Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 1: Introduction This section provides an overview of the Tech-X Flex product and includes the following information: • Documentation notes on page 1-1 - Describes this document and the terminology within. •...
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ • Unit - A Tech-X Flex device in general, with or without a module attached, as applicable to the respective context. • Base Unit - The core handheld component to which modules attach. The base unit has an independent suite of functionality which is described in this document.
1.2.3 Base unit features NOTE: Your unit may or may not include all of the features described here, dependent upon your licensing agreement with Spirent. Please contact Spirent for more information. 1: Introduction...
Expansion of features with modular hardware - The unit is designed for expansion by attaching feature-specific modules, such as the MoCA module for testing of home MoCA networks. For more information on available modules, please contact Spirent. For more information on the operation of any specific module, see the documentation for that module.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Wi-Fi antenna Power on/off LED indicators Strap mount Tech-X Flex SYNC DATA ERRORS CHARGE [System] Back 0: Record Manager 1: 10/100 Admin Port Touchscreen 2: Set Date and Time 3: Auto Sleep Mode...
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 1-1 Front panel feature descriptions Indicator Function Power on/off Powers the unit on and off, and is also used to place the unit into sleep mode (see Powering on/off and sleep mode on page 1-9).
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Table 1-2 LED indicator description Indicator Function SYNC Indicates the status of the link over the active interface. For example, when using the Wi- Fi interface, the LED indicates the status of the Wi-Fi link. The general behavior is as follows: •...
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 1.2.6 Base unit physical interfaces (ports) Ethernet (10/100) port 1 Ethernet (10/100) port 2 1 - 2 Figure 1-2 Base unit right side AC power/charge USB port Mic/headset jack Figure 1-3 Base unit left side...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 • Modules have their own physical interfaces. See the documentation for the respective module for more information. • The two Ethernet interfaces are used for 10/100 testing and for administrative functions on the unit, such as upgrading firmware.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ connection. Likewise, to attach a module, gently press the module into the base unit to seat the electrical connection, then finger-tighten the screws. Fastener screws Module Figure 1-4 Rear of unit with a module installed, showing the fastener screws Once a module is attached and has booted up, a menu corresponding to the module functionality will appear over the F1 function key.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 CHARGE Figure 1-5 Attaching the antenna CHARGE Figure 1-6 Antenna positioned for typical use, following attachment 1.3.4 Attaching the strap A strap with a hook is provided to hang the unit while working. To attach the strap, first make sure that the...
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ (To hook) Strap end Tech-X Flex SYNC DATA ERRORS CHARGE Figure 1-7 Sliding the open strap end through the strap mount Next, feed the open end through the bottom of the buckle as shown in the following figure:...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 1.3.5 About the touchscreen display The unit display includes touchscreen functionality which allows you to operate most display controls by touching the screen. You should use a plastic stylus or a similar device. It is recommended to avoid using your fingers because it is difficult to control selections with precision.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 1. Using the function keys or the touchscreen, select the correct menu/interface. A function key selects the function/test/menu directly above 8: Wireless ON/OFF MoCA Wi-Fi 10/100 System 2. Using the up/down arrows, number pad, and/or touchscreen, select the desired menu item and possibly submenu items to activate the desired function/test.
The only maintenance task that should be performed by users is battery replacement. For all other maintenance requirements, return the unit to Spirent. Do not remove the cover of the unit during battery replacement or at any other time. For more information on battery replacement, see Battery replacement on page 1-16.
1.4.1 Battery replacement Users may perform field replacement of the battery pack. Note the following: • New battery packs should be ordered from Spirent. • Batteries contain hazardous contaminants and should be disposed of according to local regulations. It may be illegal to discard batteries in the general trash.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Figure 1-10 Removing the battery pack 3. Using the two screws at the base of the battery pack unit, remove the old battery from the plastic holder and replace with the new battery, 4.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ E-mail: systemssupport@spirent.com 1-18 1: Introduction...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 2: Wi-Fi Testing Menu Wi-Fi testing on the unit includes: • Scanning for available wireless access points • Connecting to an existing network and obtaining IP information • Basic network-level testing such as ping, traceroute, and web browsing All Wi-Fi testing is performed from the Wi-Fi menu.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 2.1 Functionality note Wi-Fi connection and testing is a purchasable option. Please contact Spirent for more information. 2.2 Wi-Fi overview The following sections describe general information about the unit and Wi-Fi. 2.2.1 Wi-Fi support details The unit supports connection to IEEE 802.11b (“Wireless-B”) networks using the 2.4GHz range.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Home computer Wireless router Ping Provider network/ISP Ping, traceroute, web browsing Figure 2-2 Typical Wi-Fi testing diagram 2.2.3 If you cannot connect (troubleshooting tips) If you are in range of a wireless access point but cannot connect, verify the following:...
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ • The Wi-Fi antenna is properly connected to the unit (see Attaching the Wi-Fi antenna on page 1-10.) • If entering all information manually, you have properly identified the network. Because this is an error-...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 • When you initiate a connection with Wi-Fi Setup > Connect or with the Connect shortcut from the Wi-Fi Setup > Scan results, you can specify whether to add the network to the auto-connect list following the connection attempt.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Setup - Scan (Wi-Fi Setup) The Wi-Fi Scan requires no setup parameters. The process launches immediately following the menu selection Results - Scan (Wi-Fi Setup) The scan lists all networks within range of the unit, including the SSID (name), signal strength, and channel number for each network.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Once the unit successfully connects, the network parameters are saved in memory under the respective SSID (name). NOTE: If you have trouble connecting, see If you cannot connect (troubleshooting tips) on page 2-3.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 2-2 Connect (Wi-Fi Setup) - Setup parameters page 2 Parameter Description Key Type and Key Type of key and the key itself, as follows: • If Key Type = HEX, the Key must be a hexadecimal number. A hex digit occupies four bits, so for WEP-64, a hex Key must be 10 digits (40 bits total).
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Figure 2-4 Wi-Fi Connect parameters (Page 1) Results - Connect (Wi-Fi Setup) The unit reports whether the connection was successful or not. If the connection is successful, the SYNC LED lights as solid green. If the connection failed and you don’t know why, see...
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 2-4 Details (Wi-Fi Setup) - Results Result Description Security Type of security in use by the network: • NONE - No security (open access) • WEP - Wired Equivalent Privacy Signal Strength Signal power level.
5-5. 2.7 Web Browser NOTE: The web browser is a purchasable option. Please contact Spirent for more information. Use of the web browser over the Wi-Fi interface is similar to other interfaces. For more information, see Web Browser on page 5-6.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 2-12 2: Wi-Fi Testing Menu...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 3: 10/100 Testing Menu With the 10/100 testing menu, the unit is able to join a 10/100 Ethernet link and perform the following functions and tests: • IP address retrieval/assignment (See IP Network Setup on page 5-1) •...
3.1 Functionality note Your unit may or may not include all the functionality described in this section, dependent upon your licensing agreement with Spirent. Please contact Spirent for more information. 3.2 About the 10/100 ports and connections The unit has two physical 10/100 ports which are connected internally by a functional Ethernet switch.
5-5. 3.7 Web Browser NOTE: The web browser is a purchasable option. Please contact Spirent for more information. Use of the web browser over the 10/100 interface is similar to other interfaces. For more information, see Web Browser on page 5-6.
Tech-X Flex™ 3.9 Passive testing NOTE: Passive testing is a purchasable option. Please contact Spirent for more information. Passive testing allows non-intrusive testing on a bridged Ethernet link. The following sections describe passive testing and bridge setup in more detail.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 1. Connect the physical wires between the endpoints, from router-to-unit and unit-to-STB. 2. Verify that communications between the bridged endpoints are restored. In this example, you should be able to see the video on the TV.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 3: 10/100 Testing Menu...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 4: System Menu The System menu provides access to general system configuration. Figure 4-1 System main menu 4.1 Record Manager Select System > Record Manager. The Record Manager is used to create, delete, and view record files, which are special files used to store test results.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ NOTE: All records and associated results remain on the unit until manually deleted. A unit shutdown will not delete record data. The unit has no specific maximum to the number of record files or the amount of results that any record can contain.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Currently, this function is used as a prerequisite for management activities such as firmware upgrades and channel guide imports. It does not provide general access to the operating system of the unit. For...
This function provides information about hardware and firmware versioning currently applicable to the unit, including the attached module, if any. This information may be required when obtaining technical support from Spirent. It may also be useful for verification before and/or after firmware upgrades. Figure 4-3 Version Info 4.6 Battery Status...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 4.7 Channel Guide/Network Setup Select System > Channel Guide/Network Setup. This function allows you to set common parameters for all video testing, including testing on different interfaces. In most cases, these are global configuration parameters that are set once and remain static for subsequent testing.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 4-3 Channel Guide/Network Setup - Page 2 parameters Parameters Description Int’l Code Country/continent code. This specification allows the analysis to adjust the quality metric scores according to statistical data available in different parts of the world.
...where the element names intuitively denote each respective parameter, such as <IP-address> and <IP-port>. To be functional, a channel guide must be well-formed and conform to the proper schema. For more information on schemas and channel guide generation, please contact Spirent. 4.7.2 Importing channel guides to the unit To import channel guides to the unit, you must follow the procedures described in this section.
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All existing channel guides on the unit are deleted or overwritten during the import • Spirent recommends a maximum of eight channel guides during an import To install and set up the FTP server Currently, the only approved FTP server is FileZilla, a free, open-source application available at http://filezilla-project.org/...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Server The IP address or DNS name of the host computer where the FTP server application is running. Port The port on which the FTP server is listening for requests. The default is 21 but can be changed in the FTP server setup.
It also allows you to manually enable features by entering valid key codes, which is may be required to enable licensed features on a new unit. To enter a key code, press Update Key (F1) and enter the key exactly as provided by Spirent. Note the following: •...
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 • The host that contains the firmware must be set up in a specific manner. Please contact Spirent for a separate document that provides details on this setup and other information about firmware upgrades.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 4-12 4: System Menu...
5-7 NOTE: Your unit may or may not include all the functionality described in this section, dependent upon your licensing agreement with Spirent. Contact an account manager for more information. 5.1 IP Network Setup This function is used to configure the active interface as necessary to join an IP network. For example, if...
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ information required to send and receive IP traffic. For any interface, IP Network Setup is a required prerequisite to any test that sends and/or receives IP data over that interface. IP Network Setup must be performed each time the unit is started up, for the interface(s) that you intend to use.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 • Ensure that you have specified generally valid IP information. For example, the unit cannot assign an address of 0.0.0.0 because it is not valid for IP communications. • For static assignment, the DNS server address is optional. However, if you do not specify a valid server, you must know the target IP address for any IP-based tests.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 5.3 Ping IP Ping is a basic connectivity test that verifies whether a specific IP address can be reached. It sends a set of ICMP echo requests to an IP address and reports whether replies are successfully received. The request is sent via the active interface of the unit and requires that routable IP information is assigned to that interface.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Figure 5-2 Successful Ping results 5.4 Traceroute This test is the standard ICMP traceroute function that sends three traceroute requests to a destination address and reports every router “hop” along the path, up to 30 hops. The results provides a topological view of the route that the packets used to reach the destination.
Figure 5-3 Successful Traceroute results 5.5 Web Browser NOTE: The web browser is a purchasable option. Please contact Spirent for more information. The web browser allows you to access web pages from the internet and view them on the screen. It may be especially useful for verifying that internet access is available, beyond a simple ping test.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 5.5.1 Setup - Web Browser Table 5-5 Web Browser - Setup parameters Parameters Description Target address of the web page to load, either a dotted IP address or a URL if a DNS is available.
5-30 5.6.1 Video Quality of Service (QoS) NOTE: Video testing is a purchasable option. Please contact Spirent for more information. This test provides subjective no-reference quality scores on a specific IPTV channel stream, along with a set of network parameters, picture frame statistics, and other transport stream information.
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Figure 5-4 Video QoS Setup - Page 1 (with channel guide) Table 5-6 Video QoS test - Setup parameters Parameter Description Channel Num If a channel guide was used, the channel number and abbreviation that was selected in the previous screen.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 5-6 Video QoS test - Setup parameters Parameter Description IP Port UDP port of the video stream. Similar to the IP Address, this must be the destination port in the UDP packet header. If you selected a channel from the channel guide, this field is automatically populated.
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Table 5-6 Video QoS test - Setup parameters Parameter Description Jitter Mode Type of jitter buffer emulation used. Options include: • F or FIXED - The jitter buffer uses a constant fixed delay. The jitter buffer is...
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 5-6 Video QoS test - Setup parameters Parameter Description GOP Length Number of frames in a group of pictures (GOP) on the stream, related to the GOP type. This is essentially the I-frame update interval; that is, the number of frames from one I-frame to the next.
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Table 5-6 Video QoS test - Setup parameters Parameter Description Original Quality Original picture quality. This value represents the subjective quality of the video before encoding, which is the theoretical maximum that the quality ever could be after encoding, transport, and decoding.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 5-6 Video QoS test - Setup parameters Parameter Description International Code Country/continent code. This specification allows the analysis to adjust the quality metric scores according to statistical data available in different parts of the world.
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 • All quantitative measurements apply to the reporting period only. No measurements are cumulative. • Unless indicated otherwise, any reference to “packets” means MPEG packets, not IP packets. Table 5-7 Video QoS results - Summary results, Plot tab...
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 5-9 Video QoS - Summary results, Stream/Expert Analysis tab Result Description Codec Type Stream type, as defined in ITU Spec ISO/IEC 13818-1. Image Size Horizontal resolution, indicating the left-right size of the image, in pixels.
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Table 5-10 Video QoS - Stream results, Stream Metrics tab Result Description Discards Total number of packets discarded by the jitter buffer emulator containing data for the respective frame type; for example, the total number of packets discarded containing I-frame data.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 5-12 Video QoS - Stream results, Video Scores tab Result Description VSTQ Video service transmission quality. This is a codec-independent measure related to the ability of the bearer channel to support reliable video.
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Table 5-13 Video QoS - Transport results, Stream Metrics tab Result Description OOS Pkt Rate Number of video/audio stream packets that arrived out of sequence, as detected by the jitter buffer emulator.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 5-14 Video QoS - Transport results, MPEG Stats tab Result Description PCR Repetition Err Number of times that the interval between PCR (program clock reference) transmissions exceeded 100 ms, if the discontinuity indicator is not set. The PCR is used as a time synchronization tool between the encoder and decoder.
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Video compression involves multiple stages, beginning with the removal of spatial similarities from individual frames using techniques similar to JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) compression. Then, similarities between adjacent frames are determined and removed from the stream, using complex algorithms to reuse identical data that was already transmitted and to “predict”...
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ received the referenced frame before the B-frame can be decoded, making the frame order different from the actual display order. Therefore, B-frames can cause a delay in the decoding process, because the decoder must buffer the input while reordering the frames for display. Of the three, the loss of a B-frame generally causes the least impact to picture quality.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Audio compression has some similarity to video compression, in that techniques may be used to eliminate redundant data. Furthermore, audio exhibits the concept of “masking,” where one frequency may mask another and the human ear is unable to perceive it. Because it is unnecessary to transmit any data for sounds that will never be heard, the removal of this data from the original audio stream provides further possibilities for data reduction.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ • Elementary stream - The elementary stream is the basic compressed audio or video bitstream. In the case of a video stream, this is the original content segmented into macroblocks, slices, and frames, then packetized with header information required to reconstruct the stream at the far end.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 About IP multicast IP multicast is a set of protocols that allows a single IP packet to be sent to multiple hosts (that is, “group members”) without the need to send multiple redundant copies of the same packet from the source. It...
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Figure 5-8 Hypothetical multicast network with multicasting and IGMP In this example, the routers are multicast-aware and can make intelligent decisions about packet forwarding. The routers control the forwarding of multicast packets, with those routers directly connected to multicast group members using Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) to manage the duplication and forwarding of packets to individual group members.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) to build logical multicast trees and forward packets efficiently between the multicast source and group members. Once multicast packets reach their destination subnets, group members "listening" for packets with the specific IP multicast (destination) address will receive and process the packets accordingly.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ • Other problems related to network impairments, such as packet delay variation and out-of-sequence packets. • The inherent abilities of the codec and associated equipment to conceal network impairments such as packet loss.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 MOS scoring is frequently produced by software algorithms that monitor video streams and attempt to “emulate” a subjective viewer experience. Such software is intended to produce results that are similar to MOS scores that would be recorded by actual human participants watching and evaluating the media.
5.6.2 Channel Change Time NOTE: Video testing is a purchasable option. Please contact Spirent for more information. The IPTV change channel test measures channel change time by measuring the time between IGMP requests and resulting changes in the packet stream.
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 a multicast stream and initiating an actual channel change, emulating the behavior of IPTV subscriber STB equipment. For more detailed information on the time calculation, see How channel change time is calculated page 5-32.
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ • IP Address - IP address of the multicast stream • IP Port - UDP or TCP port of the stream, with respect to the Encapsulation Method • Encapsulation Method - Transport encapsulation used for the stream •...
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Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 For reference, the unit indicates the following test results: • Channel Leave Time - Equals the (Last ) term. • Channel Join Time - Equals the (First ) term. 5: IP and Video Testing...
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 5-34 5: IP and Video Testing...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 6: Specifications This section provides detailed information on physical components and specifications of the Tech-X Flex base unit. NOTE: Specifications are subject to change. 6.1 General specifications Table 6-1 Physical specifications Dimensions (H x W x D) •...
Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ Table 6-2 Power specifications AC operations External AC adaptor/charger NOTE: Adaptor will charge battery while unit is in use. Battery type LiON rechargeable Battery life 3-10 hours, depending on use Battery recharge time...
Tech-X Flex™ Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 6.3 FCC compliance statements • RF exposure - This equipment complies with the FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and users and nearby persons.
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Base Unit User Guide Issue 1 Tech-X Flex™ 6: Specifications...
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