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Manual Part No. 0E1881 DIAGNOSTIC REPAIR MANUAL RECREATIONAL VEHICLE GENERATOR Model 4700 ® QUIETPACT P.O. Box 297 • Whitewater, WI 53190 Phone: (262) 473-5514 Fax: (262) 472-6505 Printed in U.S.A Revision A - 10/13/03...
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SAFETY Throughout this publication, "DANGER!" and "CAUTION!" blocks are used to alert the mechanic to special instructions concerning a particular service or operation that might be hazardous if performed incorrectly or carelessly. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO THEM. DANGER! UNDER THIS HEADING WILL BE FOUND SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS WHICH, IF NOT COM- PLIED WITH, COULD RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.
Table of Contents SAFETY ......INSIDE FRONT COVER SECTION 6: TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS ....21-29 SECTION 1: IF PROBLEM INVOLVES AC OUTPUT ...... 21 GENERATOR FUNDAMENTALS ...... 3-6 PROBLEM 1 - MAGNETISM ..............3 VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY ARE BOTH HIGH OR LOW ............21 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ........
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Table of Contents TEST 14 - TEST 36 - Check Load Watts & Amperage ........36 Check Carburetion............48 TEST 15 - TEST 37 - Check Battery Charge Output ........37 Check Choke Solenoid ..........48 TEST 16 - TEST 38 - Check Battery Charge Rectifier ........
Section 1 GENERATOR FUNDAMENTALS MAGNETISM NOTE: The "right hand rule" is based on the "cur- rent flow" theory which assumes that current flows from positive to negative. This is opposite Magnetism can be used to produce electricity and the "electron" theory, which states that current electricity can be used to produce magnetism.
Section 1 GENERATOR FUNDAMENTALS A SIMPLE AC GENERATOR Figure 1-4 shows a very simple AC Generator. The CURRENT VOLTAGE generator consists of a rotating magnetic field called a ROTOR and a stationary coil of wire called a STA- TOR. The ROTOR is a permanent magnet which con- sists of a SOUTH magnetic pole and a NORTH mag- netic pole.
Section 1 GENERATOR FUNDAMENTALS Figure 1-7. – Generator Operating Diagram NOTE: AC output frequency at 3720 rpm will be (1) If the actual (sensing) voltage is greater about 62 Hertz. The "No-Load" is set slightly high than the pre-set reference voltage, the to prevent excessive rpm, frequency and voltage Regulator will decrease the regulated cur- droop under heavy electrical loading.
Section 1 GENERATOR FUNDAMENTALS FIELD BOOST GENERATOR AC CONNECTION SYSTEM When the engine is cranked during startup, the 120 VAC OUTPUT: engine's starter contactor is energized closed. Battery current is then delivered to the starter motor and the The Stator AC power winding consists of two wind- engine cranks.
Section 2 MAJOR GENERATOR COMPONENTS POWER WINDING ELECTRONIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR BRUSHES DPE WINDING Figure 2-3. – Brush Holder FIELD BATTERY CHARGE COMPONENTS Figure 2-5. – Schematic- Excitation Circuit The Stator incorporates dual battery charge windings. EXCITATION CIRCUIT BREAKER: A battery charge rectifier (BCR) changes the AC out- The excitation circuit breaker (CB3) is self-resetting put of these windings to direct current (DC).
Section 2 MAJOR GENERATOR COMPONENTS BREATHER ASSEMBLY DESCRIPTION: A crankcase breather is located in the rocker arm cover of horizontal crankshaft engines (Figure 2-8). VOLTAGE The breather serves to maintain a reduced pressure ADJUST POT in the engine crankcase, to prevent oil from being forced past the oil seals, gaskets or piston rings.
Section 3 INSULATION RESISTANCE TESTS EFFECTS OF DIRT AND MOISTURE DANGER!: INSULATION RESISTANCE TESTERS SUCH AS HI-POT TESTERS AND Moisture and dirt are detrimental to the continued MEGOHMMETERS ARE A SOURCE OF HIGH good operation of any generator set. AND DANGEROUS ELECTRICAL VOLTAGE. If moisture is allowed to remain in contact with the FOLLOW THE TESTER MANUFACTURER'S Stator and Rotor windings, some of the moisture will...
Section 3 INSULATION RESISTANCE TESTS CAUTION!: SOME GENERATORS MAY USE STATOR SHORT-TO-GROUND TESTS: EPOXY OR POLYESTER BASE WINDING See Figure 3-2. To test the Stator for a short-to- VARNISHES. USE SOLVENTS THAT WILL ground condition, proceed as follows: NOT ATTACK SUCH MATERIALS. 1.
Section 3 INSULATION RESISTANCE TESTS 3. Apply 1000 volts. DO NOT APPLY VOLTAGE LONGER THAN TEST BETWEEN PARALLEL WINDINGS: 1 SECOND. Connect the tester leads across Stator leads No. 11P and 33. Apply a voltage of 1500 volts. If an insulation If an insulation breakdown is indicated, clean and dry breakdown is indicated, clean and dry the Stator.
Section 4 MEASURING ELECTRICITY METERS MEASURING AC VOLTAGE Devices used to measure electrical properties are An accurate AC voltmeter or a VOM may be used to called meters. Meters are available that allow one to read the generator's AC output voltage. The following measure (a) AC voltage, (b) DC voltage, (c) AC fre- apply: quency, and (d) resistance In ohms.
Section 4 MEASURING ELECTRICITY MEASURING AC FREQUENCY The generator's AC output frequency is proportional to Rotor speed. Generators equipped with a 2-pole Rotor must operate at 3600 rpm to supply a frequen- cy of 60 Hertz. Units with 4-pole Rotor must run at 1800 rpm to deliver 60 Hertz.
Section 4 MEASURING ELECTRICITY ELECTRICAL UNITS OHM: The OHM is the unit of RESISTANCE. In every circuit there is a natural resistance or opposition to the flow AMPERE: of electrons. When an EMF is applied to a complete The rate of electron flow in a circuit is represented by circuit, the electrons are forced to flow in a single the AMPERE.
Section 5 ENGINE DC CONTROL SYSTEM INTRODUCTION CIRCUIT CONDITION-RUNNING: With the FUEL PUMP (FP) operating and Ignition The engine DC control system includes all compo- occurring, the engine should start. nents necessary for the operation of the engine. A voltage is induced into the Stator's BATTERY Operation includes rest, priming, cranking, starting, CHARGE WINDING.
Section 5 ENGINE DC CONTROL SYSTEM 1. Wire 14 connects to Terminal J2. During cranking and running, PIN LOCATIONS the circuit board delivers battery voltage to the Wire 14 circuit J1-1 thru J1-15 for the following functions: To operate the electric Fuel Pump (FP). To energize the Fuel Solenoid.
Section 5 ENGINE DC CONTROL SYSTEM FUEL PRIMER SWITCH SPECIFIC GRAVITY FREEZING POINT 1.220 -35° F. (-37° C.) Following generator installation and after the unit has 1.200 --20° F. (-29° C.) been idle for some time, the fuel supply line may be 1.160 0°...
Section 5 ENGINE DC CONTROL SYSTEM TO STARTER TO ECB (START) (STOP) TO ECB A. Schematic B. Pictorial TO FUSE (F1) Figure 5-5. – Start-Stop Switch TO GROUND TO BATTERY STARTER CONTACTOR & MOTOR The positive (+) battery cable (13) attaches to one of Figure 5-6.
Section 6 TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS The “Flow Charts” in this section may be used in con- Problems 1 through 5 apply to the AC generator only. junction with the “Diagnostic Tests” of Section 7. Beginning with Problem 6, the engine DC control sys- Numbered tests in the Flow Charts correspond to tem is dealt with.
Section 6 TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS Problem 2 - Generator Produces Zero Voltage or Residual Voltage (5-12 VAC) TEST 12 - CHECK TEST 3 - TEST GOOD -PROCEED MAIN CIRCUIT EXCITATION BAD -PROCEED, REPLACE AFTER TESTS BREAKER CIRCUIT BREAKER CONCLUDE RESET TO “ON”...
Section 6 TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS Problem 2 - Generator Produces Zero Voltage or Residual Voltage (5-12 VAC) (continued) TEST 4 - PERFORM FIXED EXCITATION / CHECK VOM FUSES - REPLACE FUSES ROTOR AMP VERIFY AMP METER - THEN RETEST DRAW FUNCTIONS TEST 11 - (PERFORM BOTH TEST 7 &...
Section 6 TROUBLESHOOTING FLOWCHARTS Problem 6 - Engine Will Not Crank TEST 22 - CHECK TEST 21 - BATTERY CHECK 7.5 & CABLES AMP FUSE FUSE BAD RECHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY - CLEAN, REPAIR OR REPLACE BAD CABLE(S) REPLACE FUSE FUSE BLOWS GO TO PROBLEM 9 GOOD...
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 3. If AC output voltage and frequency are both "zero", go to Test 12. INTRODUCTION 4. If the no-load voltage and frequency are within the stated limits, The "Diagnostic Tests" in this chapter may be per- go to Test 13.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 3. Start engine, let it stabilize and warm up at no-load. PROCEDURE: Note: After running the unit, allow two minutes for 4. Turn the ADJUSTER NUT to obtain a frequency reading of 62 the breaker to reset. Hertz.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS PROCEDURE: TEST 7 - TEST STATOR DPE WINDING 1. Set VOM to measure DC voltage. DISCUSSION: 2. Disconnect Wire No. 4 from the Voltage Regulator and connect An open circuit in the Stator excitation windings will the positive (+) test lead to it.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 6. Connect the meter test leads across Stator leads 33 and 44. b. Connect one meter test lead to Stator Wire No. 2, the other test lead to Stator lead No. 11. The Normal power winding resistance should be read. meter should read "Infinity".
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS TEST 9- CHECK BRUSH LEADS PROCEDURE: 1. Gain access to the brushes and slip rings. DISCUSSION: 2. Remove Wire No. 4 from the positive (+) brush terminal. In Test 4, if application of battery voltage to the Rotor 3.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS the Rotor shaft). The meter should read "infinity". RESULTS: 1. If breaker is "ON" and continuity is measured, go to Test 3. RESULTS: 2. If breaker is "OFF", reset to the "ON" position and check 1. Replace the Rotor if it fails the test. for AC output.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS meter should measure “Infinity.” Connect the negative test lead to TEST 15 - CHECK BATTERY CHARGE the other outer terminal. Infinity should once again be measured. OUTPUT Short to Ground: DISCUSSION: 4. Set the VOM to measure resistance. Connect the positive (+) The Battery Charge system consists of a center tap test lead to the case housing of the BCR.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS other test lead to Stator Lead Wire No. 55. Normal Battery RESULTS: Charge Winding resistance should be measured. 1. If the engine cranks normally, but the priming function still doesn't work, go to Test 19. 3. Connect one test lead to Stator Lead Wire No. 77. Connect the other test lead to Stator Lead Wire No.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS Battery Voltage should be measured when the Primer Switch is tive fuel supply if questionable. activated. 3. Remove air filter access panel and air filter. Remove fuel hose from pump. Place a suitable container to catch fuel from fuel pump line.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 3. If the pump fails Step 5 or Step 6, replace the Fuel Pump. Page 18. Note: If desired, a pressure gauge can be PROCEDURE: attached to the pumps outlet side. Pump outlet 1. Inspect the battery cables and battery posts or terminals for pressure should be 2.0 to 3.5 psi.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS frame ground. The engine should crank. RESULTS: 1. If battery voltage is NOT indicated in Step 1, check Wire 13 4. Remove the 7.5 amp fuse. Disconnect Wire No. 18, Wire No. between Starter Contactor and 7.5 amp Fuse, Wire 15 0B and Wire No.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 2. If engine cranks in Step 3 when Wire 17 is grounded, but will TEST 26- CHECK STARTER CONTACTOR not crank when the Switch is set to "START", replace the Start- Stop switch. DISCUSSION: If battery voltage is available to the Wire 56 circuit, 3.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS TEST 27- CHECK STARTER MOTOR TOOLS FOR STARTER PERFORMANCE TEST: The following equipment may be used to complete a performance test of the starter motor: DISCUSSION: • A digital multimeter (VOM). If the engine will not crank, the Starter Motor may •...
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS in Step 5, check Wire 14 between the 4-tab connector and the erator will run out of gas before the vehicle engine. Engine Controller circuit board. PROCEDURE: a. Repair, reconnect or replace Wire 14 as neces- Check fuel level in the supply tank.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS fuel primer switch. This will activate the fuel pump and fuel 3. If continuity is not measured in Step 5, repair or replace Wire solenoid. The fuel solenoid should energize and you should be No. 0 between the Fuel Solenoid and ground terminal. able to feel and hear it.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS RESULTS: SPARK TESTER CLAMP 1. Clean and regap or replace spark plug as necessary. CONNECTED TO SPARK TESTER SPARK PLUG 2. If spark plug is good, go to Test 36. SPARK PLUG BOOT TEST 34 - CHECK IGNITION COIL DISCUSSION: The ignition system used on GH-220 engines is a solid-state (breakerless) type.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS ground. Battery voltage should be measured. Verify that Wire ADJUSTING VALVE CLEARANCE: No. 15 is connected to J3 and that Wire No. 14 is connected to Adjust valve clearance with the engine at room tem- perature. The piston should be at top dead center J2;...
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 2. When clearance is correct, hold the pivot ball stud with the RESULTS: allen wrench and tighten the rocker arm jam nut to the speci- If problem has not been solved, go to Test 37. If car- buretor is varnished, clean or replace.
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Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 4. Disconnect Connector 1: Set the VOM to measure DC voltage. 2. If battery voltage was measured in Step 5 but not measured in Connect the positive (+) test lead to Wire No. 90 (Pin 2) of Step 4, repair or replace Wire No.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS MINIMUM ALLOWABLE COMPRESSION PRESSURE TEST 38 - CHECK ENGINE / CYLINDER LEAK COLD ENGINE – GH-220 DOWN TEST / COMPRESSION TEST 60 psi GENERAL: If compression is poor, look for one or more of the fol- lowing causes: Most engine problems may be classified as one or a ❏...
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS PROCEDURE: PROCEDURE: 1. Check engine oil level. If necessary, replenish oil level to the 1. Remove Wire No. 85 from Oil Temperature Switch terminal dipstick "FULL" mark. and start the generator. If engine starts and runs now, but shuts down when Wire 85 is connected to the switch terminal, 2.
Section 7 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 3. If battery voltage was not measured in Step 2, set the VOM to TEST 41 - TEST CHOKE HEATER measure resistance. Disconnect Connector 1 at the Choke Assembly. Connect one meter test lead to Wire No. 14 DISCUSSION: (Connector 1, Pin 3) going to the control panel.
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