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1. Remove these
covers frequently
and clean out all
dust and chaff.
Be sure to replace
covers.
2. Open these
covers
frequently
and clean
out all
dust and chaff.
Be sure to close covers.
3. Keep this
space between cylinders
free
of dust
and chaff.
4. Read instructions
on this air cleaner regarding
its
care. This is important.
The entire
pre-cleaner
and
air cleaner
should be removed from the engine at
least
once a year, and washed in a cleaning
fluid
to clean out dirt gathered in the back fire
trap in
the top part of the air cleaner.
5. Replace this oil
filter
cartridge
every other oil
change. If operating conditions
are extremely dusty
replace
cartridge
every oil change. Be sure that
your replacement is a Wisconsin Micro-Fine filter.
6. Do not allow shrouding
to become damaged or bad-
ly dented as this will retard air flow.
Never operate engine with air shrouding re-
moved. This will retard air cooling.
Always keep all parts of the engine clean.
This will
prolong engine life,
and give more
satisfactory operation.
Every 4 to 8 hours,
depending
on dust conditions,
check air cleaner
and change oil.
See Page 10.
Every 8 hours check crankcase
oil level.
Keep filled
to full
marl: on oil
gauge saber,
but no more. See
t'igo 3.
Every 50 hours, drain crankcase and refill
with fresh
oil.
See Lubrication,
Pages 6 and 7.
SUGGESTION FOR CONTINUOUS
HOT WEATHER OPERATION
The intake
system of a gasoline
engine is designed
so that
the fuel may be vaporized
and mixed with the
correct
amount of air
for proper combustion
in the
cylinders.
To vaporize
the fuel,
a certain
amount of
heat must be supplied
to the intake
manifold.
The
temperature of the air to the carburetor
varies consid-
erably
between summer and winter
weather,
so that
in designing
the intake
manifold
a happy medium
must be chosen for the amount of heat supplied.
This
heat
is usually
taken
from the exhaust
manifold
through a connection
called
a hot spot,
between the
two manifolds.
The size of this
hot spot is very im-
portant.
If it is too small, insufficient
heat will be
supplied
to the inlet
manifold and carburetor
in cold
weather, and poor vaporization
of fuel and irregular
operation of the engine will result,
with loss of power.
If the hot spot is too large,
the inlet
manifold and
carburetor
will be too hot in summer weather and this
will result
in heating
the engine unnecessarily,
and
there
will
also be loss in power. There might also
result,
some vapor lock, due to overheating
the fuel
in the carburetor,
or in the fuel feed lines
to the
carburetor.
Vapor lock is fuel in a gaseous state,
in
the fuel lines or in the smaller passages in the carb-
uretor,
preventing the flow of fuel,
thus stopping the
engine.
If an engine is stopped by vapor lock, there will be
considerable
difficulty
in starting
the engine again,
until
it has cooled off sufficiently
to overcome the
vapor lock, and thus allow the fuel to flow normally.
Vapor lock,
or a hot inlet
manifold and carburetor,
which will vaporize the fuel too rapidly,
resulting
in
an over rich mixture,
are the main reasons for hard
starting
of hot engines. This condition is more apt to
occur with four cylinder,
rather
than with one or two
cylinder
engines.
The following suggestions will help considerably to
overcome these hard starting problems:
If the engine has been running hard and is hot, do
not stop it abruptly
from full
load,
but remove the
load and allow engine to run idle
at 1000 to 1200
R.P.M. for three
to five minutes,
depending on how
hot the engine has been. This will reduce the internal
temperature
of the engine much faster
than stopping
the engine,
and of course the external
temperature,
including
the manifold and carburetor,
will also re-
duce faster.
[~-21NCH WIDE SAW GUT TO REDUCE
~
O
TEMPERATURE
Fig. 18
In extreme cases, four-cylinder
engines which operate
mainly in hot weather, can be benefitted
by reducing
the width of the hot spot between the inlet
and ex-
haust manifolds,
to about one half or less,
by sawing
in from each side with a hack saw. The width of the
hack saw cut (about 1/32 inch)is
sufficient
to reduce
the heat flow and reduce inlet
manifold and carbure-
tor temperatures,
and improve hot starting
conditions.
See Fig. 18.
TROUBLES
CAUSES AND RE/~EDIES
Three prime requisites
are essential
to starting
and
maintaining
satisfactory
operation
of gasoline
en-
gines.
They are:
1. A proper fuel mixture in the cylinder.
16
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Troubleshooting
