Engine; Coolant - Mercedes-Benz 2005 Sprinter Service Manual

VA

COOLANT

DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - COOLING
SYSTEM LEAKS
STANDARD PROCEDURE
STANDARD PROCEDURE - ADDING
ADDITIONAL COOLANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
STANDARD PROCEDURE - DRAINING
COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
STANDARD PROCEDURE - REFILLING
COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
COOLANT LEVEL SENSOR
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
RADIATOR FAN
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
ENGINE BLOCK HEATER
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ENGINE COOLANT TEMP SENSOR
DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
COOLANT
DESCRIPTION
Coolant flows through the engine water jackets and
cylinder heads absorbing heat produced by the engine
during operation. The coolant carries heat to the radia-
tor and heater core. Here it is transferred to ambient
air passing through the radiator and heater core fins.
The required ethylene-glycol (antifreeze) and water
mixture depends upon the climate and vehicle oper-
ating conditions. The recommended mixture of 50/50
ethylene-glycol and water will provide protection
against freezing to -37 deg. C (-35 deg. F). The anti-
freeze concentration must always be a minimum of
44 percent, year-round in all climates. If percentage
is lower than 44 percent, engine parts may be
eroded by cavitation, and cooling system com-
ponents may be severely damaged by corrosion.
Maximum protection against freezing is provided
with a 68 percent antifreeze concentration, which
prevents freezing down to -67.7 deg. C (-90 deg. F). A
higher percentage will freeze at a warmer tempera-
ture. Also, a higher percentage of antifreeze can
cause the engine to overheat because the specific
heat of antifreeze is lower than that of water.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

ENGINE

page
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
INSTALLATION
ENGINE COOLANT THERMOSTAT
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
INSTALLATION
FAN DRIVE VISCOUS CLUTCH
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
INSTALLATION
RADIATOR
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
INSTALLATION
RADIATOR PRESSURE CAP
DESCRIPTION
OPERATION
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - RADIATOR
PRESSURE CAP
WATER PUMP
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
INSTALLATION
100 Percent Ethylene-Glycol—Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles
Use of 100 percent ethylene-glycol will cause forma-
tion of additive deposits in the system, as the corrosion
inhibitive additives in ethylene-glycol require the pres-
ence of water to dissolve. The deposits act as insulation,
causing temperatures to rise to as high as 149 deg. C
(300 deg. F). This temperature is hot enough to melt
plastic and soften solder. The increased temperature can
result in engine detonation. In addition, 100 percent
ethylene-glycol freezes at -22 deg. C (-8 deg. F ).
Propylene-glycol Formulations—Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles
Propylene-glycol formulations do not meet
Chrysler coolant specifications. It's overall effec-
tive temperature range is smaller than that of ethylene-
glycol. The freeze point of 50/50 propylene-glycol and
water is -32 deg. C (-26 deg. F). 5 deg. C higher than
ethylene-glycol's freeze point. The boiling point (protec-
tion against summer boil-over) of propylene-glycol is 125
deg. C (257 deg. F ) at 96.5 kPa (14 psi), compared to
128 deg. C (263 deg. F) for ethylene-glycol. Use of pro-
pylene-glycol can result in boil-over or freeze-up in
Chrysler vehicles, which are designed for ethylene-gly-
col. Propylene glycol also has poorer heat transfer char-
ENGINE 7 - 9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
page