For PROTO := SEL only For PROTO := SEL, MBA, MBB, or PMU only. For PROTO := SEL or PMU only. Make Table 10.95 settings if Port setting PROTO := SEL, DNP, or PMU. Table 10.95 SEL Protocol Settings Label Prompt Default Value TIMEOUT Port Time-Out (OFF, 1–60 minutes)
Page 566 RMB1 Dropout Time (1–8 messages) RMB2FL RMB2 Channel Fail State (0, 1, P) RMB2PU RMB2 Pickup Time (1–8 messages) RMB2DO RMB2 Dropout Time (1–8 messages) RMB3FL RMB3 Channel Fail State (0, 1, P) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 567 NA designates an input that is not connected to an RTD device. Table 10.99 PMU Protocol Settings Label Prompt Default Value PMUMODE PMU Mode (CLIENTA, CLIENTB, SERVER) SERVER RTCID Remote PMU Hardware ID (1–65534) Setting hidden when PMUMODE := SERVER Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 568 Table 10.104 Binary Output Map Label Prompt Default Value BO_MAPn Index Number (Valid binary output index number) Parameter n indicates the index number for row 1 to 70; see Configurable Data Mapping on page R.6.10. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 569 Table 10.107 Analog Output Map Label Prompt Default Value AO_MAPn Index Number (Valid analog output index number) Parameter n indicates the index number for row 1 or 2; see Configurable Data Mapping on page R.6.10. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
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Page 571 Appendix A R.Reference Manual Relay Word Bits This section contains tables of the Relay Word bits available within the SEL-421 Relay. For information on using Relay Word bits in protection and automation, see the Applications Handbook Alphabetic Use this appendix as a reference for Relay Word bit labels in this manual and ...
Page 572 Three-pole open interval timing 3POISC Three-pole open supervision condition 3POLINE Three-pole open line 3PRCIP Three-pole reclaim in progress 3PRI Three-pole reclose initiation (SEL control equation) OGIC Trip logic three-phase selected 3PSHOT0 Three-pole shot counter =0 3PSHOT1 Three-pole shot counter =1...
Page 573 Circuit Breaker 2, Pole A status 52AAL1 Circuit Breaker 1, Pole A alarm 52AAL2 Circuit Breaker 2, Pole A alarm 52AB1 Circuit Breaker 1, Pole B status 52AB2 Circuit Breaker 2, Pole B status Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 574 Level 2 negative-sequence directional overcurrent element 67Q2T Level 2 negative-sequence delayed directional overcurrent element 67Q3 Level 3 negative-sequence directional overcurrent element 67Q3T Level 3 negative-sequence delayed directional overcurrent element 67Q4 Level 4 negative-sequence directional overcurrent element SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 575 Circuit Breaker 1 electrical slow operation alarm B1KAIAL Circuit Breaker 1 interrupted current alarm B1MRTAL Circuit Breaker 1 motor running time alarm B1MRTIN Motor run time contact input-Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL OGIC control equation) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 576 Circuit Breaker 2 electrical slow operation alarm B2KAIAL Circuit Breaker 2 interrupted current alarm B2MRTAL Circuit Breaker 2 motor running time alarm B2MRTIN Motor run time contact input-Circuit Breaker 2 (SEL OGIC control equation) B2MSOAL Circuit Breaker 2 mechanical slow operation alarm B2OPHA...
Page 577 BFIN1 Circuit Breaker 1 no current circuit breaker failure initiation BFIN2 Circuit Breaker 2 no current circuit breaker failure initiation BFTR1 Circuit breaker failure trip-Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL OGIC control equation) BFTR2 Circuit breaker failure trip-Circuit Breaker 2 (SEL OGIC...
Page 578 258–259 CCSTA32 CHSG Settings Group Change COMPRM Communications-assisted trip permission Trip logic C-phase selected CVTBL CCVT transient blocking logic active CVTBLH CCVT transient blocking logic active-high-speed elements DC1F DC Monitor 1 fail alarm SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 579 Channel B status IRRORED Daylight Savings Time DSTP Daylight Savings Time Pending DSTRT Directional start element picked up Direct transfer trip A-Phase (SEL control equation) OGIC Direct transfer trip B-Phase (SEL control equation) OGIC Direct transfer trip C-Phase (SEL...
Page 580 FOP2_17– Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 2, 17–24 FOP2_24 FOP2_25– Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 2, 25–32 FOP2_32 FOP3_01– Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 3, 01–08 FOP3_08 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 581 KEYA Transmit A-phase permissive trip (ECOMM=POTT3) KEYB Transmit B-phase permissive trip (ECOMM=POTT3) KEYC Transmit C-phase permissive trip (ECOMM=POTT3) LB01–LB32 Latch bits 88–91 LB_DP01– Local Bit Status Display (SEL Equation) 288–291 OGIC LB_DP32 LB_SP01– Local Bit Supervision (SEL Equation) 284–287 OGIC...
Page 582 LLDB1 Live Line Dead Bus 1 LLDB2 Live Line Dead Bus 2 LOADTE Load TECORR Factor (SEL Equation). When a rising- OGIC edge is detected (greater than one cycle), the accumulated time-error value TE is loaded with the TECORR factor (preload value).
Page 583 Circuit Breaker 2 no current circuit breaker failure NBK0 No circuit breakers active in reclose scheme NBK1 One circuit breaker active in reclose scheme NBK2 Two circuit breakers active in reclose scheme NSTRT Non-directional start element picked up Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 584 Protection conditioning timer outputs 120–121 PCT32Q PDEM Phase current demand picked up PFRTEX Protection SEL control equation first execution OGIC PHASE_A Indicates an A-phase fault PHASE_B Indicates a B-phase fault PHASE_C Indicates a C-phase fault SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 585 Channel A Receive Mirrored Bit 3 RMB3B Channel B Receive Mirrored Bit 3 RMB4A Channel A Receive Mirrored Bit 4 RMB4B Channel B Receive Mirrored Bit 4 RMB5A Channel A Receive Mirrored Bit 5 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 586 Channel A status IRRORED while not in loopback mode ROKB Normal M communications Channel B status IRRORED while not in loopback mode RST_79C Reset recloser shot count accumulators (SEL control OGIC equation) RST_BAT Reset battery monitoring (SEL control equation) OGIC RST_BK1...
Page 587 Circuit Breaker 2 current-supervised C-phase retrip RXPRM Receiver trip permission SALARM Software alarm SERCA Series-compensated line A-phase output SERCAB Series-compensated line AB-phase output SERCB Series-compensated line B-phase output SERCBC Series-compensated line BC-phase output SERCC Series-compensated line C-phase output Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 588 < fp SLOW2 fs2 < fp SOTFE Switch-onto-fault enable SOTFT Switch-onto-fault trip SP1CLS Single-pole Circuit Breaker 1 reclose supervision (SEL OGIC control equation) SP2CLS Single-pole Circuit Breaker 2 reclose supervision (SEL OGIC control equation) SPARC Single-pole reclose initiate qualified...
Page 589 TQUAL2 Time quality, binary, add 2 when asserted TQUAL4 Time quality, binary, add 4 when asserted TQUAL8 Time quality, binary, add 8 when asserted TREA1 Trigger Reason Bit 1 (SEL Equation) OGIC TREA2 Trigger Reason Bit 2 (SEL Equation) OGIC...
Page 590 Block permissive trip received 1 or 2 UBB1 Blocks permissive trip Receiver 1 UBB2 Blocks permissive trip Receiver 2 UBOSB Unblock out-of-step blocking ULCL1 Unlatch closing for Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL control OGIC equation) ULCL2 Unlatch closing for Circuit Breaker 2 (SEL control OGIC...
Page 591 Load-encroachment “load in” element Not in SEL-421-1 nor SEL-421-2. IRIG-B on page U.4.71. The SEL-421 uses the year information obtained from IRIG-B to set the internal clock year value if EPMU := Y. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 592 Table A.3 Relay Word Bits: Distance Elements (Sheet 1 of 4) Name Description Zone 1 Mho phase element Zone 2 Mho phase element Zone 3 Mho phase element Zone 4 Mho phase element Zone 5 Mho phase element Reserved Reserved Reserved SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 593 Zone 1 Mho C-A phase element Reserved MAB2 Zone 2 Mho A-B phase element MBC2 Zone 2 Mho B-C phase element MCA2 Zone 2 Mho C-A phase element Reserved MAB3 Zone 3 Mho A-B phase element Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 594 Zone 1 quad C-phase-to-ground element Reserved XAG2 Zone 2 quad A-phase-to-ground element XBG2 Zone 2 quad B-phase-to-ground element XCG2 Zone 2 quad C-phase-to-ground element Reserved XAG3 Zone 3 quad A-phase-to-ground element XBG3 Zone 3 quad B-phase-to-ground element SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 595 Series-compensated line A-phase output SERCB Series-compensated line B-phase output SERCC Series-compensated line C-phase output Reserved Reserved Not in the SEL-421-1 nor the SEL-421-2. Table A.5 Relay Word Bits: Out-of-Step Elements (Sheet 1 of 2) Name Description X6ABC Impedance inside Zone 6 out-of-step X7ABC...
Page 596 R32I Reverse current polarized zero-sequence directional element F32V Forward voltage polarized zero-sequence directional element R32V Reverse voltage polarized zero-sequence directional element F32QG Forward negative-sequence ground directional element R32QG Reverse negative-sequence ground directional element SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 597 Level 2 negative-sequence directional overcurrent element 67Q3 Level 3 negative-sequence directional overcurrent element 67Q4 Level 4 negative-sequence directional overcurrent element 67Q1T Level 1 negative sequence delayed directional overcurrent element 67Q2T Level 2 negative-sequence delayed directional overcurrent element Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 598 Circuit Breaker 1 voltages within Synchronism Angle 1 25A2BK1 Circuit Breaker 1 voltages within Synchronism Angle 2 FAST1 fs1 > fp SLOW1 fs1 < fp BSYNBK1 Block synchronism check for Circuit Breaker 1 Reserved Reserved Reserved SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 599 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Table A.9 Relay Word Bits: Reclosing Elements (Sheet 1 of 3) Name Description SPRI Single-pole reclose initiation (SEL control equation) OGIC SPARC Single-pole reclose initiate qualified SPLSHT Single-pole reclose last shot SPOBK1 Single-pole open Circuit Breaker 1...
Page 600 Single-pole reclaim in progress 3PRCIP Three-pole reclaim in progress 2POBK1 Two poles open Circuit Breaker 1 2POBK2 Two poles open Circuit Breaker 2 RST_79C Reset recloser shot count accumulators (SEL control OGIC equation) SPSHOT0 Single-pole shot counter =0 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual...
Page 601 B-phase sector fault (BG or CAG fault) C-phase sector fault (CG or ABG fault) DFAULT Disables maximum/minimum metering and demand metering when SEL control equation FAULT asserts OGIC Event report trigger equation (SEL control equation) OGIC EAFSRC Alternate frequency source (SEL control equation) OGIC...
Page 602 Circuit Breaker 2 unlatch manual trip ULTRA Unlatch Trip A ULTRB Unlatch Trip B ULTRC Unlatch Trip C Direct transfer trip A-Phase (SEL control equation) OGIC Direct transfer trip B-Phase (SEL control equation) OGIC Direct transfer trip C-Phase (SEL control equation)
Page 603 Reserved EKEYA A-phase echo received permissive trip signal (ECOMM=POTT3) EKEYB B-phase echo received permissive trip signal (ECOMM=POTT3) EKEYC C-phase echo received permissive trip signal (ECOMM=POTT3) ECTTA A-phase echo conversion to trip signal (ECOMM=POTT3) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 604 Circuit Breaker 1 A-phase current threshold exceeded 50FB1 Circuit Breaker 1 B-phase current threshold exceeded 50FC1 Circuit Breaker 1 C-phase current threshold exceeded RT3P1 Circuit Breaker 1 three-pole retrip RTA1 Circuit Breaker 1 A-phase retrip SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 605 Circuit Breaker 1 failure trip output asserted BFTR1 Circuit breaker failure trip—Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL control equation) OGIC BFULTR1 Circuit breaker failure unlatch trip—Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL control equation) OGIC Reserved Reserved Reserved Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 606 Circuit Breaker 2 load current circuit breaker failure initiation LCBF2 Circuit Breaker 2 load current circuit breaker failure 50FOA2 Circuit Breaker 2 A-phase flashover current threshold exceeded 50FOB2 Circuit Breaker 2 B-phase flashover current threshold exceeded SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 607 B-phase open SPOC C-phase open One or two poles open All three poles open 27APO A-phase undervoltage, pole open 27BPO B-phase undervoltage, pole open 27CPO C-phase undervoltage, pole open Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 608 Circuit breaker monitor C-phase trip—Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL control equation) OGIC BM1CLSA Circuit breaker monitor A-phase close—Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL control equation) OGIC BM1CLSB Circuit breaker monitor B-phase close—Circuit Breaker 1 (SEL control equation) OGIC SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 609 Table A.17 Relay Word Bits: RTD Status (Sheet 1 of 2) Name Description RTD08ST RTD Status for Channel 8 RTD07ST RTD Status for Channel 7 RTD06ST RTD Status for Channel 6 RTD05ST RTD Status for Channel 5 RTD04ST RTD Status for Channel 4 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 610 Table A.20 Relay Word Bits: Open and Close Command (Sheet 1 of 2) Name Description Circuit Breaker 2 close command Circuit Breaker 2 open command Circuit Breaker 1 close command Circuit Breaker 1 open command Reserved SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 611 Local Bit 17 LB32 Local Bit 32 LB31 Local Bit 31 LB30 Local Bit 30 LB29 Local Bit 29 LB28 Local Bit 28 LB27 Local Bit 27 LB26 Local Bit 26 LB25 Local Bit 25 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 612 Table A.23 Relay Word Bits: Active Protection Settings Group (Sheet 1 of 2) Name Description Settings Group 6 active Settings Group 5 active Settings Group 4 active Settings Group 3 active Settings Group 2 active Settings Group 1 active SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 613 First Optional I/O Board Input 17 (if installed) IN308 Second Optional I/O Board Input 8 (if installed) IN307 Second Optional I/O Board Input 7 (if installed) IN306 Second Optional I/O Board Input 6 (if installed) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 614 Variable 5 OGIC PSV04 Protection SEL Variable 4 OGIC PSV03 Protection SEL Variable 3 OGIC PSV02 Protection SEL Variable 2 OGIC PSV01 Protection SEL Variable 1 OGIC PSV16 Protection SEL Variable 16 OGIC SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 615 Variable 44 OGIC PSV43 Protection SEL Variable 43 OGIC PSV42 Protection SEL Variable 42 OGIC PSV41 Protection SEL Variable 41 OGIC PSV56 Protection SEL Variable 56 OGIC PSV55 Protection SEL Variable 55 OGIC Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 616 Protection Latch 9 PLT24 Protection Latch 24 PLT23 Protection Latch 23 PLT22 Protection Latch 22 PLT21 Protection Latch 21 PLT20 Protection Latch 20 PLT19 Protection Latch 19 PLT18 Protection Latch 18 PLT17 Protection Latch 17 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 617 Protection Conditioning Timer 17 output PCT32Q Protection Conditioning Timer 32 output PCT31Q Protection Conditioning Timer 31 output PCT30Q Protection Conditioning Timer 30 output PCT29Q Protection Conditioning Timer 29 output PCT28Q Protection Conditioning Timer 28 output Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 618 Protection Sequencing Timer 29 output PST28Q Protection Sequencing Timer 28 output PST27Q Protection Sequencing Timer 27 output PST26Q Protection Sequencing Timer 26 output PST25Q Protection Sequencing Timer 25 output PST08R Protection Sequencing Timer 8 reset SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 619 Protection Counter 8 output PCN07Q Protection Counter 7 output PCN06Q Protection Counter 6 output PCN05Q Protection Counter 5 output PCN04Q Protection Counter 4 output PCN03Q Protection Counter 3 output PCN02Q Protection Counter 2 output Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 620 Protection Counter 15 reset PCN14R Protection Counter 14 reset PCN13R Protection Counter 13 reset PCN12R Protection Counter 12 reset PCN11R Protection Counter 11 reset PCN10R Protection Counter 10 reset PCN09R Protection Counter 9 reset SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 621 Variable 24 OGIC ASV023 Automation SEL Variable 23 OGIC ASV022 Automation SEL Variable 22 OGIC ASV021 Automation SEL Variable 21 OGIC ASV020 Automation SEL Variable 20 OGIC ASV019 Automation SEL Variable 19 OGIC Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 622 Variable 63 OGIC ASV062 Automation SEL Variable 62 OGIC ASV061 Automation SEL Variable 61 OGIC ASV060 Automation SEL Variable 60 OGIC ASV059 Automation SEL Variable 59 OGIC ASV058 Automation SEL Variable 58 OGIC SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 623 Variable 102 OGIC ASV101 Automation SEL Variable 101 OGIC ASV100 Automation SEL Variable 100 OGIC ASV099 Automation SEL Variable 99 OGIC ASV098 Automation SEL Variable 98 OGIC ASV097 Automation SEL Variable 97 OGIC Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 624 Variable 141 OGIC ASV140 Automation SEL Variable 140 OGIC ASV139 Automation SEL Variable 139 OGIC ASV138 Automation SEL Variable 138 OGIC ASV137 Automation SEL Variable 137 OGIC ASV152 Automation SEL Variable 152 OGIC SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 625 Variable 180 OGIC ASV179 Automation SEL Variable 179 OGIC ASV178 Automation SEL Variable 178 OGIC ASV177 Automation SEL Variable 177 OGIC ASV192 Automation SEL Variable 192 OGIC ASV191 Automation SEL Variable 191 OGIC Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 626 Variable 219 OGIC ASV218 Automation SEL Variable 218 OGIC ASV217 Automation SEL Variable 217 OGIC ASV232 Automation SEL Variable 232 OGIC ASV231 Automation SEL Variable 231 OGIC ASV230 Automation SEL Variable 230 OGIC SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 627 Automation Latch 8 ALT07 Automation Latch 7 ALT06 Automation Latch 6 ALT05 Automation Latch 5 ALT04 Automation Latch 4 ALT03 Automation Latch 3 ALT02 Automation Latch 2 ALT01 Automation Latch 1 ALT16 Automation Latch 16 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 628 Automation Sequencing Timer 15 output AST14Q Automation Sequencing Timer 14 output AST13Q Automation Sequencing Timer 13 output AST12Q Automation Sequencing Timer 12 output AST11Q Automation Sequencing Timer 11 output AST10Q Automation Sequencing Timer 10 output SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 629 Automation Sequencing Timer 22 reset AST21R Automation Sequencing Timer 21 reset AST20R Automation Sequencing Timer 20 reset AST19R Automation Sequencing Timer 19 reset AST18R Automation Sequencing Timer 18 reset AST17R Automation Sequencing Timer 17 reset Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 630 Automation Counter 17 output ACN32Q Automation Counter 32 output ACN31Q Automation Counter 31 output ACN30Q Automation Counter 30 output ACN29Q Automation Counter 29 output ACN28Q Automation Counter 28 output ACN27Q Automation Counter 27 output SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 631 Automation Counter 31 reset ACN30R Automation Counter 30 reset ACN29R Automation Counter 29 reset ACN28R Automation Counter 28 reset ACN27R Automation Counter 27 reset ACN26R Automation Counter 26 reset ACN25R Automation Counter 25 reset Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 632 R.A.62 Relay Word Bits Row List Table A.34 Relay Word Bits: SEL Control Equation Error and Status OGIC Name Description PUNRLBL Protection SEL control equation unresolved label OGIC PFRTEX Protection SEL control equation first execution OGIC MATHERR control equation math error...
Page 633 Optional I/O Board 1 Output 5 OUT204 Optional I/O Board 1 Output 4 OUT203 Optional I/O Board 1 Output 3 OUT202 Optional I/O Board 1 Output 2 OUT201 Optional I/O Board 1 Output 1 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 634 Pushbutton 1 pulse (on for one processing interval when but- ton is pushed) PB2_PUL Pushbutton 2 pulse (on for one processing interval when but- ton is pushed) PB3_PUL Pushbutton 3 pulse (on for one processing interval when but- ton is pushed) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 635 Reset Circuit Breaker 2 monitor RST_BAT Reset battery monitoring (SEL control equation) OGIC RSTFLOC Reset fault locator (SEL control equation) OGIC RSTDNPE Reset DNP Fault Summary Data (SEL control OGIC equation) Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Date Code 20111215...
Page 636 Indicates Circuit Breaker 1 breaker failure trip BK2BFT Indicates Circuit Breaker 2 breaker failure trip TRGTR Reset all active target relay words RSTTRGT Target reset (SEL control equation) OGIC Table A.41 Relay Word Bits: M (Sheet 1 of 2) IRRORED...
Page 637 Reserved Table A.42 Relay Word Bits: Test Bits Name Description TESTDNP DNP test bit TESTDB Communications card database test bit TESTFM Fast meter test bit TESTPUL Pulse test bit Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 638 Communications Card Input Point 91 CCIN092 Communications Card Input Point 92 CCIN093 Communications Card Input Point 93 CCIN094 Communications Card Input Point 94 CCIN095 Communications Card Input Point 95 CCIN096 Communications Card Input Point 96 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 639 Communications Card Input Point 51 CCIN052 Communications Card Input Point 52 CCIN053 Communications Card Input Point 53 CCIN054 Communications Card Input Point 54 CCIN055 Communications Card Input Point 55 CCIN056 Communications Card Input Point 56 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 640 Communications Card Input Point 11 CCIN012 Communications Card Input Point 12 CCIN013 Communications Card Input Point 13 CCIN014 Communications Card Input Point 14 CCIN015 Communications Card Input Point 15 CCIN016 Communications Card Input Point 16 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 641 Communications Card Output Point 16 CCOUT01 Communications Card Output Point 1 CCOUT02 Communications Card Output Point 2 CCOUT03 Communications Card Output Point 3 CCOUT04 Communications Card Output Point 4 CCOUT05 Communications Card Output Point 5 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 642 Communications Card Self-Test Status Register Bit 5 CCSTA29 Communications Card Self-Test Status Register Bit 4 CCSTA30 Communications Card Self-Test Status Register Bit 3 CCSTA31 Communications Card Self-Test Status Register Bit 2 CCSTA32 Communications Card Self-Test Status Register Bit 1 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 643 Fast SER enabled for Serial Port F Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Table A.47 Relay Word Bits: Source Selection Elements Bit Name Description ALTI Alternate current source (SEL control equation) OGIC ALTV Alternate voltage source (SEL control equation) OGIC ALTS2 Alternate synchronism source for Circuit Breaker 2...
Page 644 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved MCA3H High-speed Zone 3 Mho C-A phase element 266– Reserved Not in SEL-421-1 nor SEL-421-2. Table A.49 Synchrophasor Trigger SEL Equations/RTC Synchrophasor OGIC Status Bits (Sheet 1 of 2) Bit Name Description PMTRIG Trigger (SEL...
Page 645 Relay Word Bits R.A.75 Row List Table A.49 Synchrophasor Trigger SEL Equations/RTC Synchrophasor OGIC Status Bits (Sheet 2 of 2) Bit Name Description RTCCFGA RTC Configuration Complete, Channel A RTCSEQB RTC Data In Sequence, Channel B RTCSEQA RTC Data In Sequence, Channel A...
Page 646 IEEE C37.118 IRIG-B control bits in the data stream. Otherwise, these Relay Word bits are indeterminate. When the SEL-421 is not connected to an IRIG source, these Relay Word bits are deasserted, except for TQUAL8–TQUAL1, which are asserted.
Page 647 Pushbutton 10 pulse (on for one processing interval when button is pushed) PB11PUL Pushbutton 11 pulse (on for one processing interval when button is pushed) PB12PUL Pushbutton 12 pulse (on for one processing interval when button is pushed) Reserved Reserved Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 648 Local Bit 26 Supervision (SEL Equation) OGIC LB_SP25 Local Bit 25 Supervision (SEL Equation) OGIC LB_DP08 Local Bit 08 Status Display (SEL Equation) OGIC LB_DP07 Local Bit 07 Status Display (SEL Equation) OGIC LB_DP06 Local Bit 06 Status Display (SEL...
Page 649 Relay Word Bits R.A.79 Row List Table A.53 Relay Word Bits: Local Bit Supervision and Status (Sheet 2 of 2) Bit Name Description LB_DP05 Local Bit 05 Status Display (SEL Equation) OGIC LB_DP04 Local Bit 04 Status Display (SEL Equation) OGIC LB_DP03...
Page 650 FOPF_13 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port F, bit 13 FOPF_12 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port F, bit 12 FOPF_11 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port F, bit 11 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 651 FOP1_20 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 1, bit 20 FOP1_19 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 1, bit 19 FOP1_18 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 1, bit 18 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 652 FOP2_27 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 2, bit 27 FOP2_26 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 2, bit 26 FOP2_25 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 2, bit 25 SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 653 FOP3_27 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 3, bit 27 FOP3_26 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 3, bit 26 FOP3_25 Fast Operate Output Control Bits for Port 3, bit 25 Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
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Page 655 Appendix B R.Reference Manual Analog Quantities This section contains a table of the analog quantities available within the SEL-421 Relay. For information on using analog quantities in protection and automation, see Applications Handbook. Table B.2 as a reference for labels in this manual and as a resource for OGIC ...
Page 656 Rate-of-change of frequency, df/dt Hz/s DFDTD Aligned rate-of-change of frequency, df/dt Hz/s DMON Month DPFA, DPFB, DPFC Phase displacement power factor DYEAR Year FLOC Fault location per-unit FOSPM Fraction-of-second of the synchrophasor data seconds SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 657 Aligned synchrophasor positive-sequence current magnitude (I_X terminal) I1XPMR Synchrophasor positive-sequence current, real component (I_X terminals) I1XPMRD Aligned synchrophasor positive-sequence current real component (I_X terminal) IAD, IBD, ICD Phase demand current IAPKD, IBPKD, ICPKD Phase peak demand current Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 658 Negative-sequence instantaneous current angle (line) degrees L3I2FIM Negative-sequence instantaneous current magnitude (line) L3I2M Negative-sequence 10-cycle average current magnitude (line) LI1A Positive-sequence 10-cycle average current angle (line) degrees LI1FIA Positive-sequence instantaneous current angle (line) degrees SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 659 RTC Remote Analog Values, Channel A RTCAP01–RTCAP32 RTC Remote Phasor Values, Channel A RTCB01–RTCB08 RTC Remote Analog Values, Channel B RTCBP01–RTCBP32 RTC Remote Phasor Values, Channel B RTCDFA RTC Remote Frequency Rate of Change, Channel A HZ/s Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 660 RTC Remote Frequency Rate of Change, Channel B HZ/s RTCFA RTC Remote Frequency, Channel A RTCFB RTC Remote Frequency, Channel B RTD01–RTD12 Instantaneous temperatures from the SEL-2600 °C SA_f, SB_f, SC_f Phase fundamental apparent power SHOT1_1 Total number of first-shot single-pole reclosures SHOT1_2...
Page 661 Fault Location on page R.1.18 for more information on this value. Digital input values are not available for boards that have optoisolated inputs. Copy of last value set by TEC command or DNP3. Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 662 Phase filtered instantaneous voltage magnitude VAFIA, VBFIA, VCFIA Phase filtered instantaneous voltage angle degrees VAFM, VBFM, VCFM Phase 10-cycle average fundamental voltage magnitude VAFA, VBFA, VCFA Phase 10-cycle average fundamental voltage angle degrees SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 663 Maximum dc voltage Power PA_f, PB_f, PC_f Phase fundamental real power 3P_f Three-phase fundamental real power PA, PB, PC Phase real power Three-phase real power QA_f, QB_f, QC_f Phase fundamental reactive power MVAr Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 664 3MWHOUT Three-phase positive (export) energy 3MWHIN Three-phase negative (import) energy 3MWH3T Three-phase total energy RTD Temperature RTD01–RTD12 Instantaneous temperatures from the SEL-2600 °C IRRORED MB1A–MB7A communications A Channel received analog values IRRORED MB1B–MB7B communications B Channel received analog values IRRORED...
Page 665 Present value of single-pole shot counter 3PSHOT Present value of three-pole shot counter SHOT1_1 Total number of first-shot single-pole reclosures SHOT1_2 Total number of second-shot single-pole reclosures SHOT1_T Total number of single-pole reclosures Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 666 Synchrophasor positive-sequence current, imaginary component (I_X terminals) I1SPMM Synchrophasor positive-sequence current magnitude (I_W + I_X terminals) A I1SPMA Synchrophasor positive-sequence current angle (I_W + I_X terminals) degrees I1SPMR Synchrophasor positive-sequence current, real component (I_W + I_X terminals) SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 667 Aligned synchrophasor current angle (I_W + I_X terminals) degrees IASPMRD, IBSPMRD, ICSPMRD Aligned synchrophasor current real component (I_W + I_X terminals) IASPMID, IBSPMID, ICSPMID Aligned synchrophasor current imaginary component (I_W + I_X terminals) Date Code 20111215 Reference Manual SEL-421 Relay...
Page 668 Copy of last value set by TEC command or DNP3. Fault Location on page R.1.18 for more information on this value. Digital input analog values are not available for boards that have optoisolated inputs. SEL-421 Relay Reference Manual Date Code 20111215...
Page 669 The designation of the vertical height of a device in rack units. One rack unit, U, is approximately 1.75 inches or 44.45 mm. Abbreviation for amps or amperes; unit of electrical current flow. ® ABS Operator An operator in math SEL control equations that provides absolute OGIC value. AC Ripple The peak-to-peak ac component of a signal or waveform.
Page 670 Defines a set of objects, a set of services to manipulate and access those objects, and a base set of data types for describing objects. Active Settings Group The settings group that the SEL-421 is presently using from among six settings groups available in the relay. Admittance The reciprocal of impedance;...
Page 671 To activate. To fulfill the logic or electrical requirements needed to operate a device. To set a logic condition to the true state (logical 1) of that condition. To apply a closed contact to an SEL-421 input. To close a normally open output contact. To open a normally closed output contact.
Page 672 Bandpass Filter A filter that passes frequencies within a certain range and blocks all frequencies outside this range. Best Choice Ground An SEL logic that determines the directional element that the relay uses for Directional Supervision™ ground faults. logic Bit Label The identifier for a particular bit.
Page 673 IEC 61850 Configured IED Description file. XML file that contains the configuration for a specific IED. Circuit Breaker This logic within the SEL-421 detects and warns of failure or incomplete Failure Logic operation of a circuit breaker in clearing a fault or in performing a trip or close sequence.
Page 674 Relay outputs that affect the state of other equipment. Connect control outputs to circuit breaker trip and close coils, breaker failure auxiliary relays, communications-assisted tripping circuits, and SCADA systems. COS Operator Operator in math SEL control equations that provides the cosine OGIC function.
Page 675 To clear a logic condition to its false state (logical 0). To open the circuit or open the contacts across an SEL-421 input. To open a normally open output contact. To close a normally closed output contact.
Page 676 EIA/TIA-232. Formerly known as RS-232. EIA-485 Electrical standard for multidrop serial data communications interfaces, based on the standard EIA/TIA-485. Formerly known as RS-485. Electrical Operating Time Time between trip or close initiation and an open phase status change. SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 677 Unlike the hybrid control output, this output is not polarity sensitive; reversed polarity causes no misoperations. Fast Meter SEL binary serial port command used to collect metering data with SEL relays. Fast Operate SEL binary serial port command used to perform control with SEL relays.
Page 678 GL.10 Glossary Fast Message—GOOSE Fast Message SEL binary serial port protocol used for Fast SER, Fast Message Synchrophasors, and RTD communications. Fault Type Logic the relay uses to identify balanced and unbalanced faults (FIDS). Identification Selection Relay firmware identification string. Lists the relay model, firmware version and date code, and other information that uniquely identifies the firmware installed in a particular relay.
Page 679 IA, IB, IC Measured A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase currents. ICD File IEC 61850 IED Capability Description file. XML file that describes IED capabilities, including information on logical node and GOOSE support. Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
Page 680 (Group 1–Group 6), while the Global settings class has one instance. Instantaneous Meter Type of meter data presented by the SEL-421 that includes the present values measured at the relay ac inputs. The word “Instantaneous” is used to differentiate these values from the measurements presented by the demand, thermal, energy, and other meter types.
Page 681 Maximum/Minimum Type of meter data presented by the SEL-421 that includes a record of the Meter maximum and minimum of each value, along with the date and time that each maximum and minimum occurred.
Page 682 Nonhomogeneous System A power system with a large angle difference (>5° difference) for the impedance angles of the local source, the protected line, and the remote source. SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 683 Peak Demand Metering Maximum demand and a time stamp for phase currents, negative-sequence and zero-sequence currents, and powers. The SEL-421 stores peak demand values and the date and time these occurred to nonvolatile storage once per day, overwriting the previously stored value if the new value is larger. Should the relay lose control power, the relay restores the peak demand information saved at 23:50 hours on the previous day.
Page 684 The cosine of the angle by which phase current lags or leads phase voltage in an ac electrical circuit. Power factor equals 1.0 for power flowing to a pure resistive load. Pulse per second from a GPS receiver. Previous SEL-421 relays had a TIME 1k PPS input. Protection and Segregation of protection and automation processing and settings.
Page 685 1 or logical 0. Logical 1 represents a true logic condition, picked up element, or asserted control input or control output. Logical 0 represents a false logic condition, dropped out element, or deasserted control input or control output. Use Relay Word bits in SEL control equations. OGIC...
Page 686 GOMSFE models and data within the IED. Self-Test A function that verifies the correct operation of a critical device subsystem and indicates detection of an out-of-tolerance condition. The SEL-421 has self-tests that validate the relay power supply, microprocessor, memory, and other critical systems.
Page 687 Shunt Current The current that a parallel-connected high-resistance or high-impedance device diverts away from devices or apparatus. SIN Operator Operator in math SEL control equations that provides the sine function. OGIC Single-Pole Trip A circuit breaker trip operation that occurs when one pole of the three poles of a circuit breaker opens independently of the other poles.
Page 688 All faults that do not include all three phases of a system. Unbuffered Report IEC 61850 IEDs can issue immediate unbuffered reports of internal events (caused by trigger options data-change, quality-change, and data-update) on a SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 689 (3I Zero-Sequence A factor based on the zero-sequence and positive-sequence impedance of a Compensation Factor line that modifies a ground distance element to have the same reach as a phase distance element. Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
Page 690 That portion of the relay FID string that identifies the proper ERATOR QuickSet software relay driver version and HMI driver version when creating or editing relay settings files. Zone Time Delay Time delay associated with the forward or reverse step distance and zone protection. SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 691 Telnet U.3.5 Restoration R.9.4 terminal U.3.5 Automessages U.6.39 A.6.6 R.5.8 BREAKER CONTROL – COMTRADE U.3.16 U.3.20 See also SEL Binary Protocols front panel U.5.23 – U.5.24 control window U.3.22 Auto-Reclose R.2.1 – R.2.41 – database manager U.3.6 U.3.8 Breaker Failure Protection –...
Page 692 SEL-2702 A.7.4 A.1.148 – A.1.151 QUIT R.9.37 settings R.4.5 Scheme 1 R.1.116 – U.4.55 A.3.34 A.3.35 Communications Processor A.6.1 application example – R.9.38 R.9.39 application example A.6.5 A.1.151 – A.1.157 R.9.40 – R.9.44 SHOW R.9.44 SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 693 A.1.89 R.1.40 R.1.41 diagram U.2.8 Contact Card logic diagram R.1.41 ratings U.2.8 See SEL Contact Card I/O, Main Board A and Main Board Contact Inputs U.2.10 U.2.15 Data See Control Inputs INT1, INT2, INT4, INT5, INT6, filtered data A.3.2 INT7, and INT8 U.2.15...
Page 694 A.3.14 – A.3.20 Directional Elements DATE R.4.13 Compressed ASCII CEVENT See Ground Directional Elements; DNPMAP R.4.13 – A.3.24 A.3.28 Phase and Negative-Sequence HELP R.4.16 Directional Elements application example A.3.25 – R.4.16 A.3.28 MEMORY R.4.17 SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 695 – circuit breaker A.2.2 Factory Assistance U.6.45 U.5.22 See also Circuit Breaker‚ history Fast Message RELAY STATUS U.5.32 report See SEL Binary Protocols RESET ACCESS LEVEL U.5.34 event A.3.31 Fast Meter – U.5.19 U.5.20 See SEL Binary Protocols SET/SHOW U.5.28 –...
Page 696 A.1.7 A.1.25 password jumper U.2.18 – U.2.20 See Trip Logic – A.1.58 A.1.62 A.1.91 – serial port U.2.21 U.2.22 – Maximum/Minimum Metering A.2.31 high-speed elements R.1.58 A.2.33 logic diagrams R.1.59 – R.1.61 See also Meter SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 697 U.1.3 R.1.43 PC Software – Protection and Automation Separation application example A.1.126 QuickSet ERATOR R.3.3 A.1.133 Software See also SEL Control OGIC Output SEL Control Equations OGIC Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip Equations R.3.3 R.10.35 See POTT Date Code 20111215 SEL-421 Relay...
Page 698 R.4.11 time synchronization A.4.3 A.4.4 Z1ANG R.1.54 passwords R.4.11 variables R.3.13 zero-sequence compensation R.1.54 SEL Binary Protocols R.4.2 R.5.2 Sequential Events Recorder QUIT Command R.9.37 Fast Message Synchrophasor R.7.31 See SER (Sequential Events Recorder) Fast Meter A.6.6 R.5.8 R.9.2...
Page 699 ASCII commands U.4.15 timing diagram A.5.3 class U.4.14 U.4.15 Substation Automation R.3.2 date U.5.31 R.9.17 TARGET Command U.6.5 R.9.50 – See also SEL Control OGIC – from front panel U.4.28 U.4.32 R.9.51 Equations U.5.28 – U.5.32 Targets U.5.36 – U.5.40 –...
Page 700 A.1.109 R.1.106 R.1.107 TULO A.1.13 A.1.39 A.1.78 Time Synchronization U.4.71 A.1.109 R.1.106 See also Time Inputs ULTR A.1.13 A.1.39 A.1.78 DNP3 R.6.8 A.1.109 R.1.107 R.7.1 Troubleshooting U.6.42 – U.6.44 IRIG-B U.4.71 A.6.2 A.6.5 SEL-2407 R.7.1 SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 701 SEL-421 Relay Command Summary Command Description 2ACCESS Go to Access Level 2 (complete relay monitoring and control) AACCESS Go to Access Level A (automation control) ACCESS Go to Access Level 1 (monitor relay) BACCESS Go to Access Level B (monitor relay and control circuit breakers)
Page 702 Port 1–3, F, 5 Communications port settings Report Event report and SER settings Alias Alias names for analog quantities and Relay Word bits The SEL-421-1 and the SEL-421-2 have only one instance of automation logic settings. SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...
Page 703 SEL-421 Relay Command Summary Command Description 2ACCESS Go to Access Level 2 (complete relay monitoring and control) AACCESS Go to Access Level A (automation control) ACCESS Go to Access Level 1 (monitor relay) BACCESS Go to Access Level B (monitor relay and control circuit breakers)
Page 704 Port 1–3, F, 5 Communications port settings Report Event report and SER settings Alias Alias names for analog quantities and Relay Word bits The SEL-421-1 and the SEL-421-2 have only one instance of automation logic settings. SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215...

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