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XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual.
Version 1.2
X I I M U S
MODELS: 512CTi, 1024CTi & 2048CTi
USER MANUAL
ver 1.2
18 October 2006
TVI Vision Oy reserves the right to change any information in this document without prior notice. TVI
Vision Oy will not take any responsibility for any damage caused by possible inaccuracies or faults in the
equipment. This document may not be copied without the written consent of the TVI Vision Oy. An un-
authorised use or distribution of this document to a third party is prohibited.
18.10.2006
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Table of Contents
Summary of Contents for XIIMUS 1024CTI
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Page 1: User Manual
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 X I I M U S MODELS: 512CTi, 1024CTi & 2048CTi USER MANUAL ver 1.2 18 October 2006 TVI Vision Oy reserves the right to change any information in this document without prior notice. TVI Vision Oy will not take any responsibility for any damage caused by possible inaccuracies or faults in the equipment. - Page 2 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 DOCUMENT HISTORY Version Date Author Description 2 Jun 2005 Modified from the respective RGB User Manual 29 Mar 2006 jjl Updates until App. B. 2 June 2006 nr & jjl First release 9 June 2006 nr...
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Page 3: Declaration Of Conformity
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY AS DEFINED BY THE COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 89 / 336 / EEC EMC (ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY) WE HEREWITH DECLARE THAT THIS PRODUCT COMPLIES WITH THE FOLLOWING PROVISIONS APPLYING TO IT. Emission CISPR 22 (1997) -
Page 4: Table Of Contents
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S INTRODUCTION ......................5 PRECAUTIONS ......................6 CAMERA OVERVIEW ....................8 ....................8 OLOUR EPARATION ..................... 8 AMERA PERATION PROCESSING OF CCD OUTPUT................ -
Page 5: Introduction
Version 1.2 INTRODUCTION The XIIMUS is a rugged, high performance, fully digital colour line scan camera for de- manding industrial applications. It utilises a high accuracy 3-CCD architecture with a choice of either 512, 1024 or 2048 pixel sensors at speeds up to 40 million pixels per second per colour channel. -
Page 6: Precautions
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 PRECAUTIONS Read the manual Please read the manual carefully before using the camera the first time. Do not drop the camera Handle the camera with care at all times, since it is a sensitive optical device. Do not drop the camera and avoid mechanical shocks to the camera. - Page 7 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Storage Do not store the camera in a temperature over + 55 ºC or 131 F. There is a permanent tem- perature indicator inside the camera, which is installed to ensure that if the camera is damaged due to overheat, the warranty of the camera may be void.
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Page 8: Camera Overview
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 CAMERA OVERVIEW Colour Separation The incoming light is separated into three, Infrared, Red and Bluegreen, colour images by an R-GB-IR beam splitter (figure 3.1). The spectral distribution of each colour is standardised and well known. By attaching a CCD to each of these colour outputs, it is possible to measure the intensity of each colour image. - Page 9 Figure 3.3. The block diagram of the camera. The XIIMUS cameras operate in a mono-shot mode. For each rising edge of the NewLine signal the camera responds by sending out the digital data stream of the previous line scan period time. The output frequency is constant. The distance in time between two NewLine edges can be set to any value above the specified minimum.
- Page 10 ExpCtrl signal. The NewLine pulse is sent after a constant delay (appendix F). The XIIMUS camera is constantly monitoring all the internal supply voltages and the internal temperature of the camera. Temperature warnings can be monitored via the LEDs of the rear panel or by reading the status via serial communications.
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Page 11: Processing Of Ccd Output
PROCESSING OF CCD OUTPUT Analogue video path TVI XIIMUS cameras utilise a two channel CDD for each colour. A simplified illustration of the analogue video path of one channel is in figure 4.1. The video path itself is completely ana- logue until digitised with 12-bit resolution in close vicinity of the CCD itself. -
Page 12: Pixel Correction Unit
Pixel correction unit 4.2.1 Description The TVI XIIMUS series line scan cameras incorporate a user programmable real time pixel correction unit, PCU. The PCU can be set up by downloading appropriate correction data via the serial port to the camera. - Page 13 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Figure 4.2. Correction algorithm. The multiplier a has a 14-bit range. The multiplier is scaled so that a 14-bit multiplier value of 4096 DU by default equals multiplying by one. So, in order to increase the signal of a pixel it has to be multiplied with a number greater than 4096 DU and accordingly it has to multiplied with a smaller number to attenuate the signal.
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Page 14: Implementation Of The Correction
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 4.2.4 Implementation of the correction Figure 4.3. Block diagram of the correction data path. The correction algorithm is implemented as illustrated above for each colour channel. Firstly, all offsets are subtracted from the raw 12-bit CCD output data. This includes the pixel to pixel offsets in the dark (DSNU) and any custom subtractions. - Page 15 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 In order to remove unevenness of the lighting profile and lens curvature along the vector at the same time as when performing white balancing, each individual pixel along the vector needs to be scaled to the corresponding infrared maximum value (L1). Now, in this case, in order for the line profile on all colour channels to equal line L1, the infrared channel line also has to be scaled.
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Page 16: Camera Interface
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 CAMERA INTERFACE All the electrical connections of the XIIMUS colour line scan camera are made via the rear panel. The DC power is input via the 2-wire, shielded power cable (included in the delivery). -
Page 17: Led Indicators
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Supply voltage: Nominal: +24 V Range: +20 to +36 V Supply current: Typically: 500 to 1000 mA Maximum: 1.1 A (at +24 V and at power-up only) Ripple: ± 10 % (max 120 Hz) -
Page 18: Data Connector
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 TEMP ERR, red Warning of too high an internal temperature. If the camera cools down, this warning will be removed, but if the temperature rises further the camera will be stopped permanently until the next power-up. -
Page 19: Rs-232 Port
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 RS-232 port The RS-232 connector is used for changing the settings of the camera and for communicating with the internal microcontroller. Please, refer to the Appendix C for detailed description on wiring and the communication protocol. The same functions are alternatively available via Camera Link. -
Page 20: Mechanical Structure
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 MECHANICAL STRUCTURE Mechanical dimensions and mounting of the camera The mechanical structure of the camera provides a compact entity to meet the rigid de- mands of the industrial environment. The camera case is aluminium, which provides an excellent electrical protection against external electromagnetic interference. -
Page 21: Optical Considerations
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 OPTICAL CONSIDERATIONS Spectral response Wave le ngth (nm ) Bluegreen Inf rared Figure 7.1. The spectral distribution of the R-GB-IR colour beam splitter. The above graph shows the effect of the prism itself at each wavelength. Transmission is well balanced both in the sense of peak responses as well as total amount of light passed to the sensors at each wavelength (sum of the three separate curves). -
Page 22: Selection Of Optics
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Selection of optics The choice of optics affects the picture quality in terms of resolution, field of view, depth of field and amount of lighting needed, just to name a few factors. The selection of optics can have a dramatic effect on image quality. -
Page 23: Resolution And Field Of View
When using large apertures, large field of view and the 2K sensor and depending on the quality of the objective used, image quality can be reduced at the edges due to optical limitations. All TVI XIIMUS cameras have been designed and made to be used with standard commercial objectives at mid-range apertures. -
Page 24: Depth Of Field And Working Aperture
Thus, the use of mid-range apertures (f5.6 - 11) results in optimum picture quality. Normally a lens is at its sharpest at aperture 8. TVI XIIMUS cameras are very sensitive to light and have a wide range of user programmable gain factors, so it is possible to use mid-range apertures without significantly increasing lighting costs. -
Page 25: Lighting
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 LIGHTING Lighting affects the quality of an imaging situation much more than the selection of proper optics. Proper lighting can increase accuracy, system reliability and response time. Further- more, failure to implement correct object illumination will in most cases lead to loss of time and financial resources. - Page 26 The temperature dependency of the chosen light source should be verified. For example, fluorescent tubes have a relatively high relation between the operating temperature and both the intensity and the proportion of colour output, while all TVI XIIMUS cameras have almost no changes in their performance.
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Page 27: Technical Specifications
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Subject to change without prior notice. Table 9.1. Latest update: 2 June 2006. The technical specifications of the TVI XIIMUS series of cameras with 10 µm sensors. Parameter Symbol Typical Max Unit Notes... - Page 28 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Table 9.2. Latest update: 2 June 2006. The technical specifications of the TVI XIIMUS series of cameras with 14 µm sensors. Parameter Symbol Typical Max Unit Notes Number of pixels 1024 Pixel size 14 x 14 µm...
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Page 29: Appendixes
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 APPENDIXES ® Camera Link output bit port assignments Timing diagrams Parallel colour channels output modes Multiplexed colour cannels output modes Serial communications Model numbers Ordering codes Application notes Cooling Option © TVI Vision, 18 October 2006... -
Page 30: Link ® Output Bit Port Assignments
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 ® 10.1 APPENDIX A: Camera Link output bit port assignments Multiplexed Parallel Base Configuration Base Dual Base Medium 8 bit 10 bit 12 bit 24 bit 24 bit + 30 bit 36 bit... -
Page 31: Appendix B: Timing Diagrams
R17 for 25 MHz models R16 for 33 MHz models R15 for 40 MHz models Firmware L2: D14 FVAL is constantly HIGH. DVAL is identical to LVAL. TVI XIIMUS 512CTi, 1024CTi and 2048CTi Parallel Output Modes Symbol Parameter Min. Max. -
Page 32: B2: Multiplexed Colour Channels Output Modes
K01 for 16.7 MHz models Firmware L2: D13 Notes: swap letters IR and GB of data values for GB-R-IR output sequence FVAL is constantly HIGH. DVAL is identical to LVAL. TVI XIIMUS 512CTi, 1024CTi and 2048CTi Multiplexed Output Modes Symbol Parameter Min. -
Page 33: Appendix C: Serial Communications
Date: 8 June 2006 MCU software version: Description The TVI XIIMUS series line scan cameras have user programmable features, which are ® available by using the RS-232 or the Camera Link serial communications port and a simple protocol. If your camera does not support all of these features or if you are not sure which... - Page 34 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Cabling The RS-232 connector can be found on the rear panel of the camera. Use standard socket type 9-pin D-connectors (e.g. AMP 344643-1) at both ends. These cables are available from TVI Vision by the product name PRICABLE-13.
- Page 35 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 The values of these registers form a so-called memory bank, which can be saved into one of the internal nonvolatile memory banks for future reloading. All the registers are automatically set to the values of the memory bank 0 (see 3.4 for details) on power-up. The contents of this default memory bank can be altered with the memory commands.
- Page 36 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Error Codes: Error decimal hexadecimal binary ASCII 0110 0101 START and/or followed by followed by followed by STOP bit error 0011 0001 0110 0101 Illegal command followed by followed by followed by 0011 0010...
- Page 37 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Once all bytes are written to the camera, the camera will reply with the same command and data byte pair that was initially sent to the camera when writing started. While writing is in progress no other commands can be sent to the camera because they will be interpreted as correction coefficients.
- Page 38 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 3.3. Retrieve information (address 188) This command will retrieve various information from the camera. Function decimal hexadecimal binary 1011 1100 Retrieve Information The data byte for this command can take the following values:...
- Page 39 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 3.3.3. Read Hardware Settings This command will reply with two bytes. The first byte of the reply consists of eight bits, which are labelled as follows (MSB first): X X M CL T1 T0 V1 V0...
- Page 40 8 bits. Values can only be loaded from the memory as complete sets of 64 registers (memory banks). TVI XIIMUS cameras have a volatile memory buffer, which is updated after each new configuration setting to the camera (command and data pair). A copy of this buffer can be saved to any of the user accessible memory banks and any of the memory banks can be loaded into the buffer (overwrites the old values).
- Page 41 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 The data byte can be any value as specified in the table below: Memory SAVE LOAD Notes Bank Power-up values General purpose 1 to 59 reserved for factory preset values Minimum usable gain settings...
- Page 42 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Odd channel represents pixels 1,3,5,...,1023 (up to 2047 with 2048-pixel cameras). Even channel represents pixels 2,4,6,...,1024 (up to 2048 with 2048-pixel cameras). Note: The first output pixel is odd. Most software programs index the first pixel as zero (even).
- Page 43 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 3.7. Exposure control mode (address 204) The Exposure Control function can be applied individually to each CCD. As default, one common input signal (ExpCtrl_IR) drives all the three CCDs. Alternatively each CCD can have its dedicated input signal for the Exposure Control.
- Page 44 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 3.8. Programmable digital gains (addresses 205 to 207) The Digital Gain function can be applied individually to each colour channel. Digital gains are implemented by shifting the original 12-bit data upwards (left) by 0 to 7 positions –...
- Page 45 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 3.9. Output mode register (address 208) The output mode register is used to change the configuration of data output. Most bits of this register apply only to Camera Link models. The output mode register will define the pixel clock frequency, colour order for multiplexed modes, it will enable or disable the shading correction unit and define which output pins the data is routed to.
- Page 46 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Bit CR selects whether the shading correction unit is used or not: 0 = disable shading correction unit (default) 1 = enable use of shading correction unit. Bit RS selects where the serial port data is routed to 0 = RS-232 port (default) ®...
- Page 47 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 The first 6 bits are used as pairs for each colour channel (see table below). As default, these are all zeros, and there is no need to change them. They can, though, be used for testing or debugging the system.
- Page 48 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 The data byte for this command can range from 0 to 63 (decimal). 0 corresponds to –2 dB input stage gain and 63 equals +10 dB gain. The default setting for this register is +4 dB, which equals 31 decimal.
- Page 49 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Function decimal hexadecimal binary 1101 1111 Offset Infrared MSB 1110 0000 Offset Infrared LSB 1110 0001 Offset Red MSB 1110 0010 Offset Red LSB 1110 0011 Offset Bluegreen MSB 1110 0100 Offset Bluegreen LSB If you are using only the 8 upper bits (MSBs), please note that the offset value still affects the original 12-bit values (range 0 to 4095 in digital units).
- Page 50 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 For the RS-232 port, bits R1 and R0 are interpreted as pairs in the following manner: Function 9600 bits per second 19200 bits per second (default) 38400 bits per second If set, uses default. Cannot be set by user.
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Page 51: Appendix D: Model Numbers For Xiimus Cameras
16.7 MHz for multiplexed Camera Link output only. 8.3 MHz for multiplexed output only. Example: XIIMUS 1024CTi14-25 has three 1024 pixel sensors (R-GB-NIR) of 14 µm x 14 µm pixel size, each at 25 MHz pixel rate. The data interface is Camera ®... -
Page 52: Appendix E: Ordering Codes For Xiimus Cameras
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 10.5 APPENDIX E: Ordering codes for XIIMUS cameras Version: Date: 21 March 2006 XIIMUS 1024-CT-i-14-P-A-25 Number of pixels in each sensor 3 x 512 pixel sensors 3 x 1024 pixel sensors 1024 3 x 2048 pixel sensors... - Page 53 8.3 MHz for multiplexed output only. Example: XIIMUS 1024-CT-i-14-P-A-25 has three 1024 pixel sensors of 14 µm x 14 µm pixel size for R, GB and NIR wavelengths, each at 25 MHz pixel rate. The data interface is CameraLink, but the serial communication is set to use the standard 9-pin RS-232 connector.
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Page 54: Appendix F: Application Notes
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 10.6 APPENDIX F: Application notes 10.6.1 TVI-AN701: Using encoder inputs for triggering TVI Application Note TVI-AN701 Version: 0.02 Date: 14 April 1999 Summary: The two common operation modes of line scan cameras are free-run mode or encoder input driven mode. - Page 55 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 But, since T5 is ended by the next NewLine rising edge - which in turn is produced by the external trigger coming from a mechanical device - it is practically impossible to keep the integration time (T5) constant, simply because it is impossible to very precisely p r e d i c t , when the next pulse from an encoder or similar, will actually come.
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Page 56: Appendix G: Cooling Option
XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 10.7 APPENDIX G: Cooling option Camera models with pixel rates up to 25 MHz per channel may be operated up to +35 °C ambient temperature with no additional cooling. Faster models (33 and 40 MHz) may run too hot already at or below room temperatures, unless the cooling has been assisted. - Page 57 XIIMUS R-GB-IR CL User Manual. Version 1.2 Replacement of the fan The fan is located below the perforated cover. The power input wires have a connector inside the camera. Power off the camera. Unscrew the two screws of the cover.