Seagate Travan 40 Tape Drive STT2401A Product Manual
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Seagate Travan 40 Tape Drive STT2401A Product Manual

Quantum audio travan 40 tape drive product manual
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Summary of Contents for Seagate Travan 40 Tape Drive STT2401A

  • Page 1 ......STT2401A, STT3401A ....... Travan 40 tape drive .
  • Page 2 © 2002 Seagate Removable Storage Solutions LLC. All rights reserved Part Number 100249522 Seagate and the Seagate logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC. Other product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their owners. Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission from Seagate Removable Storage Solutions LLC.

  • Page 3: Fcc Notice

    FCC Notice This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used properly—that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions—may cause interference to radio communications or radio and television reception. It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Table of Contents Introduction Drive overview...1 Key features ...1 Typical system configurations...2 Minicartridge technology overview ...3 Flash EEPROM...4 References...4 Specifications Performance specifications...5 Recording Specifications ...5 Physical specifications ...6 Power supply specifications ...7 Current and power requirements...7 Power connector ...8 Environmental requirements ...8 Reliability...9 Mean-Time-Between-Failures ...9...
  • Page 5 Manual ejection...18 Setting the write-protect switch ...19 Drive maintenance...20 Caring for tape cartridges...20 Cleaning the drive read/write head...20 Troubleshooting ...21 Initial checks...21 No drive response, front panel LED does not light...21 Front panel LED blinks rapidly following power-up self-test...21 Drive does not come ready ...22 Motor starts to drive cartridge but stops immediately...22 Drive will not write but will read previously written tapes...22 Tape does not stream ...22...
  • Page 6 Table of Contents Page 31h—Special Information Definitions ...46 Page 33h—Special Information in STT31401A mode ...47 Page 33h—Special Information Definitions ...48 Page 3Eh—Report Check-Sum of FLASH-RAM (LOG SENSE only)...49 Page 3Eh—Report Check-Sum Definitions ...49 MODE SELECT (Group 0, Op. Code 15) ...51 CDB for MODE SELECT Command ...51 MODE SENSE (Group 0, Op.
  • Page 7 Tape partitioning ...114 Track positions ...114 Track numbering...115 Track format ...115 Frames ...115 Blocks...117 Tape reference servo pattern ...117 Write equalization ...118 Randomization...118 Theory of operations Overview...119 Block diagram ...119 Drive mechanisms ...120 Mechanics ...120 Cartridge-load mechanism ...120 Capstan/drive-motor assembly ...120 Chassis ...120 Control circuits ...120 Head design...121...

  • Page 9: Introduction

    Introduction Introduction Drive overview The Seagate® STT3401A and STT2401A extend the Seagate family of one-inch high Travan drives that feature high performance, high reliability, and quiet operation. The drives transfer data at up to 120 megabytes per minute (Mbytes/min) without compression.

  • Page 10: Typical System Configurations

    Chapter 1 With the availability of greater capacity disc drives and the growth of small networks, the need for cost-effective, high-capacity storage has grown. The STT3401A is ideal for standalone computers, workstations, and small networks. Figure 1 shows the STT3401A 3.5-inch internal drive. Figure 2 shows the STT2401A, which comes with brackets for mounting in 5.25-inch drive bays.

  • Page 11: Minicartridge Technology Overview

    Introduction Figure 3 Sample ATAPI configurations Minicartridge technology overview Having evolved from the original mass-storage medium—reel-to-reel, one-half-inch tape storage—the minicartridge technology of today offers fast, efficient, high- capacity storage in a compact, easily-removable hard-shell package. In little more than a decade, storage capacities have increased from some 60 megabytes (Mbytes) on 9 tracks (QIC-24, 1982) to the 40-Gbyte (compressed) capacity achievable with a single Travan 40 cartridge.

  • Page 12: Flash Eeprom

    Chapter 1 Flash EEPROM The Seagate Travan drives incorporate leading-edge technology in the flash EEPROM, which is useful should the drive's firmware need to be upgraded. With the permanently installed, electrically upgradeable, flash EEPROM memory, revised firmware for the drive can be loaded using a Seagate OEM firmware cartridge or through the host IDE bus.

  • Page 13: Specifications

    Specifications Specifications Performance specifications The following table lists the performance specifications for the Seagate STT2401A and STT3401A tape drives. Feature Capacity Sustained backup rate Tape speed Read/Write Fast Forward/Rewind Load time Unload time Recording Specifications Recording method Recording format Recording code Head configuration Recording media Cartridge size...

  • Page 14: Physical Specifications

    Chapter 2 Physical specifications The physical specifications of the STT3401A and STT2401A are listed in the following table. Specification Height Width Length Weight Figures 4 and 5 show the general dimensions of the 3.5-inch STT3401A (without mounting brackets) and the 5.25-inch STT2401A (with mounting brackets). Figure 4 STT3401A (3.5-inch mount) general dimensions Page 6...

  • Page 15: Power Supply Specifications

    Specifications Figure 5 STT2401A (5.25-inch mount) general dimensions Power supply specifications The following table lists the power supply requirements for the Travan 40 drives. Power specifications are measured at the tape drive power connector and are nominal values. Current and power requirements Specification Voltage tolerance Current requirements...

  • Page 16: Power Connector

    Chapter 2 Power use Power connector The following table lists pin assignments for the power connector for the drive. Environmental requirements The following table lists the environmental specifications for the Seagate STT2401A and STT3401A. All specifications apply to the drive mechanism unless otherwise noted.

  • Page 17: Reliability

    Specifications Shock (1/2 sine wave) Acoustic level operational (A-wt sum) Shock (1/2 sine wave) Reliability The STT3401A is designed for maximum reliability and data integrity. The following table summarizes the reliability specifications. Feature Non-recoverable (hard) error rate Correctable (soft) error rate Error recovery and control methods Mean-Time-Between-Failures...

  • Page 18: Tape Compatibility

    Chapter 2 be returned to the factory in its original packaging. Contact your distributor, dealer, your computer system company, or your Seagate sales representative to arrange the return. Tape compatibility The table below summarizes the types of tape cartridges that can be used with the Seagate Travan 40 drives.

  • Page 19: Installation

    Specifications Install the drive in an enclosure that limits the user's access to live parts, gives adequate system stability, and provides the necessary grounding for the drive. Provide the correct voltages (+5V DC and +12V DC) based on the regulation applied—Extra Low Voltage (SEC) for UL and CSA and Safety Extra Low Voltage for BSI and VDE (if applicable).
  • Page 20 Chapter 4 Before installing the Seagate Travan 40 drive make sure that the jumpers are properly configured for your system. Figure 6 shows the location of the jumper block, as well as master/slave jumper settings for various configurations. Note: Record your jumper settings prior to installation. The jumpers are not visible after the drive has been installed.

  • Page 21: Installing The Drive

    Drive operation and maintenance Installing the drive The STT3401A can be installed in a one-half-inch high by 3.5-inch form factor drive bay or in a one-inch high by 5.25-inch form factor (with mounting brackets). The drive can be installed in three different orientations: horizontally (LED to the left) and vertically (on either side).

  • Page 22: Mounting Dimensions

    Chapter 4 6. Secure the drive using the mounting screws. The threaded mounting brackets are designed for M3.0 metric screws. If you are mounting the drive in a 3.5-inch bay, use the screw supplied with the drive. Do not substitute other screws. Using longer screws may damage the drive.
  • Page 23 Drive operation and maintenance Figure 8 Mounting holes on STT3401A (without mounting brackets) Figure 9 Mounting holes on STT2401A (with mounting bracket Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Chapter 4 Page 15...

  • Page 24: Drive Operation And Maintenance

    Chapter 4 Drive operation and maintenance Introduction This chapter describes important operational procedures for the STT3401A and STT2401A. It covers the following topics: The front panel LED (Drive Activity Light/Eject Button) Using Travan 40 cartridges Drive maintenance and troubleshooting instructions. Loading revised firmware (updating flash EEPROM) Front panel LED As shown in Figure 10, the front panel of the Travan 40 drive contains the cartridge...

  • Page 25: Using Travan Cartridges

    Drive operation and maintenance Using Travan cartridges The minicartridges recommended for use with the Travan 40 drive are listed in Chapter 2. This section describes some operations using the cartridges. Loading cartridges Your tape drive has a flip-up door that covers the cartridge opening when a tape cartridge is not installed in the drive.

  • Page 26: Emergency Cartridge Removal

    Chapter 4 Figure 12 Unloading a Tape cartridge After removing the cartridge from the drive, place the cartridge in its protective case and store it in a cool, dry location. Emergency cartridge removal Forcing cartridge ejection If the drive will not eject a cartridge during normal operation, but you still have power to the drive, try the following steps to force the drive to eject the cartridge: Remove power from the drive.

  • Page 27: Setting The Write-Protect Switch

    Drive operation and maintenance Caution. Setting the write-protect switch Travan minicartridges feature a sliding write protect tab located in the upper left corner of the cartridge. You can set the tab to keep data from being written on the tape. Use this switch when you want to make sure that important data on the tape will not be overwritten.

  • Page 28: Drive Maintenance

    Chapter 4 Drive maintenance Minimal maintenance is needed to ensure that your Travan 40 drive operates at peak condition. This section explains how to care for tape cartridges, how to clean the drive head, and what to do if you experience problems with the drive. Caring for tape cartridges Although Travan tape cartridges are ruggedly built, they must be handled with care to preserve the data they contain.

  • Page 29: Troubleshooting

    Drive operation and maintenance the drive immediately if you observe an increase in the number of errors while running your backup software, or if a TapeAlert cleaning message is displayed. With the newer generation of Travan tape drive heads used in these drives, only the dry-process cleaning cartridge method is recommended.

  • Page 30: Drive Does Not Come Ready

    Chapter 4 Drive does not come ready Insure the cartridge is properly oriented and fully inserted. Insure the cartridge is not broken and the tape appears in good condition. Motor starts to drive cartridge but stops immediately Check the cartridge for tape run-off, or excessive torque. Replace cartridge if required.

  • Page 31: Drive Not Seen During Boot-Up

    Drive operation and maintenance Drive not seen during boot-up Ensure that 5/12 volt power is plugged into tape drive. Insert tape: – If soft load receives tape and tape movement back and forth occurs—power is – If no tape movement occurs—power down system and use power plug from other device such as CD-ROM.

  • Page 32: Bad Blocks," Media Errors, Etc

    Chapter 4 Hard disc problems can also cause system lock up. Run a hard disc diagnostic utility such as CHKDSK or SCANDISK and repair any error it might find. Not enough system resources or a misbehaving memory resident program may cause erratic system behavior.

  • Page 33: Loading Revised Firmware Via Seagate Firmware Cartridge

    Drive operation and maintenance Use Stdiag to perform a write/read test. Retension the tape with Stdiag program. The Stdiag write/read test will overwrite data on the tape. Set “Test Size” to minimum of 100MB. – If test write/read fails—replace tape with new tape and retry backup. –...
  • Page 34 Chapter 4 If after a repeat loading of the firmware cartridge the same condition is observed, contact your Seagate sales representative. Firmware upgrade cartridges are available to qualified Seagate OEM customers. Contact your Seagate sales representative for information. Page 26 Drive operation and maintenance Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual...

  • Page 35: Atapi Interface

    ATAPI Interface ATAPI interface Introduction The Seagate Travan 40 drives come with an ATA Packet Interface (ATAPI) controller for communications between the host computer and the drive. The drive supports the QIC-157 standard interface. Note: This chapter clarifies the use of several ATA-2 signals and ATAPI commands that are either vague or optional in the QIC-157 specification.

  • Page 36: Atapi Commands

    Chapter 5 ATAPI commands This section describes the ATAPI commands as implemented by the STT2401A and ST3401A. The table below lists the commands in the order of their Operation Code, and identifies the page number where the command is described in this manual. Op Code (Hex) Page 28 Assignment...

  • Page 37: Specification Compliance

    ATAPI Interface Op Code (Hex) Specification compliance The STT3401A complies with the following specifications. Where conflicts occur, the first listed document takes priority. This product description manual QIC-157 revision D Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Command MODE SELECT RELEASE UNIT ERASE MODE SENSE LOAD / UNLOAD...

  • Page 38: Erase (Group 0, Op. Code 19)

    Chapter 5 ERASE (Group 0, Op. Code 19) The ERASE command will erase the entire tape if the tape is positioned at BOT. Both the Directory and the Data Partitions will be erased. If the drive is in the Directory Partition when the ERASE command is received, the drive will remain in the Directory Partition after the operation is completed.

  • Page 39: Inquiry (Group 0, Op. Code 12)

    ATAPI Interface INQUIRY (Group 0, Op. Code 12) The INQUIRY command allows the Host to determine the configuration of the tape drive connected to the bus. CDB for INQUIRY Command Byte Allocation Length: This field may specify up to 54 bytes (36h) of data to be sent to the Host.
  • Page 40 Chapter 5 ANSI Version: This field indicates the ANSI compliance level. A value of 001b indicates compliance with SCSI Standard X3.131-1986. A value of 010b indicates compliance with QIC-121 (SCSI-2). TrmIOP: Terminate I/O message is supported. The Term I/O bit shall be set to 1. Response Data Format: This field will have a value of 2h to indicate compliance with the QIC-121 (SCSI-2) inquiry data format, or a value of 1h to indicate the SCSI-1 option has been selected.

  • Page 41: Load/Unload (Group 0, Op. Code 1B)

    ATAPI Interface LOAD/UNLOAD (Group 0, Op. Code 1B) This command has three functions. To position (LOAD) a tape cartridge to BOT To eject (UNLOAD) a cartridge To retension the installed cartridge in conjunction with a Load/Unload operation Note. While loading or unloading, the LED blinks slowly. When an UNLOAD command is received, if the previous WRITE command terminated with a Check Condition, any buffered data that cannot be written to tape will be lost.
  • Page 42 Chapter 5 LOAD/UNLOAD Command (EOT, RET and LOA Bits) Initial State Loaded, Ready Loaded, Ready Loaded, Ready Loaded, Ready Loaded, Ready Loaded, Ready Unloaded, NR Unloaded, NR Unloaded, NR Additional Sense Bits: CNI—Cartridge Not in Place, WP—Cartridge Write Protected, EOM—End-of-Media, BOM—Beginning-Of-Media. NOTE: Log Select page 32h (byte 17h bit 4) defines the action of the UNLOAD command.

  • Page 43: Locate (Group 1, Op. Code 2B)

    ATAPI Interface LOCATE (Group 1, Op. Code 2B) The LOCATE command causes the target to position the logical unit to the specified block address in a specified partition. Upon completion, the logical position will be before the specified location so that the specified block will be the next to be read, or will be the append point if it follows an “Appendable Point”...

  • Page 44: Log Select (Group 2, Code 4C)

    Chapter 5 LOG SELECT (Group 2, Code 4C) The LOG SELECT command provides a means for the Initiator to manage statistical information maintained by the tape drive about itself. CDB for LOG SELECT Command Byte PCR: The Parameter Code Reset (PCR) bit shall be set to 1 with the parameter list length equal to 0 to reset CERTAIN FIELDS OF Log Sense Page 03h (see their respective definitions).

  • Page 45: Log Sense (Group 2, Op. Code 4D)

    ATAPI Interface LOG SENSE (Group 2, Op. Code 4D) The LOG SENSE command provides a means for the Initiator to retrieve statistical information maintained by the tape drive about the tape drive. CDB for LOG SENSE Command Byte PPC: The Parameter Pointer Control (PPC) bit shall be set to 0 with the Parameter Pointer field 0.

  • Page 46: Page 00H-Supported Log Page

    Chapter 5 Page 00h—Supported Log Page Byte Supported Log Page: The Supported Log Page provides a list of supported log pages other than itself. Bytes 4-9 are coded as shown, indicating the valid page codes. Code Page 03h—Error Counter for READ (ATAPI) Byte Total Blocks Recovered by ECC Page 38...

  • Page 47: Page 03-Error Counter For Read Definitions

    ATAPI Interface NOTE: (Total Blocks Recovered by ECC) + Total Errors Corrected = Total Blocks Read Page 03—Error Counter for READ definitions Byte Page Code Reserved 02-03 Additional Page Length 04-05 Parameter Code Parameter Length 08-09 Total Re-Reads … 0E-10 Total Errors Corrected …...

  • Page 48: Page 2Eh-Tapealert Diagnostic

    Chapter 5 Note: Fields marked with PCR. Page 2Eh—TapeAlert Diagnostic Byte 5n-1 5n+1 5n+2 5n+3 Value of Flag (set when bit 0 = 1) TapeAlert Diagnostic page conforms to TapeAlert Specification 2.0. This page is supported when LOG SELECT page 32, byte 17, bit 7 is set to enable TapeAlert Diagnostic reporting.
  • Page 49 ATAPI Interface Drive hardware defects Worn out media or wrong media Expired cleaning tapes Abnormal error conditions The TapeAlert information is accessed via a Log Sense page, and configuration is via a MODE SELECT page. The Mode Sense/Select configuration of the TapeAlert interface is compatible with the SMART diagnostic standard for disc drives.
  • Page 50 Chapter 5 NOTE: When a flag is cleared by reading the TapeAlert Log page, a flag cannot be set again until the error condition is removed (e.g., the specified corrective action has been taken). So, for example, if the cartridge in the drive is not data grade, once flag 8 has been cleared by the Host software reading the Log page it cannot be set again until the cartridge has been removed.
  • Page 51 ATAPI Interface Flag Type supplier helpline. Media Life The tape cartridge has reached the end of its calculated useful life: 1. Copy any data you need to another tape 2. Discard the old tape. Write Protect You are trying to write to a write-protected cartridge.
  • Page 52 Chapter 5 Flag Type 3. Restart the operation. Hardware B The tape drive has a hardware fault: 1. Turn the tape drive off and on again. 2. Restart the operation. 3. If the problem persists, call the tape drive supplier helpline. Check the tape drive users manual for device-specific instructions on turning the device power on and off.

  • Page 53: Page 31H-Tape Capacity Page

    ATAPI Interface Page 31h—Tape Capacity Page Byte Remaining Capacity Data Partition Remaining Capacity Directory Partition Maximum Capacity Data Partition Maximum Capacity Directory Partition Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Data Bits Page Code Additional Page Length Parameter Code Parameter Length Parameter Code Parameter Length Parameter Code Parameter Length...

  • Page 54: Page 31H-Special Information

    Chapter 5 Page 31h—Special Information Byte Page 31h—Special Information Definitions Byte Page Code Reserved Additional Page Length 02-03 Parameter Code 04-05 Parameter Length 08-13 Unit Serial Number Page 46 Data Bits Page Code Additional Page Length Parameter Code Parameter Length Unit Serial Number Set to 31h.

  • Page 55: Page 33H-Special Information In Stt31401A Mode

    ATAPI Interface Page 33h—Special Information in STT31401A mode Byte Time Since Last Cleaning Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Data Bits Page Code Additional Page Length Parameter Code Parameter Length Unit Serial Number Parameter Code Parameter Length Cartridge Insertions Parameter Code Parameter Length Tape Moved Parameter Code...

  • Page 56: H-Special Information Definitions

    Chapter 5 Byte Longest Time Between Cleanings Cleaning Interval (in Minutes) Page 33h—Special Information Definitions Byte Page Code Reserved 02-03 Additional Page Length 04-05 Parameter Code Parameter Length 08-13 Unit Serial Number … 18-1A Cartridge Insertions … Page 48 Data Bits Parameter Length (in Minutes) Parameter Code...

  • Page 57: Eh-Report Check-Sum Of Flash-Ram (Log Sense Only)

    ATAPI Interface 1F-22 Tape Moved … 27-28 Number of Cleanings … 2D-30 Time Since Last Cleaning … 35-38 Longest Time Between Cleanings … Cleaning Interval Note: Fields on page 33h are not reset on power cycle. Page 3Eh—Report Check-Sum of FLASH-RAM (LOG SENSE only) Byte Page 3Eh—Report Check-Sum Definitions Byte...
  • Page 58 Chapter 5 Parameter Length Existing Check-Sum Calculated Check-Sum NOTE: When the existing and calculated check sums are equal, the firmware load was successful. NOTE: The existing check sum is saved into EEPROM. Page 50 follows. The Disable Update bit must be set to 0, indicating the drive updates parameter values for all events.

  • Page 59: Mode Select (Group 0, Op. Code 15)

    ATAPI Interface MODE SELECT (Group 0, Op. Code 15) The Host issues the MODE SELECT command to establish certain drive parameters. These parameters are sent to the drive as data. The parameters established by this command are not unique to the Initiator issuing the command. If a second Initiator changes the parameters at any time, these new parameters are used for all Hosts communicating with the drive.
  • Page 60 Chapter 5 cause of the error. While writing, the drive will revert to Unbuffered Mode when Logical Early Warning (LEW) is reached. A REWIND issued at this point will cause the drive to rewind to BOT and return to Buffered Mode. Speed Code: The values of speed codes are given in the table below.
  • Page 61 ATAPI Interface Page Code 01h—Error Recovery and Reporting Parameters Byte TB: A Transfer Block bit of 1 indicates that a data block not recovered in a READ operation within the recovery limits specified shall be transferred to the Initiator. A TB bit of 0 indicates that the failing data block shall not be transferred to the Initiator.
  • Page 62 Chapter 5 Page Code 10h—Device Configuration Parameters Byte Read Buffer Empty Ratio RSMK EOD Defined Buffer Size At Early Warning Additional Page Length: Set to 0Eh to specify the length of the Device Configuration page. CAP: Change Active Partition bit, set to 1, will set the logical partition to the one specified by the active partition field.
  • Page 63 ATAPI Interface Write Delay Time: This field indicates the maximum time, in 100 millisecond increments, that the drive shall retain buffered data without subsequent write or synchronizing commands before forcing it to the media. Filler blocks containing invalid filler data required to fill out ECC frames will accompany data forced to tape. A value of 00 00h indicates data will never be forced to tape.
  • Page 64 Chapter 5 EEG: Enable EOD Generation—When set to 1, this bit indicates that the logical unit shall generate the appropriate EOD area, as determined by the EOD Defined field. A value of 0 indicates that EOD generation is disabled. 1 is the value supported. This field is non-changeable.
  • Page 65 ATAPI Interface Media Format Recognition field is intended for use by the MODE SENSE command, in which it is set to 03h, indicating that the drive is capable of recognizing the format and partition of the tape automatically. This is per QIC-157D, table 5-45. This field is ignored in MODE SELECT commands.
  • Page 66 Chapter 5 reported in the method specified by the MRIE value, except with the additional Sense Code set to 0x5DFF. If both the Test and Dexcpt bits are set to 1 and Test Flag Number set to 0, then the MODE SELECT command will return Check Condition, with Sense Key set to Illegal Request and extended sense set to Invalid Field in Parameter List.
  • Page 67 ATAPI Interface MRIE (Default set to 0x3): This field indicates the method used by the target to report informational exception conditions (note that this is standard SCSI terminology and is not related in any way to the “Information” severity level for the flags). The priority of reporting informational exception conditions is vendor specific.
  • Page 68 Chapter 5 0×6: Only report informational exception condition on request. This method instructs the device server to preserve information exception(s) information. To find out about information exception conditions the application client polls the device server by issuing an unsolicited REQUEST SENSE command. The Sense Key shall be set to No Sense and the additional Sense Code shall indicate the cause of the informational exception condition (which is 5D00 for a TapeAlert event).

  • Page 69: Mode Sense (Group 0, Op. Code 1A)

    ATAPI Interface MODE SENSE (Group 0, Op. Code 1A) The MODE SENSE command provides the Host with information pertaining to the configuration of the drive. The drive does not disconnect from the Initiator while executing this command. CDB for MODE SENSE Command Byte DBD—Disable Block Descriptor: A DBD bit of 0 will enable transfer of the block descriptor.
  • Page 70 Chapter 5 Page Code Refer to MODE SELECT command for a description of the Parameter Pages. Allocation Length: This field specifies the number of bytes requested from the Parameter List. A maximum of 12 (0Ch) may be returned. When set to 0, no bytes are transferred and this is not considered an error.
  • Page 71 ATAPI Interface Speed Code: Speed code values are listed in the table below. The Speed Code may be set explicitly by MODE SELECT command, or implicitly when AVC ( Auto- Throttle) is set to 1 (bit 4, byte 8 of page code 10h). If AVC is set to 1, MODE SENSE will report the actual speed selected to optimize data throughput.
  • Page 72 Chapter 5 Page Code 2A Capabilities and Mechanical Status Page Byte Rsvd Rsvd Rsvd Rsvd Rsvd CMPRS Rsvd Rsvd Rsvd Rsvd Maximum Speed Supported (in KBps) Continuous Transfer Limit (in blocks) Current Speed Selected (in KBps) Buffer Size (in 512 byte units) NOTE: 1) These values may change depending on cartridge type and drive status.
  • Page 73 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 PREVENT: If the PREVENT bit is set, the device defaults to the Prevent state after power-up. LOCKED: If the LOCKED bit is set, the volume is locked. LOCK: If the LOCK bit is set, the device supports locking the volume using the PREVENT/ALLOW MEDIA REMOVAL command.

  • Page 74: Prevent/Allow Media Removal (Group 0, Op. Code 1E)

    Chapter 5 PREVENT/ALLOW MEDIA REMOVAL (Group 0, Op. Code 1E) This command is used to prevent or allow the removal of the tape cartridge. CDB for PREVENT/ALLOW MEDIA REMOVAL Command Byte PRE: When set to 0, an ALLOW command is indicated. Following this command, cartridge unloading via the front panel Eject button or the UNLOAD command is allowed.

  • Page 75: Read (Group 0, Op. Code 08)

    ATAPI Interface READ (Group 0, Op. Code 08) The READ command transfers the specified amount of data from the tape drive to the Initiator. The command terminates when one of the following conditions occurs: The Transfer length specified in the CDB has been satisfied. A Filemark or Setmark has been read.
  • Page 76 Chapter 5 READ process (e.g., REWIND). See REQUEST SENSE, bytes 14-15 and LOG SENSE, Page 3. Data Under-Run Counter: This counter is incremented each time a buffer overrun causes the tape to reposition. The counter is cleared when the READ process is terminated.

  • Page 77: Read Buffer (Group 1, Op. Code 3C)

    ATAPI Interface READ BUFFER (Group 1, Op. Code 3C) The READ BUFFER command will cause the contents of the drive’s data buffer to be returned to the Host and is intended to be used in conjunction with the WRITE BUFFER command as a Diagnostic tool. Using Buffer I.D. and Buffer Offset, the data transfer may be started from any location in the buffer.
  • Page 78 Chapter 5 READ BUFFER Header (Mode 00h) Byte Buffer Capacity: This field specifies the total number of bytes in the drive’s buffer. Page 70 Data Bits Buffer Capacity ATAPI Interface Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual...

  • Page 79: Read Position (Group 1, Op. Code 34)

    ATAPI Interface READ POSITION (Group 1, Op. Code 34) The READ POSITION command reports the current position of the logical unit and any data blocks in the buffer. No tape movement shall occur as a result of the command. The drive may disconnect during this command. CDB for READ POSITION Command Byte BT: The Block Address Type bit determines the reporting method of the block...
  • Page 80 Chapter 5 BOP: The Beginning Of Partition bit, if set to 1, indicates that the logical unit is at the beginning-of-partition in the current partition. EOP: The End Of Partition bit, if set to 1, indicates that the logical unit is at the end- of-partition in the current partition.

  • Page 81: Request Sense (Group 0, Op. Code 03)

    ATAPI Interface REQUEST SENSE (Group 0, Op. Code 03) Information pertinent to the completion of a command is obtained by the REQUEST SENSE command. Although a REQUEST SENSE command may be issued at any time, it is typically issued immediately following a command that has resulted in a Check Condition (Status 02h).
  • Page 82 Chapter 5 Byte Data Overrun/Under-run Counter Tape Module Error Code (High Byte) Tape Module Error Code (Low Byte) – AVF: Address Valid Flag. When the AVF is 1, the Sense Information (bytes 3-6) contains valid information. FM: When the Filemark bit is set to 1, a Filemark has been encountered during a read operation.
  • Page 83 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Command Specific Information: This field contains information that depends on the command that was last executed. Further meaning for this field is defined within the command description. Additional Sense Code & Qualifier: Specifies detailed information related to the additional Sense Code.

  • Page 84: Request Sense Keys

    Chapter 5 Code Filemark Count: This is the number of Filemarks encountered since the tape was last at BOM. This counter is not reset by a REQUEST SENSE command, but is reset when tape is positioned back to BOM. Physical Block Number: The number of the next physical block to be read/written by the Host.

  • Page 85: Sense Code (Asc) And Asc Qualifier Assignments

    ATAPI Interface Sense Key (hex value) Sense Code (ASC) and ASC Qualifier Assignments Sense Key Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Type Meaning not the same as the physical EOM. Vendor This Sense Key is available for reporting vendor unique conditions (Not Used). Unique Copy A COPY command was aborted due to an error on the...
  • Page 86 Chapter 5 Sense Key Page 78 ASCQ Meaning Hardware error occurred Fan error SCSI parity error non-command state SCSI parity error in command state Attempted to erase tape when not at BOT Invalid CDB opcode Invalid LBA Invalid function requested Invalid data byte in CDB Invalid LUN Invalid parameter in data...
  • Page 87 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Sense Key ASCQ Meaning Physical end of medium detected Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Page 79...

  • Page 88: Rewind (Group 0, Op Code 01)

    Chapter 5 REWIND (Group 0, Op Code 01) When operating in single partition mode, the REWIND command causes the drive to rewind the tape to the physical Beginning-Of-Partition (BOP) or load point. CDB for REWIND command Byte IMM—Immediate: Not applicable for ATAPI drives Application Note: When Writing in Buffered Mode, the target shall discard any buffered data after a REWIND command is validated if the previous command was terminated with a Check Condition status, and the drive is unable to write the data to...

  • Page 89: Send Diagnostic (Group 0, Code 1D)

    ATAPI Interface SEND DIAGNOSTIC (Group 0, Code 1D) The SEND DIAGNOSTIC command requests the target to perform diagnostic tests on it. Except when the Self-Test bit is one, this command is usually followed by a Receive Diagnostic Results command. CDB for SEND DIAGNOSTIC command Byte Parameter List Length: The Parameter List must be set to 0.

  • Page 90: Space (Group 0, Op. Code 11)

    Chapter 5 SPACE (Group 0, Op. Code 11) The SPACE command provides a means of positioning the tape forward or reverse of the current position. The command can space over data blocks, filemarks, sequential filemarks, or to the End-of-Data. CDB for SPACE command Byte DFE—Data, Filemarks, End-of-Data: The DFE field determines the type of blocks to be spaced over.
  • Page 91 ATAPI Interface If Logical Early Warning is encountered, the command continues to normal completion, then reports Check Condition with No Sense and EOM set in the Sense Data. NOTE: If RSMK is set in Mode Data Page 10h, Byte 8, Bit 5, Set Marks will be Spacing Over Consecutive Filemark Blocks: The number of consecutive filemarks to be spaced over is specified in the Count Field.

  • Page 92: Test Unit Ready (Group 0, Op Code 00)

    Chapter 5 TEST UNIT READY (Group 0, Op Code 00) This command performs a test to ensure that the tape drive is ready and a tape cartridge is installed. TEST UNIT READY does not initiate the internal diagnostic self-test. The drive does not disconnect during execution of this command. CDB for TEST UNIT READY command Byte Page 84...

  • Page 93: Verify (Group 0, Op. Code 13)

    ATAPI Interface VERIFY (Group 0, Op. Code 13) The VERIFY command performs a Verification Check on a specified number of data blocks on the tape without involving the Host. Verification starts at the present position of the tape and continues for the specified number of blocks. If a data block cannot be verified by CRC recovery then ECC and read retries will be employed in an attempt to recover the data.

  • Page 94: Write (Group 0, Op. Code 0A)

    Chapter 5 WRITE (Group 0, Op. Code 0A) The WRITE command transfers the specified amount of data from the Initiator to the tape drive. A rewind or other Write process terminating command (e.g., WRITE FILEMARK with length set to 0) must be issued after the last write command to allow the drive to finish writing all buffered data.

  • Page 95: Write Buffer (Group 1, Op. Code 3B)

    ATAPI Interface WRITE BUFFER (Group 1, Op. Code 3B) The WRITE BUFFER command is used in conjunction with the READ BUFFER command as a diagnostic tool or for downloading firmware. This command tests the ATAPI Bus and the drive’s Data Buffer. The tape is not affected. Using Buffer ID and Buffer Offset, data can be placed in any location in the buffer.
  • Page 96 Chapter 5 Buffer Offset: This field specifies where the first data byte received from the Host is to be placed in the Buffer specified by the Buffer ID field. Values greater than 07FFh will give Check Condition, Illegal Request. Transfer Length: This field specifies the number of bytes to be written into the Buffer by the Host.

  • Page 97: Write Filemark (Group 0, Op. Code 10)

    ATAPI Interface WRITE FILEMARK (Group 0, Op. Code 10) This command writes a specified number of Filemark blocks to the tape. CDB for WRITE FILEMARK command Byte WSMK—Write Setmarks: This bit must be set to 0. Writing Setmarks is not supported.
  • Page 98 Chapter 5 be avoided by simply insuring the cartridge is removed from the drive following any WRITE or WRITE FILEMARK operations Page 90 ATAPI Interface Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual...

  • Page 99: Ata Command Descriptions

    ATAPI Interface ATA Command Descriptions The following ATA commands are supported. General Feature Set EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC IDENTIFY DEVICE SET FEATURES ATAPI Feature Set ATAPI ‘DEVICE’ RESET IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE PACKET Power Management Feature Set CHECK POWER MODE IDLE IDLE IMMEDIATE SLEEP STANDBY STANDBY IMMEDIATE...
  • Page 100 Chapter 5 Opcode (Hex) Page 92 Command IDLE CHECK POWER MODE SLEEP IDENTIFY DEVICE SET FEATURES Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual ATAPI Interface Ref. page...

  • Page 101: Check Power Mode (Ata Command E5)

    ATAPI Interface CHECK POWER MODE (ATA Command E5) The CHECK POWER MODE command allows the Host to determine the power mode of the selected device. The device does not disconnect from the bus while executing this command. Host Taskfile Registers—Inputs Host Taskfile Register Features...

  • Page 102: Device Reset (Ata Command 08)

    Chapter 5 DEVICE RESET (ATA Command 08) The Device Reset command enables the Host to reset an individual device without affecting the other device on the same IDE cable. This command shall be accepted when BSY or DRQ is set to one, DRDY is cleared to 0, or DMARQ is asserted. This command shall be accepted when in Sleep mode.

  • Page 103: Execute Device Diagnostic (Ata Command 90)

    ATAPI Interface EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC (ATA Command 90) This command shall perform the internal diagnostic tests implemented by the device. The DEV bit in the Device/Head register is ignored. Both devices, if present, shall execute this command regardless of which device is selected. If the Host issues an EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC command while a device is in or going to a power management mode except Sleep, then the device shall execute its EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC sequence.
  • Page 104 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Code: When this code is in the Error register of Device 0: Code (hex) 00, 02-7F 80, 82-FF When this code is in the Error register of Device 1: Code (hex) 00, 02-7F 80, 82-FF Page 96 Device 0 Meaning Device 1 Meaning Failed.

  • Page 105: Identify Device (Ata Command Ec)

    ATAPI Interface IDENTIFY DEVICE (ATA Command EC) This command allows an ATA (not ATAPI) device to report its capabilities to the Host. Since this device supports the PACKET feature set, this command will be aborted. Host Taskfile Registers—Inputs Host Taskfile Register Features Sector Count...

  • Page 106: Identify Packet Device (Ata Command A1)

    Chapter 5 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE (ATA Command A1) This command allows an ATAPI (not ATA) device to report its capabilities to the Host. The data returned are very extensive and detailed. Please refer to the ATA-4 document for complete details. Many details that are not relevant to this device have been omitted.
  • Page 107 ATAPI Interface Host Taskfile Registers—Outputs Host Taskfile Register Error rsvd tag type (not supported) Sector Count Sector Number Byte Count High Byte Count Device/Head rsvd Status IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE Data Returned to Host Starting Offset Word(s) (hex) General configuration bit-significant information: 15-14 10=ATAPI device 12-8 reserved...
  • Page 108 Chapter 5 Starting Offset Word(s) (hex) Capabilities: 1=interleaved DMA support 1=command queuing supported 1=overlap operation supported 1=ATA software reset required (obsolete) 1=IORDY supported (must be set if device supports 1=IORDY may be disabled (via the SET FEATURES 1=LBA supported 0=DMA supported vendor specific reserved 15-8...
  • Page 109 ATAPI Interface Starting Offset Word(s) (hex) 15-0 15-0 73-74 reserved Queue depth (not supported) 15-5 76-70 reserved Major version number 15-5 Minor version number 000Fh =ATA/ATAPI-4 T13 1153D revision 7 Command and feature sets supported. If words 82 and 83=0000h or FFFFh, then command set notification is not supported.
  • Page 110 Chapter 5 Starting Offset Word(s) (hex) Command and feature sets enabled. If words 82 and 83=0000h or FFFFh, then command set notification is not enabled. 15 1=IDENTIFY DEVICE DMA command is enabled 14 1=NOP command is enabled 13 1=READ BUFFER command is enabled 12 1=WRITE BUFFER command is enabled 11 1=WRITE VERIFY command is enabled 10 1=Host Protected Area feature set is enabled...
  • Page 111 ATAPI Interface Starting Offset Word(s) (hex) Hardware reset result. The contents of bits 12-0 of this word shall change only during the execution of a hardware reset. 94-126 Reserved Removable Media Status Notification feature set support Security status 129-159 vendor specific Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Description of Contents Shall be cleared to zero.
  • Page 112 Chapter 5 Starting Offset Word(s) (hex) CFA power mode 1 161-175 Reserved for assignment by the CompactFlash Association 176-254 Reserved Integrity word Page 104 Description of Contents Word 160 supported Reserved CFA power mode 1 is required for one or more commands implemented by the device CFA power mode 1 disabled 11-0...

  • Page 113: Idle (Ata Command E3)

    ATAPI Interface IDLE (ATA Command E3) This command is accepted but performs no function. This command normally allows the Host to place the device in Idle mode using the standby timer. INTRQ is asserted even though the device may not have fully transitioned to Idle mode. If the Sector Count register is non-0, then the Standby timer shall be enabled.

  • Page 114: Idle Immediate (Ata Command E1)

    Chapter 5 IDLE IMMEDIATE (ATA Command E1) This command is accepted but performs no function. This command allows the Host to immediately place the device in Idle mode. INTRQ is asserted even though the device may not have fully transitioned to Idle mode. Host Taskfile Registers—Inputs Host Taskfile Register...

  • Page 115: Nop (Ata Command 00)

    ATAPI Interface NOP (ATA Command 00) This command allows a Host that only performs 16-bit register accesses, to check device status. If this command is supported, the drive shall respond, as it does to an unrecognized command by setting the ABRT bit to 1 in the Error register, setting the Error bit in the Status Register, clearing the BSY to 0 in the Status Register, and asserting INTRQ signal.

  • Page 116: Packet (Ata Command A0)

    Chapter 5 PACKET (ATA Command A0) The PACKET command is used to transfer a device command via a command packet. See the section ATAPI Packet Protocol, above for details. Page 108 ATAPI Interface Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual...

  • Page 117: Set Features (Ata Command Ef)

    ATAPI Interface SET FEATURES (ATA Command EF) This command is used by the Host to establish parameters that affect the execution of certain device features. At power on, or after a hardware reset, the default setting of the functions specified by the subcommands are vendor specific.
  • Page 118 Chapter 5 Host Taskfile Register Error rsvd tag type (not supported) Sector Count Sector Number Byte Count High Byte Count Device/Head rsvd Status Page 110 ABRT rsvd SAM LUN (not used) rsvd Corr ATAPI Interface rsvd 40 or 50 Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual...

  • Page 119: Sleep (Ata Command E6)

    ATAPI Interface SLEEP (ATA Command E6) This command provides the only way for the device to enter Sleep mode. It causes the device to set the BSY bit to one, prepare to enter Sleep mode, clear the BSY bit to 0 and assert INTRQ. The Host shall read the Status register in order to clear the interrupt and allow the device to enter Sleep mode.

  • Page 120: Standby (Ata Command E2)

    Chapter 5 STANDBY (ATA Command E2) This command is accepted but performs no function. This command causes the device to enter the Standby mode. If the Sector Count register is non-0, then the Standby timer shall be enabled. The value in the Sector Count register shall be used to determine the time programmed into the Standby timer.

  • Page 121: Standby Immediate (Ata Command E0)

    ATAPI Interface STANDBY IMMEDIATE (ATA Command E0) This command is accepted but performs no function. This command causes the device to immediately enter the Standby mode. Host Taskfile Registers—Inputs Host Taskfile Register Features Sector Count Sector Number Byte Count High Byte Count Device/Head rsvd...

  • Page 122: Travan 40 Tape Format

    Chapter 6 Travan 40 tape format Introduction The Seagate Travan 40 drives conform to the Travan 640 and the QIC-3220-MC recording format standards. These formats are for streaming magnetic tape in a minicartridge that is to be used for information interchange among information processing systems, communication systems, and associated equipment.

  • Page 123: Track Numbering

    Travan 40 tape format The tracks and bands are arranged to allow approximately constant distance between all sequential tracks. Band 1 is located nearest the bottom edge of tape. Band 2 is located above band 1. Continuing up sequentially is band 3 and band 4 (nearest the top edge of tape).
  • Page 124 Chapter 6 Frames are numbered indirectly using the 26 most significant bits of the Physical Block Address. Frame operation is controlled by the drive and generally invisible to the host. Frames are used primarily as a means to control the error correction operations.

  • Page 125: Blocks

    Travan 40 tape format Blocks Information in the Block Control byte determines the type of block being recorded except for ECC blocks, which are recognized by their block numbers. Also, information about the number of user data bytes available in each data block is recorded in the Block Control byte of the block.

  • Page 126: Write Equalization

    Chapter 6 Write equalization The drive uses the technique of write equalization. Write equalization inserts short pulses in the write current to break up the long spacing intervals. These pulses are too short to be detected in the read process but result in significant improvement in read-back resolution.

  • Page 127: Theory Of Operations

    Theory of operations Theory of operations Overview The Seagate Travan 40 drives provide a low-cost, high-performance minicartridge backup system that is ideal for stand-alone users or small network computer systems. With capacities of 20.0 Gbytes to 40.0 Gbytes dependent upon media and data compression, this drive offers quick, efficient backup and restore operations.

  • Page 128: Drive Mechanisms

    Chapter 7 Drive mechanisms This section generally describes the hardware design features of the Seagate Travan 40 drive. You may want to refer to the block diagrams referenced previously as you read this information. Mechanics The mechanical package for the Travan 40 drive was designed to provide you with all the advantages of easy cartridge loading and unloading while maintaining the positioning accuracy necessary for high-density data recording.

  • Page 129: Head Design

    Theory of operations The 8-Mbyte DRAM data buffer allows the drive to maintain streaming when the host cannot provide data continuously at the tape-streaming rate. The write driver receives data from the write formatter and generates write current, causing data to be written on tape by the tape head. The read channel amplifies and conditions the signal from the tape head and passes it back to the read formatter.

  • Page 130: Drive Media (Travan Minicartridges)

    Chapter 7 Drive media (Travan minicartridges) The drive is designed to use Travan 40 cartridges. These small (approximately 2 inches by 3 inches by 0.4 inch) cartridges house 1650-Oersted Gamma Ferric Oxide magnetic tape. Figure 19 shows a Travan minicartridge. Figure 19 Travan minicartridge The cartridge also provides for write protection so that existing data on the cartridge...

  • Page 131: Glossary

    Glossary Glossary This section defines some of the acronyms and technical terms used in this manual. ABRT ANSI ATA-1 ATA-2 ATA-3 ATA-4 ATAPI AZIMUTH BEZEL BIOS BIT CELL BMIDE BLOCK BRIDGE Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Status register bit: command has been aborted American National Standards Institute AT (bus) Attachment The first defined standard for ATA devices.
  • Page 132 Appendix A BUFFER BUFFER OVERRUN BUFFER UNDERRUN MASTERING BYTE CABLE SELECT CANCELMARK CARTRIDGE CHIPSET COD BIT CSEL DATA BLOCK DATA COMPRESSION DENSITY DEV BIT Page 124 Status register bit: device is busy Intermediate storage space used to hold data between two processes that proceed at different rates.
  • Page 133 Glossary DIRECTORY DIRECTORY TRACK DMA CHANNEL DMA MODE DRDY DRIVE EARLY WARNING ECC BLOCK ECMA EEPROM EIDE EISA BUS ERASE Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual (slave). 0=select drive 0 (master) A table of contents to the various files stored on a computer device (such as a tape or hard disc).
  • Page 134 Appendix A FILE MARK FLUX TRANSITION FLUX TRANSITION SPACING FRAME Gbyte or GIGABYTE GROUP CODE RECORDING— HOST TASKFILE REGISTERS IDE CABLE IDE CHANNEL INTERLEAVING IO BIT K or Kbyte LOAD POINT MAGNETIC TAPE Page 126 (US) Federal Communications Commission An identification block written on tape in response to a command to “Write Filemarks.”...
  • Page 135 Glossary MASTER Mbyte or MEGABYTE MTBF MTTR MULTI-WORD NIBBLE NOISE OPERATING SYSTEM PACKET PARAMETER PCISET PERIPHERAL PHANTOM SLAVE PIO MODE POSTAMBLE QIC157 Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Device address 0 on an IDE bus A megabyte is one million (1,000,000) bytes. Mean Time Between Failures Mean Time to Repair An ATA protocol for DMA that transfers more than one word (2-bytes)
  • Page 136 Appendix A RANDOMIZING RECORDED BLOCK REFERENCE TAPE CARTRIDGE RESTORE RETENSION SCSI SERPENTINE SFF8020I SINGLE-WORD SLAVE SRST STREAMING TRACK TRACK ID BLOCK Page 128 Stands for Random Access Memory. It is the memory that the computer uses to hold the operating system and programs, from which all the operations are performed.
  • Page 137 Glossary UDMA ULTRA DMA ULTRA SCSI ULTRA33 UNCORRECTED BIT ERROR RATE UNDERRUN VOLUME X3T13 Seagate Travan 40 Product Manual Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. See ULTRA DMA. An ATA protocol for DMA transfers that can achieve data rates up to 33.3 MB/sec. A SCSI protocol for high speed data transfers See ULTRA DMA.

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